8.

MIXED-USE PROPOSAL DORMITORY AND HOTEL HIGH-RISE

8.2.1. Users

Guest Cycle

Fig. _ Hotel guests cycle

The operation is mainly determined by the type and number of guest transactions
which take place during the four different phases of the guest cycle.

• Pre-arrival
The stage where the guests conducts room reservations.
• Arrival
The point when the guests arrives at the hotel.
• Occupancy
The period in which the guests stays at the hotel.
• Departure
The point in which the guests checks out and leaves the hotel.
5-star hotel requirements, January, 2015.
 Fig. _ Behavioral pattern of hotel guests

Hotels: A Pattern Book, 2010

Activities in dormitory environment:

 Studying

Students study at different rates. Some of them need long period of concentration,
others relatively short periods, distributed with intervals of social or recreational
activities. The desk should support reading, note taking, or use several sources. The
space requirements for multiple references, collection of materials, or large belongings
create overflow onto the bed or floor. Consequently work is done on the floor of the
room, particularly if it is carpeted, and on the bed.

Bookshelves are generally inadequate in size and length. Moreover, the shelves are
usually in places of difficult access and are poorly illuminated. There is a need for more
shelves, preferably adjustable and flexible as to placement.

 Sleeping and Relaxation

The student’s pattern of activity is rarely conforming; he or she may sleep at any time
of the day or night. Reading is more often done in a comparatively relaxed position on
the bed or easy chair. However, the bed is seldom designed to provide the slight slope
for proper sitting; therefore some adjustments are necessary.

 Socializing

Most of the time student’s room is provide place for social interaction. A bed with
cushions or pillows tossed about is not acceptable because of the difficulty of sitting
upright comfortably. The most desirable condition of the bed is using it as a sofa, with
its contributions as a living room furnishing.

8.2.2. Site/Environment

Dormitory

Living spaces are places in which individual environmental communication

is most intensively perceived. Similar to a person’s expectations from his house,
what students expect from dormitory rooms is to conduct their vital activities safely
and tranquilly. In dormitory buildings where students having different cultures, values,
and habits live a common life by keeping together, spaces should be designed so as
to make them feel at home. Bedrooms are the most significant units of dormitories in
which students spend most of the time out the school. Bedrooms should be such as
to fulfill students’ individual needs. In this regard, the rooms should be properly
planned and decorated considering such activities as sleeping, studying, and resting.

It should provide the same comfort as at home. The room should include fittings
which will respond to all needs and have required space sizes. Beside this, it should
also cater communal life. The room should be designed regarding students’ needs
and considering them as a human being. The rooms should not be filled up with
students and described as a simple space where students only sleep and get up.

People display three general categories of responses to any social object

according to researchers. These are affective, cognitive, and behavioral. Actually,
these are the ways that people respond to their living environment, and these are the
dimensions available for understanding a dorm environment.

Feldmen and Newcomb (1969) had 7 pointed out that student’s perceptions of
the overall college environment are affected by their living area in that environment.
For that reason dormitory as a living environment should satisfy the needs of students.
Mullins (1968) stated that people’s needs for living are physical, social, and personal.
These are not only special to residence in so far as they can be satisfied elsewhere.
Mullins (1968) also, claimed that residence provides a special place for people. Some
are satisfied by the design of the building, others by social organization. In practice,
they affect one another, and are impossible to separate.

Besides stating the residential satisfaction in terms of physical, social, and personal
need, it can be explained in turns of emotional response, the positive or negative
feeling that the occupants have for where they live.

 Location

Developments off campus should ideally be a maximum of twenty minutes walking

time from the closest University campus. The walking route must be via a well-lit
populated area. Where developments are proposed at a further distance from campus,
fully integrated transport options, reflecting the varying needs of the student
population, must be proposed. This must include day and night time bus services. A
safe cycle route is also deemed essential.

 Proximity to Facilities

Developments off campus must be in close proximity to facilities such as food

shops, cafes and options for refreshment and entertainment. These facilities should
be within a safe short walking distance if not immediately adjacent to or part of the
development.

Room dimensions must be able to accommodate:

• Furniture size and design

 • Furniture use of space and room size and shape that affect two levels of
possible changes;
• Adaptability of furniture arrangements
• Divisibility of space-physical or visual separation of activities

One important design objective is the flexibility of the room usage in planning.
Researches shows that student living in a flexible room spend more time in their room
and receive more visitors. Room flexibility is often defined as the degree to which the
furniture in a room can be rearranged.

Hotel

• Location

Location is one of the important factor for commercial success, depend on market
orientation hotel should generally be conspicuous and sited near the main road. it shall
have proper ingress and egress and the façade and architecture features shall be
appropriately designed.

• Parking

There shall an adequate and secured parking spaces provided for the customers.

• Lighting

Adequate lighting dining rooms, public rooms, comfort rooms, corridors and other
public areas. Hotels need different types of lighting to create the right atmosphere for
various purposes: inviting reception areas, restaurants with an intimate atmosphere,
warm but functional bedrooms, professionally equipped conference rooms,
sophisticated bars, relaxing wellness areas and energizing fitness suites.

A modern lighting control system gives enormous flexibility in professional

conference rooms so the lighting can be adjusted for specific tasks. The right lighting
is crucial importance in creating external appearance of the hotel at night whether
large or small, modern or traditional.

