General Notes on Drawing

PART I - PILING
(These notes only serve as a checklist, PSEs shall exercise their judgement in selecting appropriate
notes to suit project situations. * indicates optional notes)

Piling Works in General

1 All works shall comply with the General Specification for Building 2007. All piling works shall be to
Section 5 of the Specification.

2 For setting out dimensions see also Architectural Drawing No.______________.

3 All levels shown are in metres and other dimensions shown are in millimetres unless otherwise stated.

4 The following types of piles are not permitted.

(a)

(b)

[Note: 1. PSE shall note the limitations of Mini-piles and Rock-socketted Steel H-piles such as loading
capacities and methods of construction etc. In cases where the pile lengths of Mini-piles and Rock-
socketed Steel H-piles are greater than 35m and 40m respectively, the SSE and CSE shall be consulted.
This is because ground settlement may be a problem for long piles installation.

2. PSE shall ensure that the Particular Specifications for Mini-piles, Rock-socketed Steel H-piles, Non-
percussion cast-in-situ Concrete Piles and Tension Piles are included in the contract document unless
they are not permitted in the contract.]

5 Unless otherwise noted the tentative cut-off level of all piles shall be at P.D.

[Note: If there is more than one cut-off level, indicate the cut-off levels on the Loading Schedule.
Preferably illustrate with typical section(s) showing pile, pile cap, existing and future ground levels.]

*6 Notwithstanding GS Clause 5.01 (iv), live load over the plan area of the pile caps may be taken as
KN/m².

[Note: Only when live load is different from 7.5 KN/m2 ]

*7 Combination of loads from individual elements supported by one large cap is allowed as shown on
Drawing No. . Notwithstanding GS Clause 5.08(vii), the minimum number of piles under the
combined caps is _________ .

*8 Piles of nett length less than m shall not be accepted unless agreed by the SO.

[Note: This is to ensure that the piles will not terminate at a hard layer underlain by softer strata.
Specifying a minimum pile length can ensure that the anticipated suitable founding stratum is reached.]

9 For the purpose of designing capping plates on steel H-piles or the pile head details of precast prestressed
tubular piles, the concrete in the pile caps shall be taken as Grade ______.

*10 Piling contractors shall note that pile head work (such as capping plate for steel-H pile or the plug for
prestressed tubular pile) is part of their specialist works and they shall carry out such work under their
supervision and be responsible for the quality and workmanship.

[Note: This clause applies when the piling work is carried out under a domestic sub-contract.]
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*11 Piles are to be so designed such that the relative settlement of piles/pile groups at working load between
any two adjacent piles/pile groups does not exceed % of the distance between the centroids of
the piles/pile groups under individual cap. Submit a settlement analysis based on actual conditions of
piles installed. Consider the effect of block settlement. The assumed parameters are to be verified at the
contractor’s own expense.

[Note: This clause applies when the differential settlement is expected to be large between two piles/pile
groups because of substantial difference in pile lengths due to abrupt change in subsoil conditions.]

*12 The maximum theoretical safe loading capacity of the piles used shall not be greater than KN.

13 Piles under the same Building Structure as shown on Drawing No. shall be of the same type.
Except for large diameter bored piles, piles under the same pile cap shall be of the same size and
capacity.

14 Notwithstanding GS Clause 5.02(i), subject to the approval of the SO, piles can be designed for a lower
bearing capacity from the theoretical safe loading capacity at specific locations. Those piles with reduced
theoretical safe loading capacity shall be highlighted in the As-Built Drawings for maintenance purposes.

Negative Skin Friction

1 Loads due to negative skin friction need not be considered.

OR

Loads due to negative skin friction (NSF) shall be considered in addition to the loads given in the
Loading Schedule. The NSF shall be considered in the foundation design by using either the
Conventional Approach or the Alternative Approach as stated in Clause 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 respectively of
the Code of Practice for Foundations issued by the Buildings Department with the following restriction:

(i) For non-percussion cast in-situ concrete piles, the use of higher grout strength in order not to
induce structural distress to the body of the pile due to the effect of NSF should be limited to Grade 30.

[Note: This is to ensure that the designed grout strength is achievable in site condition.]

