Course Code : CE 316

Course Title : Design of Concrete Structures Sessional

Sabuj Chowdhury
Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering
Ahsanullah University of Science And Technology
 Syllabus
CE 316: Design of Concrete Structures Sessional (1.5 Credit)
 Design of Low Rise Masonry Structure (Mid)
o Design of One way Slab
o Design of Beam
o Design of Stair
o Design of Sunshade
o Design of Lintel
o Design of Foundation
 Design of Bridge (Final)
o Design of Slab Bridge
 Design of Slab
 Design of Curb
o Design of a Deck Girder Bridge
 Design of Slab
 Design of Interior Girder
 Design of Exterior Girder
 Design of Diaphragm

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 2

 Marks Distribution
CE 316: Design of Concrete Structures Sessional (1.5 Credit)

Item Percentage (%)

Attendance 10
Class Performance (i.e. Spot Test , Viva) 25
Report 40
Quizzes 25
Total 100

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 3

 Low rise & High rise Structure
Differences between Low rise and High rise structure

Low Rise Structure High Rise Structure

In low rise building, generally number of
story is less than six. (In Bangladesh)
In low rise building lateral load is very
small so neglected.
Low rise building is only designed for
gravity load (Dead Load and Live Load)
In high rise building, generally number of
story is greater or equal to six. (In
Bangladesh)
In high rise building lateral load is
necessary and not negligible.
High rise building is designed for both
gravity load (Dead Load and Live Load) &
lateral load (Earthquake Load, Wind Load
etc.)

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 4

 WSD & USD
Differences between WSD and USD
WSD
WSD stands for Working Stress Design.
In WSD, generally, load is not factorized.
Total Load = DL + LL
In WSD, factor of safety ensured by material
only
Stability of Structure is less than USD
High cost design method
Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST
USD
USD Stands for Ultimate Strength Design.
In USD, generally, load is factorized.
Total Load = 1.2 × DL + 1.6 × LL
In USD, factor of safety ensured by both
Material and load.
Stability of Structure is more than WSD
Low cost design method
5
 One-way Slab & Two-way Slab
Differences between One-way Slab and Two-way Slab

One-way Slab Two-way Slab

One-way slab may be supported by beams in Two-way slab must be supported by
only 2 sides. beams in all four sides.
If one way slab is supported in four sides, In two way slab, the ratio of longer span
the ratio of longer span (L) to shorter span (L) to shorter span (B) is less than 2.
(B) is equal or greater than 2.
Main Reinforcement is provided in only one Main Reinforcement is provided in both
direction for one way slab. In other the direction for two way slab.
direction, temperature and shrinkage
reinforcement are provided.

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 6

 ∴ ∆𝑎 = ∆𝑏
5 𝑤𝑎 𝐿𝑎4 5 𝑤𝑏 𝐿𝑏4
=≫ =
384 𝐸𝐼 384 𝐸𝐼
=≫ 𝑤𝑎 𝐿𝑎4 = 𝑤𝑏 𝐿𝑏4
𝑤𝑏 𝐿𝑎4
=≫ = 𝐿 > 𝐿𝑏
𝑤𝑎 𝐿𝑏4 𝑎
4
𝑤𝑏 𝐿𝑎
=≫ = (𝐿𝑎 > 𝐿𝑏 )
𝑤𝑎 𝐿𝑏
 Example
Design comparison between WSD and USD

3#9

18″

10″

Assume,
10″ × 18″ and 3 # 9 reinforcement
DL = 1.1 k/ft, LL = 2.5 k/ft and L = 10 ft.
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊
SSB (Simply Supported Beam)

