Topic: MICROBIAL CONTROL 22.

Sulfonamides inhibit synthesis of

1.DMSO is employed in 1.Cytoplasmic membrane 2. Protein synthesis
1.Disinfection 2. Sterilization 3. Peptidoglycanl 4. Nucleic acids
3. Antisepsis 4. Lyophilizaton 23.Example for anti viral agent
2.Autoclaving is usually done at 1.Griesofulvin 2. Amphotrcein 3. Pencillin4. Amantidine
1.127°C-15 min 2.112°C–15 min 24.Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora
3.211°C– 15 min4.21°C- 15 min 1.Bacitracin 2. Polymixin 3. Gramicidin 4. Gentamycin
3.Developer of Bacteriological filters 25.Pencillin doesnot have an effective action on
1.Pastuer 2. Proclean 3. Joseph lister 4. Chamberland 1.Gram+ve 2. Gram-ve 3. Mycobacterium 4. Mycoplasma
4. Heat sterilization of wine by developed by 26.Mode of action of Chloramphenicol
1.Pastuer 2. Soxlet 3. Lister 4. Chamberland 1.Damage cell wall2. Damage cytoplasmic membrane
5.An agent that prevent growth of microbe but doesnot kill 3. Damage DNA 4. Inhibit rotein synthesis
1.Antiseptic 2. Antibiotic 3. Bacteriocidal 4.Bacteriostatic 27.Antibiotic used against fungi
6.Dry heat sterilization is carried out by using 1.Griesofulvin 2. Amphotrecin 3. Nystatin 4. All
1.Membrane filter 2.Ethylene oxide 28.TB will be effectively prevented by
3.Hot air oven4. Autoclave 1.Pencillin 2. Tetracyclin 3. Streptomycin 4. Nystatin
7.Discontinuous heating for about 90 to 100°C for 30min 29.Industrially pencillin manufactured by using
is called 1.P.chrysogenum 2. P. notatum 3. P. camberti 4. P.
1.Inceneration 2. Autoclaving roquefort
3. Pasteurization 4.Tyndallization 30.Temperature used in Lyophilization
8.Cold sterilization can be done by using 1. –190°C 2. 170°C 3. –78°C 4. 121°C
1.Moist heat 2. Dry heat 3. Radiation 4. Lyophilization 31. Narrow spectrum antibiotic isoniazid extensively used in
9.Sterilization of heat sensitive materials done by using the prevention of this disease
1.Dry heat 2. Moist heat 3. Pastuerization 4. Filtration 1. Syphilis 2. Tuberculosis 3. Dermatomyces 4.All
10.Filters that are made up of cellulose acetate, nitrate, 32.Most useful species in antibiotic production
phenyl corobonate 1.Pencillin sps 2. Cephalosporin sps
1.Berkfield 2. Chamberland 3. Bacillus sps 4. Strptomyces sps
3. Seitz filters 4. Membrane filter 33.Lyophilization is a method of
11.Filters that can remove 0.3 µm particles by 99.97% 1. Sterilization 2. Preservation
efficiently 3. Disinfection 4. Evaluation
1.Membrane filter 2. HEPA filter 3. Seitzfilter 4. None 34.Filters employed in Laminar air flow apparatus
12.Phenol was first used as disinfectant by 1.Membrane filters 2. Sand filters
1.Domagk 2. Fleming 3.Walksman 4. Lister 3. Asbestos filters 4.HEPA filters
13.The agent that is germicidal acts upon by denaturing 35.Azidothymidine acts up on viral
proteins dissolving membrane lipids 1.Cellmembrane 2.Proteins synthesis
1.Dyes 2. Alcohols 3. Halogens 4. Aldehydes 3.Replication 4.Cellmembrane
14. Destructionl of organisms by sterilization first used by 36.The concept of chemotherapy introduced by using clorine
1.Lister 2. Pastuer 3. Chamberland 4. Koch to prevent water borne diseases like Cholera
15.Oxydation of cellular materials of vegetative done by 1.Domagk 2. Walksman 3. Semmelwiss 4. Ehirlich
1.Lysol 2.Ethyleneoxide 37.Polymixin B produced by
3. Beta propiolactone 4. Chlorine 1.Strptomyces 2. Pencillin 3. Bacillus 4. Micromonospora
16.Autoclave is worked on 38.Puromycin acts on
1.Moist heat 2. Radiation3. Dry heat 4. Inceneration 1. Nucleic acids 2. Protein synthesis
17. Bacteriological media usually sterilized by 3. Peptidoglycan synthesis 4. Ergosterols
1.Autoclave2. Hot air oven 39.Antibiotic that inhibit fungal mitosis
3. Lyophilization 4. Tyndalization 1.Gramicidin 2. Erythromycin
18.Glassware usually sterilized by using following method 3. Griesofulvin 4. Azoles
1.Hot air oven 2. Autoclave 3.Tybndallization 4. Filtration 40. Helicase activity prevented by
19.Liquids and heatsensitive material usually sterilized by 1. Rifampcin 2.Streptomycin 3.Actinomycin-D 4.
1.Moist heat 2. Dry heat 3. Membrane filter 4. Phenol Sulfonamides
20.Example for an oxidizing agent 41.The “magic bullets” discovered by
1.Dyes 2. Chloramine 3. Alcohols 4. Phenols 1.Domagk 2. Fleming 3. Walksman 4. Woods
21.Following inhibit synthesis of Peptidoglycan 42.Pencillin discovered in the year
1.Tetracyclin 2.Nystatin 3. Cephalosporin4. Rifampin 1.1922 2.1928 3. 1929 4. 1944

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43.Example for bacteriocidal
