L&T-RAMBØLL CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED

Project Doc. No. Date

No.
Designed Checked PAGE

Footing Dimensions

15.000

10.000
y

5.000

0.000
0.000 5.000 x 10.000 15.000

5
4
4
3
3

2 2

1
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Length of Footing ( x - dir) = 6.500 m

Breadth of Footing (y - dir) = 6.500 m
Depth at edge = 0.500 m
Depth at Face of Column = 1.500 m

Length of Column (x dir) = 0.800 m

Breadth of Column ( y - dir) = 2.800 m

Off set = 0.200 m

Clear Cover = 75 mm

Depth of FL below GL = 2.000 m

Density of Concrete for Design = 24.0 KN /m3

Density of Soil for design = 18.0 KN /m3

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Minimum Contact area allowed = 67 %

Grade of Concrete in Footing = 30

Design Parameter, j = = 0.889
Design Parameter Q, = = 1.481 N/mm2

Volume of the Footing = 40.73 m3

Volume of Soil above Footing = 43.77 m3
Weight of Footing
=40.73×24 = 977.6 KN
SBC (NET) = 100 t/m2
Base Area of Footing = 42.25 m2
Geomerty of Footing:
Section d away falls inside the footing in the x direction
Section d away falls Inside the footing in the y direction

Depth at the d away

x direction = 1042 m
y direction = 779 m
ML MT
Load Vert.Load Load at Mx My Material ex / Lx ey / ly
Case Top of base Due to Due to Stress fac.
Footing X Force Y Force
KN KN KN m KN m
101 4435 5412 1719 2900 1.15 0.049 0.082
102 3936 4913 860 8320 1.5 0.027 0.261
103 3936 4913 6318 1450 1.5 0.198 0.045

Load Stress at Intercept of NA Area % of Area

Case P1 P2 P3 P4 Xn Yn in Contact In Contact

KN / m2 KN / m2 KN / m2 KN / m2 m m m2
101 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###

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2 1

3 3

4 4

2 1
Results

d prov. Ast prov d prov. Ast prov

1415 12874 1390 7850
Load Maximum Bending Depth Ast Bending Depth Ast Shear
Case Bearing Moment Required Required Moment Required Required Force
Pressure (Sec - 1) (Sec - 1) (Sec - 1) (Sec - 3) (Sec - 2) (Sec - 3) Sec 2
KN / m2 KN m mm mm2 KN m mm mm2 KN
101 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###

Steel in X direction Provide 41 Nos Y 20 = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction Provide 25 Nos Y 20 = 7850 mm2
.
Load Shear Permiss. Shear Shear Permiss. Punching Punching Permiss.
Case Stress Stress Force Stress Stress Shear Shear Stress
Sec 2 Sec 4 Sec 4 Force Stress
N / mm2 N / mm2 KN N / mm2 N / mm2 KN N / mm2 N / mm2
101 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.01
102 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.31
103 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.31

Steel Provided:
Provide Top Steel:
Along X Provide Y 12 At 125 = Nos. 52

Along Y Provide Y 12 At 125 = Nos. 52

MINIMUM STEEL AT TOP OF FOOTING

Along X Direction

3200 1650

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1 1000

1 500

6500

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Min. area of steel required = 0.06 %

Provide Spacing Ast

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Remark
provided
from 1-1 Available f
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1197 718 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

Along Y Direction
1200 2650

3 1000

3 500
6500

Provide Spacing Ast

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Remark
provided
from 3-3 Available f
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1311 787 12 125 904 SAFE
600 1274 764 12 125 904 SAFE
750 1217 730 12 125 904 SAFE
2650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

Detailing
Length in Y direction is Greater than Length of Footing in X Direction
Steel in X Direction is made in Bands

Steel in X direction = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction = 7850 mm2

b =6.500/6.500 = 1.000

2 =2/(1.000+1) = 1.00
b+1

Steel in X direction is Banded

Reinforcement in central band =1.00×12874 = 12874 mm2
Reinforcement in Outer bands = 0 mm2

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Details of Design:
Face of Column
2850
L2 =
1200 2650
2

1 1000
1500
D3 b1
D1
1 500

2 L= 6500 X
Section 3-3

d1
2 1

L2

B1 2800
B2
800
3 3

d2

4 2 1 4

L1
PLAN

B2 = 1850
3200 1650
4
3
b2
d4
3

4 B = 6500 Y
Section 1-1

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L = 6500 = 6.500 m.
B = 6500 = 6.500 m

D1 = 500 = 0.500 m
D2 = 1500 = 1.500 m
Dt = 1000 = 1.000 m

L2 = 1200 = 1.200 m.
B2 = 3200 = 3.200 m

L col = 800 = 0.800 m.

B Col = 2800 = 2.800 m

Offset at face of column = 200 = 0.200 m

Area of Footing at base of pier =1.200×3.200 = 3.840 m2

Area of Footing at base =6.500×6.500 = 42.250 m2

Volume of Top Part of Footing = h/3 ( A1 + A2 + ( A1 A2)0.5 )

=1.000/3×(3.840+42.250+(3.840×42.250)^0.5) = 19.609 m3

Volume of base of footing =42.250×0.500 = 21.125 m3

Total Volume =19.609+21.125 = 40.73 m3

tan b1 = 1000 = 0.377

(along L) 2650

tan b2 = 1000 = 0.606

(along B) 1650

Clear Cover = 75 mm.

Cover for bars along X direction = 10 mm.
Cover for bars along Y direction = 35 mm.

Eff. depth at face of pier (along L), d1 =1500-75-10 = 1415 mm.

Eff. depth at face of pier (along B), d2 =1500-75-35 = 1390 mm.

d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

Total depth available at d from face of pier, D3, along X direction - Section 2-2

=(1000/2650)×(2850-1415)+500 = 1042 mm.

Effective depth at d away from face of pier , d3 (along X)

=1042-75-10 = 957 mm.

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d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

Total depth available at d from face of pier, D4, along Y direction - Section 4-4

=(1000/1650)×(1850-1390)+500 = 779 mm.

Effective depth at d away from face of pier , d4, Along Y

=779-75-35 = 669 mm

L1 =1200+(6500-1200)×(1390-200)/1650 = 5022 mm

B1 =3200+(6500-3200)×(1415-200)/2650 = 4713 mm

Depth of founding level from ground level = 2.0 m

Weight of Footing =40.73×24.0 = 978 KN

Volume of soil filling above the footing

=6.500×6.500×2.0-40.73 = 43.77 m3

Wt. of soil filling above the footing =43.77×18.0 = 788 KN

Total wt. of footing + soil above

=978+788-0.800×2.800×(2.000-1.500)×24.0 = 1739 KN

Load Stress at Intercept of NA

Case P1 P2 P3 P4 Xn Yn
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 m m
101 ### ### ### ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ###

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Minimum contact area allowable = 67.0 %

Load Area in % of Area Remark

Case Contact In Contact
m2
101 ### ### ###
102 ### ### ###
103 ### ### ###
104 ### ### ###
105 ### ### ###
106 ### ### ###
107 ### ### ###
108 ### ### ###
109 ### ### ###
110 ### ### ###
111 ### ### ###
112 ### ### ###

Y Direction
P23 P32
P2 PF dL P3

P21 PB dB
P34
PE PA PG
PC
P43
P12 PD

P1 PH P4
P14 P41

X Direction
Stress at
PA =0.5( P14 + P23 ) PB =0.5 ( P21 + P34 )
PC =0.5( P32 + P41 ) PD =0.5 ( P12 + P43 )
PE =0.5( P1 + P2 ) PF =0.5 ( P2 + P3 )
PG =0.5 ( P3 + P4) PH =0.5 ( P1 + P4 )

P12 = P1 - (P1-P2)/B × dB P23 = P2 - (P2-P3)/L × dL

P21 = P2 + (P1-P2)/B × dB P32 = P3 + (P2-P3)/L × dL

P34 = P4 - (P4-P3)/B × dB P14 = P1 - (P1-P4)/L × dL

P43 = P3 + (P4-P3)/B × dB P41 = P4 + (P1-P4)/L × dL

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PRESSURES AT VARIOUS POINTS

Load P12 P21 P23 P32 P34 P43 P41 P14

Case
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2
101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Load P'A P'B P' C P' D P' E P' F P' G P' H

Case KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2

101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Self wt. of footing + soil = 1739 KN.

Area at base of footing = 42.25 m2

Pressure at 4 corners of the footing =1739/42.25 = 41.15 KN/m2

Net pressure at the four corners of footing

= Pressure due to load & moment - 41.15
P = P' - 41.15 KN/m2

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Load NET STRESS

Case PA PB PC PD PE PF PG PH
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2
101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Estimation of Bending Moments and Shear Forces At Sections:

Loading due to Soil + Self Weight

Footing

Reaction Pressure from

External Loads+ Soil + Self Wt.

Hence for the estimation of the Sectional Bending Moments and Shear Forces, The
net pressure is used.
From the above pressure values it can be seen that max moment & shear is caused due to
PA & PE not PC & PG & that max moment & shear is caused due to PD & PH not PF & PB

CALCULATION OF B.M's & S.F's ALONG X - Direction

SECTION 1 - 1
Face of Pier PE
PJ
PA

1.415 1.435
2.850

B.M at Face of pier / unit width

= PA × 0.5 × 2.850^2 + ( PE - PA ) × 0.5×2.850×2.850×2/3
= 4.061 PA + 2.708 ( PE -PA )
= 1.354 PA + 2.71 PE

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Pressure at J (d1 away from face of pier) = PA + ( PE - PA) × 1.415/2.850

= PA + ( PE - PA) × 0.496
= 0.504 PA + 0.496 PE
Width of Footing available for resisting bending, b
= column width + 2 x offset = 3200 mm.
Effective depth available at face of pier (along L) , d1 = 1415 mm.

