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    Ansi C PDF

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    gustavogcr

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    164/Fabrication 5.18.2.3 Additional Requirements for SAW Tack Welds. Tack welds (in the form of fillet welds 3/8 in, [10 mm} or smaller, or in the roots of joints requiring specific root penetration) shall not produice objectionable ‘changes inthe appearance of the weld surface or result in, decreased penetration. Tack welds not conforming to the preceding requirements shall be removed or reduced in size by any suitable means before welding. Tack welds in ‘the root ofa joint with stel backing less than 5/16 in. (8 ‘mm thick shall be removed or made continuous for the full length ofthe joint using SMAW with low-hydrogen electrodes, 5.19 Camber in Built-Up Members 5.19.1 Camber. Edges of built-up beam and girder webs shall be cut to the prescribed camber with suitable allow ance for shrinkage due to cutting and welding. However, ‘moderate variation from the specified camber tolerance ‘may be corrected by a careful application of heat. 5.19.2 Correetion, Corrections of errors in camber of ‘quenched and tempered steel shall be given prior ap- proval by the Enginece. 5.20 Splices in Cyclically Loaded Structures Splices between sections of rolled beams or built-up gitders shall preferably be made in a single transverse plane. Shop splices of webs and flanges in built-up gird- ers, made before the webs and flanges are joined to each other, may be located in a single transverse plane or ml- tiple transverse planes, but the fatigue stress provisions of the genetal specifications shall apply 5.21 Control of Distortion and Shrinkage 5.21.1 Procedure and Sequence. In assembling and Joining pars ofa structure or of built-up members and in ‘welding reinforcing parts to members, the procedure and sequence shall he such as will minimize distortion and shrinkage 5.21.2 Sequencing, Insofar as practicable, all welds shall be made in a sequence that will balance the applied ‘heat of welding while the welding progresses. 5.1.3 Contractor Responsibility. The contractor shall prepare a welding sequence for a member or structure Which, in conjunction withthe WPSs and overall fabrica- tion methods, will produce members or structures meet ing the quality requirements specified. The welding sequence and distortion control program shall he submit- ted to the Engineer, for information and comment, before the star of welding on a member or structure in which shrinkage or distortion is likely to affect the adequacy of the memher or stmetire, 5.21.4 Weld Progression. The direction of the general progression in welding on a member shall be from points ‘where the parts are relatively fixed in position with re- spect to each other toward pointe having « greater rele tive freedom of movement. 5.21.5 Minimized Restraint. In assemblies, joints ex- pected to have significant shrinkage should usually be welded before joints expected to have lesser shrinkage. ‘They should also be welded with as little restraint as possible 5.21.6 Subassembly Splices. Al welded shop splices in cach component pat of & eoverplated beat o1 bully member shall be made before the component part is ‘welded to other component parts of the member. Long, tirders or girder sections may be made by welding sub- assemblies, each made in accordance with $.21.6. When ‘making these subassembly splices, whether in the shop or field, the welding sequence should be reasonably bal- anced between the web and flange welds as well as bout the major and minor axes ofthe member 5.21.7 Temperature Limitations. In making welds under conditions of severe external shrinkage restrain, ‘once the welding has started, the joint shall not be al- lowed to coo! below the minimum specified preheat until Ie joint ss Leen completed ur sullicieul weld ls bee deposited to ensure freedom from erucking 5.22 Tolerance of Joint 5.22.1 Fillet Weld Assembly. The parts to be joined by fillet welds shall be brought into as close contact as practicable, The root opening shall not exceed 3/16 in. (mm) except olving clther shapes or plates 3 in, (76.2 mm) or greater in thickness if, after straight- ‘ening and in assembly, the oot opening cannot be closed. sulficiently to meet this tolerance. In such cases, a maxi- ‘mum root opening of 5/16 i. (8 mm) is acceptable, pro- vided suitable backing is used. Backing may be of flux, alas tape, iron powder, or similar materials, or welds using a low-hydrogen process compatible with the filler metal deposited. If the separation is greater than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm), the