RESULTS

Table 1
Amount of Zinc(II)
Type of Samples Sample Concentration (mg/L) ions Present in
Samples (mg/kg)
Lipstick 1 4.544 227.2
2 4.482 224.1
3 4.510 225.5
Lip balm 1 -0.247
2 -0.219 No Zinc
3 -0.269
DISCUSSIONS

Metal ion analysis is an important aspect of beauty products quality monitoring. Metals
may present in lipstick, compressed powder, foundations, and many beauty cream for blocking
ultraviolet light or colouring pigments that produced from different types of industries. But,
some metals exceed the specific concentrations and can cause the serious effect such skin
cancer or allergies. Moreover, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method has been
developed as a quantitative for zinc analysis. In this experiment, the objectives are to digest the
beauty products to prepare the metal ion solution. Then, the most important objective is to
determine the amount of Zinc(II) ions present in beauty products.

This experiment choose two samples which is lipstick from Clinique company and
another one is lip balm from NIVEA company. Firstly, weighed 1 g of homogenized lipstick
sample and directly stirred in 5 ml beaker with 10 ml of 37% of HCL on the hot plate stirrer.
Then, after one hour until the sample was digested, the samples were then filtered into 100 ml
of volumetric flasks and the solutions were topped up with deionized water to 100 ml. After
that, a blank and standard solution were prepared. The digestion of lip balm repeated also same
as the procedure for lipstick. Lastly, the sample will analyse using the Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer (AAS) and getting the value of sample concentration for each samples.

From the data obtained in a Table 1, it shows that only a lipstick has amount of zinc
while the lip balm does not contain zinc. So, after doing a calculation for the lipstick when the
concentration was 4.544 mg/L, it shown that the amount of zinc there was 227.2 mg/kg in it.
Besides, when the sample concentration was 4.482 mg/L, there was only 224.1 mg/kg of zinc
in the sample. The next calculation is contain the amount of zinc 225.5 mg/kg with a
concentration of 4.510 mg/L. It can be concluded that, when the higher the concentration of
the sample in mg/L, the higher the amount of zinc in mg/kg found in the lipstick.
 Furthermore, it was different for the result of the lip balm sample. As we can see from
the Table 1, all the values for the three samples shows that the negative values which means
there is no presence of the zinc in the lip balm. From the research, the lip balm does not contain
non-nano mineral zinc oxide because they use organic compounds, such as extra virgin olive
oil, shea and cocoa butter. So that, it is the safest and most effective single active mineral
ingredient.

As the conclusion, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) analytical instrument

is based on the principle of atomic absorption spectroscopy and is very useful to detect the
metal ion concentration presence in beauty products. The metal ions of zinc oxide that presence
in the cosmetics is well recognized as a key sunscreen ingredient that is effective in providing
protection from UV light. It plays an important role in safeguarding public health. After
observing the data, the experiment carried out was successful as the objective of the experiment
were achieved. The experiment aims to determine the amount of Zinc(II) ions presence in
beauty products.
APPENDICES

Calculations the amount of zinc(II) ions in lipstick.

Sample Concentration 1 : 4.544 mg of zinc/1L

1 g of lipstick in 50 ml of solutions
50 ml of solutions 1 g of lipstick
1
⁘ 1 g of lipstick 𝑔/𝑚𝑙
50
1
1000 ml 𝑔/𝑚𝑙 x 1000 ml = 20 g
50
1 𝑘𝑔
× 20 𝑔 = 0.02 kg
1000 𝑔

4.544 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐

= 227.2
0.02 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔

Sample Concentration 2 : 4.482 mg of zinc/1L

1 g of lipstick in 50 ml of solutions
50 ml of solutions 1 g of lipstick
1
⁘ 1 g of lipstick 𝑔/𝑚𝑙
50
1
1000 ml 𝑔/𝑚𝑙 x 1000 ml = 20 g
50
1 𝑘𝑔
× 20 𝑔 = 0.02 kg
1000 𝑔

4.482 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐

= 224.1
0.02 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
Sample Concentration 3 : 4.510 mg of zinc/1L

1 g of lipstick in 50 ml of solutions
50 ml of solutions 1 g of lipstick
1
⁘ 1 g of lipstick 𝑔/𝑚𝑙
50
1
1000 ml 𝑔/𝑚𝑙 x 1000 ml = 20 g
50
1 𝑘𝑔
× 20 𝑔 = 0.02 kg
1000 𝑔

4.510 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐 𝑚𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑐

= 225.5
0.02 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