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Straight Strut
AECOM SINGAPORE PTE LTD
DESIGN OF SINGLE AND COMPOUND STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 6.0 updated on 24-05-2011
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.53 + 0.183 + 0 = 0.712 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 7.79E+06 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.823 + 0.17 + 0 = 0.993 OK!
0.69 + 0.197 + 0 = 0.886 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.296 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.20 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 4320.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 6120.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 747.8 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 3.0 kN/m
Mx1 = 49.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 49.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 43.10 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 186 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 264 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 5.976 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 5.37 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.793 0.196 0.000 0.989 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.534 + 0.184 + 0 = 0.718 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.17E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.828 + 0.17 + 0 = 0.998 OK!
0.695 + 0.198 + 0 = 0.893 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.296 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.20 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 6540.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 9240.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1121.8 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 4.5 kN/m
Mx1 = 73.8 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 43.10 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 282 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 398 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 8.964 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 5.37 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.799 0.197 0.000 0.996 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.641 + 0.192 + 0 = 0.833 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 9.35E+06 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.796 + 0.182 + 0 = 0.978 OK!
0.796 + 0.204 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 6.506 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 38.30 Web is Semi-compact.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 3 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 6240.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 8700.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 897.4 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 3.6 kN/m
Mx1 = 59.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 49.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 62.02 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 387 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 540 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 6.580 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 2.39 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.775 0.196 0.000 0.971 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.642 + 0.189 + 0 = 0.831 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.40E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.795 + 0.202 + 0 = 0.997 OK!
0.795 + 0.2 + 0 = 0.995 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 6.506 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 38.30 Web is Slender.
Hence, the proposed section is Slender.
Section is classified as Class 4 Section web reduced strength, y' = 337.2 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 9420.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 12360.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1346.1 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 5.4 kN/m
Mx1 = 88.8 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 62.02 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 584 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 767 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 9.870 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 2.39 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.795 0.202 0.000 0.997 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.657 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.844 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.26E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.809 + 0.188 + 0 = 0.997 OK!
0.801 + 0.18 + 0 = 0.981 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.308 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 8940.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 12300.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1212.3 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 4.8 kN/m
Mx1 = 79.7 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 49.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 63.50 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 568 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 781 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 7.822 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 2.02 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.796 0.200 0.000 0.996 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.659 + 0.187 + 0 = 0.845 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.89E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.81 + 0.189 + 0 = 0.998 OK!
0.802 + 0.18 + 0 = 0.982 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.308 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 13440.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 18480.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1818.4 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 7.2 kN/m
Mx1 = 119.6 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 63.50 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 853 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1173 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 11.733 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 2.02 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.798 0.200 0.000 0.998 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.664 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.85 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.78E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.795 + 0.203 + 0 = 0.998 OK!
0.789 + 0.187 + 0 = 0.976 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.793 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 12360.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 16920.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1712.2 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 6.8 kN/m
Mx1 = 112.7 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 49.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 66.10 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 817 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1118 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 9.820 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 1.71 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.795 0.203 0.000 0.998 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.673 + 0.178 + 0 = 0.85 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 2.68E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.805 + 0.194 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.799 + 0.179 + 0 = 0.978 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.793 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 18540.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 25440.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 2568.2 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 10.2 kN/m
Mx1 = 169.1 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 66.10 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 1225 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1682 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 14.730 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 1.71 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.795 0.203 0.000 0.998 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.667 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.852 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 2.17E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.794 + 0.205 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.787 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.973 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.183 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 15120.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 20640.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 2086.1 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 8.3 kN/m
Mx1 = 137.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 49.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 67.90 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 1027 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1401 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 11.300 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 1.57 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.794 0.205 0.000 0.999 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.667 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.852 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 3.26E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.794 + 0.205 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.795 + 0.179 + 0 = 0.974 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.183 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 22680.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 31020.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 3129.1 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 12.5 kN/m
Mx1 = 205.8 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 67.90 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 1540 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 2106 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 16.950 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 1.57 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.794 0.205 0.000 0.999 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY :
SECTION REF. : STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.673 + 0.179 + 0 = 0.853 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 3.56E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.8 + 0.199 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.793 + 0.179 + 0 = 0.972 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 2.936 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 16.88 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 24780.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 33900.0 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 3418.4 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 13.7 kN/m
Mx1 = 225.7 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 74.4 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 68.90 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 1707 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 2336 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 18.150 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 1.51 mm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.792 0.207 0.000 0.998 OK!