SECTION 2 - 2
d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

B.M at d1 away from face of pier / unit width

= 0.5×1.435^2 PJ + 0.5×1.435^2×2/3 ( PE - PJ)
= 1.030 PJ + 0.686 (PE - PJ )
= 0.343 PJ + 0.686 PE
= 0.343×0.504 PA + 0.343×0.496 PE + 0.686 PE
= 0.173 PA + 0.170 PE + 0.686 PE
= 0.173 PA + 0.857 PE

S.F / unit width at d1 away from face of pier

= J x 1.435 + (E-J) x 1.435
2
- M tan b1
d3
= 1.435 PJ + 0.5×1.435 ( PE - PJ ) - M × 0.377/(957/1000)

= 1.435 PJ + 0.718 ( PE - PJ ) - M × 0.395

= 1.435 PJ + 0.718 PE - 0.718 PJ
- 0.395 ( PA × 0.173 + PE 0.857 )
= 0.718 PJ + 0.718 PE
- PA × 0.068 - PE × 0.338

= 0.718 ( PA × 0.504 + PE × 0.496 )+

0.718 PE - PA × 0.068 - PE × 0.338

= 0.718×0.504-0.068 PA + 0.718×0.496+0.718-0.338 PE
= 0.293 A + 0.736 E

Total S.F at d1 away from face of pier

= 0.293×6.500 PA + 0.736×6.500 PE
= 1.905 PA + 4.782 PE

Shear area effective at d1 away from face of pier, As1

= B1 × d3 =4713×957/1000000 = 4.508 m2

Shear stress at d1 away from face of pier = S.F = S.F

As1 4.508

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CALCULATION OF B.M's & S.F's ALONG Y Direction

SECTION 3 - 3
PH
PK
PD

1.390 0.460
1.850

B.M at Face of pier / unit width = 0.5×1.850^2 PD + 0.5×1.850×2/3×1.850 ( H - D )

= 1.711 PD + 1.141 ( H - D )
= 0.570 PD + 1.141 PH

Pressure at K (d2 away from face of pier)

= PD + 1.390/1.850 ( PH - PD )
= PD + 0.751 ( PH - PD)
= 0.249 PD + 0.751 PH

Width of Footing available for resisting bending, b

= column width + 2 x offset = 1200 mm.
Effective depth available at face of pier (along B), d2 = 1390 mm.

SECTION 4 - 4
d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

B.M at d2 away from face of pier / unit width, M

= 0.5×0.460^2 PK + 0.5×0.460×2/3×0.460 ( PH - PK )
= 0.106 PK + 0.071 (PH - PK)
= 0.035 PK + 0.071 PH
= 0.035×0.249 PD + 0.035×0.751+0.071 PH
= 0.009 PD + 0.097 H

S.F / unit width at d2 away from face of pier

= 0.460 PK + 0.5×0.460 ( PH - PK )
-M × 0.606/(669/1000)

= 0.460 PK + 0.230 (PH - PK )

-M× 0.906

= 0.460 PK + 0.230 (PH - PK )

- 0.906 ( PD 0.009 + 0.097 PH )

= 0.230 PK + 0.230 PH
- 0.906 ( PD 0.009 + 0.097 PH )

= 0.460×0.249+0.230×-0.249-0.906×0.009 PD +
0.230×0.751+0.230-0.562×0.097 PH
= 0.049 PD 0.348 PH

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Total S.F at d2 away from face of pier

= 0.049×6.500 PD + 0.348×6.500 PH
= 0.320 PD 2.264 PH

Shear area effective at d2 away from face of pier, As2

= L1 × d4 =5022/1000×669/1000 = 3.359 m2

Shear stress at d2 away from face of pier = S.F = S.F

As2 3.359
Design Check of Sections:

Grade of Concrete

Design Moment = Q b d2 = sst j d Ast

Design Parameters of Concrete and Steel,

Q = 1.481 N/mm2
j = 0.889

Ast reqd. = B.M / unit width

200 x 0.889 x d x increase in stress

= B.M / unit width

177.8 × d × increase in stress

Design along X
d reqd. = ( B.M x B /( 1.481 x 3200 × increase in stress ) )0.5
Design along Y
d reqd. = ( B.M x L /( 1.481 x 1200 × increase in stress ) )0.5

S.F < 2.5 N/mm2

Ac

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DESIGN ALONG "L" (SECTION 1 - 1)

d provided = 1415 mm

Load Increase BM @ dreqd Ast

Case in Face Reqd.
Stress KN m mm mm2
101 1.15 ### ### ###
102 1.50 ### ### ###
103 1.50 ### ### ###
104 1.15 ### ### ###
105 1.50 ### ### ###
106 1.50 ### ### ###
107 1.15 ### ### ###
108 1.15 ### ### ###
109 1.15 ### ### ###
110 1.15 ### ### ###
111 1.50 ### ### ###
112 1.50 ### ### ###