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 8

 Example (WSD Method)
 Moment Capacity (On basis of Material)
Modulus of Elasticity of concrete, 𝑬𝒄 = 𝟓𝟕𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒇′𝒄 (𝒑𝒔𝒊) 𝒑𝒔𝒊
= 𝟓𝟕𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒑𝒔𝒊
= 𝟑. 𝟔𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒑𝒔𝒊 3#9
𝒇𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝒇𝒚 = 𝟐𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊 & 𝒇𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟏. 𝟖 𝒌𝒔𝒊
𝑬𝒔 𝟐𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒑𝒔𝒊 18″
Modular ratio, n = = = 𝟕. 𝟗𝟕 ≈ 𝟖
𝑬𝒄 𝟑. 𝟔𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒑𝒔𝒊
𝒇𝒔 𝟐𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊
Stress ratio, r = = = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑
𝒇𝒄 𝟏. 𝟖 𝒌𝒔𝒊
𝒏 𝟖 𝒌 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟓 10″
𝒌= = = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟓 & 𝒋 = 𝟏 − = 𝟏 − = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟓
𝒏 + 𝒓 𝟖 + 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
o Beam is Simply Supported
𝟐
𝑨𝒔 = 𝟑 × 𝟏 = 𝟑 𝒊𝒏 & 𝒅 = 𝒉 − 𝟐. 𝟓 𝒊𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖 − 𝟐. 𝟓 𝒊𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓 𝒊𝒏
o DL = 1.1 k/ft
𝟏
𝑴𝒄 = 𝒇𝒄 𝒌𝒋𝒃𝒅𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝟏. 𝟖 × 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟓 × 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎 × 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓𝟐 o LL = 2.5 k/ft
𝟐
= 𝟕𝟎𝟗. 𝟒𝟗 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏 o L = 10 ft

𝑴𝒔 = 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒔 𝒋𝒅 = 𝟑 × 𝟐𝟒 × 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟓 × 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓 = 𝟗𝟕𝟔. 𝟓 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏 o 𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊

o 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊
Moment from material, 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 = 𝟕𝟎𝟗. 𝟒𝟗 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 9

 Example (WSD Method)
 Moment Capacity (On basis of Load)

Total Load, w = DL + LL
= (1.1 + 2.5) k/ft
= 3.6 k/ft 3#9
𝒘𝑳𝟐
Maximum Moment from load, 𝑴𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 =
𝟖
18″
𝟑. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐
= 𝒌 − 𝒇𝒕
𝟖
= 𝟒𝟓 𝒌 − 𝒇𝒕
= (𝟒𝟓 × 𝟏𝟐) 𝒌 − 𝒊𝒏
10″
= 𝟓𝟒𝟎 𝒌 − 𝒊𝒏
 Factor of Safety o Beam is Simply Supported
o DL = 1.1 k/ft
𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝟕𝟎𝟗. 𝟒𝟗
Factor of Safety, 𝑭𝑺 = = = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟏 o LL = 2.5 k/ft
𝑴𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟓𝟒𝟎
o L = 10 ft
o 𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊
o 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 10

 Example (USD Method)
 Moment Capacity (On basis of Material)
𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 𝟑 × 𝟔𝟎
𝒂= = = 𝟓. 𝟐𝟗 𝒊𝒏
𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄 𝒃 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 × 𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎

𝒂 𝟓. 𝟐𝟗 3#9
𝑴𝒏 = 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 𝒅 − = 𝟑 × 𝟔𝟎 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓 − = 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟑. 𝟗 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏
𝟐 𝟐
𝒂 𝟓. 𝟐𝟗 18″
𝒄= = = 𝟔. 𝟐𝟐 𝒊𝒏
𝜷𝟏 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓

𝒅−𝒄 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓 − 𝟔. 𝟐𝟐
𝝐𝒕 = 𝝐𝒖 = × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟒𝟖 < 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓
𝒄 𝟔. 𝟐𝟐
10″

∅ = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝟖𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝝐𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝟔 o Beam is Simply Supported

o DL = 1.1 k/ft
𝑴𝒅 = ∅𝑴𝒏 = 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟎. 𝟔𝟗 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏 o LL = 2.5 k/ft
o L = 10 ft
Moment from material, 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 = 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟎. 𝟔𝟗 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒊𝒏 o 𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊
o 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 11