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.571 + 0.222 + 0 = 0.792 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 9.35E+06 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.787 + 0.211 + 0 = 0.997 OK!
0.709 + 0.235 + 0 = 0.944 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 6.506 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 38.30 Web is Semi-compact.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 3 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 5642.7 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 7919.6 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 897.4 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 3.6 kN/m
Mx1 = 96.7 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 81.0 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 62.02 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 350 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 491 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 6.580 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 6.38 mm
DS capacity 2X610X305X179
Allowable deflection based on L/1000 = 15 mm 2< L/1000, No need to consider P-delta effect
Mx4 (Normal) = 0 kNm Mx4 (Redundancy) = 0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.787 0.211 0.000 0.997 OK!
DS capacity 2X610X305X179
LC2a: Accidental Load (x-direction) = 0.602 0.196 0.000 0.798 OK!
LC2b: Accidental Load (y-direction) = 0.602 0.142 0.003 0.747 OK! 0.997
LC3 : 1-strut Failure = 0.811 0.184 0.000 0.995 OK! LC1 governs!
DS capacity 2X610X305X179
AECOM SINGAPORE PTE LTD
DESIGN OF SINGLE AND COMPOUND STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 6.0 updated on 24-05-2011
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.584 + 0.19 + 0 = 0.774 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.26E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.795 + 0.204 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.7 + 0.195 + 0 = 0.895 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.308 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 7820.6 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 10889.4 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1212.3 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 4.8 kN/m
Mx1 = 130.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 81.0 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 63.50 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 497 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 691 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 7.822 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 5.39 mm
DS capacity 2X610X324X241
Allowable deflection based on L/1000 = 15 mm 2< L/1000, No need to consider P-delta effect
Mx4 (Normal) = 0 kNm Mx4 (Redundancy) = 0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.795 0.204 0.000 0.999 OK!
DS capacity 2X610X324X241
LC2a: Accidental Load (x-direction) = 0.608 0.181 0.000 0.789 OK!
LC2b: Accidental Load (y-direction) = 0.608 0.142 0.002 0.751 OK! 0.999
LC3 : 1-strut Failure = 0.814 0.183 0.000 0.997 OK! LC1 governs!
DS capacity 2X610X324X241
AECOM SINGAPORE PTE LTD
DESIGN OF SINGLE AND COMPOUND STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 6.0 updated on 24-05-2011
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.594 + 0.188 + 0 = 0.781 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 1.78E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.793 + 0.205 + 0 = 0.998 OK!
0.705 + 0.189 + 0 = 0.894 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.793 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 10889.4 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 15096.7 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 1712.2 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 6.8 kN/m
Mx1 = 184.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 81.0 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 66.10 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 720 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 998 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 9.820 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 4.57 mm
DS capacity 2X610X324X341
Allowable deflection based on L/1000 = 15 mm 2< L/1000, No need to consider P-delta effect
Mx4 (Normal) = 0 kNm Mx4 (Redundancy) = 0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.793 0.205 0.000 0.998 OK!
DS capacity 2X610X324X341
LC2a: Accidental Load (x-direction) = 0.606 0.174 0.000 0.780 OK!
LC2b: Accidental Load (y-direction) = 0.606 0.145 0.002 0.753 OK! 0.998
LC3 : 1-strut Failure = 0.809 0.188 0.000 0.997 OK! LC1 governs!
