ARTICLE 1207.

The ________ of two or more ________ or of two or more ________ in one and the same obligation
does ________ imply that each one of the ________ has a right to________, or that each one of the ________ is
________ to________, entire compliance with the________. There is a ________ liability only when the obligation
________ so states, or when the law or the nature of the obligation requires________. (1137a)

ARTICLE 1208. If from the________, or the nature or the ________of the obligations to which the preceding article refers
the ________does ________appear, the ________or debt shall be ________to be divided into as many ________ as
there are ________ or debtors, the credits or debts being considered ________ from one another, subject to the Rules of
Court governing the ________of suits. (1138a)

ARTICLE 1209. If the ________ is impossible, the ________ of the creditors may be ________ only by their ________
acts, and the ________ can be enforced only by ________ against all the ________. If one of the latter should
be________, the others shall ________ be liable for his________. (1139)

ARTICLE 1210. The ________ of an obligation does not n________ give rise to________. Nor does solidarity of itself
imply________. (n)

ARTICLE 1211. ________may exist although the ________and the debtors may ________ be bound in the same manner
and by the same periods and________. (1140)

ARTICLE 1212. ________one of the solidary ________may do whatever may be ________ to the others, but not
________ which may be ________ to the latter. (1141a)

ARTICLE 1213. A solidary ________cannot assign his ________without the ________of the others. (n)

ARTICLE 1214. The ________may pay any one of the s________ creditors; but if any ________, judicial or________,
has been made by one of them, ________should be made to him. (1142a)

ARTICLE 1215. ________, compensation, ________or remission of the ________, made by any of the solidary ________
or with any of the solidary________, shall ________the obligation, without prejudice to the provisions of article 1219.

The creditor who may have ________any of these acts, as well as he who ________ the debt, shall be ________to the
others for the share in the ________corresponding to them. (1143)

ARTICLE 1216. The ________ may proceed against any one of the solidary ________or some or all of them________.
The ________made against one of them shall ________ be an ________ to those which may ________ be directed
against the others, so long as the debt has ________ been fully collected. (1144a)

ARTICLE 1217. ________made by one of the solidary debtors ________the obligation. If ________or more solidary
debtors ________to pay, the creditor may choose which offer to ________.

He who made the payment may ________from his ________only the share which corresponds to each, with the
________for the payment already made. If the payment is made before the debt is due, ________interest for the
________ period may be________.

When ________of the solidary debtors cannot, because of his ________, ________ his share to the debtor paying the
obligation, such share shall be ________by all his co-debtors, in ________to the ________of each. (1145a)

ARTICLE 1218. Payment by a solidary ________ shall ________entitle him to ________from his co-debtors if such
payment is made after the obligation has ________or become________. (n)

ARTICLE 1219. The ________made by the creditor of the share which ________one of the solidary debtors does
________release the latter from his ________towards the co-debtors, in case the debt had been ________paid by
anyone of them before the ________ was________. (1146a)

ARTICLE 1220. The remission of the ________obligation, ________by one of the solidary debtors, does ________ entitle
him to reimbursement from his co-debtors. (n)
ARTICLE 1221. If the thing has been ________ or if the ________has become ________without the ________of the
solidary debtors, the obligation shall be________.

If there was ________on the part of any one of them, ________ shall be responsible to the creditor, for the ________ and
the ________ of damages and ________, without prejudice to their action against the ________ or ________ debtor.

If through a ________ event, the thing is ________ or the ________ has become impossible after one of the solidary
debtors has ________ in delay through the judicial or extrajudicial demand upon him by the creditor, the ________of the
preceding paragraph shall apply. (1147a)

ARTICLE 1222. A solidary debtor may, in ________ filed by the creditor, ________ himself of all defenses which are
________ from the nature of the obligation and of those which are ________ to him, or ________ to his own share. With
respect to those which ________ belong to the others, he may ________ himself thereof only as ________ that part of
the debt for which the latter are ________. (1148a)

SECTION 5

Divisible and Indivisible Obligations

ARTICLE 1223. The ________or indivisibility of the things that are the ________ of obligations in which there is only
________ debtor and only one ________ does not alter or ________ the provisions of Chapter 2 of this Title. (1149)

ARTICLE 1224. A ________ indivisible obligation gives rise to ________ for damages from the time anyone of the
debtors does ________ comply with his________. The debtors who may have been ready to ________ their promises
shall ________ contribute to the indemnity beyond the ________ portion of the price of the thing or of the ________ of the
service in which the obligation ________ .(1150)

ARTICLE 1225. For the purposes of the preceding articles, ________ to give ________ things and those which are not
________ of partial performance shall be deemed to be ________.