OR

Loads due to negative skin friction (NSF) shall be considered in addition to the loads given in the
Loading Schedule. In addition to the loading cases stated in GS 5.01(v), the NSF shall be considered in
the foundation design as follows:

(a) Dead load + live load

Theoretical Safe Loading Capacity of Piles ≥ D + L + NSF

Where NSF = Negative Skin Friction

D = Dead load
L = Live load

(b) Dead load + live load + wind load

Theoretical Safe Loading Capacity of Piles ≥ D + L + W + NSF

Where NSF = Negative Skin Friction

D = Dead load
L = Live load
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 W = Wind load
2 The calculation of NSF should be referred to Clause 5.06 of the General Specification. For the purpose
of assessing the NSF, the depth from the ground level to the top of the insitu CDG/CDV/dense alluvial
sand shall not be taken as less than ___________m; the water table shall not be taken as higher than
___________P.D. and the soil density shall be taken as _________________.

[Note: Preferably illustrate diagrammatically the G.L., the water table, cut-off level, depth of
compressible material.]

Lateral Loads

1 The wind shears as given in the Loading Schedule are not normally controlling criteria in the design of
common piling systems. If the Tenderer considers otherwise with regard to the system he is proposing,
suitable means of resisting these forces shall be included in his design.

OR

The horizontal loads given in the Loading Schedule shall be taken by battered/raking piles.

OR

The horizontal loads (due to wind or earth pressure) given in the Loading Schedule shall be taken by
piles. Passive resistance of the soil surrounding pile caps shall be ignored. The following criteria shall
be satisfied :-

(i) The design strength of (or the permissible stresses in) the pile shall not be exceeded when the pile
is subjected to the combined action of axial load and moment; and

(ii) The lateral deflection at the top of the pile shall not exceed 20mm.

The coefficient of modulus variation shall be assessed by the method given in GEOGUIDE 1 “Guide to
Retaining Wall Design” issued by the GEO of CEDD but shall not be taken as greater than __________
KN/m3.

[Note: PSE shall put in value that he/she considers to be generally applicable to the site based on the
available GI data.]

The design method given in "Foundation and Earth Structures - Design Manual 7.2" published by
NAVFAC, May 1982 Edition, may be used in assessing the bending moments and the deflection of piles
with due regard on the interaction between the surrounding soil and the pile group (i.e. pile group effect).

The Contractor shall satisfy himself that the above methods of calculating the coefficient of modulus
variation, bending moments and the deflection of piles provide sufficient factor of safety in his design.
Should he consider that these methods do not provide an adequate factor of safety in his design, he shall
submit alternative methods of calculations for the approval of the SO.

2 The horizontal loads given in the Loading Schedule shall not be taken by shear piles.

[Note: Shear piles cannot be accepted because it is very difficult for the Contractor to demonstrate the
overall behaviour of a group of long piles with some relatively shorter piles under lateral load.]

Existing Services & Adjoining Structures : Vibration Monitoring

1 The maximum particle velocity measured at the nearest water main indicated on Drg. No._____________
due to piling operations shall not exceed 15mm/sec. (or 7.5mm/sec. for water retaining structures).

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 [Note: The figures provided are for general cases only, PSEs shall consult the relevant authority before
specifiying a suitable figure for special circumstances, or use the figure specified in the Engineering
Conditions.]

2 The maximum particle velocity measured at [Name of building or other description] indicated on Drg.
No.___________ shall not exceed 25mm/sec.

[Note: The limit of 25mm/s is given notwithstanding the more stringent limit of 15mm/sec for building
structures being adopted in BD practice, which is apparently taken from BS7385: Part 2 and corresponds
to minimal probability of damage. However, according to a paper published in the Structural Engineer (2
August 2005– Issue 15) – “Property Damage from Ground Borne Vibration Caused by Sub-surface
Explosions” by J D McCaughey, for damage in building structures to occur, the peak particle velocity can
be much higher, up to 115mm/sec in practice.]

3 The test piles for this vibration monitoring shall be those under columns/walls _______, ____________,
and ______________.

When Pile Caps are included in the Contract

[Note: If the Contractor is to design pile caps, it may be more convenient to define their top levels instead of
specifying the cut-off level of piles to avoid having different starting levels for columns.]

