Project

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page
Location Grid line 1 rc 24-Feb-2019 101
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etcChecked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

L in e L o a d L G K , L Q K in k N / m
WARNING : X
Passive pressure should
2

S u r c h a r g e S G K , S Q K in k N / m
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future T W
excavation in front of
the wall. W A T E R
B 1

L L

L S
H W

L E

L W
T b
H P

H n
B N T N
L P

B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
H= 3200 B= 2750 Tw = 250
Hw = 100 BI = 1000 Tb = 400
Hp = 100 BN = 0 TN = 0
Hn = 0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm² gm = 1.5 concrete
fy = 420 N/mm² gm = 1.05 steel
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm
Concrete density = 24 kN/m³
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l (Ø) = 30 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m² (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 20 kN/m³
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 13.33 kN/m³ [default=2/3*q (only apply when 13.33
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (Øb) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m² a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m³ b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 200 kN/m² c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 10 kN/m² e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 10 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 15 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 20 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 1000 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.33 [ default ka = (1-SIN Ø)/(1+SIN Ø)0.33

Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN Øb)/(1-SIN Ø2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] = 2.86
Kac = 1.15 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE gf Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 34.12 LE = 1.067 36.41 1.40 47.77 50.97
PS(GK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 1.40 14.93 23.89
PS(QK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 1.60 17.07 27.31
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 2.36 15.74 1.40 9.33 22.03
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 2.36 11.80 1.60 8.00 18.89
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 1.40 0.07 0.00
Total 67.17 98.09 97.17 143.10
PP = -2.96 (LP-HN) = 0.05 -0.15 1.00 -2.96 -0.15
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 24-Feb-2019 102

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : FAILURE

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 34.12 LE = 1.07 36.40 EARTH
PS(GK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 ✘ PS(GK)
PS(QK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 ✘ PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 2.36 15.74 ✘ PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 2.36 11.80 ✘ PL(QK)
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 ✘ PW
åP = 67.17
Pp = -2.96 (LP-HN) = 0.05 -0.15 Warning:
å Mo = 97.93 Under some
conditions,surcharge &
Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) line loads may have
Moments Wall = 16.80 1.13 18.90 stabilising effects on the
structure, and it is
Base = 26.40 1.38 36.30
recommended that
Nib = 0.00 0.00 0.00 stability checks should
Earth = 84.00 2.00 168.00 also be carried out
Water = 0.00 2.00 0.00 without these loads.
Surcharge = 30.00 2.00 60.00
Line load = 35.00 2.25 78.75
åV = 192.20 å Mr = 361.95

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 3.70 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 67.17 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = -2.96 kN Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( å V TANØb + B Cb ) = -97.46 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -100.41 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 1.49 < 1.50 FAIL

GROUND BEARING FAI Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m²)
Wall = 16.80 0.25 4.20 0 0 3 9 7 7 16 54 9 3 3 1 7 0
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2.
Base = 26.40 0.00 0.00 50.000

Nib = 0.00 1.38 0.00

Earth = 84.00 -0.63 -52.50
Water = 0.00 -0.63 0.00
Surcharge= 30.00 -0.63 -18.75
Line load = 35.00 -0.88 -30.63
åV= 192.20 å Mv = -97.68

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 97.93 kNm

100.000

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = 0.25 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = 0.00 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 70 kN/m² < 200 OK
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 24-Feb-2019 104

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

gf = 1.46 (default = ult mt / non-factored m1.46 reference
V ult = 87.13 kN
M ult = 53.88 kNm (TENSION - BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 960 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 12 mm
centres = 200 mm < 762 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 565 mm2 < 960 FAIL

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d= 344 mm

z= 326.80 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 73.92 kNm > 53.88 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.16%

vc = 0.38 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 131.42 kN > 87.13 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS8007 :

X= 70.88 mm em = -0.000748 BS8007
Acr = 108.61 mm W= -0.18 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult = 81.56 kN
M ult = 89.21 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 520 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 520 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d= 342 mm

z= 321.99 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 172.64 kNm > 89.21 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.39%

vc = 0.51 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 174.80 kN > 81.56 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH wrt BS8007 : (Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 102.24 mm em = 0.00023 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= 0.05 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type f Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) R 16 150 1340 960 OK
BOTTOM (DESIGN) R 12 200 565 960 As < 960
TRANSVERSE R 12 200 565 960 As < 960
 Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Project
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 24-Feb-2019 105

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 6 R 10 2880 0.617 10.65

VERTICAL - Internal face 9 R 16 2928 1.578 41.59
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 30 R 10 1000 0.617 18.50