Min. Percentage of steel = 0.06 %

Min. area of steel =0.06/100×6500×1415 = 5519 mm2

Steel Required = #MACRO? mm2

Provide 41 Nos Y 20 =41×3.14×(20/2)^2 = 12874 mm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR ALONG L (SECTION 2 - 2)

d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

Permissible shear Stress in Concrete beams without shear reinforcement

% of Steel Provided =12874/(957×6500)×100 = 0.2 %

Permissible Shear Stress tc, Table 12B = Err:511 Mpa

Load SF @ S.F / As tc Remark

d from
Case
face
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### Err:511 ###
102 ### ### Err:511 ###
103 ### ### Err:511 ###
104 ### ### Err:511 ###
105 ### ### Err:511 ###
106 ### ### Err:511 ###
107 ### ### Err:511 ###
108 ### ### Err:511 ###
109 ### ### Err:511 ###
110 ### ### Err:511 ###
111 ### ### Err:511 ###
112 ### ### Err:511 ###

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DESIGN ALONG "B"

Bending - Section 3-3

Load Increase BM @ dreqd Ast

Case in Face Reqd.
Stress KN m mm mm2 / m
101 1.150 ### ### ###
102 1.500 ### ### ###
103 1.500 ### ### ###
104 1.150 ### ### ###
105 1.500 ### ### ###
106 1.500 ### ### ###
107 1.150 ### ### ###
108 1.150 ### ### ###
109 1.150 ### ### ###
110 1.150 ### ### ###
111 1.500 ### ### ###
112 1.500 ### ### ###

Min. Percentage of steel = 0.06 %

Min. area of steel =0.06/100×6500×1390 = 5421 mm2

Steel Required = #MACRO? mm2

Provide 25 Nos Y 20 =25×3.14×(20/2)^2 = 7850 mm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR ALONG Y (SECTION 4 - 4)

d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

Permissible shear Stress in Concrete beams without shear reinforcement

% of Steel Provided =7850/(5022×669)×100 = 0.23 %

Permissible Shear Stress tc, Table 12B = Err:511 Mpa

Load S.F @ S.F / As tc Remark

d from
Case
Face
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### Err:511 ###
102 ### ### Err:511 ###
103 ### ### Err:511 ###
104 ### ### Err:511 ###
105 ### ### Err:511 ###
106 ### ### Err:511 ###
107 ### ### Err:511 ###
108 ### ### Err:511 ###
109 ### ### Err:511 ###
110 ### ### Err:511 ###
111 ### ### Err:511 ###

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112 ### ### Err:511 ###

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CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR

Checked at dist. d/2 from face of pier

Area of footing at base = 42.25 m2

Area available at d/2 away from face of pier

=(800+1415)×(2800+1415) = 9336225 mm2
= 9.336 m2
Area effective in carrying punching shear,

Ap = 42.25 - 9.34 = 32.91 m2

Wt. of footing + soil above

= 978 + 788 = 1765 KN

Pressure at base of footing due to self wt. of footing + soil

=1765/42.25 = 41.78 KN /m2

Punching shear, Vp

= ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 ) x 32.91 - 41.78 x 32.91

4
= ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 ) x 8.23 - 1375.3

Total depth available at d/2 away from face of pier

(along L) =1000/2650×(2650+200-1415/2)+500 = 1308 mm

Effective depth available at d/2 away from face of pier (along L)

=1308-75-10 = 1223 mm

Total depth available at d/2 away from face of pier

( along B ) =1000/1650×(1650+200-1415/2)+500 = 1192 mm.

Effective depth available at d/2 away from face of pier (along B)

=1192-75-35 = 1082 mm.

Average depth at dist. d/2 away from face of pier, davg

=(1223+1082)/2 = 1153 mm.

Area resisting punching shear, Aps

=2×(800+1415/2+2800+1415/2)×1153/1000000 = 11.56 m2
Punching shear stress
tcp = Vp = Vp
Aps 11.56

Allowable punching shear stress = 0.16 (fck)0.5

=0.16×(30)^0.5 = 0.88 N/mm2

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Load Punching tcp Allowable Remark

Case Shear Vp
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
102 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
103 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
104 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
105 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
106 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
107 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
108 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
109 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
110 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
111 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
112 ### ### ### 1.31 ###

MINIMUM STEEL AT TOP OF FOOTING

Along X Direction

3200 1650

1 1000

1 500

6500

Min. area of steel required = 0.06 %

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Provide Spacing Ast Remark

from 1-1 Available f Provided
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1197 718 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

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Along Y Direction
1200 2650

3 1000

3 500
6500

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Provide Spacing Ast Remark

from 3-3 Available f Provided
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1311 787 12 125 904 SAFE
600 1274 764 12 125 904 SAFE
750 1217 730 12 125 904 SAFE
2650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

Detailing
Length in Y direction is Greater than Length of Footing in X Direction
Steel in X Direction is made in Bands

Steel in X direction = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction = 7850 mm2

b =6.500/6.500 = 1.000

2 =2/(1.000+1) = 1.00
b+1

Steel in X direction is Banded

Reinforcement in central band =1.00×12874 = 12874 mm2
Reinforcement in Outer bands = 0 mm2

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Footing Dimensions

15.000

10.000
y

5.000

0.000
0.000 5.000 x 10.000 15.000

5
4
4
3
3

2 2

1
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Length of Footing ( x - dir) = 6.000 m

Breadth of Footing (y - dir) = 8.000 m
Depth at edge = 0.400 m
Depth at Face of Column = 0.900 m