When the obligation has for its object the ________ of a certain number of days of work, the ________ of work by
________ units, or ________ things which by their nature are susceptible of ________ performance, it shall be________.

However, even though the object or service may be ________ divisible, an obligation is ________ if so provided by law or
intended by the________.

In obligations ________ to do, divisibility or indivisibility shall be ________ by the character of the prestation in each
particular case. (1151a)

SECTION 6

Obligations with a Penal Clause

ARTICLE 1226. In obligations with a ________ clause, the penalty shall ________ the indemnity for damages and
the________ of interests in case of________, if there is ________ stipulation to the contrary. Nevertheless, ________
shall be paid if the ________ refuses to pay the penalty or is guilty of ________ in the fulfillment of the obligation.

The penalty may be ________ only when it is ________ in accordance with the provisions of this Code. (1152a)

ARTICLE 1227. The ________cannot ________ himself from the performance of the obligation by paying the ________,
save in the case where this right has been expressly ________ for him. Neither can the creditor ________ the fulfillment
of the obligation and the ________ of the penalty at the same time, unless this right has been ________ granted him.
However, if after the creditor has decided to ________ the fulfillment of the obligation, the ________ thereof should
become ________without his ________, the penalty may be enforced. (1153a)

ARTICLE 1228. ________of actual damages ________ by the ________ is ________ necessary in order that the penalty
may be________. (n)
ARTICLE 1229. The ________shall ________reduce the penalty when the ________obligation has been partly or
________ complied with by the________. Even if there has been ________ performance, the penalty may also be
________by the courts if it is ________ or unconscionable. (1154a)

ARTICLE 1230. The ________of the penal clause does ________carry with it that of the ________obligation.

The ________of the principal obligation carries with it that of the ________clause. (1155)

CHAPTER 4

Extinguishment of Obligations

General Provisions

ARTICLE 1231. Obligations are________:

(1) By ________ or performance;

(2) By the ________of the thing due;

(3) By the ________or remission of the debt;

(4) By the confusion or ________of the rights of creditor and debtor;

(5) By________;

(6) By________.

Other causes of ________of obligations, such as________, rescission, fulfillment of a ________condition, and________,
are governed elsewhere in this Code. (1156a)

SECTION 1

Payment or Performance

ARTICLE 1232. ________ means ________only the delivery of money but also the performance, in any other manner, of
an________. (n)

ARTICLE 1233. A ________shall ________ be understood to have been paid unless the thing or ________in which the
obligation consists has been completely ________ or________, as the case may be. (1157)

ARTICLE 1234. If the obligation has been ________performed in good faith, the ________ may recover as though there
had been a ________ and complete fulfillment, less ________ suffered by the________. (n)

ARTICLE 1235. When the ________accepts the performance, knowing its ________or irregularity, and without
________any protest or________, the obligation is deemed fully ________with. (n)

ARTICLE 1236. The creditor is ________ bound to ________payment or performance by a ________person who has
________ interest in the fulfillment of the obligation, unless there is a ________to the contrary.

Whoever pays for another may ________ from the ________what he has paid, except that if he paid without the
________ or against the ________ of the debtor, he can ________only insofar as the payment has been ________to the
debtor. (1158a)

ARTICLE 1237. Whoever pays on behalf of the ________ without the ________ or against the will of the latter, cannot
________the creditor to ________ him in his rights, such as those ________from a mortgage, ________, or penalty.
(1159a)
ARTICLE 1238. Payment made by a ________ person who does ________intend to be ________by the debtor is
deemed to be a________, which requires the debtor’s________. But the payment is in any case valid as to the creditor
who has accepted it. (n)

ARTICLE 1239. In obligations to ________, payment made by one who does ________ have the free ________of the
thing ________ and capacity to ________it shall ________ be valid, without prejudice to the provisions of article 1427
under the Title on “Natural Obligations.” (1160a)

ARTICLE 1240. Payment shall be made to the person in whose ________the obligation has been________, or his
________in interest, or any person ________ to receive it. (1162a)

ARTICLE 1241. Payment to a ________who is ________to administer his property shall be valid if he has kept the
thing________, or insofar as the payment has been ________ to him.