1.Cephalosporin 2. streptomycin
3. Sulfonamides 4. Tetracyclin
44.Rifamycin acts as
1. Inhibit formation of mitotic apparatus
2. Inhabit protien synthesis
3.Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
4.inhibit vitamin utilization
45.Antibiotic,which inhibit activity of transpeptidase by
binding to PBP
1.Streptomycin 2.Tetracyclin
3.Chloramphenical 4. Pencillin
46.Antibiotic act against fungi
1.Amantidine 2. Zidovudine 3. Nistatin 4. Streptomycin
47.Example for aminoglycoside antibiotics
1.Kanamycin 2. Neomycin 3. Streptomycin 4. All
48.Antibiotic that inhibit Protien synthesis by binding with
30s subunit
1.Streptomycin 2. Chloramphenicol
3. Erythromycin 4. Cindamycin
49.Bacitracin – mode of action
1.Inhibit cellwall synthesis 2. Inhibit Protien synthesis
3. Metabolic analogue 4. Damage cell membrane
50.Sulfonamides discovered by
1. Vuillemen 2. Walksman 3. Woods 4. Domagk
51. Gamma rays and X- rays are effective in killing
microbes because
1. Dislodge electrons 2. Damage DNA
3. Oxidation 4. None
52. The active antimicrobial agent in bleach is
1. Phenol 2. CuSo4 3. Chlorine 4. Iodine
53. Heat sensitive materials such as rubber and plastic and
bulky material can be sterilized by
1. Oven 2. Autoclave 3. Ethylene oxide 4.None
54. The recommended method for testing that an autoclave
has truly sterilized a load uses
1.Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2. Bacillus
stearothermophilus
3. Coxella burnetti 4. All
55. What a researcher have to do in order to kill all
bacteria in a liquid with out damaging heat labile protien
1. Autoclave 2. Boiling 3. Lyophilization 4. Filtration
56. Chemical agent that breaks down to release oxygen
that can kill anaerobes in wounds
1.Isopropyl alcohol 2. Silver nitrate
3. Hydrogen peroxide 4. Beta propiolactone
57.Example for peptide antibiotics
1. Gramicidin2. Bacitracin 3. Polymixin 4. All
58.Quinolenes act on
1.Transcription 2. DNA replication
3. Protein synthesis 4. Cell wall synthesis
59.Anti metabolites that blocks RNA transcription
1. Cepholosporin 2. Bacitracin 3. Rifampin 4. Penicillin
60.Substances that interfere with microbial metabolism by
mimicking a compound needed by the microbe, example
1. Macrolides 2. Beta lactums3. Amino glycosides4.
Sulfonamides
61.Cepholosporins resemble which antibiotic in their mode
of action and structure
1. Streptomycin 2. Chloramphenicol 3. Penicillin4.
Polymixin
62.The antibiotic with wide spectrum of activity are the
1. Penicillin2. Polymixin 3. Aminoglycosides4.
Chloramphenicol
63.Method used to identify the Antibiotic effec-MIC
1.Kirby Bauer method 2. Agar diffusion method
3. Serum killing power 4. Tube dilution
