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Introduction
Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns is subjected to large eccentric loadings. When two
columns are reasonably close, a combined footing is designed for both columns as shown in Figure 3.1. When two columns are far
apart, a strap is designed to transfer eccentric moment between two columns as shown in Figure 3.1. The goal is to have uniform
bearing pressure and to minimize differential settlement between columns.
Design assumptions
1. Strap does not provide bearing.
2. Strap is ridge enough to transfer moment from one footing to the other.
Design procedure
Service load design:
Structural analysis
Column information:
Footing information:
Solution:
Requirement: Determine maximum factored shears and moment in the footings and strap.
Solution:
Shear diagram:
Moment diagram:
A strap footing with loading, shear, and moment as shown in example 3.4 & 3.5
Solution:
Assume a 2’-6” by 2’ footing strap and the reinforcement is #8 bars, with 2” top cover the effective depth, d = 24-2-1=21”
From Example 3.5, the factored shear force on footing strap, Vu = 12.4 kips
From Example 3.5, the maximum factored moment at point 2, M u =211.4 ft-kips
Calculate new a,
r min = 0.0033
d = 16" - 3" (bottom cover) – 0.75 (one bar size) = 12.3 " = 1.02’
The perimeter of punching shear is at one half effective depth from face of column.
Since the distance from exterior face of column to exterior face of footing, 6", is less than effective depth, d,
the perimeter of punching shear is only 3 sides. At the interior face of column the length is column width, 12" plus d.
P = 2*(6”+12”+12.3”/2)+(12”+12.3”)=72.6”
The critical section of direct shear is at one effective depth from the face of column. From Example 3.4, the maximum direction shear
The factored shear at one effective depth, d, from the face of the column is
Vu = 90*(4.5-1.02)/4.5=69.6 kips
The maximum negative moment is at zero shear, at 3.96’ from inside face of column, or 5.46’ from exterior end of footing.
Assume a = 1.3".
Calculate new a,
r min = 0.0033
Use 8-#7 bars, 4#7 extended from footing strap, 2 #7 in each side of footing,
Assume a = 0.5".
Calculate new a,
rmin = 0.0033 > rmin =(4/3)*0.0018=0.0024
Assume a footing depth of 20” and #8 bars, the effective depth =20-3-1=16”
P = 4*(12+16)=112”
The critical section of direct shear is at one effective depth from the face of column. From Example 3.4, the maximum direct shear is
115.7 kips at inside face of column.
The factored shear at one effective depth from the face of the column is
M u = 180.7 ft-kips
Assume a = 0.6".
Calculate new a,
Assume a = 0.7".
Calculate new a,
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