CHANAKYA NATIONAL LAW

UNIVERSITY

A SYNOPSIS ON THE TOPIC OF

“COACHING CULTURE IN INDIA”

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Dr. Sangeet Kumar, Pratik Raj,

Faculty of Sociology, Roll No. : 1951

Chanakya National law university, Semester- 1st(first)

Patna Session : 2018-2023

Coaching Culture in India Page 1

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction to the Topic…………………………………………………………....4
1.2 Aims and Objectives………………………………………………………………...6
1.3 Research Questions………………………………………………………………….6
1.4 Hypothesis…………………………………………………………………………...6
1.5 Limitation………………………………………………………………………...….7
1.6 Review of Literature…………………………………………………………………7
1.7 Research Methodology………………………………………………………………7

2. Chapterization
2.1 Reasons for the rise of coaching culture in India……………………………………8
2.2 Benefits of coaching institute as a medium of education: A quality check on declining
education system in India……………………………………………………………….11
2.3 Negative effects of coaching institutes on feeble mindset of tenders………………13
2.4 Criticism associated with the coaching institutes with respect to recent unwanted
happenings in the country…………………………………………………………..14
2.5 Views of people on coaching institutes…………………………………………….15
2.6 Conclusion and recommendation…………………………………………………..21

Coaching Culture in India Page 2

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I place on my record, my sincere thanks to all who helped me in making this project a reality.
This project could not have been completed without the sincere efforts of my kith and kin. They
supported me in every possible way and helped me not only by providing me information but
also in the making of this project. They provided me with all the emotion and support that I
needed and they proved to be a source of my constant extrinsic motivation. This project would
have become a futile effort in their absence.

Another name that I would like to mention is that of my teacher of Sociology Dr. Sangeet Kumar
who provided me not only with technical know-how of the project but also got me through the
struggles of making a project in such a burning issue. The topic has many criticisms associated
with it but it was only because of the guidance of a real teacher which helped me in completion
of this project.

A very special thanks to my friends who were there to support me in every possible way, ranging
from aiding me in finding the relevant materials to helping me in cracking the trick of
formatting. There help was such that it would always be remembered by me.

At last I would like to thanks each and everyone who were there with me during the making of
this project and who helped me either directly or indirectly. Their immense contribution means a
lot to me and this journey would not have been possible in the absence of their tireless efforts.

THANK YOU

Coaching Culture in India Page 3

 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to the topic

This project of sociology on the topic of “Coaching culture in India” has been made keeping in
mind the characteristics that a final draft should possess.

A coaching institute acts like a substitution for conventional school and college education. It is a
place where everything is taught in a so called more detailed and explicit manner which a student
joins in order to improve his subjects. These coaching institutes charge heavy amount of money
in the name of fees for teaching exactly the same thing which a student is taught at his school.
However declining quality of school and college education is a very important reason that even
though the coaching institutes have high fees structure but students and their parents are willing
to pay the amount only for the sake of betterment of their wards. Coaching institutes have
become a very common sight not only in big cities but also in the smaller towns. In the smaller
towns where quality of education is still low and people don’t have proper supplies there is a
very common trend of migration to bigger cities for the sake of studies. Such is the impact of
coaching institutes in modern times.

Various cities in our country India are famous because of their coaching culture in variety of
courses they offer. Kota in Rajasthan is one such city where coaching culture is very prominent.
People even from big cities migrate to this place only for the sake of joining these coaching
institutes. Patna is also one such city where the coaching culture is existent and these coaching
institutes are making fortune by training the already trained students. These coaching institutes
not just manipulate rather intimidate innocent people into joining their institution modifying their
mindset only to the limited area according to which only their coaching institute could help them
in cracking various entrances.

There are many criticisms associated with these coaching institutes. They illusion the feeble
minds of tender students with the mirage of success and adverse consequences result if the
students are not able to achieve their targeted goals. They burden the students with so much of
work load that the success they achieve is not a natural success as a result of hard work, rather it
is a forced success. Sometimes even after success actually occurs, the students face major

Coaching Culture in India Page 4

physical and mental breakdown and become indifferent to emotions. All this is a direct result of
pressure exerted by the coaching institutes on these students.

