Q. No.

4
A steel ball bearing consisting of an inner race, an outer race, and 12 balls is
shown in Figure E17.2 (E = 200 GPa, v = 0.29, and Y = 1600 MPa). A rated load
of Po = 4.2 kN is given in a manufacturer's handbook for this bearing when
operated at 3000 rpm. An empirical relation (Allen, 1945) is used to determine the
load P on the topmost ball that bears the largest portion of the load; P = 5Pdn =1.75
kN in which n is the number of balls.
At the region of contact between the inner race and topmost ball, determine the
maximum principal stress, maximum shear stress, maximum octahedral shear
stress, dimensions of the area of contact, maximum orthogonal shear stress, and
distance from the point of contact to the point where these stresses occur.
SOLUTION:-
Let ball be designed as body 1 & inner race as body 2.

Given Data:
R1=R1' =4.76mm
R2= -4.86mm
R2'= 18.24mm
E =200 GPa=200*103MPa
v=0.29
P=1.75*103N

Maximum Principal Stress,

𝑏
Ϭmax = -cϭ ∆

Maximum Shear Stress,

𝑏
τmax = cτ
∆

maximum octahedral shear stress,

𝑏
τoct(max) = cG
∆
but,
3
b= cb √𝑃∆

and

2 1−𝑣 2
∆=𝐴+𝐵 𝐸
Now,

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A= ( + + + )- [( - )+( - )]2 - 4 ( - )( - ).sin2α
4 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 4 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2

and
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
B= ( + + + )+ [( - )+( - )]2 - 4 ( - )( - ) .sin2α
4 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 4 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 𝑅1 𝑅′1 𝑅2 𝑅′2

But,

R1= R1' =4.76mm,

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2
.·. A= ( + + )- ( - )
4 𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 4 𝑅2 𝑅′2

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2
.·. B= ( + + )- ( - )
4 𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅′2 4 𝑅2 𝑅′2

R2= - 4.86mm and R2'= 18.24mm

1 2 1 1 1 1 1
.·. A= ( + + ) - ( - )2 = 0.00216/mm
4 4.76 −4.86 18.24 4 −4.86 18.24

1 2 1 1 1 1 1
.·. B= ( + + ) + ( - )2 = 0.13246/mm
4 4.76 −4.86 18.24 4 −4.86 18.24

Now,
2 1−𝑣 2
∆=𝐴+𝐵 𝐸

2 1−0.292
∆=0.00216+0.13246 200∗103
= 68.0*10−6 𝑚𝑚3 /N
From stress and deflection chart values of co efficient for
𝐵 0.13246
= = 61.3 are
𝐴 0.00216

k = 0.075
cG = 0.27
cτ = 0.30
cb = 0.32
czs =0.78
cz = 1.00

Now,
3 3
b= cb √𝑃∆ = 0.32 √(1.75 ∗ 103 ∗ 68.0 ∗ 10−6 = 0.1574mm

Maximum Principal Stress,

𝑏 0.1574
Ϭmax = -cϭ ∆ = - 1.00*68∗10−6 = 2315 Mpa

Maximum Shear Stress,

𝑏 0.1574
τmax = cτ = 0.30*68∗10−6 = 695 Mpa
∆

Maximum Octahedral Shear Stress,

𝑏 0.1574
τoct(max) = cG = 0.27 68∗10−6 = 625 Mpa
∆

Maximum Shear Stress occurs under the load at the tangent plane.
The Maximum Shear Stress and maximum octahedral shear stress are located
at a distance

zs = czs b = 0.78*0.1574 = 0.123 mm

from the contact tangent plane directly under the load.
since b is in rolling direction

𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏

.·. e = =
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎

𝑏 0.1574
a= = = 2.099 mm
𝑘 0.075

𝑏 0.1574
.·. e = = = 0.075 = k
𝑎 2.099

The magnitude of Maximum Orthogonal Shear Stress is obtained from

following fig.
from fig. at e = 0.075

2τ0
= 0.486
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑏)

0.486𝑏 0.486∗0.1574
.·. τ0 = =
2∗68.0∗10−6
= 𝟓𝟓𝟔𝐌𝐏𝐚
2∆

The location of Maximum Orthogonal Shear Stress from the contact tangent
plane is obtained from following fig.

from fig. at e = 0.075

z0
= 0.41
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑏)

.·. z0 = 0.41b = 0.41*0.1574 = 0.65 mm