DS capacity 2X610X324X341
AECOM SINGAPORE PTE LTD
DESIGN OF SINGLE AND COMPOUND STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 6.0 updated on 24-05-2011
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.597 + 0.186 + 0 = 0.784 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 2.17E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.807 + 0.192 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.719 + 0.174 + 0 = 0.893 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.183 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 13364.3 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 18512.1 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 2086.1 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 8.3 kN/m
Mx1 = 224.2 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 81.0 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 67.90 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 907 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1257 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 11.300 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 4.18 mm
DS capacity 2X610X324X415
Allowable deflection based on L/1000 = 15 mm 2< L/1000, No need to consider P-delta effect
Mx4 (Normal) = 0 kNm Mx4 (Redundancy) = 0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.791 0.206 0.000 0.997 OK!
DS capacity 2X610X324X415
LC2a: Accidental Load (x-direction) = 0.605 0.171 0.000 0.776 OK!
LC2b: Accidental Load (y-direction) = 0.605 0.148 0.001 0.754 OK! 0.999
LC3 : 1-strut Failure = 0.807 0.192 0.000 0.999 OK! LC4 governs!
DS capacity 2X610X324X415
AECOM SINGAPORE PTE LTD
DESIGN OF SINGLE AND COMPOUND STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 6.0 updated on 24-05-2011
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF TWIN LACED STRUT OF STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL STRUT CAPACITY DATE : 30-07-2012
SUMMARY OF DESIGN
Interactive Relationship : Local Interactive Relationship
0.599 + 0.187 + 0 = 0.785 OK! Proposed Strut Stiffness, EA = 3.26E+07 kN
Overall Interactive Relationship
0.793 + 0.206 + 0 = 0.999 OK!
0.707 + 0.187 + 0 = 0.894 OK!
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.183 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section is classified as Class 1 &2 Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1 AXIAL LOAD
3.1.1 Excavation Load 3.1.2 Temperature Load
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Normal) = 20096.0 kN Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Axial Strut Force, Fc (Redundancy) = 27768.1 kN Degree of restraint against wall = 0.800
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
Temperature Load, FT = 3129.1 kN
3.2 BENDING ABOUT MAJOR AXIS, Mx
3.2.1 Bending due to self-weight, Mx1
Self weight of proposed strut = 12.5 kN/m
Mx1 = 336.3 kNm
3.2.2 Bending due to imposed load, M x2
Imposed load onto section, w = 1.5 kN/m
Mx2 = 121.6 kNm
3.2.3 Bending due to eccentricity waler to strut connection, M x3
The minimum strut eccentricity, 1 = 67.90 mm
Mx3a (Normal) = 1365 kNm Mx3a (Redundancy) = 1885 kNm
3.2.4 Bending due to deflection induced by selfweight (P-delta effect)+ imposed load, M x4
Self weight + imposed load onto section, Pv,s = 16.950 kN/m per lace section
Strut deflection, 2=5wL4/384EI = 4.18 mm
DS capacity 3X610X324X415
Allowable deflection based on L/1000 = 15 mm 2< L/1000, No need to consider P-delta effect
Mx4 (Normal) = 0 kNm Mx4 (Redundancy) = 0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc/Pc mxMx/PyZx myMy/PyZy
LC1 : Normal Working Conditions = 0.793 0.206 0.000 0.999 OK!
DS capacity 3X610X324X415
LC2a: Accidental Load (x-direction) = 0.606 0.163 0.000 0.770 OK!
LC2b: Accidental Load (y-direction) = 0.606 0.148 0.001 0.755 OK! 0.999
LC3 : 1-strut Failure = 0.807 0.192 0.000 0.999 OK! LC1 governs!
DS capacity 3X610X324X415
Typical Strutting Calculation
Waler
Waler Capacity Table
Straight Waler
Diagonal Waler
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 406x260x148.8kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : Waler Capacity (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 406x260x148.8kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 1620.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 2160.0 kN/m The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 1134.0 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.000 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Tributary width from splay load = 2.000 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 6.15E+08 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 7.75E+07 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 3.23E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 8.98E+05 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 2.85E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 5.85E+05 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 180.3 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 63.99 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.30 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.20 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 10.00 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.874 mm OK!
Waler 2x406x260x148.8
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 400x400x172.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : Waler Capacity (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 400x400x172.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 1390.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1860.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 976.5 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.000 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Tributary width from splay load = 2.000 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 6.54E+08 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 2.24E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 3.60E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.70E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 3.27E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.12E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 174.5 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 102.20 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 9.52 Flange is Semi-compact. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.15 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 10.00 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.518 mm OK!