1 All R.C. work shall be to Section 6 of the Specification.

*2 All pile caps and strap beams shall be part of the Works.

3 The minimum depth of pile caps shall be ____________mm.

4 Grade __________ concrete shall be used.

*5 Tie beams shall be designed and provided to pile caps supported by a single pile or a single row of piles.
Design of tie beams shall cater for the maximum tolerance of 75 mm in piles and the requirements
specified in the Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2004.

[Note: This clause could be used where the clear distance between tie beams and ground beams is at least
2.5 m.]

*6 Notwithstanding GS Clause 5.25(ii)(b), structural concrete shall be site mixed or supplied by a supplier
operating quality procedures to the approval of the SO.

[Note: This clause is only applicable when the site is too remote to be served by ready mixed concrete
suppliers.]

Non-percussion Cast-in-situ Concrete Piles

1 If Non-percussion Cast-in-situ concrete piles are proposed, _______ number of additional drill holes, at
the contractor's expense, have to be carried out to obtain sufficient information for the calculation of pile
length before piling works can commence. The position of the drill holes shall be agreed with the SO on
site. 2 copies of the drill hole logs have to be submitted to the SO.

2 In the estimation of pile depth, the positive shaft friction contributes to the pile resistance shall be taken
from the non-settling soil layers only.

[Note: This is to ensure that the final location of neutral plane (the neutral plane is where there is no relative
movement between the pile and the soil) will be in non-compressible soil layer where the soil settlement is
small.]
3 Refer to the Particular Specification for Non-percussion Cast-in-situ Concrete Piles.
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Steel H-Piles

1 According to GS 5.18 (i), all steel sections must comply with the requirements of BS EN 10025.
However, steel sections manufactured and certified to other equivalent standards, e.g. BS 4360, are
acceptable subject to their compliance with the requirements of BS EN 10025.

2 Employ an approved independent testing firm to carry out and interpret the inspection and testing of
welds as stated in GS Clause 5.18(v).

Precast prestressed tubular piles

*1 If precast prestressed tubular piles are adopted, the contractor shall demonstrate at construction stage by
Dynamic Pile Testing or other approved means that the maximum tensile stress arising solely from pile
driving does not exceed 12MPa.

[Note: This clause is required when tensile stress may become large if a considerable depth of soft soil
exists before reaching bearing stratum.]

Large diameter bored piles

1 Piles with bell-out at bases are not permitted in this project.

OR

Piles with bell-out at bases are permitted in this project and the design shall be in accordance with the
Particular Specification for Large Diameter Bored Piles with Bell-out.

[ Note: PSE shall refer to the Guidelines on the Design of Large Diameter Bored Piles with Bell-out for
restrictions regarding concrete compressive strength and pile diameter. Should piles with bell-out at
bases be allowed in the project, the PSE shall ensure the Particular Specification for Large Diameter
Bored Piles with Bell-out is included in the contract document.]

2 Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks are not permitted in this project.

OR

Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks are permitted in this project and the design shall be
in accordance with the Particular Specification for Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks.

[Note: PSE shall refer to the Guidelines on the Design of Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into
Bedrocks for restrictions regarding concrete compressive strength and RQD. Should Large Diameter
Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks be allowed in the project, the PSE shall ensure the Particular
Specification for Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks is included in the contract
document.]

3 In the design of the capacity of Large Diameter Bored Piles, combining the rock socket side resistance
and bell-out at the pile base to increase the load-carrying capacity shall not be allowed. For bell-out piles,
the side resistance of rock socket shall be ignored.

4 Large Diameter Bored Piles with bell-out at bases and Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into
Bedrocks shall not be used simultaneously under the same Building Structure unless approved by the SO.
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5 Notwithstanding Clause 5.35 (vii) of the General Specification, for Large Diameter Bored Pile (LDBP)
exceeding 2500 mm diameter, at least 2 numbers of the mild steel tubes shall be replaced with larger
tubes to enable toe coring. The toe coring length shall be more than 1300 mm of which at least 700 mm
shall be into bedrock.