64.Ciproflaxin is a/an
1. Macrolide 2. Aminoglycoside3.Quinolene 4. Polyene
65.Agent which stops bacterial growth
1. Germicidal 2. Fungicidal 3. Bactericidal 4. Bacteriostatic
66. Most radiation resistant life forms on earth
1. Bacillus2. Dienococcus 3.
Clostridium4.Methanococcus
67. Organic filters are made up of
1. Ground glass 2. Porcelain
3. Diatomaceous earth 4. All
68.Phenol coefficient test is employed to evaluate the
efficiency of
1. Disinfectant 2. Milk 3. Antibiotic 4. Antiseptic
69.Protease inhibitor of viruses____________
70.Used to prevent Gonococcal eye disease- Opthalmic
neonatrum
1. Mercury chloride 2. Silver nitrate
3.Copper sulphate4.Ethelene oxidel
71. Sequinavir act on viral
1. Reverse transcriptase 2.RNA polymerase
3Protease 4.Uncoating
72. Example for non nucleoside reverse transcriptase
1. Cidofovir 2. Lamivudine 3. Nevirapine 4. Ribavirine
73. Antiretroviral drug ________
74. Interferon alpha synthesized by
1. Leukocytes 2. T cells 3. Fibroblast cells 4. Placenta cells
75. Streptomycin produced by
1. S. griseus 2. S. venezulae 3. s. nodosus 4. S. erytraeus
76. Organisms widely employed in Phenol coefficient test
1. Pseudomanas 2. Staphylococci 3. Salmonella 4. Both 2&3
77. Following heavy metal is a fungicide
1. Selenium 2. Copper 3. Silver 4. Mercury
78. QUATS are
1. Antibiotics 2. Oxidizing agent 3. Surfactants 4. Dyes
79. Temperature used in Holding method of Pastuerization
1. 71C 2. 62 C 3. 143C 4. 82C
80. Example for non ionizing radiation
1. X rays 2. Uv rays3. Gama rays 4. sound waves
81. An antimicrobial agent that kills microorganisms is
termed one
2
_______that inhibits their growth is described as
________.
82 Heat treatment at temperatures in excess of 100.C is
necessary to ensure the destruction of _________.
83 Steam heated under a pressure of 103 kPa in an
autoclave reaches a temperature of ____.C.
84 During --------, the material being treated is heated to
between 90and 100.C for about on three consecutive days.
In the interveningperiods, it is left at 30C, to allow any
surviving________to_______ .
85 The traditional method for the of milk was to heat
at____for 30min.
86 Moist heat sterilization done using this
instrument______.
87 Ultraviolet light is used mainly in the sterilisation of
_______,..
88 radiation is used in many countries to irradiate
foodstuffs.
89 Liquids may be sterilised by the use of membrane
filters made of _______________ or____________.
90 ________is a gas used in the sterilisation of hospital
equipment.
91 Drug that competitively inhibits the use of pABA
_______
92 Ethanol is most effective as a disinfectant at a
concentration of___ .