Length of Column (x dir) = 1.774 m

Breadth of Column ( y - dir) = 1.774 m

Off set = 0.200 m

Clear Cover = 75 mm

Depth of FL below GL = 2.000 m

Density of Concrete for Design = 24.0 KN /m3

Density of Soil for design = 18.0 KN /m3

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Minimum Contact area allowed = 80 %

Grade of Concrete in Footing = 30

Design Parameter, j = = 0.889
Design Parameter Q, = = 1.481 N/mm2

Volume of the Footing = 40.73 m3

Volume of Soil above Footing = 43.77 m3
Weight of Footing
=40.73×24 = 977.6 KN
SBC (NET) = 60 t/m2
Base Area of Footing = 48.00 m2
Geomerty of Footing:
Section d away falls inside the footing in the x direction
Section d away falls Inside the footing in the y direction

Depth at the d away

x direction = 1042 m
y direction = 779 m
ML MT
Load Vert.Load Load at Mx My Material ex / Lx ey / ly
Case Top of base Due to Due to Stress fac.
Footing X Force Y Force
KN KN KN m KN m
101 5743 6721 3250 1759 1 0.081 0.033
102 5184 6162 7504 880 1.5 0.203 0.018
103 5184 6162 1625 6118 1.5 0.044 0.124

Load Stress at Intercept of NA Area % of Area

Case P1 P2 P3 P4 Xn Yn in Contact In Contact

KN / m2 KN / m2 KN / m2 KN / m2 m m m2
101 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###

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2 1

3 3

4 4

2 1
Results

d prov. Ast prov d prov. Ast prov

1415 12874 1390 7850
Load Maximum Bending Depth Ast Bending Depth Ast Shear
Case Bearing Moment Required Required Moment Required Required Force
Pressure (Sec - 1) (Sec - 1) (Sec - 1) (Sec - 3) (Sec - 2) (Sec - 3) Sec 2
KN / m2 KN m mm mm2 KN m mm mm2 KN
101 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ### ### ###

Steel in X direction Provide 20 Nos Y 20 = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction Provide 20 Nos Y 20 = 7850 mm2
.
Load Shear Permiss. Shear Shear Permiss. Punching Punching Permiss.
Case Stress Stress Force Stress Stress Shear Shear Stress
Sec 2 Sec 4 Sec 4 Force Stress
N / mm2 N / mm2 KN N / mm2 N / mm2 KN N / mm2 N / mm2
101 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.01
102 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.31
103 ### Err:511 ### ### Err:511 ### ### 1.31

Steel Provided:
Provide Top Steel:
Along X Provide Y 12 At 140 = Nos. 57

Along Y Provide Y 12 At 140 = Nos. 42

MINIMUM STEEL AT TOP OF FOOTING

Along X Direction

3200 1650

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1 1000

1 500

6500

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Min. area of steel required = 0.06 %

Provide Spacing Ast

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Remark
provided
from 1-1 Available f
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 140 904 SAFE

500 1197 718 12 140 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 140 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 140 904 SAFE
1650 500 300 12 140 904 SAFE

Along Y Direction
1200 2650

3 1000

3 500
6500

Provide Spacing Ast

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Remark
provided
from 3-3 Available f
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 140 904 SAFE

500 1311 787 12 140 904 SAFE
600 1274 764 12 140 904 SAFE
750 1217 730 12 140 904 SAFE
2650 500 300 12 140 904 SAFE

Detailing
Length in Y direction is Greater than Length of Footing in X Direction
Steel in X Direction is made in Bands

Steel in X direction = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction = 7850 mm2

b =6.500/6.500 = 1.000

2 =2/(1.000+1) = 1.00
b+1

Steel in X direction is Banded

Reinforcement in central band =1.00×12874 = 12874 mm2
Reinforcement in Outer bands = 0 mm2

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Details of Design:
Face of Column
2850
L2 =
1200 2650
2

1 1000
1500
D3 b1
D1
1 500

2 L= 6500 X
Section 3-3

d1
2 1

L2

B1 2800
B2
800
3 3

d2

4 2 1 4

L1
PLAN

B2 = 1850
3200 1650
4
3
b2
d4
3

4 B = 6500 Y
Section 1-1

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L = 6500 = 6.500 m.
B = 6500 = 6.500 m

D1 = 500 = 0.500 m
D2 = 1500 = 1.500 m
Dt = 1000 = 1.000 m

L2 = 1200 = 1.200 m.
B2 = 3200 = 3.200 m

L col = 800 = 0.800 m.

B Col = 2800 = 2.800 m

Offset at face of column = 200 = 0.200 m

Area of Footing at base of pier =1.200×3.200 = 3.840 m2

Area of Footing at base =6.500×6.500 = 42.250 m2

Volume of Top Part of Footing = h/3 ( A1 + A2 + ( A1 A2)0.5 )

=1.000/3×(3.840+42.250+(3.840×42.250)^0.5) = 19.609 m3

Volume of base of footing =42.250×0.500 = 21.125 m3

Total Volume =19.609+21.125 = 40.73 m3

tan b1 = 1000 = 0.377

(along L) 2650

tan b2 = 1000 = 0.606

(along B) 1650

Clear Cover = 75 mm.