[ Note: For LDBP exceeding 2500 mm diameter, the Contractor may be required to install 2 or more
large sonic tubes to establish the toe coring and bedrock level over the footprint of that pile.]
*6 For large diameter bored piles with diameters greater than 2000 mm reversed circulation drill (RCD)
must be used in to set the pile shaft in rock and smooth out the rock surface. Should the contractor
propose to use a similar machine and equipment that achieves equivalent results and of equal
performance to that of the RCD, the contractor shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the SO before
submitting for approval.

Jacked Steel H-piles

*1 Jacked Steel H-piles are permitted in this project.

[Note: Should Jacked Steel H-piles be allowed in the project, the PSE shall state it specifically in the
general notes, inform PQS and ensure the Particular Specification is included in the contract document.
PSE shall note all the limitations of this pile system such as densification effect and methods of
construction etc. As jacked piles can be terminated at a higher level than driven steel H-piles under the
same ground conditions, PSE should be careful not to use this system for high-rise buildings or where
piles are driven at very close spacings (such as pile raft) because of the possibility of “densification”. The
main consideration is whether the layer of soil below pile tip level will give rise to large settlement.]

*2 Refer to the Particular Specification for Jacked Steel H-piles.

Caissons (Note: Advance approval has to be sought from the Senior Staff Meeting on the use of caissons
and ETWB has to be informed if caissons are to be used)

1 Submit method statement of caisson construction which, inter alia, shall include: sequence of excavation,
dewatering (if any) and the system of monitoring movements of adjoining structures, pavements and
services. Failure to submit this information may invalidate the Tender.

*2 Caissons with enlarged bases are not permitted.

OR

Caissons with enlarged bases are permitted but subject to approval by SO.

Part II - GENERAL NOTES FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE

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 WORKS

1 All works shall comply with General Specification for Building 2007. All RC works shall be to *Section
6/*Section 8 of the Specification.

2 All structural drawings are to be read in conjunction with the relevant Architect's/PSM's/BSE's drawings.
Inform the SO of any discrepancies which may be found amongst these drawings.

3 All levels shown are in metres and other dimensions shown are in millimetres unless otherwise stated.

*4 Design bearing pressure of foundations shall be ____kPa. All levels and sizes of foundations shown are
tentative, they may be adjusted to suit actual site conditions.

(*Delete if piling is adopted for sub-structure)

5 Subsoil underneath all foundations shall be inspected by the Project Structural Engineer before casting of
blinding layers.

6 No reinforcement shall be cut or bent for foundation works before casting of blinding layers.

7 50mm thick blinding layer of Grade 10/20 concrete shall be provided on the underside of all foundations
and ground beams in contact with earth.

*8 Allow for the following provisional quantities of compaction tests in accordance with G.S. clause 3.21:

a) GEO GEOSPEC 3 (Optimum moisture content and maximum dry density) ________ Nos.

b) GEO GEOSPEC 3 (Relative compaction) _______ Nos.

(*Delete if inappropriate. Insert the numbers of tests required)

9 Concrete mixes for structural elements shall be as follows:-

Grades Elements

____________ _____________________________________

____________ _____________________________________

(e.g.
Grades Elements

30/20 beams, slabs & columns, water tanks

30/40 footing)

*For ________, water/cement ratio of concrete shall not exceed ______ and concrete may contain an
approved water reducing admixture.

* 10 Notwithstanding GS Clause 6.26, structural concrete shall be site mixed or supplied by a supplier
operating quality procedures to the approval of the SO.

[Note: This clause is only applicable when the site is too remote to be served by ready mixed concrete
suppliers]

* 11 The control of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete shall be in accordance with GS Clause 6.47.1 to
6.47.4.
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 [Note: Applicable where concrete grade is better than 40. Refer to GEO Report No. 167 and Appendix
A of WBTC 5/94 for technical details.]

OR

The control of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete in the General Specification shall not be applied in
this project.

[ Note: This is applicable when the entire concrete structure is completely shielded from the exterior, i.e.
enclosed in curtain walling.]

* 12 In the design mixes of concrete, the cementitious content shall not be less than kg/m3.

[Note: Applicable for fair face concrete, refer to Table 3.4 of BS8110:1985 for guidance.]

* 13 Notwithstanding GS Clause 6.25, nominal concrete cover to reinforcement, including links and stirrups,
shall be as follows:-

Slabs and walls - ______

Beams - ______
Water tanks - ______
Works below ground - ______

or cover to main bars not less than the diameter of main bars, whichever is the greater.

