Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Curso:
Ecuaciones Diferenciales
Profesora:
Duran Quiñones, Sofía Irena
Alumno:
Amiquero Bravo, Kevin Martín 17130021
2018
ÍNDICE
Pág.
Resumen …………………………………………………………. 1
Introducción ………………………………………………………. 2
Aspecto Teórico ………………………………………………….. 3
Demostración de las series de Fourier………………………….. 4-7
Series de Fourier de Senos y cosenos……………………......... 8
Series de Fourier en medio intervalo …………………………… 9
Ejercicios Aplicativos……………………………………………… 10-14
Bibliografía …………………………………………………………. 15
RESUMEN
1
INTRODUCCIÓN
2
ASPECTO TEÓRICO
1 P
a0 = ∫ ƒ(x) ⅆx
P −P
1 P nπx
an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx
P −P P
1 P nπx
bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx
P −P P
3
DEMOSTRACION DE LA SERIE DE FOURIER
Calculando 𝐚𝟎 :
∞ ∞
𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 cos + ∑ 𝑏𝑛 sen
2 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1 𝑛=1
𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃
𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑎𝑛 cos 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑏𝑛 sen 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 −𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑎0 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 ∫ cos 𝑑𝑥 + ∑ 𝑏𝑛 ∫ sen 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 2 −𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑎0 P 𝑃 nπx P 𝑃 nπx P
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = X |−P + 𝑎𝑛 [sen | ] + 𝑏𝑛 [cos | ]
−𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋 P −P 𝑛𝜋 P −P
𝑃
𝑎0 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = (P − (−P)) + 𝑎𝑛 [sen(nπ) − sen(−nπ)]
−𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋
𝑃
+ 𝑏𝑛 [cos(n𝜋) − cos(−n𝜋)]
𝑛𝜋
𝑃
𝑎0 𝑃 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = (2𝑃) + 𝑎𝑛 [0]𝑏𝑛 [0]
−𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋
𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎0 𝑃
−𝑃
1 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎0
𝑃 −𝑃
4
Calculando 𝐚𝐧 :
∞ ∞
𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + ∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛
2 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1 𝑛=1
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 )+
𝑃 2 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑃 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ∑ 𝑎𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 +
−𝑃 𝑃 −𝑃 2 𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ ∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 𝑛=1 𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃
∞ ∞
𝑃 𝑃
1 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
∑ 𝑎𝑛 ∫ ( + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∑ 𝑏𝑛 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑥
𝑛=1 −𝑃 2 2 𝑃 −𝑃 2 𝑃
𝑛=1
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [𝑠𝑒𝑛 | ]+
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃
1 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑎𝑛 [ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑥 ] + 𝑏𝑛 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑥
2 −𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛𝜋 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(−𝑛𝜋)] +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋
1 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃
𝑎𝑛 [ 𝑋 |−𝑃 + . (𝑠𝑒𝑛 | )] + 𝑏𝑛 . (𝑐𝑜𝑠 | )
2 2 2𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃 2 2𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [0] +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋
1 1 𝑃
𝑎𝑛 [ (𝑃 − (−𝑃)) + . (𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑛𝜋) + 𝑠𝑒𝑛(−2𝑛𝜋))] +
2 2 2𝑛𝜋
1 𝑃
𝑏𝑛 . [𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑛𝜋) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠(−2𝑛𝜋]
2 2𝑛𝜋
5
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 1 𝐿 1 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0 + 𝑎𝑛 [ (𝑃 − (−𝑃)) + . (0)] + 𝑏𝑛 . [0]
−𝑃 𝑃 2 2 2𝑛𝜋 2 2𝑛𝜋
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 1
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎𝑛 [ (𝑃 − (−𝑃))]
−𝑃 𝑃 2