93 Chlorine and its derivatives are most widely used as
disinfectants of__________
94. Standard disinfectant_______
95 Tincture of iodine is an effective disinfectant
of____________.
96 The use of carbolic acid in operating theatres,
introduced by _____,
reduced the number of fatalities due to infections.
97 The efficacy of a disinfectant can be measured as its
___coefficient.
98 Soaps and detergents are examples of _______.
99 Most lethal radiation of UV________
100 The time needed for a bacterial population to be
reduced to one tenth at a particular temperature is called
the ________.
101 Following Fleming’s discovery of penicillin,______
and__________ were
largely responsible for developing it and bringing it to
large scale production.
102. Penicillins and cephalosporins both belong to the___
group of antibiotics.
They bind to the enzyme________, preventing of
peptidoglycan.
103.______ have a particularly broad range of specifi.city
and act by preventing extension of the peptide chain
during protein synthesis.
104. Aminoglycoside antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis
by preventing attachment____of the subunit.
105.______ is a member of the macrolide group of
antibiotics, and is often
used instead of penicillin in the treatment of staphylococcal
and streptococcal
infections in children.
106. Rifamycins affect mRNA production by inhibiting the
enzyme_____
107. One of the antibiotic resistant organisms most
frequently found in hospitals is MRSA ( Staphylococcus
aureus). Infections originating
in such environments are termed____________ infections.
108. Antibiotic resistance acquired through bacterial
conjugation is described as__________resistance.
109. Genes for enzymes that inactivate antibiotics are
usually carried ____on .
108. The lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents
growth of a microorganismis described as its_________ .
109.In the disc diffusion method developed by_________.
110. The usefulness of polyene antibiotics in_________.
111 The antiviral agent acyclovir works by acting as a____
.Itinhibits viral___ .
112___ has been used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment
of AIDS. It
acts by inhibiting viral .
113. Arnold sterilizer used in _______
114. Antiseptic that inhibits anaerobic organisms____
115. Anti malarial drug that acts on Nucleic acids________
116 Which of the following processes involves the complete
destruction or removal of microorganisms? .
1.disinfection 2. sterilization
3.antibiosis 4.decontamination
117 Which of the following terms is defined as "the time
required for a 10-fold reduction in the population under
specified conditions, often heat"? .
1.log lethal time2.thermal death time3.exponential death
time4. decimal reduction time
118The process of pasteurization was first used to
decontaminate __________. .
1.wine 2.apple cider3. cheese4.milk
119 One might use ionizing radiation to sterilize or
decontaminate which of the following? .
1.drugs 2.hamburger 3.surgical supplies4.chicken
drumsticks 5.all of the above
120Which of the following might be least practical for
sterilizing a medium that contains serum albumin (a protein
that would be inactivated by heat sterilization)? .
1.a depth filter 2.a nucleation track filter
3.a cellulose nitrate filter
4.there is no basis upon which to make this judgement
121What is the region of little or no bacterial growth
surrounding a filter paper disk containing an antimicrobial
agent called? .
1.zone of inhibition2.minimum inhibitory zone
3.plaque4.MIC
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122 __________ agents result in death of bacteria in
culture.
1.Bacteriocidal 2.Bacteriostatic
3.Bacteriolytic4.All of the above
123 Which of the following kinds of antibacterial agents
would you expect to be least toxic to human tissue? .
1.sterilant 2.germicide 3.antiseptic 4.disinfectant
124 A group of microbiologists are out on a field
expedition, and have a need to prepare some drinking
water. They are trying to decide what method to use.
Which of their list would you consider least practical? .
1.adding ethylene oxide 2.use of chlorine
3.boiling the water 4. all of the above
125. You are advising a pharmaceutical company about
how to sterilize a new plastic syringe that they are going to
manufacture for hospital use. They are trying to decide
what method to use. Which of the following would your
recommend? .