* 14 Steel bars shall be hot rolled plain round bars (denoted by R) or deformed high yield bars (denoted by T)
to Construction Standard 2:1995. All reinforcement shall be cut or bent to comply with BS 4466:1989.
Epoxy coated high yield reinforcement denoted by ET shall comply with the General Specification.

15 Allow for sufficient steel chairs to support top reinforcement in slabs, stair flights and rafts exceeding
150 thick and U-bars to keep vertical wall reinforcement in its correct alignment.

16 Holes and pockets in structural elements shall not be allowed unless agreed by the PSE.

* 17 Design, construct and dismantle false work to the _______ in accordance with BS 5975:1982.

(Delete if inappropriate. Insert the location in which this clause is appropriate)

18 No tropical hardwood propping shall be used to support formwork for concrete work unless agreed
otherwise by the SO.

* 19 The design of formwork or falsework including supports and foundations shall be submitted to the SO for
approval prior to commencement of any such construction activity. *The temporary works indicated on
Drawing No. require an independent checking engineer to carry out works stated in the
Special Conditions of Contract and Particular Specification.

20 The position and method of forming construction joints including sample treatment shall be submitted
and approved prior to work on site.

* 21 For concrete in pile caps or large raft foundations, measures shall be taken in curing to minimise thermal
differentials occurring in the concrete sections. The side formwork shall not be removed during the
curing and as soon as the concrete is cast and bleeding water disappears, the surface shall be cured for a
minimum of 4 days using either:-

(i) *Cover the concrete with a layer of fine aggregate, minimum 25mm thick, and keep it constantly
wet.
OR

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 (ii) *Cover the surface with one layer of 50mm thick polystyrene boards and secure with canvas on
top.

* 22 The Particular Specification for “Reinforced Massive Concrete Structures” shall apply.

[Note: Clause (21) is applicable where structural concrete members have a least dimension less than
1500mm. Clause (22) applies where structural concrete members have a least dimension exceeding
1500mm.]

23 For ground floor slab and paving slab construction, see Standard Structural Detail Drawing No. SD/018
to SD/025.

* 24 Allow ______ numbers of 100 diameter core samples to be taken from the finished concrete work for the
28 days strength test in accordance with CS1.

[Note: Concrete core shall be cut, prepared & tested to CS1. In-situ cube-strength shall be estimatecd in
accordance with CS 1]

* 25 The pre-camber of Beam No. shall be mm.

26 Use of standard architectural details

(To be used as General Notes on detail drawing)

For details of reinforcement in partition wall/flower bed/ ___________, see architectural standard
drawing no. ____________.

* 27 Non structural concrete walls are not shown on structural framing plans. Refer to Architectural Drawing
for locations.

28 GS Clause 6.57 (i) shall be replaced with “ The extent of voids in the cores exceed 1.5% in accordance
with BS1881: Part 120:1983.”

* 29 Notwithstanding GS Clause 3.01 (vi), recycled aggregates of 40 mm size shall also be used as hardcore
for this project.

OR

Grade 200 recycled rock fill shall be used in 200mm thick hardcore for this project.

* 30 Notwithstanding that all RC works shall comply with Section 6 of the General Specification, GS Clause
8.22 shall be applicable and the concrete with 100% recycled coarse aggregates shall be used in the
prescribed mix concrete for the following construction:

Concrete Grade Construction

20/20R *benches, stools, planter walls, blinding layers, manholes, trenches, pedestrian
concrete pavement, mass concrete wall or filling and other minor structures
specified in the drawing

* 31 In addition to GS Clause 6.42.3, concrete with 20% recycled coarse aggregates shall be used in the
designed mix concrete for the following construction:

Concrete Grade Construction

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 *25/20R *pedestrian concrete pavement, basketball courts, planters, benches, stools, mass
concrete retaining walls and other structures specified in the drawing

*30/20R *screen walls, retaining walls, driveway/carpark concrete pavement, substructure

or including spread footings, pile caps and tie beams and other structures specified
*35/20R in the drawing

[Note: The GS on recycled aggregates will be applicable only “when specified” to be used in the
contract. Hence, before the use of recycled aggregates is specified in the General Notes, drawings or
other contract documents, the PSE should check their availability. Refer to SE Instruction No. 02/2003
for examples of using recycled aggregate.]

