Bp

A1) caffeine, alcohol, exercise can increase bp dramatically

A2) When having your blood pressure measured, the cuff should always be placed directly on your arm.
Studies have shown that clothing can impact a systolic blood pressure from 10 to 50 mmHg.

A3) When having your blood pressure measured, you should always be seated in a comfortable chair,
legs uncrossed, with your back and arm supported. If your back is not supported, your diastolic blood
pressure measurement may be increased by 6 mmHg. Crossing your legs has shown to raise your systolic
blood pressure by 2 to 8 mmHg. The positioning of your upper arm below your heart level will also result
in higher measurements, whereas positioning your upper arm above your heart level will give you lower
measurements. These differences can increase/decrease your systolic blood pressure 2mmHg for every
inch above/below your heart level.

A4) The brachial artery is a major blood vessel located in the upper arm and is the main supplier of blood
to the arm and hand. The brachial artery continues from the axillary artery at the shoulder and travels
down the underside of the arm. Along with the medial cubital vein and bicep tendon, it forms the cubital
fossa, the triangular pit on the inside of the elbow.Below the cubital fossa, the brachial artery divides
into two arteries running down the forearm: the ulnar and radial. In some people, this division occurs
higher up, causing these arteries to run through the upper arm. These are the two main branches of the
brachial artery. The brachial artery’s other branches are: the inferior ulnar collateral, profunda brachii,
and superior ulnar arteries.The brachial artery's pulse can be felt on the elbow's front side. This is why
blood pressure is measured in this area using either a sphygmomanometer (a blood pressure meter) or a
stethoscope.

A5) to get a rough estimate of how high to raise the cuff pressure, we palpate the radial artery and
rapidly inflate the cuff until the radial pulse disappears

A6) adding 30 mm hg to subsequent inflations prevents discomfort from unnecessarily high cuff
pressures and it also avoids the occasional error caused by auscultatory gap-silent interval that may be
present between systolic and diastolic pressures

A7) we deflate the cuff slowly so that we don't miss the exact point at which we can hear koratkoff sound
as well as the exact point at which it disappears

A8) When measuring blood pressure using the auscultation method, turbulent blood flow will occur
when the cuff pressure is greater than the diastolic pressure and less than the systolic pressure. The
"tapping" sounds associated with the turbulent flow are known as Korotkoff sounds.

A9) 120/80

A10) standard cuff is 12*23 cm appropriate for arm circumferences upto 28cm

A11) too small cuff- bp will read high

Too large cuff- bp will read low on small arm and high on large arm