Adeeb Nazia, M.V.

Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD SOLUTION FOR OSCILLATORY MOTION OF

A MEMORY FLUID THROUGH POROUS MEDIA WITH A HORIZONTAL
FORCE

Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy*, Rafiuddin**, Arjumand Sattar***

N.S.A.K. Centre of P.G. Studies and Research, Hyderabad, India

ABSTRACT

Finite element method solution for oscillatory motion of a memory fluid through porous media
with a horizontal force, has been obtained for two cases. Expressions for the velocity of fluid and
skin friction are obtained for both the cases. Influence of visco-elastic parameter, permeability
parameter and force parameter on velocity profile and and also on skin friction is shown
graphically.

Key words: Oscillatory motion, Walter’s liquid B’, Porous medium.

1. Introduction

The flow of fluid between the two parallel plates has been a subject of immense interest
and importance to theoretical as well as experimental investigators because of it
occurrence in rheometric experiments to ascertain the constitutive properties of fluid.

The study of flows through porous medium has become the basis for many scientific and
engineering applications. This type of flow is of great importance to the petroleum
engineer concerned with the movement of oil or gas field, to the hydrologist in his study
of the migration of underground water, and to the chemical engineer in connection with
filtration process.

The constitutive equation for the rhelogical equations of state for a memory fluid
(Walter’s liquied B model) given by Walter (1960, 1962). Grover (1968) studied the
motion of an incompressible viscous fluid bounded by two infinite plates, the upper one
is fixed andd the other executing a simple harmonic oscillation in its own plane. Siddappa
and Shanker Hegde (1972) have extended the Grover’s work for oscillatory motion of
viscoelastic flued given by Rivlin-Ericksen constitutive equation. Also they have
considered the case when both the plates vibrate with the same amplitude and frequency.
In both the cases it has been found that the velocity increases or decreases as the
viscoelastic parameter decreases or increases. Rajput (1991) has studied the oscillatory
motion of couple stress memory fluid. Rafiuddin and Chetty (1993) have studied the
oscillatory motion of non-newtonian fluid through porous medium. Rafiuddin and M.V.
Ramana Murthy (2006) have studied the oscillatory motion of a memory fluid through
porous media with horizontal force.

* Dept. of Mathematics, O.U., Hyderabad, India, ** Dept. of Mathematics, CVR Institute

of Eng. & Tech., *** Dept. of Mathematics, N.S.A.K. Centre of P.G. Studies and
Research, Hyderabad, India.

1
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

The aim of the present investigation is to study oscillatory motion of memory fluid
(Walter’s liquid B’ model) through porous medium with a horizontal force, which is
bounded by two infinite parallel plates.

The problems are solved for the following two cases:

CASE-I: The upper plate is fixed and the lower plate is executing simple harmonic
oscillations in its own plane.
CASE-II: Both plates are vibrating with same amplitude and frequency.

2. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEMS

Consider the oscillatory motion of memory fluid of (Walter’s liquid B); bounded by two
infinite parallel plates through porous media with ahorizontal force. Let the direction of
motion of the fluid be along x axis, which is chosen along the lower plate and y axis
perpendicular to it. Let (u,v,w) be the velocity components of the fluid. For the present
study v = w=0. The velocity of the oscillating plate at any instant is taken as u=Re(u0e-iwt)
where ‘Re’ represents the real part. For convenience we drop the expression ‘Re’ but we
take the real part of the final result. The equation of motion governing the memory flow
of (Walter’s liquid B’) with horizontal force flollwoing Lamb (1932) is of the form:

∂u  ∂2u   ∂2u   v 
= v 2  − β  2  −  u + X (2.1)
∂t  ∂y   ∂y ∂t   k 

And the equation of continuity is

∂u
=0 (2.2)
∂x

Where ν is kinematic viscosity, β is kinematic visco-elasticity, k is permeability of

porous media and X= f cos( ωt +ε ) is an external horizontal force per unit mass. The
equation will now be made dimensionless by introducing the non-dimensional quantities.

u1 = u / u0, y1 = y / y0, t1=ν t / y02, S = β / y02, K1 = k / y02, F1 = Xy02 /ν u0 (2.3)

Where u0 and y0 being the characteristic velocity and length respectively. Substituting in
(2.1) and dropping the dashes for simplicity, we get

∂u  ∂ 2 u   ∂ 2  ∂u   u 
=  −S   −   + F (2.4)
∂t  ∂t 2   ∂y 2  ∂t   k 

Where S, K and F are visco-elastic parameter, permeability parameter and force

parameter respectively.

2
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

3. SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM

We solve the problem for the following two cases:

Case-I:
Let the lower plate is executing simple harmonic oscillations in its own plate whereas
the upper plate is fixed. In this case the boundary conditions are

y = 0 , u = u0 e-iwt , y = 2 y0 , u = 0 (3.1)

Where 2 y0 is the clearance distance between the vibrating plate and fixed
plate.Introducing dimensionless frequency w1 given by w1=w y02 /ν and using (2.3),the
boundary conditions in (3.1) in dimensionless form reduces to

y = 0, u = e-iwt, y = 2, u=0 (3.2)

to solve the equation (2.4), we assume the solution of the form

u = f(y) e-iwt (3.3)

Now applying the boundary condition (3.2) to (3.3), we get

y = 0 , f(y) = 1, y = 2, f(y) = 0 (3.4)

Substituting (3.3) into (2.4), we have

f ′′ (y) + m f (y) = - F ( eiwt / ( 1+ iSw))

f ′′ (y) + m f (y) = A
(3.5)

Where m = (Kw2S – 1) + iw (K + S) / K (1 + S2 w2), A = - F (eiwt / (1+ iSw)) (3.6)

