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12.1
OBJECTIVES:
To be able to identify the structures of the articulations of the hip and knee
To compare and contrast the mobility afforded by these articulations.
To be able to identify muscles that cause movement at the:
o Hip
o knee
o ankle
To learn the origin, insertion and action of the identified muscles.
To be able to identify the muscles on the surface of the human body and human models.
MATERIALS:
Articulations of the hip and knee, preserved cats, models of the human torso and leg, light colored sweats.
Lab Atlas: Chapter 7- articulations and Chapter 8 – muscles.
Just about all of the bones in the body connect to another bone. The connection points are called articulations or
joints. Articulations serve a few functions: 1) they help hold the bones together and 2) they allow for some
flexibility of a very rigid system. Articulations can be structurally identified as fibrous, cartilaginous, and
synovial joints and functionally classified by movement. The two joints that we will be studying are both
synovial joints.
Instructions: Identify the following structures on the articulation models and complete the questions at the end
of the lab.
Instructions- Muscle Identification: Identify the following muscles on yourself, the human models and on
the cat. For the cat you only need to identify the starred muscles. Answer the questions at the end of the
lab.
Psosas major
iliacus
gluteus maximus* hamstrings
gluteus medius semimembranosus*
pectineus semitendinosis*
adductor longus* biceps femoris*
adductor magnus* tensor fascia latae*
iliotibial tract – (connective tissue)
quadriceps
rectus femoris* gracilis*
vastus lateralis* gastrocnemius*
vastus intermedius* soleus*
vastus medialis* Sartorius*
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus longus
WS: 12.1
Pectineus
Tibilialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum
Longus
Gracilis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus Medialis
WS:12.2
2. Label the following diagram (posterior). Use the muscle list on page one for labeling.
Gluteus Maximus
iliotibial tract
Abductor Magnus
Gracilis
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
W.S.12.3
4. Label the following diagram.
femur, tibia, patella, lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament,
posterior cruciate ligament, patella tendon, meniscus
Femur
Patella
Tibia
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Knee_diagram.png
Iliofemoral Ligament
Pubofemoral Ligament
Ichiofemoral Ligament
WS: 12.4