Cover for bars along X direction = 10 mm.
Cover for bars along Y direction = 35 mm.

Eff. depth at face of pier (along L), d1 =1500-75-10 = 1415 mm.

Eff. depth at face of pier (along B), d2 =1500-75-35 = 1390 mm.

d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

Total depth available at d from face of pier, D3, along X direction - Section 2-2

=(1000/2650)×(2850-1415)+500 = 1042 mm.

Effective depth at d away from face of pier , d3 (along X)

=1042-75-10 = 957 mm.

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d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

Total depth available at d from face of pier, D4, along Y direction - Section 4-4

=(1000/1650)×(1850-1390)+500 = 779 mm.

Effective depth at d away from face of pier , d4, Along Y

=779-75-35 = 669 mm

L1 =1200+(6500-1200)×(1390-200)/1650 = 5022 mm

B1 =3200+(6500-3200)×(1415-200)/2650 = 4713 mm

Depth of founding level from ground level = 2.0 m

Weight of Footing =40.73×24.0 = 978 KN

Volume of soil filling above the footing

=6.500×6.500×2.0-40.73 = 43.77 m3

Wt. of soil filling above the footing =43.77×18.0 = 788 KN

Total wt. of footing + soil above

=978+788-0.800×2.800×(2.000-1.500)×24.0 = 1739 KN

Load Stress at Intercept of NA

Case P1 P2 P3 P4 Xn Yn
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 m m
101 ### ### ### ### ### ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ###

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Minimum contact area allowable = 67.0 %

Load Area in % of Area Remark

Case Contact In Contact
m2
101 ### ### ###
102 ### ### ###
103 ### ### ###
104 ### ### ###
105 ### ### ###
106 ### ### ###
107 ### ### ###
108 ### ### ###
109 ### ### ###
110 ### ### ###
111 ### ### ###
112 ### ### ###

Y Direction
P23 P32
P2 PF dL P3

P21 PB dB
P34
PE PA PG
PC
P43
P12 PD

P1 PH P4
P14 P41

X Direction
Stress at
PA =0.5( P14 + P23 ) PB =0.5 ( P21 + P34 )
PC =0.5( P32 + P41 ) PD =0.5 ( P12 + P43 )
PE =0.5( P1 + P2 ) PF =0.5 ( P2 + P3 )
PG =0.5 ( P3 + P4) PH =0.5 ( P1 + P4 )

P12 = P1 - (P1-P2)/B × dB P23 = P2 - (P2-P3)/L × dL

P21 = P2 + (P1-P2)/B × dB P32 = P3 + (P2-P3)/L × dL

P34 = P4 - (P4-P3)/B × dB P14 = P1 - (P1-P4)/L × dL

P43 = P3 + (P4-P3)/B × dB P41 = P4 + (P1-P4)/L × dL

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PRESSURES AT VARIOUS POINTS

Load P12 P21 P23 P32 P34 P43 P41 P14

Case
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2
101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Load P'A P'B P' C P' D P' E P' F P' G P' H

Case KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2

101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Self wt. of footing + soil = 1739 KN.

Area at base of footing = 42.25 m2

Pressure at 4 corners of the footing =1739/42.25 = 41.15 KN/m2

Net pressure at the four corners of footing

= Pressure due to load & moment - 41.15
P = P' - 41.15 KN/m2

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Load NET STRESS

Case PA PB PC PD PE PF PG PH
KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2
101 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
102 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
103 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
104 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
105 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
106 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
107 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
108 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
109 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
110 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
111 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###
112 ### ### ### ### ### ### #MACRO? ###

Estimation of Bending Moments and Shear Forces At Sections:

Loading due to Soil + Self Weight

Footing

Reaction Pressure from

External Loads+ Soil + Self Wt.

Hence for the estimation of the Sectional Bending Moments and Shear Forces, The
net pressure is used.
From the above pressure values it can be seen that max moment & shear is caused due to
PA & PE not PC & PG & that max moment & shear is caused due to PD & PH not PF & PB

CALCULATION OF B.M's & S.F's ALONG X - Direction

SECTION 1 - 1
Face of Pier PE
PJ
PA

1.415 1.435
2.850

B.M at Face of pier / unit width

= PA × 0.5 × 2.850^2 + ( PE - PA ) × 0.5×2.850×2.850×2/3
= 4.061 PA + 2.708 ( PE -PA )
= 1.354 PA + 2.71 PE

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Pressure at J (d1 away from face of pier) = PA + ( PE - PA) × 1.415/2.850

= PA + ( PE - PA) × 0.496
= 0.504 PA + 0.496 PE
Width of Footing available for resisting bending, b
= column width + 2 x offset = 3200 mm.
Effective depth available at face of pier (along L) , d1 = 1415 mm.