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 PART III - STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
1 All works shall comply with General Specification for Building 2007. All Structural Steelwork shall be
to Section 15 of the Specification.

2 All structural drawings shall be read in conjunction with the relevant *Architect's/PSM's drawings.
Inform the SO of any discrepancies which may be found amongst these drawings.

3 All level shown are in meters and other dimensions shown are in millimetres unless otherwise stated.

4 Except specified otherwise, all structural steel shall be hot-rolled or hot-finished structural steel
complying with BS EN 10025 or BS EN 10210 respectively. All structural steel shall be Grade *S275 /
S355JR, except that hot-finished hollow sections shall be Grade *S275J0H / S275J2H / S355J0H /
S355J2H complying with BS EN 10210-1.
OR

All structural steel, except hollow sections, shall be hot-rolled structural steel complying with BS EN
10025 and shall be Grade *S275 / S355JR unless specified otherwise. Hollow sections shall be cold
formed *Grade S275J2H / S355J2H complying with BS EN 10219.

[Note: Small hot finished hollow sections with overall size less than say 150mm may be difficult to
obtain in the market. PSEs should base their design on cold-formed sections for minor steel structures.
Should weldable cold-formed structural hollow sections be used, the structural steel design shall conform
to BS 5950 Part 1.]

5 Should the Contractor be unable to obtain the specified steel sections, they shall submit alternative
sections of at least equal strength and properties to the SO for approval. Where joint details have to be
modified as a result, joint details and shop drawings also have to be submitted to the SO for approval
before work is put in hand. All additional costs arising there from shall be borne by the Contractor.

6 All bolts shall be Grade *4.6 / 8.8 / 10.9 to BS 4190, and nuts shall be Grade *4 /8 /10 to BS 4190.
Unless specified otherwise, all bolts shall be _____ mm diameter.

*7 Drill anchor bolts shall be (TYPE) or equivalent approved. The manufacturer's recommended installation
procedures shall be strictly adhered to.

All drill anchor bolts for external environment shall be in Grade A4 stainless steel to BS EN ISO 3506.
Electroplated anchors and hot-dip galvanized anchors are not allowed.

*8 Grout around foundation bolts and under column base plates shall be *fluid cement mortar to GS Clause
15.15/ an approved proprietary non-shrink polymer modified cementitious or resin based grout.

9 All welding shall be _____mm fillet welds in accordance with BS EN 1011-1 together with other clauses
contained in the GS, unless otherwise stated.

*10 All structural steelwork shall be *manually cleaned to GS Clause 15.61(i) / mechanically cleaned to GS
Clause 15.61(ii) and shall receive protective painting in accordance with Type *A/B in GS Table 15.7.
Submit paint manufacturer’s data sheet for approval before use.

OR

All structural steelwork shall be blast cleaned to Clause 15.61(iii), and shall receive protective painting in
accordance with Type *C/D/E in GS Table 15.7. All bolts, washers and nuts shall be hot-dip galvanized
to BS EN ISO1461 and pretreated by degreasing, rinsing and British Rail T wash before receiving any
painting. Submit paint manufacturer’s data sheet for approval before use.

OR
All structural steelwork including bolts, washers, nuts and welded connections shall be hot dip galvanized
to BS EN ISO1461.
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 Small areas of galvanized coating damaged by welding, cutting or rough treatment or erection shall be
made good by *the use of at least two coats of zinc rich paint to BS 4652 to Clause 15.63/ blast cleaning
to not inferior to Swedish Standard SIS 055900 Sa 2.5 and followed by 2-packed epoxy based zinc rich
primer to BS 4652.

* Painting to galvanized structural steel shall be as Table 15.7 Type *F / G of the GS. Submit paint
manufacturer’s data sheet for approval before use.

*11 Provide *½ hour/ 1 hour/ 2 hours/ 4 hours Fire Resistance Period (FRP) protection to structural steel by
*sprayed mineral coating to BS 8202: Pt. 1/ intumescent coating system to BS 8202: Pt. 2 / proprietary
fire protection board in accordance with GS Clauses 15.66-72 to the exposed surfaces of the following
structural elements/location: *structural frames/ columns/ beams/ purlins.