1.cold sterilization using ethylene oxide 2.ionizing
radiation 3.dry heat 4.all of the above
126. If you were using heat sterilization, under conditions
that were less than optimal; for example, if there was an
error that resulted in heating of the solution to only 115 C.,
and only for a few minutes, which type of cell is most
likely to survive? .
1.Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2. Salmonella typhi 3.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 4.endospores of Bacillus subtilis
127. Which of the following types of cells might be
resistant to a germicide used in a hospital? .
1. endospores of Bacillus subtilis 2.Mycobacterium
tuberculosis 3.Escherichia coli 4.Salmonella typhi
128. What is the mode of action of sulfanilamide? .
1.blocking folic acid synthesis 2.blocking mRNA synthesis
3.blocking synthesis of protein
4.blocking synthesis of the cell wall
129. What is the mode of action of penicillin? .
1.blocking folic acid synthesis 2.blocking synthesis of the
cell wall 3.blocking mRNA synthesis
4.blocking synthesis of protein
130. What is the mode of action of tetracycline? .
1. blocking mRNA synthesis 2.blocking synthesis of the
cell wall 3.blocking synthesis of protein 4.blocking folic
acid synthesis
131. What is the mode of action of streptomycin? .
1.blocking synthesis of the cell wall
2.blocking folic acid synthesis
3.blocking synthesis of protein
4.blocking mRNA synthesis
132. Which of the following would be considered a growth
factor analog? .
1.streptomycin 2.sulfanilamide 3.penicillin 4.tetracycline
133. Which of the following would not be considered an
antibiotic? .
1. tetracycline 2.sulfanilamide 3.penicillin 4.streptomycin
134. Which of the following would be considered a narrow
spectrum antibiotic? .
1.kanamycin 2.streptomycin 3.tetracycline 4. vancomycin
135. What is the mode of action of AZT? .
1.blocking DNA synthesis 2.blocking synthesis of protein
3.blocking synthesis of the cell wall
4.blocking mRNA synthesis
136. Which of the following antibiotics might be
immediately rejected as an option to treat a disease caused
by a mycoplasma? .
1.tetracycline 2.streptomycin 3. kanamycin 4.penicillin
137 The process by which all living cells, viable spores,
viruses, and viroids are either destroyed or removed from an
object or habitat is called
1. sanitization. 2.sterilization.3.disinfection.4.antisepsis.
138 The correct conditions for an autoclave are
1. 30 psi of steam pressure and 180°C. 2.35 psi of steam
pressure and 212°C.
3.15 psi of steam pressure and 121°C. 4.5 psi of steam
pressure and 100°C.
139 If a soil sample were suspended in water, boiled for 20
minutes, then plated on nutrient agar and incubated
aerobically, which of the following would most likely grow
on the plates?
1.Treponema pallidum(a spirochete) 2.Escherichia coli
3.Bacillus subtilis 4.Clostridium botulinum
140. Surgical supplies such as syringes, catheters and rubber
gloves are commonly sterilised employing gamma (γ ) rays
from the isotope
141.________ filters create clean atmospheres in areas such
as operating theatres and laboratory laminar-flow hoods.
142. __________an antifungal fumigant,
143. ___________used in the disinfection of municipal
water supplies, swimming pools and the dairy industry.
144. streptomycin, isolated by SelmanWaksman from
__________, which was to prove so effective against
tuberculosis
145. Polyene antibiotics such as amphotericin and nystatin
are antifungal agents that act on the _________
146. Two important antibiotics which act on the larger, 50S,
subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome are _________
147. Most antiviral agents target nucleic acid synthesis,
usually by acting as ______________
148. Acyclovir inhibits viral ___________
149. One of the first antiviral agents to be approved for use
was _________, which inhibits uncoating of the influenza A
150. _____ was one of the first substances shown to have an
effect against HIV, which it does by preventing cDNA
synthesis by the enzyme reverse transcriptase