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 1
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎𝑛 (2𝑃)
−𝑃 𝑃 2
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎𝑛 𝑃
−𝑃 𝑃
1 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎𝑛
𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃
Calculando 𝐛𝐧 :
∞ ∞
𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + ∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛
2 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1 𝑛=1
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 )+
𝑃 2 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∑ 𝑏𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛2 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑃
𝑛=1
𝑃 𝐿 𝑃 ∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 𝑃 −𝐿 2 𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥
+ ∫ ∑ 𝑏𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛2 ) 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 𝑛=1 𝑃
𝑃 ∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
∞
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∑ 𝑏𝑛 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 𝑃
𝑛=1
𝑃 𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [𝑐𝑜𝑠 | ] + 𝑎𝑛 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑥 +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃 −𝑃 2 𝑃
6
𝑃
1 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑏𝑛 ∫ ( − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝑑𝑥
−𝑃 2 2 𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [cos(𝑛𝜋) − cos(−𝑛𝜋)] +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋
1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃 1 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑎𝑛 . [𝑐𝑜𝑠 | ] + 𝑏𝑛 [ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑥]
2 2𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃 2 −𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑎0 𝑃 1 𝑃
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = [0] + 𝑎𝑛 . [𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑛𝜋 − cos(−2𝑛𝜋)]
−𝑃 𝑃 2 𝑛𝜋 2 2𝑛𝜋
1 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑏𝑛 [ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑥 ]
2 −𝑃 2 −𝑃 𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 𝑃
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0 + 𝑎𝑛 . [0] +
−𝑃 𝑃 2 2𝑛𝜋
1 𝑃 1 𝑃 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑃
[ |
𝑏𝑛 𝑋 −𝑃 − . (𝑠𝑒𝑛 | )]
2 2 2𝑛𝜋 𝑃 −𝑃
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 1 𝑃
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑏𝑛 [ (𝑃 − (−𝑃)) + . (𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑛𝜋) + 𝑠𝑒𝑛(−2𝑛𝜋))]
−𝑃 𝑃 2 2 2𝑛𝜋
𝑃
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑏𝑛 [𝑃]
−𝑃 𝑃
1 𝑃 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑏𝑛
𝑃 −𝑃 𝑃
7
SERIES DE FOURIER DE COSENOS Y SENOS
1 P 2 𝑃
a0 = ∫ ƒ(x) ⅆx → 𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
P −P 𝑃 0
1 P nπx 2 P nπx
an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx → an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx
P −P P P 0 P
1 P nπx
bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx → bn = 0
P −P P
∞
𝑎0 𝑛𝜋𝑥
∴ 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 𝑃
𝑛=1
1 P
a0 = ∫ ƒ(x) ⅆx → 𝑎0 = 0
P −P
1 P nπx
an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx → an = 0
P −P P
1 P nπx 2 P nπx
bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx → bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx
P −P P P 0 P
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥
∴ 𝑓 (𝑥) = ∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
𝑃
𝑛=1
8
SERIES DE FOURIER EN MEDIO INTERVALO
9
EJERCICIOS APLICATIVO CON LOS 3 CASOS
1. ƒ(x) = 𝑥 2 , 0 < x < L
Calculando 𝒂𝟎
2 𝐿
𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑃 0
2 𝐿 2
𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝐿 0
𝐿
2 𝑥3
𝑎0 = ( | )
𝐿 3 0
2 𝐿3
𝑎0 = ( − 0)
𝐿 3
2𝐿2
𝑎0 =
3
Calculado 𝐚𝐧
2 P nπx
an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx
P 0 P
2 L 2 2nπx
an = ∫ 𝑥 cos ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
2 x2L 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 2𝐿 𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥
an = { sen ( )| − ∫ 𝑥 sen ( ) 𝑑𝑥 }
L nπ 𝐿 0 𝑛𝜋 0 𝐿
2 2L xL nπx 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥
an = {0 − [− cos ( )| + ∫ cos ( ) 𝑑𝑥 ]}
L nπ nπ L 0 𝑛𝜋 0 𝐿
2 2L L2 𝐿 𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿
an = {− [− cos(nπ) − 0 + sen ( )| ]}
L nπ nπ 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0
2 2L L2
an = {− [− (−1)𝑛 ]}
L nπ nπ
10
4L2 (−1)n
an =
n2 π2
∞
L3 4L (−1)𝑛 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + 2∑ cos ( )
3 π 𝑛2 𝐿
𝑛=1
Calculado 𝒃𝐧
2 P nπx
bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
2 P 2 nπx
bn = ∫ x sen ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
𝐿
2 −𝑥 𝑧 𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 −𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥
bn = { cos ( )| − ∫ (2𝑥) cos ( ) 𝑑𝑥 }
L 𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0 0 𝑛𝜋 𝐿
𝐿
2 −𝐿3 𝑛
2𝐿 𝑥𝐿 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 𝐿 nπx
bn = { (−1) + 0 + [ sen ( )| − ∫ sen ( ) 𝑑𝑥 ]}
L 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0 0 𝑛𝜋 L
2 −𝐿3 𝑛
2𝐿 𝐿2 𝐿2 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿
bn = { (−1) + [ sen(𝑛𝜋) − 0 + 2 2 (cos ( )| )]}
L 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋 𝐿 0
2 −𝐿3 𝑛
2𝐿 𝐿2
bn = { (−1) + [0 + 2 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑛𝜋) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0))]}
L 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋
2 −𝐿3 𝑛
2𝐿 𝐿2
bn = { (−1) + [ 2 2 ((−1)𝑛 − 1)]}
L 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋
2 −𝐿3 2𝐿2
bn = { (−1) + 3 3 [(−1)𝑛 − 1]}
𝑛
L 𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋
2𝐿2 𝑛+1
4𝐿2
bn = (−1) + 3 3 [(−1)𝑛 − 1]
𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋
∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥) = ∑ 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
𝐿
𝑛=1
11
∞
2𝐿2 (−1)𝑛+1 2𝐿2 𝑛𝜋𝑥
( )
𝑓 𝑥 = ∑{ + 3 2 [(−1)𝑛 − 1]} 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛 𝜋 𝐿
𝑛=1
𝑛𝜋𝑥 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
2𝑝 = 𝐿 →
𝑝 𝐿
L
P=
2
∞
𝑎0 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑏𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
2 𝐿 𝐿
𝑛=1
Calculando 𝒂𝟎
2 𝐿
𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑃 0
2 𝐿 2
𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝐿 0
𝐿
2 𝑥3
𝑎0 = ( | )
𝐿 3 0
2 𝐿3
𝑎0 = ( − 0)
𝐿 3
2𝐿2
𝑎0 =
3
Calculado 𝐚𝐧
2 L 2nπx
an = ∫ ƒ(x) cos ( ) ⅆx
P 0 L
2 L 2 2nπx
an = ∫ 𝑥 cos ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
12
2 x2L 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
𝑛𝜋𝑥
an = { sen ( )| − ∫ 2𝑥 sen ( ) 𝑑𝑥 }
L 2nπ 𝐿 0 2𝑛𝜋 0 𝐿
2 L xL nπx 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
2𝑛𝜋𝑥
an = {0 − [− cos ( )| + ∫ cos ( ) 𝑑𝑥 ]}
L nπ nπ L 0 2𝑛𝜋 0 𝐿
2 L L2 𝐿 𝐿 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿
an = {− [− cos(2nπ) − 0 + sen ( )| ]}
L nπ 2nπ 2𝑛𝜋 2𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0
2 L L2
an = {− [− ]}
L nπ 2nπ
L2
an = 2 2
n π
Calculado 𝒃𝐧
2 L 2nπx
bn = ∫ ƒ(x)sen ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
2 L 2 2nπx
bn = ∫ x sen ( ) ⅆx
L 0 L
2 −𝑥 2 𝐿 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 𝐿
−𝐿 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
bn = { cos ( )| − ∫ (2𝑥) cos ( ) 𝑑𝑥}
L 2𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0 0 2𝑛𝜋 𝐿
2 −𝐿3 𝐿 𝑥𝐿 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿 𝐿
𝐿 2nπx
bn = { cos(2𝑛𝜋) + [ sen ( )| − ∫ sen ( ) 𝑑𝑥 ]}
L 2𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 2𝑛𝜋 𝐿 0 0 2𝑛𝜋 L
2 −𝐿3 𝐿 𝐿2 𝐿2 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝐿
bn = { + [ sen(2𝑛𝜋) − 0 + 2 2 (cos ( )| )]}
L 2𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 2𝑛𝜋 4𝑛 𝜋 𝐿 0
2 −𝐿3 𝐿 𝐿2
bn = { + [ (1 − 1)]}
L 2𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 4𝑛2 𝜋 2
2 −𝐿3
bn = { + 0}
L 2𝑛𝜋
−𝐿2
bn =
𝑛𝜋
13
∞
L3 L2 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 2𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 𝑥 =
( ) + ∑ [ 2 cos ( ) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )]
3 π 𝑛 π 𝐿 𝑛 𝐿
𝑛=1
14
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
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