NEONATAL PNEUMONIA

I. INTRODUCTION
Infants are very susceptible to infections due to their immature or
underdeveloped immune system. They lack specific body defenses that are
needed to resist diseases. For this reason, they must be given extra
protection and must be handled with extra care. One of the most commonly
encountered infections is pneumonia. This may be caused by various
microorganisms and different predisposing factors. The disease may be very
disturbing for the infant which needs proper management to avoid further
progression and future complications.
Neonatal pneumonia is a lung infection in a neonate. Onset maybe within
hours of birth and part of a generalized sepsis syndrome or after 7 days
confined to the lungs. Signs maybe limited to respiratory distress or progress
to shock and death. Diagnosis is by clinical and laboratory evaluation for
sepsis. Treatment is initial broad-spectrum antibiotics changed to organism-
specific drugs as soon as possible (Tesini, 2018).
II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
General:
*To be able to gain knowledge about neonatal pneumonia.
Specific:
*To be able to identify the etiologies of neonatal pneumonia.
*To be able to understand the disease process associated with
neonatal pneumonia.
*To be able to identify the different management and treatment
appropriate for the signs and symptoms associated with neonatal
pneumonia.
*To be able to identify ways of preventing neonatal pneumonia.
*To be able to understand nursing responsibilities and interventions
needed in the case of neonatal pneumonia.

III. Patient’s Data and History

On August 3, 2018 at 1:10 pm, Khylene De Los Reyes, a 21 days old

baby girl was admitted at Bicol Medical Center with a chief complaint of
cough. She was a live term baby girl appropriate to gestational age delivered
to a 35 years old G2P1 (1001) via repeated cesarean section due to placenta
previa. The patient was first admitted at Libmanan District Hospital on July 31,
2018 with a chief complaint of cough and colds for four days. Upon physical
examination, bilateral rales were noted. One day prior to admission, the
patient suffered from difficulty of breathing. After given premedication, she
was then referred to Bicol Medical Center for further evaluation and
management.

IV. Course in the Ward

ADMISSION
Diagnostics - CBC with PC
- Na, K
- Blood CS
Medications - Ampicillin 125 mg TIV every 8
 hours.
- Gentamicin 20 mg TIV every
24 hours.
- Paracetamol 60 mg TIV every
4 hours for temperature
greater than or equal to
37.8*C.
Treatment - IVF of D5IMB 190 cc x 8 hours
at 23-24 microdrops per
minute.
- Monitor vital signs, include
oxygen saturation and record.
- Monitor intake and output.
- Hook to oxygen via nasal
cannula at 1-2 lmp.
Activity - N/A
Diet - May breastfeed with SAP.

V. ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY