“A STUDY TO ACCESS THE AWARNESS LEVELS ABOUT

SAKHI IN HYDERABAD”.

Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of

MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK
(MEDICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC SOCIAL WORK)

by

M.SWATHI

1171-17-310-002

MSW 2017-19

RODA MISTRY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL WORK AND

RESEARCH CENTRE
(Affiliated to Osmania University)
PANMAKTHA, GACHI BOWLI ROAD,
HYDERABAD – 500 008

1
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this dissertation entitled “A study to access the awarness
levels about sakhi in Hyderabad” is a part of the curriculum for the Master’s
Degree in Social Work, Roda Mistry College of Social Work and Research Centre, a
bonafide research work carried out under the guidance of Mrs.Dr.Hannaanand raj
Faculty Supervisor. I so affirm that this dissertation has not been submitted
elsewhere for any degree in other University.

M.SWATHI (MSW)
HT. No.1171-17-310-002

2
 RODA MISTRY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL WORK AND RESEARCH
CENTRE (ICSW – AP)

(AFFILIATED TO OSMANIA UNIVERSITY)

PANMAKTHA, GACHI BOWLI ROAD,

HYDERABAD – 500 008

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “A study to access the awarness levels
about sakhi in Hyderabad” is a bonafide project done by M.SWATHI, student of
MSW – Final (2018-19) under my supervision in Roda Mistry College of Social Work
and Research Centre, Hyderabad.

Research Supervisor Signature of Student

(Mrs.Dr.Hannahanand raj) (M.swathi)

Date:

3
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

It is a great joy and privilege to thank and acknowledge the blessing of God
through many people who have helped me to complete my research
successfully.

First and foremost I am grateful to Mrs.Dr.Hannahanand raj madam, my

faculty supervisor for guiding and supervising my research work as well as the
field work throughout this year, I do appreciate sharing her practical
knowledge and experiences as an efficient faculty supervisor. I would also like
to thank Director of MSW Dr.vanilaBhaskaran for providing inputs in the
current study.

My heartfelt gratitude goes to all my co-students for their support,

encouragement, guidance and assistance for the completion of my research on
“A study to access the awrness levels about sakhi in Hyderabad”. I wish to
thank Mr.Haribabu (librarian) for providing the books all the time.

I do express my thanks to my friends for sharing their ideas and views. I am

also thankful to all the respondents for their co-operation and their openness
for giving the correct information.

M.SWATHI
(MSW - Final)

4
 CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE
PAGE NO.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
LIST OF TABLES
CHAPTER- INTRODUCTION 6– 9
1
CHAPTER- REVIEW OF LITERATURE 10 – 12
2
CHAPTER- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 15– 18
3
CHAPTER- ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION OF 19-28
4 DATA
CHAPTER- FINDINGS CONCLUSION 29
5
CHAPTER- ANNUXURE 29-31
6
CHAPTER- REFERENCE 32
7

5
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

6
INTRODUCTION

Women safety is a big social issue which needs to be solved

urgently by the effort of all. It is inhibiting the growth and
development of the country and most importantly hurting the half
population of the country in all aspects (physically, mentally, and
socially).
As we all know that India is a most famous country all
over the world for its great tradition and culture where women are
given most respected place in the society from the ancient time. It is
the country where women are considered as safer and most
respected. Women are given the place of Goddess Lakshmi in the
Indian society. Indian women are found working in all fields like
aeronautics, space, politics, banks, schools, sports, businesses,
army, police, and many more. We cannot say that this country has
no any women concern however we cannot ignore positive points for
women in India. It was all that what we see from our open eyes
however if we see behind the curtain we will found all the crimes
against women at home, offices, streets, etc. By seeing last few
crimes against women in India such as rape cases, acid attacks, etc,
the safety of women has been in doubt.
Violence against women and children is serious public
health concern with costs at multiple levels of society. Although
violence is a threat to everyone ,women and children are particularly
susceptible to victimization because they often have fewer rights or
lack appropriate means of protection.
In some societies certain types of violence are deemed
socially or legally acceptable , there by contributing further to the
risk to women and children.
Violence is defined by the world health organization as”
the intentional use of physical force or power threatened or actual