• Principle relationship of parts of medium size hotel is - separation of guest

housing and service areas: no circular crossing and distinction between front
and back of house.
• Organization of back of house such that staff and goods are separate far as
possible and control con be maintained over both
 • There should be a reception, cash and information counter attended by
qualified, trained and experienced - personnel conference room / banquet halls
and private dining room.
• There should be book stall, beauty parlor, barber shop, recognized travel
counter, money changing and safe depositing facilities, left luggage room and
A Shop And Medicines and such.
• There should be a telephone In each room And telephones for the use of guests
and visitors and provision for a radio or relayed music in each room.

8.3. Architecture Styles and Character

Dormitory

The Generic Type of Student residences:

1. Low-Rise Structures

All the residences were low-rise structures. None of them exceeded four
floors. With the exception of three halls, which had four floors and two halls which
were two floors, the remaining fifteen halls had three floors only.

2. Corridor Accessed Bedrooms

All the residences were characterized by a series of rooms accessed from the
corridors. This form of access was a strong characteristic of these residences because
it was pervasive, distinct.

3. The Service Core

Another characteristic worth noting is the service core. The service core
comprised the vertical accesses, the kitchen and the sanitary facilities, all designed as
a unit.

.4. Hierarchies of Spatial Organization

There are hierarchies of spatial organization in dormitories such as the floor,

the block and the hall. Specific facilities were shared at each of these levels. The
bedroom was the first level of spatial composition because it comprised a number of
bed spaces. The floor, which comprised the bedroom, the service core and the
corridor access, was the second level of spatial composition. The floors were
organized into blocks and the blocks defined the whole hall. The blocks and the hall
represented the third and the final levels of spatial organization.

Fig. _ Different Spatial organizations of student dormitory

Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research - Volume 1 - Issue 3 -

November 2007

H.3.2. Different Building Configurations

The block

In block typology, it fills the gap on the site by

continuing the lines from the adjacent buildings. It
creates a front which emphasizes the street and
sidewalk flow, while also creating a boundary to the
courtyard on the back side. With a homogenous
height, the scale is the same in all orientations,
which does not fit into the surroundings, as well as
not respecting the local plan. The block shades for the courtyard most of the time could
minimize the use of this space if fully pushed toward the sidewalk.
Individual buildings

Another typology is a series of individual buildings,

which could vary in sizes, related to considerations
of scale, function or sun/shade. This could provide
better outdoor spaces and more freedom in
handling scale, but the individual buildings have
issues when considering the impact on the flow of
the street, as well the distinction between private and public space. The surrounding
space of the buildings somehow become too open.

The plinth

The plinth is most likely a combination of the two

other categories. The bottom floor acts as the block
typology and articulates the flow of the street, while
also acting as the connecting element that binds the
project together and make it appear as one project.
The plinth typology could provides the same level
of freedom as the individual building, as well as maintaining the qualities of the block
typology.

NORDVEST DORMITORY - Sustainable Student Housing Lars Henriksen Ma4-Ark17

Master Thesis June 2015

H.3.3. Dormitory room types

• Traditional double occupancy - one room, no bathroom or kitchen, shared by

two students

Fig. _ Traditional double occupancy

• Semi-suite double occupancy - one room, semi-private bathroom, no kitchen,

shared by up to four students
 Fig. _ Semi-suite double occupancy

• Suite single - single occupancy bedroom with semi-private bathroom, shared

living room and limited cooking facilities

Fig. _ Suite single

• Studio/efficiency - single occupancy room with private bathroom and full kitchen

Fig. _ Studio/ Efficiency

• Two-bedroom apartment - two single-occupancy bedrooms with semi-private

bathroom and shared full kitchen and living room
 Fig. _ Two-bedroom apartment

• Four-bedroom apartment - four single occupancy bedrooms with semi-private

bathrooms and shared full kitchen and living room

Fig. _ Four-bedroom apartment

• One-bedroom apartment - single occupancy, private bathroom, full kitchen and

living room

Fig. _ One-bedroom apartment

• Three-bedroom apartment - three single occupancy bedrooms, two bathrooms
and shared full kitchen and living room
 Fig. _ Three-bedroom apartment
Student Preferences in Housing, Samuels & Luskin

Hotel

Fig. _ Different Building Configurations

BAR

Fig. _ Bar building configurations

 Bar building configurations consist of the stacking of room bars which is
typically above a podium. The budget bar contains no distinct podium and contains
rooms on the ground floor. On the other hand, the equal bar has a distinct podium but
consists of the same footprint of the guest floors above. And lastly, the extended
podium contains a much larger common space below the guest floors and allows for
the possibility of exterior activity space to be located on top of the podium level.

TOWER

Fig. _ Tower building configurations

The tower has generally more floors than that of the bar buildings. The half
tower is typically formed by a constrained site and does not have an extended podium.
On the other hand, the standard tower is very basic in shape compared to the irregular
tower that created a distinct signature above its podium. And lastly, the irregular tower
holds more guest rooms per floor than that which is found in a standard tower.

ATRIUM

Fig. _ Atrium building configurations

The atrium configuration produces either enclosed conditioned spaces within
the building itself or exterior courtyards. The configuration of this building type creates
a large visual volume of common space set within its footprint.
Room Aggregation

Fig. _ Different room aggregations

Core Arrangement
 Fig. _ Different building core arrangements
Hotels: A Pattern Book, 2010