BASE TOP (MAIN) 7 R 16 2878 1.578 31.80

BOTTOM (MAIN) 6 R 12 2846 0.888 15.16
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 28 R 12 1000 0.888 24.86
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 6 R 10 1125 0.617 4.16
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 9 R 16 1365 1.578 19.39

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 6 R 10 80 0.617 0.30
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 9 R 16 128 1.578 1.82
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.) 2 R 10 1000 0.617 1.23

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 169.5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC

DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
2.75

1 69.95
0 70.09 3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.275 70.05 3
0.55 70.01 3 M
0.825 69.97 3
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
1.1 69.93 3
KN/M^2

0
1.375 69.89 3
1.65 69.85 3
1.925 69.81 3 50

2.2 69.77 3
2.475 69.73 3 100
2.75 69.69 3
2.75 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
69.95
0 0.00 70.093 0 70.093 0.055 3.855 4.231 0.055 3.855
1 0.06 70.085 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 70.085 0.055 3.855 4.018 0.055 3.855
2 0.11 70.077 2 70.077 0.055 3.854 3.806 0.055 3.854
M
3 0.17 70.068 3 70.068 0.055 3.854 3.594 0.055 3.854
4 0.22 70.060 0 9 7 6 4 3 1 0
4 70.060 0.055 3.853 3.381 0.055 3.853
5 0.28 70.052 .0 .3 .7 .1 .5 .9 .3 .7 5 70.052 0.055 3.853 3.169 0.055 3.853
0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2
KN/M^2

6 0.33 70.044 50.000 6 70.044 0.055 3.852 2.957 0.055 3.852

7 0.39 70.036 7 70.036 0.055 3.852 2.745 0.055 3.852
8 0.44 70.028 8 70.028 0.055 3.852 2.532 0.055 3.852
9 0.50 70.020 9 70.020 0.055 3.851 2.320 0.055 3.851
10 0.55 70.012 10 70.012 0.055 3.851 2.108 0.055 3.851
11 0.61 70.004 11 70.004 0.055 3.850 1.896 0.055 3.850
12 0.66 69.996 100.000 12 69.996 0.055 3.850 1.684 0.055 3.850
13 0.72 69.988 13 69.988 0.055 3.849 1.472 0.055 3.849
14 0.77 69.980 14 69.980 0.055 3.849 1.261 0.055 3.849
15 0.83 69.972 15 69.972 0.055 3.848 1.049 0.055 3.848
16 0.88 69.964 69.95 16 69.964 0.055 3.848 0.837 0.055 3.848
17 0.94 69.955 BP 0 70.093 17 69.955 0.055 3.848 0.625 0.055 3.848
18 0.99 69.947 BPE 1 69.946 18 69.947 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
19 1.05 69.939 BPI 1.25 69.909 19 69.939 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20 1.10 69.931 BPZ 2.75 69.689 20 69.931 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21 1.16 69.923 21 69.923 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
22 1.21 69.915 22 69.915 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
23 1.27 69.907 23 69.907 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
24 1.32 69.899 24 69.899 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
25 1.38 69.891 25 69.891 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 1.43 69.883 26 69.883 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
27 1.49 69.875 27 69.875 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 1.54 69.867 28 69.867 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
29 1.60 69.859 29 69.859 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
30 1.65 69.851 30 69.851 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
31 1.71 69.842 31 69.842 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
32 1.76 69.834 32 69.834 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
33 1.82 69.826 33 69.826 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
34 1.87 69.818 34 69.818 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
35 1.93 69.810 35 69.810 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
36 1.98 69.802 36 69.802 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
37 2.04 69.794 37 69.794 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
38 2.09 69.786 38 69.786 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
39 2.15 69.778 39 69.778 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
40 2.20 69.770 40 69.770 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
41 2.26 69.762 41 69.762 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
42 2.31 69.754 42 69.754 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
43 2.37 69.746 43 69.746 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
44 2.42 69.738 44 69.738 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
45 2.48 69.729 45 69.729 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
46 2.53 69.721 46 69.721 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
47 2.59 69.713 47 69.713 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
48 2.64 69.705 48 69.705 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
49 2.70 69.697 49 69.697 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
50 2.75 69.6891 50 69.689 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
69.324 43.686 69.324

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC

YY= 2.8 MTE= 24.39

MTLG= 13.07
MTLQ= 9.80
MTSG= 13.067
MTSQ= 13.07
MTW= 0.00

UTM= 107.34
107.34
0 0.00 0 0.00
1 0.06 0.023 0.06 MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
2 0.11 0.092 0.11
3 0.17 0.207 0.17

00
0.
ULT. MT (KNM)
4 0.22 0.368 0.22
5 0.28 0.5749 0.28

28
0.
6 0.34 0.8279 0.34
7 0.39 1.1269 0.39

56
0.
8 0.45 1.4718 0.45
9 0.50 1.8628 0.50 12 (M) .84
0

10 0.56 2.2997 0.56

WALL

11 0.62 2.7827 0.62

1.

12 0.67 3.3116 0.67

13 0.73 3.8865 0.73
40
1.

14 0.78 4.5075 0.78

15 0.84 5.1899 0.84
68
1.

16 0.90 6.8735 0.90

17 0.95 8.6031 0.95
96
1.

18 1.01 10.379 1.01

19 1.06 12.2 1.06
24
2.

20 1.12 14.068 1.12

21 1.18 15.981 1.18
52
2.

22 1.23 17.941 1.23

23 1.29 19.946 1.29
80
2.

24 1.34 21.998 1.34

25 1.40 24.096 1.40
26 1.46 26.239 1.46
27 1.51 28.471 1.51
28 1.57 30.924 1.57
29 1.62 33.454 1.62
30 1.68 36.063 1.68
31 1.74 38.753 1.74
32 1.79 41.525 1.79
33 1.85 44.38 1.85
34 1.90 47.321 1.90
35 1.96 50.349 1.96
36 2.02 53.466 2.02
37 2.07 56.673 2.07
38 2.13 59.973 2.13
39 2.18 63.365 2.18
40 2.24 66.854 2.24
41 2.30 70.439 2.30
42 2.35 74.122 2.35
43 2.41 77.906 2.41
44 2.46 81.792 2.46
45 2.52 85.781 2.52
46 2.58 89.875 2.58
47 2.63 94.076 2.63
48 2.69 98.386 2.69
49 2.74 102.81 2.74
50 2.80 107.34 2.80

0 0
0 400 WALL GEOMETRY
1000 400 4000
WALL (mm)

1000 3200
3500
1250 3200
3000
1250 400
2750 400 2500

2750 0 2000
0 0 1500
0 0
1000
0 0
500
0 0
0 0 0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

3200 2750 BASE ( mm)

Page 6
 Diagrams

ade by rc Job No R68

Date 24-Feb-19

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.055 3.855
0.055 3.855
0.055 3.854
0.055 3.854
0.055 3.853
0.055 3.853
0.055 3.852
0.055 3.852
0.055 3.852
0.055 3.851
0.055 3.851
0.055 3.850
0.055 3.850
0.055 3.849
0.055 3.849
0.055 3.848
0.055 3.848
0.055 3.848
0.055 3.847
0.055 3.847
0.055 3.846
0.055 3.846
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
84.710

Page 7
 Diagrams

ade by rc Job No R68

Date 24-Feb-19

Page 8
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Location Grid line 1 CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC Date 24-Feb-19

WALL
MR= 16.26 MIN SPACING= 218 ASreq = 1595.4 fs = 277.72Asprov%= 0.8378
As/bd= 0.008 MSBB= 762 ASBBreq 0.01 fs = 0.005 Asprov%= 0.1644
X= 77.42 MSBT= 766 ASBTreq 692.65 fs = 144.69Asprov%= 0.3919
Ic= 498097662
STS= 0.0014
ST1= 0.0021
ST2= 0.000404
Acr= 77.265761
W= 0.29
em= 0.0017

MR= 16.26 MR= 16.26

AsBB/bd= 0.0016 AsBB/bd= 0.0039
X= 70.88 X= 102.24
Ic= 804681743 Ic= 1.609E+09
STS= 0.0008 STS= 0.0007
ST1= 0.0010 ST1= 0.0009
ST2= 0.0017534 ST2= 0.0006897
Acr= 108.61239 Acr= 86.810337
W= -0.18 W= 0.05
em= -0.0007 em= 0.0002

Page 9
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete Counc
will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use a
(including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepte
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'Spreadshee
8110 and EC2' available from British Cement Association, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshir

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.

Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action

First public release.
06-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes b version comments

Page 10
 Notes

or Reinforced Concrete Council is intended for those who

ke responsibility for its use and application. No liability
vice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
CA software and publications are subject to revision from
on of the latest version.

nying publication 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to BS

Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG45 6YS.

Size (kB)
398

Page 11