7
against oneself, another person ,or against a group or community
that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury,
death ,psychological harm,deprivation.
The majority of violence against women and children is
perpetrated by parents, family member s ,friends or acquaintance
s ,so most violence against women and children takes place in the
form of intimate partner violence ,family violence ,school violence.
Since alcoholism is often associated with violence against
women in India.
According to a 2011 poll conducted by the Thomson Reuters
foundation, “India was the 4th most dangerous country “ in the world
for women.
Women in India now participate fully in areas such as
education, sports, politics , media, arts science, and technology.
It is confirming that everyday women are dealing
with harassment from mild to extreme forms on our streets,
workplaces, public transportation, and even in homes. How long will
this menace go on for? What are we supposed to do?
With limited options in our hands, and with time fast flying us by,
the onus is on us to wake up and do whatever
it takes. About 50% of India’s registered voters are women, the power
of whom together needs to demand a
tougher India, yet an India that is sensitive to women. Women’s
issues need to be pushed in every lobby until
the leaders have no choice but to yield and take a hold
There is a list of safety laws for women in India working in the field to
provide safety to the women from all type of crimes against women.
Some safety laws are Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929, Special
Marriage Act 1954, Hindu Marriage Act 1955, Hindu Widows
Remarriage Act 1856, Indian Penal Code 1860, Dowry Prohibition Act
1961, Maternity Benefit Act 1861, Foreign Marriage Act 1969, Indian
Divorce Act 1969, Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971,
8
Christian Marriage Act 1872, Code of Criminal Procedure 1973,
Equal Remuneration Act 1976, Married Women’s Property Act 1874,
Births, Deaths & Marriages Registration Act 1886, Indecent
Representation of Women (Prevention) Act 1986, Muslim women
(protection of rights on divorce) Act 1986, Commission of Sati
(Prevention) Act 1987, National Commission for Women Act 1990,
Prohibition of Sex Selection Act 1994, Protection of Women from
Domestic Violence Act 2005, Prevention of Children from Sexual
Offences Act 2012, Sexual Harassment of Women at Work Place Act
2013, etc.

Another Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Bill,

2015 has been passed replacing the existing Indian juvenile
delinquency law of 2000 (JuvenileJustice (Care and Protection of
Children) Act, 2000). This act was passed by the Lok Sabha on 7th
of May in 2015 and however, by the Rajya Sabha on 22nd of
December in 2015. This act is passed to lower down the juvenile age
from 18 to 16 years in cases of heinous offense (especially after the
release of Nirbhaya’s case accused juvenile).

Despite of formation of various effective rules and

regulations by the Indian government to handle and control the
crimes against women, the number and frequency of crimes against
women are increasing day by day. Women status in the country has
been more offensive and dreadful in the last few years. It has
decreased the confidence level of women for safety in their own
country. Women are in doubtful condition for their safety and have
fear while going anywhere else outside their home (office, market,
etc). We should not blame the government because women safety is
not only the responsibility of government only, it is the responsibility
of each and every Indian citizen especially men who need to change
their mind set for women