Waler 2x400x400x172
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x305x179.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : Waler Capacity (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x305x179.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 2300.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 3070.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 1611.8 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.000 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Tributary width from splay load = 2.000 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 1.51E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 1.14E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 5.48E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.14E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 4.87E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 7.43E+05 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 258.8 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 71.08 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 6.51 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 38.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 10.00 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.084 mm OK!
Waler 2x610x305x179
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x324x241.1kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : Waler Capacity (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x324x241.1kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 3050.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 4070.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 2136.8 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.000 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Tributary width from splay load = 2.000 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 2.14E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 1.84E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 7.63E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.72E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 6.75E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.12E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 264.4 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 77.56 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.31 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 10.00 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.013 mm OK!
Waler 2x610x324x241.1
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x324x341.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : Waler Capacity (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x324x341.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 4210.0 (Governing load) The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 5610.0 kN/m The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 2947.0 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.000 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Tributary width from splay load = 2.000 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 3.17E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 2.71E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 1.10E+07 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 2.52E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 9.59E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.63E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 270.9 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 79.16 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 335.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.79 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 10.00 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 0.944 mm OK!
Waler 2x610x324x341
Typical Strutting Calculation
Waler (Diagonal Strut)
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 406x260x148.8kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 406x260x148.8kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 1250.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1670.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 876.8 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 6.15E+08 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 7.75E+07 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 3.23E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 8.98E+05 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 2.85E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 5.85E+05 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 180.3 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 63.99 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.30 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.20 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 3.537 mm OK!
DWaler 2x406x260x148.8
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 400x400x172.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 400x400x172.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 1110.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1490.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 782.3 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 6.54E+08 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 2.24E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 3.60E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.70E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 3.27E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.12E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 174.5 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 102.20 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 9.52 Flange is Semi-compact. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.15 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 2.969 mm OK!
DWaler 2x400x400x172
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x305x179.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x305x179.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 1820.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 2430.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 1275.8 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 1.51E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 1.14E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 5.48E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.14E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 4.87E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 7.43E+05 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 258.8 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 71.08 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 6.51 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 38.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 2.094 mm OK!
DWaler 2x610x305x179
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x324x241.1kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x324x241.1kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 2440.0 (Governing load) The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 3250.0 kN/m The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 1708.0 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 2.14E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 1.84E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 7.63E+06 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 1.72E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 6.75E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.12E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 264.4 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 77.56 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 345.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.31 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.977 mm OK!
DWaler 2x610x324x241.1
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x324x341.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x324x341.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 3360.0 The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 4490.0 kN/m (Governing load) The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 2357.3 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 3.17E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 2.71E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 1.10E+07 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 2.52E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 9.59E+06 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 1.63E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 270.9 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 79.16 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 335.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.79 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.844 mm OK!
DWaler 2x610x324x341
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF WALERS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 1990/2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KL METRO SBK LINE - MERDEKA STATION (DD STAGE) DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 610x324x415.0kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : DIAGONAL WALER CAPACITY (With axial force from splay) DATE : 30-07-12
Assumptions made :
2
1) The waling should be continuous over two or more supports and shall be designed for a maximum bending moment of wL /8, where w is the waling
load per unit length and L is the horizontal waler spacing.
2) The notional moment in y-y axis is taken to be =10 kN/m.