Payment made to a third person shall also be ________insofar as it has ________ to the benefit of the creditor. Such
________to the creditor need ________be proved in the following cases:

(1) If after the________, the third person ________the creditor’s rights;

(2) If the creditor ________the payment to the third person;

(3) If by the creditor’s________, the ________has been led to believe that the third person had ________to receive the
payment. (1163a)

ARTICLE 1242. Payment made in ________ faith to any person in ________of the credit shall release the ________.
(1164)

ARTICLE 1243. Payment made to the ________by the debtor after the ________ has been________ ordered to retain
the debt shall ________be valid. (1165)

ARTICLE 1244. The ________ of a thing cannot compel the creditor to receive a ________ one, although the latter may
be of the same value as, or more valuable than that which is due.

In obligations to do or not to do, an act or ________ cannot be substituted by another act or forbearance against the
________will. (1166a)

ARTICLE 1245. ________ in payment, whereby property is ________to the creditor in satisfaction of a debt in money,
shall be ________by the law of sales. (n)

ARTICLE 1246. When the obligation consists in the delivery of an ________or generic thing, whose quality and
circumstances have ________ been stated, the ________ cannot demand a thing of ________quality. Neither can the
________deliver a thing of________ quality. The ________of the obligation and other ________shall be taken
into________. (1167a)

ARTICLE 1247. Unless it is otherwise________, the extrajudicial ________required by the payment shall be for the
________of the debtor. With regard to ________costs, the Rules of ________shall govern. (1168a)

ARTICLE 1248. Unless there is an ________ stipulation to that effect, the ________ cannot be ________partially to
receive the ________in which the obligation________. Neither may the debtor be ________to make ________payments.

However, when the ________is in part ________ and in part unliquidated, the ________may demand and the debtor may
________ the payment of the former without ________for the liquidation of the latter. (1169a)

ARTICLE 1249. The ________of debts in money shall be made in the ________stipulated, and if it is ________ possible
to deliver such currency, then in the currency which is ________ tender in the Philippines.
The delivery of ________notes payable to order, or ________ of exchange or other ________ documents shall ________
the effect of payment only when they have been ________, or when through the fault of the creditor they have
been________.

In the meantime, the ________ derived from the ________obligation shall be held in ________. (1170)

ARTICLE 1250. In case an extraordinary ________ or deflation of the currency stipulated should________, the ________
of the currency at the time of the ________of the obligation shall be the basis of payment, unless there is an ________to
the contrary. (n)

ARTICLE 1251. Payment shall be made in the place ________in the obligation.

There being ________ express stipulation and if the ________is to deliver a ________thing, the payment shall be made
wherever the thing might be at the moment the obligation was constituted.

In any other case the place of payment shall be the ________of the debtor.

If the debtor changes his________ in ________ faith or after he has incurred in delay, the ________ expenses shall be
borne by him.

These provisions are without prejudice to venue under the Rules of Court. (1171a)

SUBSECTION 1

Application of Payments

ARTICLE 1252. He who has ________ debts of the same kind in favor of one and the same creditor, may declare at the
time of making the payment, to which of them the same must be________. Unless the ________ so stipulate, or when the
________of payment is made by the party for whose ________ the term has been ________, application shall ________
be made as to debts which are not yet due.

If the ________accepts from the creditor a ________ in which an application of the payment is made, the former cannot
________ of the same, unless there is a ________ for ________ the contract. (1172a)

ARTICLE 1253. If the debt produces________, payment of the principal shall ________ be deemed to have been made
until the ________ have been covered. (1173)

ARTICLE 1254. When the payment cannot be ________in accordance with the preceding rules, or if application can not
be ________ from other circumstances, the debt which is most ________ to the debtor, among those due, shall be
deemed to have been________.

If the debts due are of the same ________and________, the ________shall be applied to all of them________. (1174a)

SUBSECTION 2

Payment by Cession

ARTICLE 1255. The debtor may ________ or ________ his property to his creditors in payment of his ________. This
________, unless there is stipulation to the contrary, shall only ________ the debtor from ________ for the net ________
of the thing assigned. The ________which, on the effect of the cession, are made between the ________ and his
________ shall be governed by ________laws. (1175a)