9
 CHAPTER-2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

REVIEW AND LITERATURE

10
 Gender Based Violence (GBV) is a global health, human rights
and development issue that transcends geography, class, culture,
age, race and religion to affect every community and country in
every corner of the world. The Article 1 of UN Declaration on the
Elimination of Violence 1993 provides a definition of gender - based
abuse, calling it "any act of gender - based violence that results in,
or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or
suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or
arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in
private life”.
In India, gender based violence has many manifestations; from the
more universally prevalent forms of domestic and sexual violence
including rape, to harmful practices such as, dowry, honour
killings, acid attacks, witch - hunting, sexual harassment, child
sexual abuse, trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation, child
marriage, sex selective abortion, sati etc.
Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD), has formulated
a Centrally Sponsored Scheme for setting up One Stop Centre, a
sub - scheme of Umbrella Scheme for National Mission for
Empowerment of women including Indira Gandhi
MattritavSahyaogYojana. Popularly known as Sakhi, the scheme is
being implemented since 1st April 2015. These Centres are being
established across the country to provide integrated support and
assistance under one roof to women affected by violence, both in
private and public spaces in phased manner.
The Centres will be integrated with a Women Helpline to facilitate
access to following services.
 Emergency Response and Rescue Services - OSC will
provide rescue and referral services to the women affected by
violence . For this, linkages will be developed with existing
mechanisms such as National Health Mission (NHM ), 108 service,
police (PCR Van) so that the woman affected by violence can either
be rescued from the location and referred to the nearest medical
facility (Public/ Private) or shelter home.
11
 Medical assistance - Women affected by violence would be
referred to the nearest Hospital for medical aid/examination which
would be undertaken as per the guidelines and protocols developed
by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
 Assistance to women in lodging FIR /NCR/DIR
 Psycho - social support/ counselling - A skilled counsellor
providing psycho - social counselling services would be available on
call. This c ounselling process will give women confidence and
support to address violence or to seek justice for the violence
perpetuated. Counsellors shall follow a prescribed code of ethics,
guidelines and protocols in providing counselling services.
 Legal aid and counselling - To facilitate access to justice for
women affected by violence, legal aid and counselling would be
provided at OSC through empanelled Lawyers or National/
State/District Legal Service Authority. The aggrieved woman would
be provided with an advocate of her choice in case she wants to
engage the same to assist the State Prosecutors in trying her case.
It would be the responsibility of the Lawyer /Prosecutor to simplify
legal procedures for the aggrieved woman and advocate for her
exemption from court hearings. In case the trial or inquiry relates to
an offence of rape as defined under section 376, 376A - D IPC, it
would be the duty of the Prosecutors trying the case to complete the
inquiry or trial as far as possible within a period of two months
from the date of filing of charge sheet.
 Shelter - The OSC will provide temporary shelter facility to
aggrieved women. For long term shelter requirements,
arrangements will be made with SwadharGreh/Short Stay Homes
(managed/affiliated with government/NGO). Women affected by
violence along with their children (girls of all ages and boys up till 8
years of age) can avail temporary shelter at the OSC for a maximum
period of 5 days. The admissibility of any woman to the temporary
shelter would be at the discretion of Centre Administrator.
 Video Conferencing Facility - To facilitate speedy and hassle
free police and court proceedings the OSC will provide video
conferencing facility (through Skype, Google Conferencing etc.).
Through this facility if the aggrieved woman wants, she can record
12
 her statement for police/ courts from OSC itself using audio - video
electronic means as prescribed under sections 161(3), 164(1) and
275(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure and section 231(1) in line
with Order XVIII Rule 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure. This facility
will be provided only after consultation among Superintendent of
Police, District and Sessions Judge of the concerned district (place
of incident).
The ministry is implementing scheme for setting SAKHI One Stop
Centre since 1st April 2015 to support women affected by violence.
The scheme aims to facilitate access to an integrated range of
services including medical aid , police assistance , legal aid , case
management , psycho social counselling and temporary support
services to women affected by violence.