Through Finite element method using Galerkin method for solving (3.5) under the
boundry conditions (3.4), we get

f (y) = 1/2 (2 – y ) + [A11 + i B11 / B1] (y2 – 2y) (3.7)

Therefore the velocity expression from (3.3) becomes

u1(y) = { 1/2 (2 – y ) + [A11 + i B11 / B1] (y2 – 2y)} e-iwt (3.8)

Extracting the real part, the velocity of the fluid is given by

u11 = 1/2 (2 – y) cos wt + {(A11 cos wt + B11 sin wt ) /B1}(y2 – 2y ) (3.9)

3
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

From (3.9) , dimensionless skin friction at lower plate is given by

∂
T11= ∂ y
( u11) at y = 0
T11= - {1/2 cos wt + 2(A11 cos wt + B11 sin wt ) /B1} (3.10)

Where the constants are :

A = - F {(coswt + w S sinwt)/(1 + w2S2)}

A11 = (a1-A a6) (a3 - a4) + (a2 a5 )

B11 = a2 ( a3 – a4 ) +(A a5 a6 ) – a1 a5

B1 = ( a3 – a4 )2 + (a5)2

a1 = 5 (K S w2 – 1 )

a2 = 5 w (K + S )

a3 = 8 (K S w2 – 1 )

a4 = 20 K (1 + S2 w2 )

a5 = 8 w (K + S )

a6 = 10 K (1 + S2 w2 )

Case-II:
Here we consider the case when both the plates vibrate with the same amplitude
and frequency.

The boundry conditions are

y = 0 , u = u0 e-iwt , y = 2 y0 , u = u0 e-iwt ( 3.11)

Reducing to the dimensionless form as in case-I the modified boundry conditions are

y = 0, u = e-iwt , y=2, u = e-iwt (3.12)

As in case-I,we take the solution of the form

u = g(y) e-iwt (3.13)

Now substituting (3.13) in (2.4) we get

g ′′ (y) + m g(y) = - F ( eiwt / ( 1+ iSw))

4
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

g ′′ (y) + m g(y) = A
(3.14)

Where m and A is given by (3.6). Now applying the boundary condition (3.12) to (3.13),
we get

y = 0 , g(y) = 1, y = 2, g(y) = 1 (3.15)

Through Finite element method using Galerkin method for solving (3.14) under the
boundry conditions (3.15), we get

g(y) = 1 + [(A22 + i B22) /B2] (y2 – 2y) (3.16)

The velocity expression is given by

u2(y) = { 1+ [(A22 + i B22) / B2] (y2 – 2y)} e-iwt (3.17)

The real part of the velocity of the fluid is

u22 = 1 cos wt + {(A22 cos wt + B22 sin wt ) /B2}(y2 – 2y ) (3.18)

Making use of (3.18) , non dimensional shearing stress at lower plate is given by

T22= - 2{(A22 cos wt + B22 sin wt ) /B2} (3.19)

Where the constants are :

A = - F {(coswt + w S sinwt)/(1 + w2S2)}

A22 = (a11-A a12) (a14 – a15) + (a13 a16 )

B22 = a13 ( a14 – a15 ) - a16 (a11-A a12)

B2 = ( a14 – a15 )2 + (a16)2

a11 = 5 (K S w2 – 1 )

a12 = 5 K (1 + S2 w2 )

a13 = 5 w (K + S )

a14 = 4 (K S w2 – 1 )

a15 = 10 K (1 + S2 w2 )

a16 = 5 w (K + S )

5
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS:

1. From the figures (1) and (7) it is found that velocity u increases as permeability
parameter K increases for a fixed values of S=0.5,w=1,t=0.6,F=0.2.

2. . From the figures (2) and (8) it is found that velocity u decreases as visco-elastic
parameter S increases for a fixed values of K=0.2,w=1,t=0.6,F=0.2.

3. . From the figures (3) and (9) it is found that velocity u increases as Force
parameter F increases for a fixed values of K=0.2,w=1,t=0.6,S=0.5.

4. From the figures (4) and (10) it is found that the absolute value of skin friction T
decreases as permeability parameter K increases for a fixed values of S=0.5, w=1,
t=0.6, F=0.2.

5. From the figures (5) and (11) it is found that the absolute value of skin friction T
decreases as visco-elastic parameter S increases for a fixed values of K=0.2, w=1,
t=0.6, F=0.2.

6. From the figures (6) and (12) it is found that the absolute value of skin friction T
decreases as Force parameter F increases for a fixed values of K=0.2, w=1, t=0.6,
S=0.5.

6
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig.1: Velocity profile

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5
Fig:2 Velocity profile
0.4
0.8
u11

0.3
0.7

0.2
0.6

0.1
0.5
7
0
0.4
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig.3:Velocity pro

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5
Fig:4 Skin friction f

1.40.4
u11

0.3
1.2
0.2

10.1
8

0
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig:5 Skin friction f

1.4

1.2

1
Fig:6 Skin frict

0.8
1.4
T11

0.6
1.2

0.4
1

0.2
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig:7 Velocity profiles fo

0.8

0.7

0.6

Fig:8 Velocity profiles fo

0.5
0.8
U22

0.4
0.7

0.3
0.6

0.2
0.5 10
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig:9 Velocity profile

0.8

0.7

0.6

Fig:10 Skin friction for

0.5
1.8
U22

0.4
1.6

0.3
1.4

1.2
0.2
11
1
 Adeeb Nazia, M.V. Ramana Murthy, Rafiuddin, Arjumand Sattar

Fig:11 Skin friction for

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2 Fig:12 Skin friction

1.8
1
T22

1.6
0.8

1.4
0.6

1.2
0.4
12