leg ofthe filler weld shall he increased by the amount of the root opening, or the contractor shall ‘demonstrate that the required effective throat has been obtained, ensions 166/Fabrication so 7 t\ [fe ‘iam aay oe | 8mm) (A) GROOVE WELD WITHOUT BACKING— ROOT NOT BACKGOUGED ery teviein kro) = is ta EG ay (8) GROOVE WELD WITH BACKING ROOT NOT BACKGOUGED eee ae; = _ 218i (1.8 mm) “ini mm) (©) GhOOVE WELD WITHOUT BACKING— ROOT BACKGOUGED Ferra Ratna cowed" "gouged rT a Chantoorngatsins ne 18 se ts et cng we 3 esloenea coms 4 § Netapateve wo a ea croom aniecione 1° S *Se0 5.22.42 for oarances for complo [on ponaation Wbilar groove welds made om one sige wiht backing. igure 5.3—Workmanship Tolerances in Assembly of Groove Welded Joints (see 5.22.4.1) Table 5.5 Tubular Root Opening Tolerances (see 5.2.4.2) Root Opening of Groove Joints witout Angle of Root Face of Joint Steel Backing Joint. ino mm in, mm eg, SMAW ZING z16RIN@ ako GMAW 5182 al al6 21638. FOAW $16 416161635 "Nowe Roo openings wider than permite ty the above tolerances. bt tot gener than the thickness of he thine pty maybe ail a By Welding to acceptable dimensions pl tothe Jiang ofthe pats by teking. 5.23.1 Straightness of Columns and Trusses. For ‘welded columns and primary truss members, regardless ‘of cross section, the allowable variation in straightness is, ‘Lengths of less than 30 ft (© m No.of fof total length Bin. x i No. of meters of total len 3mm Ftovalieagh Lengths of 30 o 45 ft (14 m) = 3/8 in. (10 mam) Lengths aver 45 0 No. of ft of total length — 45 3/8 in. + 1/8 in, x ie No.of meters of total length — 10 mm +3 mm x N2-otemer tl engh— 14 5.23.2 Beam and Girder Straightness (No Camber Specified). For welded beams or girders, regardless of cross section, where there is no specified camber ut sweep, the allowable variation in straightness is No. of ft of total length Bin. x TT No, of meters of total length 3mmx s 5.23.3 Beam and Girder Camber (Typical Girder). For welded beams or guders, other than those whose top flange is embedded in concrete without a designed con- crete haunch, regardless of cross section, the allowable variation from required camber at shop assembly (For drilling holes for field splices or preparing field welded splices) is st midspan, -0, +1-1/2 in. (38 mm for spans > 100 ft G0m ~0, + 3/4 in. (19 mm) for spans < 100 ft om At supports, 0 for end supports ++ 1/8 ( mm) for interior supports 4(aybc— aS) at intermediate points, 0, + where ‘a= distance in feet (meters) from inspection point to nearest support 'S = span length in fet (meters) b= 1-1/2 in. (8 mm) for spans > 100 ft (30 m) ’b = 4/4in. (19 mm) for spans < 100 ft (30 m) ‘Sce Table 5.6 for tabulated values. 5.23.4 Beam and Girder Camber (without Designed Conerete Haunch). For members whose top flange is embedded in concrete without a designed concrete hhaunch, the allowable variation from required camber at shop assembly (for drilling holes for field splices or pre- paring field welded splices) is at midspan, + 3/4 in. (19 mm) for spans 2 100 f G0 m) 23/8 in. (10 mm) for spans < 100 ft Gm) at supports, 0 for end supports = U/B in. (3 msn) for inte Fabrication/167 lS) a oe Where a and $ are as defined above bb = 3/4 in. (19 mm) for spans > 100 ft (30 m) = 3/8 In. (10 mm) for spans < 100 (30 m) See Table $.7 for tabulated values. Regardless of how the camber i shown on the detail dinwings, th sign Soncention for the allowable variation is plus (+) above, and minus (~) below, the detailed cam- ter shape, These provisions also aply to an individual member when no field splices or shop assembly i - suited. Camber measurements shal be made inthe no- Toad condition 5.23.5 Beam and Girder Sweep. For horizontally curved welded beams or girders, the allowable variation in specified sweep atthe midpoint is No. of feet of total length 4 Vinx o £3 mam ye NO-of meters of total Iength provided the member has sufficient lateral lexibility 10 permit the attachment of diaphragms, cross-frames,lat- eral brucing, ec., without damaging the structural mem- ber or is attachments, 5.23.6 Variation in Web Flatness 5.23.6.1. Measurements. Variations from flainess of, slider webs is determined by measuring the offset from Table 5.6 Table 5.7 ‘Camber Tolerance for Typical Girder Camber Tolerance for Girders without a (see 5.23.3) Designed Concrete Haunch (see 5.23.4) ‘Camber Tolerance (in inches) (Camber ‘Tolerance (in inches) as as. Span O12 03 oss Span 0102 030s os 2iok eT 21008 [ee ee ) <0R MAS <0n AG (Camber Tolerance (in millimeters) (Camber Tolerance (in milimeters) als as Span Gt OS 04g 08 Span o1 02 03) 0s os 230m re ee 230m . 5 6 » 19 <30m sp 6 »

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