A coaching institute can never attain the status, piousness and sanctity of a conventional or
traditional school or colleges. The very purpose of a coaching institute is against normal trend
and the shameful part is that it is not even ulterior but open to the understanding of common
people. The coaching institutes burden the students with studies not because they want the
student to succeed but as a result of success of a student a coaching institute would also gain
popularity which would result into direct monetary benefits. The teachers in a coaching institute
are hardcore professionals who can never be as good as a teacher of any school or any college.

However it is not that there are only wrong aspects to this scene but there are good aspects as
well. The declining quality of education in schools and colleges is very much evident in the
society and because of provisions of our supreme law it is also inevitable. In such a hullaballoo
situation these coaching institutes serve as a beacon light of education and success. They serve
as a guide for the students to crack competitive examinations as the studies in schools and
colleges are too mainstream and it would do no good to a student who has different goals. The
pattern of imparting education in coaching institutes is very well structured and designed in a
way that could possibly do its best for the students.

Concluding the introductory part we can say that in the past one decade or two India has
witnessed a massive upsurge in the field of coaching institutes. These coaching institutes serve as
better alternative for the already declining quality of education in schools and colleges. The
coaching institutes introduce its students to a system of elaborate illusions in the name of
success. The research project is going to deal with the topics of coaching institute culture in
India, its benefits and the criticism associated with it.

Coaching Culture in India Page 5

1.2 Aims and Objectives

The intention of the researcher is to study the:

(a) Reason for upsurge in coaching culture

(b) Whether they serve the purpose of education or they are against it
(c) Criticism of these institutions

1.3 Research Questions

The following research questions would be the essence of this final draft

(a) What are the reasons for rise of coaching culture in India?
(b) Can the coaching institutes serve the purpose of conventional schooling?
(c) What are the benefits of coaching institutes?
(d) What are the demerits of coaching institutes?
(e) What are the criticisms associated with these coaching institutes?
(f) What is the reason that even after so much of criticism the coaching institutes are still
flourishing in our country?

1.4 Hypothesis

In course of making of this project the researcher has referred to the burning topic of coaching
culture in India and the criticism associated with them. Readers can expect information regarding
the introduction of the culture of coaching institutes and its effect on the modern society with
respect to the subject of sociology. The researcher has also assumed the inevitable existence of
coaching institutes in India and that they impact the society in some way or the other.

Coaching Culture in India Page 6

1.5 Limitation

The research is limited to a time period of one week ranging between 25th September ,2018 to
3rd October, 2018. This final draft contains both doctrinal and non - doctrinal works in the city
of Patna. The researcher has interviewed five people who are somehow associated with the
coaching institutes either as a student or working as a part of administration.

1.6 Review of Literature

The researcher has utilized the primary and secondary sources of information in the project. The
primary sources include ground work and judicial enactments and observations. The secondary
sources are books, web journals, magazines, articles and blogs.

1.7 Research Methodology

The project has focused both on doctrinal way of research and non doctrinal way of research.

References in the project have been taken from books and web journals in an unplagiarised
manner and only for the interpretation of data. Facts can be interpreted in many ways but the root
basis of all facts remain the same. This is the reason why doctrinal method of research has also
been chosen for the making of this project.

No final draft can be complete without field work. For a topic which is a burning issue one can
not limit the project to thoughts and ideas of only oneself. Interpretation of those facts should
also be done which are the beliefs of other common people. This is the reason why non doctrinal
way of research has also been chosen. Interview of different people has been attested in this final
draft.

Coaching Culture in India Page 7

REASONS FOR THE RISE OF COACHING CULTURE IN INDIA

In this modern era where the basis of everything is scientific approach, study and education form
the root of the society. The state ever since the realization of this fact is striving hard to improve
the quality of education in the society and to make it available in each and every corner of the
country. The effort of the state is appreciable but the declining quality of education system has
become an inevitable phenomena with no improvement with the passing days. The state has
witnessed a steep fall in quality of education in the past one decade. This is the reason why
coaching culture has acquired a great pace. The traditional schools and colleges deliver very poor
quality of education thus paving way for these coaching institutes to flourish. One other
important reason is that in the race to become a superpower the standard of education in the
higher universities have become very high and so has become the level of entrance tests in these
universities. The schools and colleges are not able to provide that kind of knowledge owing to an
entirely different curriculum. In such a situation these coaching institutes provide that form of
study that a student requires in cracking these entrance examinations. There is also a common
belief in the society that if something is costly it ought to be good. The coaching institutes charge
hefty amount of money in the name of fees which gives the guardian a mindset that their child
would surely succeed if they join these coaching institutes.

Enlisting the reasons for rise of coaching culture one would come across points like,

1. Declining quality of education in traditional schools and colleges

The declining quality of education in schools and colleges is one of the most important
reason for the rise of coaching culture in the country. The coaching institutes offer a wide
variety of prepatory courses in every field like engineering, medical, law entrances and
even for post grad level courses like staff selection committee entrance test, the Union
public service commission entrance tests, etc. It is the unfortunate situation in our country
that no matter what dreams a child is in pursuit of, the schools and colleges try to drag
him/her in the mainstream system without realizing the fact that with the constantly
increasing population and thereby an ever increasing competition it is not possible for
each and every student to come out with flying colours and therefore it is very important
of many students to explore more and more opportuinities. The failure on the part of

Coaching Culture in India Page 8

 schools and colleges to realize this fact leads to adverse consequences. The adverse
consequences can sometime be even as intense as commission of suicide in case of
failure. Therefore in this otherwise situation the coaching institutes serve as safe havens
for those students who have already explored vast opportuinities and need an institute
that could fulfill their purpose.

2. The provisions of the central and state government

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution provides for right to equality. Article 16(1) provides
for equal opportuinities to every citizen of India. However on in depth interpretation of
these articles it is observed that right to equality is the right in which equality is for
equals. The government makes use of this flaw of the basic structure of the constitution
and comes up with different schemes for politics of appeasement in aspects like selection
of workforce for schools or the teaching faculties, gaining political mileage but
undermining the already declining quality of education system of our country. Recent
survey by some of the top media channels of the country have revealed that the faculty
involved in training at basic levels don’t even have the required skill set to teach. This is
a fact that the whole country is witnessing and in such a scenario the coaching institutes
are flourishing for their capacity to provide world class and educated faculties without the
fear of shackles in form of constitutional provisions.

3. Difference in curriculum at schools and colleges

The schools and colleges provide basic level of education and in now would a child be
able to crack entrances which requires a student to have technical knowledge. In such a
scenario a coaching institute acts like a flag bearer or a beacon light of success.
Traditional schooling is not an alternative of coaching institutes as rather than focusing
on unnecessary subjects and extra curricular activites, a coaching institute focuses only
on studying the important and relevant subjects. They prepare a framework which helps a
student in the long run.

Coaching Culture in India Page 9

 4. Smaller student teacher ratio
In a conventional school or college owing to the limited staff strength and large number
of students the student teacher ratio becomes minimal. As a result of which a teacher is
not able to cater to the needs of each and every student. This creates a shadow and the
education imparted is not absolute. Whereas in a coaching institute the number of
students in a class is considerably less and therefore a teacher is able to provide special
attention and attend to different needs of different students. The prevalent situation in our
country is such that teachers themselves are not interested in teaching at schools and
colleges and insist their students to join their personalized coaching institutes. The
students in order to have a better learning experience join these institutes and this is also
one of the many reasons why coaching culture is flourishing in our country.

5. Emoluments and moentary reasons

In general, money is something that everyone wants to grab the hold of. However there is
also a belief that anything which is costly is superior than its price effective counterparts.
As a matter of facts any coaching institute any day charges much more money in form of
fees as compared to any school or college. Even the people are willing to pay this amount
in anticipation of better and more exclusive educational services. The coaching institutes
offer wide range of packages depending on the needs of an individual in contrary to the
system of education at schools which is of a binding nature.