The objectives of the Sakhi one stop center

(i) To provide integrated support and assistance to women affected
by violence, both
in private and public spaces under one roof.
(ii) To facilitate immediate, emergency and non-emergency access
to a range of
services including medical, legal, psychological and counselling
support under
one roof to fight against any forms of violence against
women.
One Stop Centres (OSC) are intended to support women affected
by violence, in
private and public spaces, within the family, community and at
the workplace. Women facing physical, sexual, emotional,
psychological and economic abuse, irrespective of age, class, caste,
education status, marital status, race and culture will be facilitated
with support and redressal. Aggrieved women facing any kind of
violence due to attempted sexual harassment, sexual assault, domestic

13
violence, trafficking, honour related crimes acid attacks or witch-
hunting who have reached out or been referred to the OSC will be
provided with specialized serviceThe government of India has set up a
decided fund called Nirbhya fund in 2013 .
The project s appraised by the empowered committee under
Nirbhya fund aimed at enhancing the safety for women including
prevention of harassment in the country.

The OSC will support all women including girls below 18 years of
age affected by violence, irrespective of caste, class, religion, region,
sexual orientation or marital status. For girls below 18 years of age,
institutions and authorities established under Juvenile Justice
(Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 and the Protection of
Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 will be linked with the
OSCThere have been increasing footfalls to the Sakhi One Stop
Centres (OSC) now functional in nine erstwhile districts of
Telangana. In the first four months of this year 849 cases were
reported in OSCs and 738 of them related to domestic violence.
Ranga Reddy and Nalgonda centres accounted for majority of such
cases. Another eight Sakhi centres will start functioning from
August in eight more districts.

Sakhi centres are the long awaited intervention to

provide prompt and responsive service delivery to women in
distress. After the Centre’s directive to set up Sakhi centres, the
Department of Women Development and Child Welfare roped in
Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Hyderabad, as its
knowledge partner. It signed an MoU in 2017 to set up, monitor and
strengthen the functioning of OSCs and provide victim-centric
approach and counselling. TISS identified and selected NGOs based
on their credibility, experience in dealing with gender-based
violence as implementation partners for running

14
 CHAPTER - 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is plan for conducting research either

qualitative,quantitative studies need a plan to proceed for research
OBJECTIVES
 To study the sakhi provide various services for
women in one roof.
 To study attitude levels in women and men.
 To know the knowledge towards SAKHI osc(one stop
centre).

HYPOTHESIS
Females have more awareness
Job holders have more awareness
Educated people have more awareness
NEED OF THE STUDY
Women’s are facing lot of problems in community and they
not aware about the Sakhi one stop centre. And most of the
women’s not utilize the services provided by Sakhi and it
runs 181 toll free number.
This study is done to understand the awareness levels
among the women and men.

THE POPULATION AND THE SAMPLE

15
 For this study the researcher collected 100 through
following the probability sample simple random samples.

TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION

Questionnaire is the most common instrument to collect
data. It contain all the information required for achieving the
research objectives.

Limitations of the study:

1. The study is limited to people in Hyderabad.
2. Only 100 respondents were taken out of various
communities.
Research design:
A research design is logical and systematic planning in directing the
research. The design results from translating a general scientific model
into varied research problem
The researcher used descriptive research design. The study was carried
on 100 respondents from communities. The sample was selected by
convenient sampling method.
 Variables:
Independent variables:
 Age
 Gender
 Religion
 Education
 occupation

16
 Dependent variables:To access the awareness levels about
“SAKHI”osc
 In order to obtain the data needed, the researcher approached the
elderly randomly. After introducing with a friendly rapport with
subjects, the researcher started asking the questions and instructed as
follows.

“Below are given some statements to measure the way you feel.
Choosing an appropriate number indicate to may extent they are true
in your case. Your response will be confidential”.
 Method and tools of data collection:

 A tool is an aid with which necessary and relevant information can

be fetched systematically to the subject matter.

The interview method was the tool of data collection, which was used
by investigator. The schedule contains several questions resulting to
different aspects of the problems under analysis –open and closed
ended questions were used for the interview.
Data analysis:
Data analysis was made based on questionnaire. Tables and graphs
have been used to know impact of aware about' skhi' between
dependent and independent variables. This analysis is helpful to create
awareness about SAKHI osc in women and men.

17
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA:

Analysis and interpretation of data are

central steps in the research process.
Analysis of data means studying the tabulated material in
order to determine inherent facts or meanings. It involves
breaking down existing complex factors in to simpler parts
and putting the parts together in new arrangements for the
purpose of interpretation. Thus the global of analysis is to
submit summarize the collected data in such a way that they
provide answers to the questions that triggered the research.
Interpretation is the search for the broader meaning of
research findings. Through interpretation, the meanings and
implications of the study become clear. An analysis is not
complete without interpretation; and interpretation cannot
proceed without analysis.
This chapter aims at presenting the
resulted of the studying a logical and convenient from through
simple tables, graphs and charts and explaining simple
descriptive measures. It also aims at picking out the crucial
results of the study. The entire chapter has been broken down
into several sub chapters. so, as to facilitate easy
understanding of facts and figures.

18
 CHAPTER - 4
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

19
Data analysis and interpretation of data
The study was intended to find out the based on the independent
variables.

 Frequency Tables

SECTION - A

Table-1 – Gender of the respondents

Gender Frequency Percent Valid

percent
Male 38 38.0 38
Female 62 62.0 62
Total 100 100 100

20
 Chart Title
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1 2
femal e ma l e

Chart Title
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1 2
fema l e mal e

Table 1- clearly shows that majority of the respondents are female

i.e. 62% and with male respondents being 38.

Table-2 -Age of the respondents

21
Age Frequency Percent Valid
percent
Low(below34) 53 53.0 53
Medium(35-50) 34 34.0 34
Old(51-above) 13 13.0 13
Total 100 100.0 100

Chart Title
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
l ow medi um ol d

Table -2 clearly shows that majority of the people belongs to low

category were –53.0%, and the next is medium category 34%, old
category were 13%.

Table 3- Religion of the respondents

Religion Frequenc Percent Valid

y percent
Hindu 61 61.0 61

22
Muslim 16 16.0 16
Christian 23 23.0 23
Total 100 100 100

Chart Title
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
hi ndu musl i m chri stia n
frequency percent

Table 3 – shows the frequency of the respondents from Hindu

religion was high i.e 61% the percentage of Muslims and Christians
were 16% and 23% respectively.

Table 4- Education of the respondents

Education Frequency Percent Valid percent

10& below 22 22.0 22

Inter 28 28.0 28

Degree 36 36.0 36

23
Pg. 14 14.0 14

Total 100 100 100

Chart Title
40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
bel ow s s c i nter degree pg

Table 4 – clearly shows

that education status of the respondents was
36.0% were done with degree 28% of the people were inter standard
and a range of 22 % had done with s.s.c, and people who did their
p.g or higher education 14%.

Table – 5: occupation of the respondents

Occupation Frequency Percent Valid percent

Job 49 49.0 49
Business 33 33.0 33
Unemployed 18 18.0 18
Total 100 100 100

24
 Chart Title
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1 2
job bus s i ness unempl oyment

Table 5- clearly shows that the occupation level of the total

respondents the highest level was 49% with in job sector in private
sector government.33%respondents are from business. 18%are
belong to unemployed

25
 Gender respondents

Gender Total
Medium
High level
Lowawarness level
awareness
awareness

16 12 10
male 11.40 15.96 10.64 38
( 1.86) ( 0.98) ( 0.04)

14 30 18
Female 18.60 26.04 17.36 62
( 1.14) ( 0.60) ( 0.02)

Total 30 42 28 100

χ2 = 4.641, df = 2, χ2/df = 2.32 , P(χ2 > 4.641) = 0.0

Awareness among age groups

Low Mediu High

12 27 53
Low(below 34) 14.98 23.53 53.49 92
( 0.59) ( 0.51) ( 0.00)

26
 12 10 33
Middle (35-50) 8.95 14.07 31.98 55
( 1.04) ( 1.18) ( 0.03)