 Example (USD Method)
 Moment Capacity (On basis of Load)

Total Load, w = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

= (1.2×1.1 + 1.6×2.5) k/ft
= 5.32 k/ft 3#9
𝒘𝑳𝟐
Maximum Moment from load, 𝑴𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 =
𝟖
18″
𝟓. 𝟑𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐
= 𝒌 − 𝒇𝒕
𝟖
= 𝟔𝟔. 𝟓 𝒌 − 𝒇𝒕
= (𝟔𝟔. 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟐) 𝒌 − 𝒊𝒏
10″
= 𝟕𝟗𝟖 𝒌 − 𝒊𝒏
 Factor of Safety o Beam is Simply Supported
o DL = 1.1 k/ft
𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟎. 𝟔𝟗
Factor of Safety, 𝑭𝑺 = = = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟖 o LL = 2.5 k/ft
𝑴𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟕𝟗𝟖
o L = 10 ft
o 𝒇′𝒄 = 𝟒 𝒌𝒔𝒊
o 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 12

 Example (WSD & USD Method)
 Conclusion
1. Factor of safety is higher in USD method than WSD method.
2. Factor of safety in USD method is 1.89 times of factor of safety in WSD method in
this example.

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 13

 Data For Section A2
 Determine the Moment Capacity in WSD & USD method. Determine which method is safer and how much?
Necessary Data: DL = 1.4 k/ft LL = 2.6 k/ft L = 8 ft Beam is Simply Supported
Bottom
Student ID b (in) h (in) 𝒇𝒄′ (ksi) 𝒇𝒚 (ksi)
Reinforcement
160103028 9 16 3#9 4 60
160103029 9 16 3#10 3.5 55
160103030 10 18 3#11 3 50
160103031 10 18 3#8 4 40
160103032 9 20 3#9 3.5 60
160103034 9 16 3#10 3 55
160103035 10 18 3#11 4 50
h
160103036 10 18 3#8 3.5 40
160103037 9 20 3#9 3 60
160103040 9 16 3#10 4 55
160103045 10 18 3#11 3.5 50
160103046 10 18 3#8 3 40
9 20 3#9 4 60
b
160103048
160103049 9 16 3#10 3.5 55
160103051 10 18 3#11 3 50
160103053 10 18 3#8 4 40

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 14

 Data For Section C1
 Determine the Moment Capacity in WSD & USD method. Determine which method is safer and how much?
Necessary Data: DL = 1.2 k/ft LL = 2.8 k/ft L = 10 ft Beam is Simply Supported
Bottom
Student ID b (in) h (in) 𝒇𝒄′ (ksi) 𝒇𝒚 (ksi)
Reinforcement
160103120 9 16 3#10 3 55
160103121 10 18 3#11 4 50
160103122 10 18 3#8 3.5 40
160103125 9 20 3#9 3 60
160103126 9 16 3#10 4 55
160103129 10 18 3#11 3.5 50
h
160103132 9 20 3#9 3 55
160103133 9 16 3#10 4 50
160103134 10 18 3#11 3.5 40
160103135 10 18 3#8 3 60
160103136 9 20 3#9 4 55
160103139 9 16 3#10 3.5 50 b
160103140 10 18 3#11 3 55
160103141 10 18 3#8 4 50
160103142 9 20 3#9 3.5 40
160103144 9 16 3#10 3 60
160103145 10 18 3#11 4 55
160103146 10 18 3#8 3.5 50
160103148 9 20 3#9 3 55
160103149 9 16 3#10 4 50
160103150 10 18 3#11 3.5 40
160103151 10 18 3#8 3 60
160103152 9 20 3#9 4 55
150203107 10 18 3#11 3.5 50

Sabuj Chowdhury, Lecturer, AUST 15