Proposed waler section = 610x324x415.0kg/m Steel S275 Number of waling beam, N = Double Walers
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design (SLS) load (Basic) = 4180.0 (Governing load) The load factor (Base case), = 1.400
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 5570.0 kN/m The load factor (Exception), = 1.050
Ultimate design waling load, Pu = 2926.0 kN/m
Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.500 metres The effective length factor, xx = 1.000
Proposed effective length, Lyy = 3.000 metres The effective length factor, yy = 1.000
Maximum diagonal spacing = 1.750 metres
Section moment of inertia, Ixx = 3.99E+09 mm4 Section moment of inertia, Iyy = 3.43E+08 mm4
Section plastic modulus, Sxx = 1.37E+07 mm3 Section plastic modulus, Syy = 3.16E+06 mm3
Section elastic modulus, Zxx = 1.17E+07 mm3 Section elastic modulus, Zyy = 2.03E+06 mm3
Section radius of gyration, rxx = 274.8 mm Section radius of gyration, ryy = 80.60 mm
2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Section design strength, y = 335.0 N/mm2 Elastic modulus of Steel, Esteel = 205.0 kN/mm2
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.18 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength. (Clause 3.6.5)
2
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm
7) DEFLECTION CHECK
Allowable beam deflection, = 12.50 mm
Waling beam deflection, = 1.821 mm OK!
DWaler 2x610x324x415
Typical Strutting Calculation
Splay
Splay Capacity Table
Notes:
1. Forces shown are at 0.99 capacity
2. Forces are in increment of 10s
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 406x260x148.8kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 250.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 360.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.30 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.20 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 1.988 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 2.087 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.013 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 43.10 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 43.11 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 144.60 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 2.886 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 184.6 kNm
Splay 406x260x148.8
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 6526 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 1113.8 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 201.9 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.626 0.188 0.184
= 0.998 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.626 0.186 0.184
= 0.996 OK!
Splay 406x260x148.8
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 400x400x172.0kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 380.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 510.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 9.52 Flange is Semi-compact. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.15 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 2.220 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 2.331 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.014 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 40.00 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 40.01 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 188.47 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 3.212 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 228.8 kNm
Splay 400x400x172
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 7402 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 1127.5 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 386.5 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.686 0.203 0.096
= 0.985 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.686 0.203 0.096
= 0.985 OK!
Splay 400x400x172
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 610x324x241.1kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 520.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 700.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 5.31 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 30.59 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 2.911 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 3.057 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.006 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 63.50 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 63.51 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 411.15 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 4.180 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 452.5 kNm
Splay 610x324x241
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 10578 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 2632.8 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 386.7 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.701 0.194 0.096
= 0.991 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.701 0.180 0.096
= 0.977 OK!
Splay 610x324x241
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 610x324x341.0kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 750.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1000.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.79 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 22.14 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 3.910 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 4.106 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.005 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 66.10 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 66.11 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 611.11 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 5.580 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 653.8 kNm
Splay 610x324x341
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 14480 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 3693.5 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 545.0 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.726 0.203 0.068
= 0.997 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.726 0.184 0.068
= 0.978 OK!
Splay 610x324x341
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 610x324x415.0kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 940.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1240.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 3.18 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 18.30 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 4.650 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 4.883 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.005 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 67.90 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 67.90 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 777.98 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 6.617 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 821.7 kNm
Splay 610x324x415
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 17686 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 4573.8 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 679.8 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.733 0.209 0.055
= 0.996 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.733 0.186 0.055
= 0.973 OK!
Splay 610x324x415
AECOM PTE LTD
DESIGN OF KNEE STRUTS WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 (A) updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (SBK LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : CWT
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 250x250x66.5kg/m of STEEL S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SPLAY CAPACITY REVISION : - DATE : 30-07-12
Steel S275
Proposed knee strut section = 610x324x455.0kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Design axial (SLS) load (Basic) = 1000.0 kN/m Proposed effective length, Lxx = 2.830 metres
Design (SLS) load (Exception) = 1360.0 kN/m (Governing load) Proposed effective length, Lyy = 2.830 metres
Tributary spacing of strut, Ls = 6.000 metres The incidence angle of strut, = 45.00 Degrees
Proposed section actual b/T = 2.94 Flange is Plastic. Proposed section actual d/t = 16.88 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 335.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
Thermal coeff. of expansion, = 1.20E-05 per Degree Celsius
Degree of restraint against wall = 0.300
Variation in strut temperature, T = 10.00 Degree Celsius
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Imposed load onto section = 0.500 kN/m Assumed accidental load, Pa = 50.00 kN
Service load onto section, Pv,s = 5.050 kN/m per section Moment from accidental load,My = 37.14 kNm
Ultimate load onto section, Pv,u = 5.303 kN/m per section
Strut deflection, 1 = 5wL4/384EI = 0.005 mm
The minimum strut eccentricity, 2 = 68.90 mm
Total eccentricity, ecc,T = 1+ 2 = 68.90 mm
Moment due to eccentricity, M1 = 865.73 kNm
Moment due to the strut wt, M2 = 7.178 kNm
Moment from accident load, M3 = 37.14 kNm
Total moment, Mx = M1+ M2 + M3 = 910.1 kNm
Splay 610x324x455
4. DESIGN OF KNEE STRUT / SPLAY AND ITS CONNECTION
A) LOCAL CAPACITY CHECK AS PER CLAUSE 4.8.3.3.1
Compression resistance, Pc = 19334 kN
Section moment capacity, Mcx = 5042.5 kNm
Section moment capacity, Mcy = 750.5 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = F c / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.734 0.211 0.049
= 0.994 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.734 0.186 0.049
= 0.969 OK!
