AUTOMATIC ENGINE LOCKING SYSTEM THROUGH ALCOHOL

DETECTION FOR DRUNKEN DRIVERS

1. INTRODUCTION
Now a day's every system is automated in order to face new challenges. In the
present days Automated systems have less manual operations, flexibility, reliability
and accurate. Due to this demand every field prefers automated control systems.
Especially in the field of electronics automated systems are giving good
performance. We usually come across drink and driving cases where drunk drivers
crash their cars under the influence of alcohol causing damage to property and life.
So here we propose an innovative system to eliminate such cases. Our proposed
system would be constantly monitoring the driver breath by placing it on the driver
wheel or somewhere the driver’s breath can be constantly monitored by it. So if a
driver is drunk and tries to drive the system detects alcohol presence in his/her
breathe and locks the engine so that the vehicle fails to start. In another case if the
driver is not drunk while he starts the vehicle and engine is started but he/she drinks
while driving the sensor still detects alcohol in his breath and stops the engine so
that the car would not accelerate any further and driver can steer it to roadside. In
this system we use an AVR family microcontroller interfaced with an alcohol sensor
along with an LCD screen and a dc motor to demonstrate the concept. So here the
alcohol sensor is used to monitor uses breath and constantly sends signals to the
microcontroller. What is internet of things Internet of Things (IoT) is a eco
community of associated physical items that are available through the web. The
'thing' in IoT could be a man with a heart screen or a vehicle with worked insensors,
i.e. objects that have been appointed an IP address and can gather and exchange
information over a system without manual help or mediation. The installed
innovation in the items encourages them to connect with inward states or the outer
condition, which thus influences the choices taken.

Automatic Engine Locking System Through Alcohol Detection

Driving under the influence of alcohol has affected and killed countless of people’s
lives. If you drink and drive, not only do you possibly put yourself at risk, but your
passengers and pedestrians, and other people, who were on the roads. Just think
about that. Every thirty minutes someone’s life is cut short and families are
devastated. So, here we implemented a prototype version Alcohol Detection system
in order to control drunk and driving as much as we can. Please follow the link To
Know about Different Types of Sensors with their Applications

The Alcohol Detection system works on a simple principle, If a driver has been
drinking, the alcohol breath analyser sensor will detect the level of alcohol in the
driver’s breath and if it crosses a set threshold, an alert will come and the vehicle
engine will stop immediately. This project is designed for the safety of the people
seating inside/outside the vehicle.
Functional Design of Automatic Engine Locking System Through Alcohol
Detection

The below block diagram illustrates the automatic vehicle engine locking system
through an alcohol detection. The Microcontroller (AT89S52), alcohol detector
(MQ-3), relay motor driver IC (ULN2003) are the major prerequisites for the system
construction. The Alcohol detector sensor will be attached with our Microcontroller.

Block Diagram of Automatic engine Locking System with Alcohol Detection

The input for the Microcontroller is identified by the alcohol detector sensor through
the breath of a human. In the next scenario the levels of alcohol measured by the
sensor and compared with the set-in limits. If the set limit of consumption of alcohol
is less than the alcohol consumed by the person, the system of activating relay is
initiated which in turn activates the automatic lock on the vehicle, i.e. it stops the
motor rotation if it is in running state or it is unable to start. The system will lock the
Engine at the same time will automatically give a buzzer. By this, we can avoid
accidents by checking the driving people on the roads. Software Program for the
system developed in embedded C. ISP is used to dump the code into the
Microcontroller.

Hardware Connectivity for Alcohol Detection System

For the proposed system we designed a circuit as shown below. In the circuitry, the
connectivity issues have been shown with maximum reliability and negligible errors.
This system works with 9v DC power supply.

Circuit Diagram of Automatic Engine Locking System Through Alcohol Detection

For Drunken Drivers

Microcontroller (AT89S52)

The AT89S52 Microcontroller is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit

Microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The
device is manufactured BY Atmel, with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set
and Pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-
system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a
versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the
Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful Microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and
cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.

AT89S52 Pin Diagram

The AT89S52 Microcontroller provides the following standard features.

 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory

 Three-level Program Memory Lock
 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 Three 16-bit Timer/Counters and Watchdog Timer
 Full Duplex UART Serial Channel and Flexible ISP Programming (Byte and
Page Mode)
 Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
 Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
MQ3- Alcohol Gas Sensor

MQ3- Alcohol Gas Sensor is a low-cost semiconductor sensor which, used to detect
the presence of alcohol vapour gas at concentrations from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L. It
has high sensitivity to alcohol and has a good resistance to disturbances due to
smoke, vapour and gasoline The sensitive material used for this sensor is SnO2,
whose conductivity is lower in clean air. Its conductivity increases as the
concentration of alcohol vapour gas increases. This module provides both digital and
analog outputs.