[Note: The FRP required shall be determined according to the prescriptive approach in Table 2 in the
Code of Practice for Fire Resisting Construction or the result of fire-engineering study. According to the
Code of Practice for Fire Resisting Construction, fire protection to structural elements is required for
load-bearing member forming element of construction; but no protection is required for elements of
construction forming the roof or part of the roof, except in some circumstances. For details, please refer
to SEB Guidelines which will be issued soon.]

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 PART IV MISCELLANEOUS
1 Settlement Monitoring System

Install, maintain and monitor no. of ground settlement markers and * no. of building settlement
markers at locations to be determined by the SO on site. Employ an approved independent registered
professional surveyor to carry out bi-weekly surveys of the settlement markers during the entire contract
period and monthly surveys of the settlement markers during the maintenance period. Submit 3 copies
of the survey results to the SO within 3 days of the surveying.

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 Explanatory Notes to Revision

Part I

Clause 1 is revised to specify that all works shall comply with the General Specification for Building 2007.

Explanatory note under Clause 4 is revised to remind PSE to consult CSE/SSE for pile lengths of Mini-piles and
Rock-socketed Steel H-piles greater than 35m and 40m respectively.

Clause 7 is revised to specify the minimum number of piles under the combined caps.

Clause 14 is revised to specify that SO approval shall be sought if piles are designed for a lower bearing capacity
from the theoretical safe loading capacity at specific locations.

Negative Skin Friction

A new option is introduced to allow considering NSF in foundation design by using an alternative approach.

Lateral Loads

A new Clause is introduced to specify that the use of shear piles to take lateral loads shall not be allowed.

Non-percussion Cast-in-situ Concrete Piles

A new Clause is introduced to specify that the positive shaft friction contributes to the pile resistance shall be
taken from the non-settling soil layers only.

Steel H-Piles

Clauses 1 and 2 are deleted as they have been incorporated in GS 2007.

A new Clause is introduced to specify that approved independent testing firm shall be employed to carry out and
interpret the inspection and testing of welds as stated in GS Clause 5.18(v).

Large Diameter Bored Piles

The existing Clause is revised to add the design method of Large Diameter Bored Piles with bell-out at bases.

A new Clause is added to cater for the introduction of Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks.

Clauses are introduced to impose restrictions on the use of Large Diameter Bored Piles with bell-out at bases
and Large Diameter Bored Piles Socketed into Bedrocks.

Jacked Steel H-piles

Explanatory note is expanded to elaborate the restrictions on the use of Jacked Steel H-piles.

Structural Engineering Branch, Arch. SD Page 15 of 16 Filecode : SEI0107.doc

SE Instruction No. 01/ 07 WWL/MKW
Issue Date : September 2007 Revision Date :
Part II

Original Clause 9 is deleted as it has been incorporated in the GS 2007.

Clause 9 is revised to specify structural concrete only. The specification for PFA is deleted as it has been
incorporated in the GS 2007.

Clause 10 is revised as the requirement of supplying structural concrete from a supplier registered under the
Quality Scheme for the Production and Supply of Concrete has been incorporated in the GS 2007.

Clause 13 is revised as the suggested cover provisions have been incorporated in the GS 2007.

Original Clause 24 is deleted as it has been incorporated in the GS 2007.

Part III

Clause 1 is revised to specify that all works shall comply with the General Specification for Building 2007.

Clause 4 is revised to adopt the use of BS EN 10025 for structural steel.

Clause 6 is revised to specify that all bolts and nuts shall be to BS 4190.

Clause 7 is revised to specify that all anchor bolts for external environmental shall be Grade A4 stainless steel.

Original Clause 8 is deleted as it has been incorporated in the GS 2007.

Clause 8 is added to specify the requirements of grout around foundation bolts and under column base plates.

Clause 10 is revised to match the GS 2007.

Clause 11 is added to address the fire protection requirements for structural steel.

Structural Engineering Branch, Arch. SD Page 16 of 16 Filecode : SEI0107.doc

SE Instruction No. 01/ 07 WWL/MKW
Issue Date : September 2007 Revision Date :