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Conclusion

Historically, black women in America have been victimized by a racist and sexist society which has
defined their sexuality to suit it's own devious designs. The imputation of moral and untrammeled
sexual urges became a weapon in the racial subjugation of the blacks and to support this myth, whites
had to deny their own sexuality.

Racism and Sexism are the real culprits of the terror that affects lives of many characters in The Third
Life of Grange Copeland and The Color Purple. In her novels walker does not represent a negative
picture of black men but it does say that the black people must be responsible for each other. It deals
with the way the extended family by ordinary middle class roles finally leaves their husbands for a new
set of possibilities else where. Her works expose sexism, racism and patriarchal power structure and
celebrate the black women's intellectual capacities. She exposes patriarchal hegemony by not rejecting
the black man completely. She creates such a world of black men and women based on equality and
peaceful coexistence which is full of happiness and she creates a New World order defined by the
female species.

Racism is one of the predominant issues in the novels of walker like The Third Life of Grange Copeland
and The Color Purple. The issues of racism are explored under the specificans of the general victimhood
of black males, the destruction of culture and traditions of black families and devalued black families.
Then the victimhood of black females, the victimhood of black children in the form of internalised
racism, the intra-racial racism and the lack of emotional and psychological support for the children from
the parents in a racial milieu are analysed.

Walker's The Third Life of Grange Copeland is a similar novel of a sharecropper who lives a full of
poverty, confusion and oppression. But the protagonist is able to break out the routine of a socially and
personally accepted oppression in order to enhance the condition of his later life. The blacks are
reduced to a status of a commodity, animals and subhumans due to the doctrine of racism. The feeling
of inferiority, inability and inadequacy of the slave male turns out as a range over his family, who
dominates his wife and children to, submission. They become receptacles for the evil due to lack of
manhood of the black men. The author discuss such oppressive nature and superiority in the white
characters like Shipley in The Third Life of Grange Copeland.
The novels show the destruction of culture and identity of black family by the instruction of slavery.
Many characters of both the sexes lack their own culture as the slaves were forced to adopt to the
dominant culture, imposed by their masters. This cultural disruption also came after the emancipation
and with the great migrations to northern cities. In the novel The Third Life of Grange Copeland, the
protagonist faces similar cultural disruption when he faces his three lives and finally regains his life. He
speaks to his granddaughter, Ruth about his past life, his vision about the society, his mistakes, his fear,
how he Overcome the fear over the whites and enlightens his granddaughter about racism. Through
these words of Grange, the author also enlightens the readers to understand the core issues of racism.
The women characters of walker like Sophia and Squeak of The Color Purple and Margaret of The Third
Life of Grange Copeland are also directly victimized due to racism. The female characters in the novels
are directly affected by the whites and indirectly affected by the black males. The black male characters
pass on their pains and frustration to the weaker sex.

The effects of racism on the familial relationship between husbands and wives in black families are seen
in the novels of Walker. The intimacy between the husband and wife in many novels become
questionable due to penetrations of the racial tensions into the black families, the lives and relationship
of characters of walker like Grange-Margaret, Brownfield-Mem, Celie-Albert and Sophia-Harpo, are
directly or indirectly influenced by the racial tensions present in the outer society which extends as
violence into the family, which in turn affects their children.

In Walker's The Third Life of Grange Copeland and The Color Purple, Josie and Celie are respectively
raped by their fathers. She also describes the suspended state of suppressed black women in her novels
who are placed in an idle state to obey every one, their moments being dictated by the man and the
society. In a post slavery, the men of colour have found some new freedom but they deny this freedom
to women. In The Third Life of Grange Copeland, Walker's real narratives revolve around women and
their battle against sexism. She reveals specifically the stress of racism on black men and its greater
effects on black women. The characters Ruth, Margaret, Mem and Josie indicate a weaker sex in the
society. Thus the entire women exist below both the white men and her fellow black men.

When the black man feels that he is powerless, he acqires some form of power by suppressing his
females. The rational Character Mem represents the entire black women, who is a potential treat to her
fellow black man because of her great knowledge. The other characters like Margaret was loyal to her
husband Grange until she could no longer bear his physical abuse. She is ultimately destroyed by the
assault of neglect from her husband, with no other alternative, becomes a whore. In a world that is
unable to understand the core issues of the problems for women, the characters like Shug Avery, Celie,
Sophia, Squeak, Margaret, Mem, Josie,etc., of Walker are understand literary characters that express
the problems. They play of a mule that is loaded with the loads of the male like his frustration, fear,
worthlessness, rage, etc. Walker follow their styles to support or accuse women's victimhood in the
male chauvinistic society.
This dissertation is divided into six chapters.

Chapter one, "Introduction", explain briefly the theme and the point of view of the study. The theme
and the point of view of the study. The two terms racism and sexism are defined. The significance and
methodology of the study are explained. Then a summary of the chapters is given.

In the second chapter, a biographical sketch of Alice Walker and her contribution to the Afro-American
literature are discussed.

In the third chapter, the terms of racism, sexism, Afro-American literature, Afro-American feminism,
Black feminism, Black feminist literature are explained.

In the fourth chapter, black male characters violence as a response to frustration in the novel The Third
Life of Grange Copeland are analysed.

In the fifth chapter, racism and sexism depicted in the novel The Colour Purple are analysed.

chapter six is a conclusive summing up of the dissertation. At the end, gives some recommendations
which will be helpful for further research.