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Cyber Physical System:

Architecture, Applications
and Research Challenges

SYED HASSAN AHMED, GWANGHYUN KIM AND


DONGKYUN KIM.

hassan@monet.knu.ac.kr

MONET WIRELESS LABORATORY


KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
SOUTH KOREA.
Contents
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 Key Trends in Systems.


 CPS Applications.
 Proposed Architecture.
 Dynamic Communications.
Source: www.cs.binghamton.edu
 CPS Integration.
 Open Research Challenges.

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Key Trends in Systems
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 System complexity
 Increasing functionality
 Increasing integration and networking interoperability
 Growing importance and reliance on software
 Increasing number of non-functional constraints
 Nature of tomorrow’s systems
 Dynamic, ever-changing, dependable, high-confidence
 Self-*(aware, adapting, repairing, sustaining)
Cyber-Physical Systems
 Everywhere, used by everyone, for everything
 Expectations: 24/7 availability, 100% reliability, 100% connectivity,
instantaneous response, remember everything forever, ...
 Classes: young to old, able and disabled, rich and poor, literate and
illiterate, ...
 Numbers: individuals, special groups, social networks, cultures,
populations, ...

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


CPS Applications
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 Healthcare
 Medical devices
 Health management networks
 Transportation
 Automotive electronics
 Vehicular networks and smart highways
 Aviation and airspace management
 Avionics
 Railroad systems
 Process control
 Large-scale Infrastructure
 Physical infrastructure monitoring and control
 Electricity generation and distribution
 Building and environmental controls
 Defense systems
 Tele-physical operations
 Telemedicine
 Tele-manipulation
CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015
Architecture Contents
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 Sensing Module:
 Data collection from physical world through sensors.

 Data Management Module(DMM):


 Consists of the computational devices and storage media.

 Next Generation Internet:


 Enabling applications to select the path, or paths that their packets take
between the source and destination.
 Service Aware Modules (SAM):
 Sensed data is being recognized and sent to the services available.

 Application Module (AM):


 Services are deployed and interact with NGI.
 Info is saved on database for QoS support. [NoSQL]

 Sensors and Actuators:


 Actuator receives the commands from the Application Module, and
executes.

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Security Assurance
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How can we provide people and society


with cyber-physical systems that they
can trust their lives on?
Trustworthy:
Reliable, Secure, Privacy-
preserving, Usable, etc.

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Security for CPS
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 Safety, Security and Privacy


 Primary aim of all CPS design
 Ensure no harm comes to the underlying physical process
 Ensuring security/privacy crucial for safety
 CPS are deployed in missions critical settings
 Collect sensitive data and can actuate changes in the physical
process
 Composing individually secure systems into a composed system
might not be good enough
 Computation and Energy limitations .
 Utilizing properties from underlying physical process might be
a way to proceed

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Proposed Architecture
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CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Dynamic Communications
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1st Time, S1
SAM AM
S1 S1
Similar Data S1 S1A1 S1A1 S1A1

DMM Service Aware Module


NGI
WSN

S1 S1A1
IoT M2M Physical
Devices
Actuators.
Wired

Application Module

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


CPS Integration
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 Vehicular Scenario:
 Service aware modules make communication and control efficient by
providing the best application in different services to a single car.
 Agriculture Scenario:
 Greenhouse: After receiving a configuration of greenhouse by
consumer, here our feedback awareness makes network efficient to
control different services like watering, humidity, plant health
monitoring etc. with real time control.
 Health Scenario:
 Hospital: Real time monitoring and control can be achieved by Data
Management Module and Service awareness module which also
plays an important role in order to provide QoS monitoring. While
designing a system for hospital, sensitive applications are queued on
the top priority.

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


Open Challenges & Future Work…
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 QoS-Aware Communication Protocols:


 Identification of application requirement of each type of traffic.
 Efficiency.

 Resource Management:
 Huge amount of dynamic data.
 Auto Management Techniques are required.

 QoS-Aware Power Management:


 In CPS, dynamic computing demands much CPU energy. Minimization can be
proposed by exploiting dynamic voltage technology.
 Simulation Tools:
 Simulation models dealing with dynamic communications.

 Future Work:
 Implementing Proposed Architecture in Simulated/Test-bed Environments.
 Smart/Unifying Routing Schemes are required for Real Time sensing/actuating
devices.

CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015


THANK YOU
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Q/A Session…

MoNeT Wireless Lab,


Kyungpook National University,
South Korea.
http://monet.knu.ac.kr
CPS@Wireless Days 2013 3/9/2015

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