Coaching Culture in India Page 10

 BENEFITS OF COACHING INSTITUE AS A MEDIUM OF
LEARNING
A QUALITY CHECK ON THE DECLINING EDUCATION SYSTEM OF INDIA

As the project has already dealt with the topic of reasons of rise in coaching culture in India, the
discussion would further move on to the topics as to what benefits do these coaching institutes
have in shaping the future of pillars of our generation. As from the above set of facts it is evident
that the education system in our country is at its all time low and is slowly becoming an
inevitable scene therefore the coaching institutes with the help of shrewd business mindset have
carved out their space in the society. Even though many criticisms are associated with the
coaching institutes in our country because of the professionalism and privatization they have
brought in the education system but their contribution to the falling school education system
cannot be overlooked. It is very safe to assume that it is because of the coaching institutes that
students studying at good national universities are those students who actually deserve to study
there. A coaching institute does not train a child in his basic learning process but the
responsibility of advanced learning process of a student is burdened on the shoulders of these
coaching institutes.

Elaborating the points on benefits of the coaching institutes we have,

1. The first and the foremost point is that rising coaching culture in India would exercise
effective control over the declining education system of our country. One cannot
neglect studies only because the primary source of studies, ie. The schools are not
efficient. This is an excuse that would not last long and a student would end up in an
undesirable situation. Therefore in order to avoid such an undesirable situation
coaching institutes go out of their way to help a student. They provide immense
support in shaping the career of a student. Blacklisting a coaching institute only
because of the stereotypes associated with them would be unfair. As a matter of fact,
they serve as a quality check on declining education system in India.

Coaching Culture in India Page 11

 2. The coaching institutes provide specialized packages which aims at the goal that a
student admires to achieve. Instead of engaging a student in unnecessary activities
and burdening him by exposing him to a big syllabus, a coaching institute focuses
only on the part that would benefit a student. This reduction in work load leads to
increase in accuracy and efficiency of a student because then a student gets much
more time to focus on the relevant topics. The topics that would help him in achieving
his desired goals. Though the critics say that this is an attempt to lure the students and
this serves as a way of amassing of wealth for the coaching institutes but we cannot
altogether deny the positive effects it has on the career of a student.

3. The ratio of teacher and students in a classroom of any coaching institute is also one
of the benefaction of these coaching institutes. In a conventional school or college
owing to the limited staff strength and large number of students the student teacher
ratio becomes minimal. As a result of which a teacher is not able to cater to the needs
of each and every student. This creates a shadow and the education imparted is not
absolute. Whereas in a coaching institute the number of students in a class is
considerably less and therefore a teacher is able to provide special attention and
attend to different needs of different students. The prevalent situation in our country
is such that teachers themselves are not interested in teaching at schools and colleges
and insist their students to join their personalized coaching institutes. The students in
order to have a better learning experience join these institutes and this is also one of
the many reasons why coaching culture is flourishing in our country.

4. The coaching institutes provide commendable teching faculty and most of the times
the faculty consist of people who have actually gone through the process of
preparation of that particular entrance exam, the foundation of the coaching is laid on
which. For example, in any engineering coaching institute in India one would find an
IITian or a NITian as the teaching faculty. Also in any law coaching institute one
would find a National Law School grad as a teacher.

Coaching Culture in India Page 12

 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF COACHING INSTITUTES

The pros of coaching institutes are many. However that does not rule out the fact that it does not
have any demerits. In practical terms it does have demerits and these effects are a by product of
the merits only. As someone has rightly said, “excess of anything is bad”. Taking a deeper look
into the existence of these coaching institutes one comes across points like

1. The coaching institutes are but a source of income for its establishment authority. In
order to survive in the market, where there is too much of competition one must throttle
at his fullest in order not to lose the race. So when we talk about competition in coaching
industry there are millions of coaching institute with a majority of students studying in at
least one of these. Therefore in order to attract more and more students and to defeat the
rivals for the sake of survival these coaching institutes exert a lot of pressure on their
students to excel. Sometimes it has positive effects but most of the times it leads to
negative impact on the student. For example, even after studying very hard if a student is
not able to perform well, he is demoralized to such an extent that he could resort to grave
options like suicide. Performance pressure is one of the biggest reason of suicide among
the young generation.
2. The coaching institutes charge a fortune in the name of fees. People from economically
weaker sections find it hard to pay so much of money for something that would not even
get them a grad degree. People from educationally backward classes are attracted by
these coaching institutes because of their lack of knowledge and they put in their best
efforts irrespective of the economical status they have, to pay the fees of these coaching
institutes. After so much of struggle when a student is not able to perform well it creates a
depressing situation, not only for the student but also for his family members.
3. The coaching institutes are also blamed for their introduction of professionalism to the
education sector. Coaching institutes are ruining the school education system. School has
its own importance and the shoe of a school would never fit in a coaching institute. A
school is responsible for basic and all round development of a student.

Coaching Culture in India Page 13

 CRITICISM ASSOCIATED WITH THE COACHING
INSTITUTES

One of the biggest criticism associated with the coaching institutes is that the immense pressure
it exerts on the students for excelling in their studies has resulted in very otherwise happenings.

A deeper analysis of news and web journals exposed the researcher to facts like,

Post the commission of suicide by the medical aspirant from Buldhana Region in Maharashtra,
studying at Kota, Rajasthan it was observed that this was the 13th suicide this year as a result of
performance pressure among the students. Around 1.5-2 Lakh students arrive in Kota for the
preparation of Medical or Engineering entrance test. It is obvious that each and every one of
them are not able to qualify the entrance test. In such sheer competitive pressure the students
resort to severe steps like suicide.1

Between 2013 and 2017, 58 medical aspirants, from Kota alone, committed suicide as per the
stats gathered by district administration.

Such facts prove that the criticism associated with these coaching institutes are in fact true.

Because of flourishing coaching culture, people have neglected some very important aspects like,

(i) For every 10,000 techinal degree seats, around 13,00,000 students compete every
year.
(ii) Burden exerted by coaching classes because of their odd class timings and
unnecessarily long class durations leaving a student with no time for self studies.
(iii) Ignorance to exploration of job oppotuinities which are generally not portrayed by
these coaching institutes.
(iv) Parents forcing their children to opt engineering and medical as a result from
attraction from coaching institutes and owing to their ignorance.

1
Ref. www.hindustantimes.com/india-news

Coaching Culture in India Page 14

 VIEWS OF PEOPLE

For the purpose of interview of people, following questionnaire has been prepared:

THE QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

2. What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?

3. Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

4. What are your personal views on these coaching institute?

With the help of questions in the above questionnaire attempt has been made to make the stand
of common people more clear.

Coaching Culture in India Page 15

 FIRST INTERVIEWEE

Name : Sanjay Kumar Giri

Current Status : Advocate, Patna High Court (Ex GP No. 9 with the Government of Bihar)

Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

Yes as a matter of fact the coaching institutes do serve as an alternative to the system of
learning and education process of a school.

What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?

The pros of the coaching institute is obviously its over qualified teaching faculty. As far as
cons are considered, I don’t find any in them.

Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

Even though coaching institutes serve a major purpose but their existence is not inevitable since
the society functioned even before the existence of coaching institutes and the education system
has started declining only after introduction of alternative measures.

What are your personal views on these coaching institute?

The coaching system is a blessing for today’s society but strict norms and regulations should be
framed and it should be made sure that they are adhered to.

Coaching Culture in India Page 16

 SECOND INTERVIEWEE

Name : Gaurav Agrawal

Current Status : Preparing for law entrance test from renowned coaching institute in Patna

Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

coaching institutes are involved in imparting education but they can never fulfill the needs
catered by the schools.

What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?
The attractive deals of coaching institutes are nice. The lengthy classes on a regular
basis surely is a con.

Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

Yes the existence of coaching institute in today’s society is inevitable.

What are your personal views on these coaching institute?

the coaching institutes are important because the present time is such that it has become
impossible to compete without the help of coaching institutes. This I’ve experienced as a
student of coaching institute.

Coaching Culture in India Page 17

 THIRD INTERVIEWEE

Name : Prabhakar Pahepuri

Current Status : Studying Law at Singhad Law College, Pune (Ex Student of a renowned
Coaching Institute in Patna)

Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

No the coaching institutes are not an alternative of conventional schooling

What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?
According to me, coaching culture has tainted the aura of schooling system and is doing
no good to the society.

Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

The coaching institutes are not inevitable however they have been made so by the
advertising done in the name of education

What are your personal views on these coaching institute?