Splay 610x324x455
Typical Strutting Calculation
Runner Beam
Summary On Runner Force for Merdeka Station
Length of strut
Angle of strut Total Strut weight Total Vertical
Strut Level No. of Single Strut Spacing Plaxis Strut Strut Force considered for 2.5% Vertical
Strut Layer Strut Size inclination, + 1.5 kN/m*Lx Load on runner,
(mRL) Strut Weight (kg/m) (m) Force (kN/m) (kN) load on runner Restraint (kN)
(deg) strut (kN) kN
(m)
P1 P2
Reaction R1 337.155 kN
Reaction R2 337.155 kN
SF Profile
333.935
337.155
9.7
-9.7
4m -333.9
-337.155
BM Profile
335.545 335.545
350.035
Calculation for Max. BM if the above SF & BM profiles are not true
Max. SF 337.155 kN
Max. BM 350.035 kNm
MAUNSELL CONSULTANTS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD
DESIGN OF STEEL MEMBER WITH ROLLED STEEL SECTION IN ACCORDANCE TO BS5950 : PART 1 : 2000 Version 3.0 updated on 31-12-2006
TITLE OF PROJECT : KLANG VALLEY MRT PROJECT (BLUE LINE) - MERDEKA STATION DESIGNED BY : ASMS
DESIGN SECTION : STRUCTURAL CAPACITY OF 400x400x172.0kg/m of Steel S355 (Grade 50B) CHECKED BY : LKW
SECTION REF. : SECTION T3-T3 SS3 RUNNER BEAM DATE : 18/07/2012
Steel S275
Proposed runner beam section = 400x400x172.0kg/m
Steel S355
SUMMARY OF INPUTS
Outstand element of compression flange, b/T Web subject to compression throughout, d/t
Plastic = 8.035 Plastic = 48.61
Compact = 8.93 Compact = 52.39
Semi-compact = 13.39 Semi-compact = 90.9
Proposed section actual b/T = 9.524 Flange is Semi-compact. Proposed section actual d/t = 24.15 Web is Plastic.
Hence, the proposed section is Non-slender, hence no reduction for design strength.
Section web reduced strength, y' = 345.0 N/mm2
(Clause 3.6.5)
3. LOADING INFORMATION
A) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO SELF-WEIGHT AND ECCENTRICITY B) BENDING MOMENT DUE TO ACCIDENTAL LOAD
Moment due to self-weight, M1 = 19.26 kNm Assumed accidental load, Pa = 0.000 kN
Bending moment in x-x axis, Mx = 509.3 kNm Moment from accidental load,My = 0.000 kNm
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pc + mxMx / Mcx + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (1)
For Major axis In-plane Buckling = Fc / Pc + mxMx / PyZx + myMy / PyZy
= 0.162 0.452 0.000
= 0.614 OK!
The Interaction Expression : Fc/Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy < 1.0 -------------------- Equation (2)
For Lateral-Torsional Buckling = Fc / Pcy + mLTMx / Mb + myMy / PyZy
= 0.162 0.596 0.000
= 0.758 OK!
RB Design T3-T3