SECTION 2 - 2
d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

B.M at d1 away from face of pier / unit width

= 0.5×1.435^2 PJ + 0.5×1.435^2×2/3 ( PE - PJ)
= 1.030 PJ + 0.686 (PE - PJ )
= 0.343 PJ + 0.686 PE
= 0.343×0.504 PA + 0.343×0.496 PE + 0.686 PE
= 0.173 PA + 0.170 PE + 0.686 PE
= 0.173 PA + 0.857 PE

S.F / unit width at d1 away from face of pier

= J x 1.435 + (E-J) x 1.435
2
- M tan b1
d3
= 1.435 PJ + 0.5×1.435 ( PE - PJ ) - M × 0.377/(957/1000)

= 1.435 PJ + 0.718 ( PE - PJ ) - M × 0.395

= 1.435 PJ + 0.718 PE - 0.718 PJ
- 0.395 ( PA × 0.173 + PE 0.857 )
= 0.718 PJ + 0.718 PE
- PA × 0.068 - PE × 0.338

= 0.718 ( PA × 0.504 + PE × 0.496 )+

0.718 PE - PA × 0.068 - PE × 0.338

= 0.718×0.504-0.068 PA + 0.718×0.496+0.718-0.338 PE
= 0.293 A + 0.736 E

Total S.F at d1 away from face of pier

= 0.293×6.500 PA + 0.736×6.500 PE
= 1.905 PA + 4.782 PE

Shear area effective at d1 away from face of pier, As1

= B1 × d3 =4713×957/1000000 = 4.508 m2

Shear stress at d1 away from face of pier = S.F = S.F

As1 4.508

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CALCULATION OF B.M's & S.F's ALONG Y Direction

SECTION 3 - 3
PH
PK
PD

1.390 0.460
1.850

B.M at Face of pier / unit width = 0.5×1.850^2 PD + 0.5×1.850×2/3×1.850 ( H - D )

= 1.711 PD + 1.141 ( H - D )
= 0.570 PD + 1.141 PH

Pressure at K (d2 away from face of pier)

= PD + 1.390/1.850 ( PH - PD )
= PD + 0.751 ( PH - PD)
= 0.249 PD + 0.751 PH

Width of Footing available for resisting bending, b

= column width + 2 x offset = 1200 mm.
Effective depth available at face of pier (along B), d2 = 1390 mm.

SECTION 4 - 4
d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

B.M at d2 away from face of pier / unit width, M

= 0.5×0.460^2 PK + 0.5×0.460×2/3×0.460 ( PH - PK )
= 0.106 PK + 0.071 (PH - PK)
= 0.035 PK + 0.071 PH
= 0.035×0.249 PD + 0.035×0.751+0.071 PH
= 0.009 PD + 0.097 H

S.F / unit width at d2 away from face of pier

= 0.460 PK + 0.5×0.460 ( PH - PK )
-M × 0.606/(669/1000)

= 0.460 PK + 0.230 (PH - PK )

-M× 0.906

= 0.460 PK + 0.230 (PH - PK )

- 0.906 ( PD 0.009 + 0.097 PH )

= 0.230 PK + 0.230 PH
- 0.906 ( PD 0.009 + 0.097 PH )

= 0.460×0.249+0.230×-0.249-0.906×0.009 PD +
0.230×0.751+0.230-0.562×0.097 PH
= 0.049 PD 0.348 PH

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Total S.F at d2 away from face of pier

= 0.049×6.500 PD + 0.348×6.500 PH
= 0.320 PD 2.264 PH

Shear area effective at d2 away from face of pier, As2

= L1 × d4 =5022/1000×669/1000 = 3.359 m2

Shear stress at d2 away from face of pier = S.F = S.F

As2 3.359
Design Check of Sections:

Grade of Concrete

Design Moment = Q b d2 = sst j d Ast

Design Parameters of Concrete and Steel,

Q = 1.481 N/mm2
j = 0.889

Ast reqd. = B.M / unit width

200 x 0.889 x d x increase in stress

= B.M / unit width

177.8 × d × increase in stress

Design along X
d reqd. = ( B.M x B /( 1.481 x 3200 × increase in stress ) )0.5
Design along Y
d reqd. = ( B.M x L /( 1.481 x 1200 × increase in stress ) )0.5

S.F < 2.5 N/mm2

Ac

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DESIGN ALONG "L" (SECTION 1 - 1)

d provided = 1415 mm

Load Increase BM @ dreqd Ast

Case in Face Reqd.
Stress KN m mm mm2
101 1.15 ### ### ###
102 1.50 ### ### ###
103 1.50 ### ### ###
104 1.15 ### ### ###
105 1.50 ### ### ###
106 1.50 ### ### ###
107 1.15 ### ### ###
108 1.15 ### ### ###
109 1.15 ### ### ###
110 1.15 ### ### ###
111 1.50 ### ### ###
112 1.50 ### ### ###