According to me coaching culture if not abolished, should be minimized and conventional

schooling should be glorified as they form the root basis of the students at a very young age
itself.

Coaching Culture in India Page 18

 FOURTH INTERVIEWEE

Name : Abneesh Singh

Current Status : Studying Law at Bharti Vidyapeeth, Pune (Ex Student of a renowned Coaching
Institute in Patna)

Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

Yes if a coaching institute is properly regulated it can serve the purpose of a school

What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?
The pros of a coaching institute is that special attention is given to each and every
student. I don’t see any otherwise effects of a coaching institute.

Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

Coaching institutes are important but their existence is not inevitable in today’s society.

What are your personal views on these coaching institute?

With a little less professionalism and money mindedness the coaching institutes would
become the best place for a student.

Coaching Culture in India Page 19

 FIFTH INTERVIEWEE

Name : Shivangi Shriya

Current Status : 4th Year Engineering Student at Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra

Do you find coaching institutes as an alternative for school education?

No the coaching institutes can never serve the purpose of long term schooling and
therefore it can never be an alternative for it.

What according to you are the pros and cons of coaching institutes?
The benefit of a coaching institute is obviously its well structured learning program and
the con is that the classes are so tiresome that a student is left with no time for self study

Do you find the existence of coaching institutes inevitable in today’s society?

Being a former student of a reputed engineering coaching institute in Patna I don’t feel
that the existence of coaching institute is inevitable. Cracking or not cracking an
examination depends completely on a student’s hard work.

What are your personal views on these coaching institutes?

With a little more effort in reducing the professionalism in the field of education the coaching
institutes would develop even more rapidly

Coaching Culture in India Page 20

 CONCLUSION TO THE TOPIC

With the facts and data presented in the project and as a part of non doctrinal research done with
the help of interview of five different people we come to the conclusion that the belief of
common people most probably is that even though the coaching institutes are serving the cause
of education well but they can never become an alternative of traditional schooling. However
owing to the limited sample size, this fact cannot be generalized. With the help of this final draft
an attempt has been made to answer the research questions of the topic. And for that very
purpose both personal views have been expressed and related to the actual facts and views of
common peole have also been compiled.

After the completion of this project the researcher has arrived to the conclusions

(a) That even though the coaching institutes serve as a quality check on the declining
education system but their existence in today’s society is not inevitable and that the
common people still believe that a coaching institute cannot replace the traditional
schooling system.

(b) That the coaching institutes have both positive and negative aspects. Both these aspects
are perfectly balanced and therefore it is hard to determine which one overshadows the
other.

(c) That professionalism and fee structure has not led to decline in the popularity of these
coaching institute.

(d) That traditional schools and colleges are still considered sacrosanct and they are placed
above the coaching institutes even though the education system is declining at an ever
increasing rate.

Coaching Culture in India Page 21

 CONCLUSION

Once again I would like to thank each and everyone who helped me in the making of this project
in some way or the other. A special thanks to my teacher of Sociology because it was only
because of his help and guidance that I was able to complete this project in a desirable manner. A
special thanks also to my friends and family who provided me not only with technical support
but also provided me motivation when I desperately needed it.

Another special thanks to my teacher for allowing me to make a project on such a wonderful
topic that helped me not only gather lots of information about this issue but also helped me to
know more about the society that I live in. It made me aware of the evils prevalent in the society
and also gave me a detailed account of atrocities suffered by the people.

At last my special thanks to each and everyone, mentioned or not mentioned whose efforts made
me capable of completing this project in a wonderful manner.

THANK YOU/-

Coaching Culture in India Page 22

 BIBLIOGRAPHY

For the purpose of making of this project references have been taken from:

Articles and Web Journals:

 The Bihar Coaching Institute (Control & Regulation) Act, 2010

 A review of Coaching Institute by desk.nic.in
 Coaching Institute Management by LJCSIT

Websites:

 www.researchgate.com/net
 en.wikipedia.org/coaching-culture
 nspiretech.com

Magazines and Newspapers

 Hindustan Times (Dated 9th August, 2018)

 The Hindu (Dated 9th August, 2018)
 India Today Magazine (Dated 9th August, 2018)

Coaching Culture in India Page 23