4 7 14
High(51above) 4.07 6.40 14.53 25
( 0.00) ( 0.06) ( 0.02)

28 44 100 172

χ2 = 3.431, df = 4, χ2/df = 0.86 , P(χ2 > 3.431) = 0.48

Awareness level among religion

Low Mediu High

14 24 23
Hindu 17.69 26.23 17.08 61
( 0.77) ( 0.19) ( 2.05)

6 10 0
Muslim 4.64 6.88 4.48 16
( 0.40) ( 1.41) ( 4.48)

9 9 5
Christian 6.67 9.89 6.44 23
( 0.81) ( 0.08) ( 0.32)

29 43 28 100

χ2 = 10.521, df = 4, χ2/df = 2.63 , P(χ2 > 10.521) = 0.0325

Awareness among occupation

Low Mediu High

Job holder 18 19 12 49

27
 14.70 20.09 14.21
( 0.74) ( 0.06) ( 0.34)

10 14 10
Business 10.20 13.94 9.86 34
( 0.00) ( 0.00) ( 0.00)

2 8 7
Unemployed 5.10 6.97 4.93 17
( 1.88) ( 0.15) ( 0.87)

30 41 29 100

χ2 = 4.056, df = 4, χ2/df = 1.01 , P(χ2 > 4.056) = 0.398

Awareness among educated people

Low Mediu High

8 7 6
Below or ssc 6.09 9.24 5.67 21
( 0.60) ( 0.54) ( 0.02)

6 17 5
Inter 8.12 12.32 7.56 28
( 0.55) ( 1.78) ( 0.87)

9 14 12
Degree 10.15 15.40 9.45 35
( 0.13) ( 0.13) ( 0.69)

6 6 4
Pg 4.64 7.04 4.32 16
( 0.40) ( 0.15) ( 0.02)

29 44 27 100

χ2 = 5.881, df = 6, χ2/df = 0.98 , P(χ2 > 5.881) = 0.4366

28
SUMMERY ANDFINDINGS
 Majority of the respondents belongs to Hindu Religion.
 Majority of the respondents belongs to low age groups.
 Majority of the respondents are females.
 Most of the educated person are have high level awareness
about Sakhi.
 Majority of the respondents are job holders.

29
 ANNUXURE
PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Name:

Age:

Sex:

Marital status:

Caste:

Religion:
30
Education:

Occupation:

Family income:

Address:

QUESTIONNAIRE

Below are given some statements to measure the way you feel an
appropriate option indicate to what extent they are true in your case.
Your response will be confidential.
1. Do you know the SAKHI one stop centre?
1. Yes 2. No
2. Do you think women/girls any age can walk freely with out fear in
the public place?
1.disgree. 2.Agree. 3.only some public place s
3. Do you heard about the 181 toll free helping line ?
1. No 2.yes
4.SAKHI is useful for the women/girls are in distress?
1. No 2.yes
5. Mostly women’s are do not respond against to harassment?
1.No. 2. Neutral
6. Are you support the SAKHI one stop centre,?
1. No. 2. Yes
7. The sakhi one stop centres are actively in your area?

31
1. Neutral. 2. No 3. Yes
8. Do you agree most of the women’s are not utilize the services of the
SAKHI?
1. Neutral. 2. Agree 3. Did agree
9. Do you feel that crimes against women are
1. Decreasing. 2. Increasing 3. Same
10.” No fear of the law “ is one of the reason for increasing crime rate?
1. Did agree 2. Agree 3. Neutral.
11.Better parenting with sons being taught to respect women? Is the
effective in curbing crimes against women?
1. No. 2. Yes
12. Do you agree the sakhi oscwill support all women irrespective of
any discrimination?
1. Dis qagree 2. Neutral. 3. Agree

REFERENCE
Articles from The Hindu news papers
Women and child development websites.
Social work research reference book’ Lal das.’

32