Min. Percentage of steel = 0.06 %

Min. area of steel =0.06/100×6500×1415 = 5519 mm2

Steel Required = #MACRO? mm2

Provide 41 Nos Y 20 =41×3.14×(20/2)^2 = 12874 mm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR ALONG L (SECTION 2 - 2)

d away from face of pier is Inside the footing along X - Direction

Permissible shear Stress in Concrete beams without shear reinforcement

% of Steel Provided =12874/(957×6500)×100 = 0.2 %

Permissible Shear Stress tc, Table 12B = Err:511 Mpa

Load SF @ S.F / As tc Remark

d from
Case
face
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### Err:511 ###
102 ### ### Err:511 ###
103 ### ### Err:511 ###
104 ### ### Err:511 ###
105 ### ### Err:511 ###
106 ### ### Err:511 ###
107 ### ### Err:511 ###
108 ### ### Err:511 ###
109 ### ### Err:511 ###
110 ### ### Err:511 ###
111 ### ### Err:511 ###
112 ### ### Err:511 ###

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DESIGN ALONG "B"

Bending - Section 3-3

Load Increase BM @ dreqd Ast

Case in Face Reqd.
Stress KN m mm mm2 / m
101 1.150 ### ### ###
102 1.500 ### ### ###
103 1.500 ### ### ###
104 1.150 ### ### ###
105 1.500 ### ### ###
106 1.500 ### ### ###
107 1.150 ### ### ###
108 1.150 ### ### ###
109 1.150 ### ### ###
110 1.150 ### ### ###
111 1.500 ### ### ###
112 1.500 ### ### ###

Min. Percentage of steel = 0.06 %

Min. area of steel =0.06/100×6500×1390 = 5421 mm2

Steel Required = #MACRO? mm2

Provide 25 Nos Y 20 =25×3.14×(20/2)^2 = 7850 mm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR ALONG Y (SECTION 4 - 4)

d away from face of pier is inside the footing along Y Direction

Permissible shear Stress in Concrete beams without shear reinforcement

% of Steel Provided =7850/(5022×669)×100 = 0.23 %

Permissible Shear Stress tc, Table 12B = Err:511 Mpa

Load S.F @ S.F / As tc Remark

d from
Case
Face
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### Err:511 ###
102 ### ### Err:511 ###
103 ### ### Err:511 ###
104 ### ### Err:511 ###
105 ### ### Err:511 ###
106 ### ### Err:511 ###
107 ### ### Err:511 ###
108 ### ### Err:511 ###
109 ### ### Err:511 ###
110 ### ### Err:511 ###
111 ### ### Err:511 ###

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112 ### ### Err:511 ###

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CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR

Checked at dist. d/2 from face of pier

Area of footing at base = 42.25 m2

Area available at d/2 away from face of pier

=(800+1415)×(2800+1415) = 9336225 mm2
= 9.336 m2
Area effective in carrying punching shear,

Ap = 42.25 - 9.34 = 32.91 m2

Wt. of footing + soil above

= 978 + 788 = 1765 KN

Pressure at base of footing due to self wt. of footing + soil

=1765/42.25 = 41.78 KN /m2

Punching shear, Vp

= ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 ) x 32.91 - 41.78 x 32.91

4
= ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 ) x 8.23 - 1375.3

Total depth available at d/2 away from face of pier

(along L) =1000/2650×(2650+200-1415/2)+500 = 1308 mm

Effective depth available at d/2 away from face of pier (along L)

=1308-75-10 = 1223 mm

Total depth available at d/2 away from face of pier

( along B ) =1000/1650×(1650+200-1415/2)+500 = 1192 mm.

Effective depth available at d/2 away from face of pier (along B)

=1192-75-35 = 1082 mm.

Average depth at dist. d/2 away from face of pier, davg

=(1223+1082)/2 = 1153 mm.

Area resisting punching shear, Aps

=2×(800+1415/2+2800+1415/2)×1153/1000000 = 11.56 m2
Punching shear stress
tcp = Vp = Vp
Aps 11.56

Allowable punching shear stress = 0.16 (fck)0.5

=0.16×(30)^0.5 = 0.88 N/mm2

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Load Punching tcp Allowable Remark

Case Shear Vp
KN N/mm2 N/mm2
101 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
102 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
103 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
104 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
105 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
106 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
107 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
108 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
109 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
110 ### ### ### 1.01 ###
111 ### ### ### 1.31 ###
112 ### ### ### 1.31 ###

MINIMUM STEEL AT TOP OF FOOTING

Along X Direction

3200 1650

1 1000

1 500

6500

Min. area of steel required = 0.06 %

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Provide Spacing Ast Remark

from 1-1 Available f Provided
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1197 718 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1000 894 536 12 125 904 SAFE
1650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

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Along Y Direction
1200 2650

3 1000

3 500
6500

Dist. Depth Ast reqd Provide Spacing Ast Remark

from 3-3 Available f Provided
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m

0 1500 900 12 125 904 SAFE

500 1311 787 12 125 904 SAFE
600 1274 764 12 125 904 SAFE
750 1217 730 12 125 904 SAFE
2650 500 300 12 125 904 SAFE

Detailing
Length in Y direction is Greater than Length of Footing in X Direction
Steel in X Direction is made in Bands

Steel in X direction = 12874 mm2

Steel in Y direction = 7850 mm2

b =6.500/6.500 = 1.000

2 =2/(1.000+1) = 1.00
b+1

Steel in X direction is Banded

Reinforcement in central band =1.00×12874 = 12874 mm2
Reinforcement in Outer bands = 0 mm2

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