CONTENTS

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1. APPRECIATION 1

2. THE MEANING OF DENSITY 2

3. DENSITY APPLICATIONS IN LIFE 3

4. EXAMPLES OF DENSITY 8

5. REFERENCES 10
APPRECIATION

Salam sejahtera. In the name of God the most gracious and the
most merciful, first and foremost. We would like to extend our deepest
praise to God who has given we the patient, strength, determination and
courage to implement this task.

Special thanks and gratitude goes to our sceince teacher for

imparting we with her wealth of knowledge , valuable guidance and
experience.

Our appreciation and thanks is also dedicated to all of our friends

for their helpful insights, cooperation and stimulating comments. We
would also like to express our apology for any mistake and shortcoming
in carrying out this task. To end with, we truly delighted, for this research
would bring benefits to others.

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THE MEANING OF DENSITY

The definition of density, which is scientifically referred to as the

volumetric mass density, is the amount of a substance by mass per unit
volume. It's understood to be the amount of a particular substance in a
fixed measurement, which can be measured in a variety of different units.
The density of a substance changes depending on the temperature and
pressure. Solids and liquids don't usually vary that much in their density
depending on those factors;the change in density based on temperature
or pressure can be dramatically different for gases sinceincreasing the
pressure on an object decreases its volume, increasing its density. The
correlation is also true that an increase in the temperature of a substance
usually decreases its density by increasing its volume.

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DENSITY APPLICATIONS IN LIFE

1. Timber
In areas which have lots of timber resources & large river such as in state
of Sarawak, river is one of the main modes of transportation including
logging. Timber is less dense than water. So, it will float on the surface of
water.

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2. Raft
Rafts are usually made of bamboo. Bamboo is less dense than water &
can float on the water surface.

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3. Submarine
The subsidence rate of underwater submarines can be varied by changing
the volume of water in the ballast tank.When the ballast tank is filled with
water, the density of the submarine increases, then the submarine will sink
deeper.When the water in the ballast tank is reduced / removed, the
density of the submarine decreases, then the submarine will rise to the
top.

When a submarine is Vent holes on the Vent holes are closed,

floating on the ballast tanks are
ocean`s surface, its opened to allow the
ballast tanks are filled submarine to dive. Air
mostly with air. escapes as the tanks
fill with water.
and compressed air is
pumped into the
ballast tanks to force
the water out, so the
submarine rises.

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4. Dead Sea

The Dead Sea which is located in the territorial waters of Jordan, is the
saltiest sea in the world. It has a very high salt content that makes its
saline 9.6 times higher than normal sea. Due to the high salt content, the
Dead Sea has a higher density than other seawater. Therefore, humans
& most objects can float on the surface of the Dead Sea.

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5. Egg

This application is not in the school syllabus, but it's great to share with
others.An easy way to identify fresh egg & bad egg.Regular egg has a
higher density than normal water. So, it will sink in the water.Defective egg
has higher air content than normal egg (the longer the age of the egg, the
more air will go through the egg shell)

The high volume of air reduces egg density. So, bad / fair damaged egg
will float in the water.

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EXAMPLES OF DENSITY

1. Oil and Water Don't Mix

It's a known fact that oil and water don't mix, but what many people may
not know is that the density of oil is what makes it float on top of water. In
the kitchen, oil and vinegar don't mix either, and you may have seen a
bottle of salad dressing with a slimy-looking layer on top. The oil is less
dense than the vinegar, too. But a very serious, real-world application of
oil's lighter density than water is in the ocean in the event of an oil spill.
We haven't quite perfected the technology, but scientists have already
developed clean-up systems that scrape or soak that top layer of oil off
the ocean's surface in the event of an oil spill. That oil is still wasted and
can cause lasting damage to the environment, but scientists are able to
reduce the harmful impacts by removing much of that layer from the top.

2. Helium Balloons
Helium balloons lend a festive air to parties by floating above the ground,
a phenomenon which occurs due to helium's density. Since it is less dense
than the air around it, the balloon floats. This characteristic is important in
weather balloons and at one time was important in dirigible and blimp
flights. While helium is the second most abundant element in the universe,
its density makes it pretty rare on Earth. We actually dig it out of the
ground rather than extract it from the atmosphere.

3. Archimedes and Eureka!

There's a fun legend about the discovery of the principle of density. In
ancient Greece, Archimedes had been asked by the king to find out if his
crown was solid gold or if the king had been cheated with a gold-silver
mixture. But he had to do it without breaking or destroying the crown.

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Archimedes struggled with the problem, but finally solved it when he got
in his bathtub at the end of a long day. When he got in the tub, some of
the water sloshed over the side, because he had a greater density than
the water. His body pushed that water level higher until some of it
overflowed the tub due to density. This same idea is why boats or planks
of wood float, but rocks do not.

4. Icebergs
Icebergs present a unique problem for ocean-going ships that travel into
the Arctic and Antarctic circles. Because the density of water changes as
the temperature drops, ice floats. Also, icebergs are made of frozen
freshwater, whereas the cold water around them is salty sweater; salt
water has a higher density than freshwater, so combined with the frozen
properties of the freshwater, icebergs float. The problem for these ships
is the position of the iceberg in the water. Some estimates say that less
than ten percent of the iceberg isactually visible above the surface, and
the remainder can extend out dangerously before the ship is closer to the
tip. This is the origin of the warning, "That's just the tip of the iceberg."

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REFERENCES

1. http://www.softschools.com/examples/science/density_examples/9/

2. http://buoyantforce.weebly.com/

3. https://food-hacks.wonderhowto.com/

4. https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-real-life-examples-of-density-

I-need-some-for-my-science-fair-project

5. https://sciencing.com/examples-density-works-23804.html

6. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-density.html

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