FRONT COVER PHOTO CAPTIONS:

TOP: St. Francis Indian School seventh grade students won the Lakota Nation Invita-
tional Ingaural Spelling Bee. Pictured are (L-R) Charles Arcoren, David Flying, Joe
Arcoren and Lavina Janis. Students with top-notch spelling skills are good readers.
Spelling is also a pre-requisite to a good writer. Congratulations to the SFIS Spelling
Team! Photo from Facebook.
BOTTOM: The Todd County Lady Falcons Girls Basketball team brought home the
2018 Lakota Nation Invitational Championship Trophy.

Front Inside Cover…..Table of Contents

Page 1…………………….Tribal Council Honors Long Time Health Care Providers

Page 2…………………….Rosebud Sioux Tribe Update on the Tribal Law and Order Act, and VAWA Tribal Law Changes

Page 3 ……………………Update from President Rodney M. Bordeaux

Pages 4-6 ……………….President Bordeaux gives State of Tribes Address to SD Governor, Legislators
Page 7………..……….….DRUGS AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES, RST Ordinance No. 2019-19
Page 8-9…………..….….Images from the 2018 Lakota Nation Invitational
Page 10…………….…….REDCO Update
Page 11…………………..High Tunnel Construction at Keya Wakpala Community Garden
Page 12…………………..Rodeo Bullfighter Cooper Waln Honored by Rosebud Sioux Tribe
Page 13…………….…….Rosebud Sioux Tribe Christmas Events
Page 14…………………..Rosebud Hosts 2018 GPIRA Region Rodeo of the Year
Page 15…………...……..Rosebud Sioux Tribal Council Meets With Area Students
Page 16…………...……..Rosebud’s Christmas Trees
Page 17……………..…...Commodity Food Service Announcement

Dion Reynolds, IT Director Vi Waln, Editor

All material printed in this publication is copyrighted and may not be reproduced in print or by electronic
means without prior permission from the Rosebud Sioux Tribe. The Sicangu Eyapaha Newspaper, found-
ed in 2007, is exclusively published 12 months of the year by the Rosebud Sioux Tribe, 2413 Circle Drive,
Rosebud, SD 57570. Advertising is welcome and subject to review. Call 605-747-5755 to place an ad. Ad-
vertising rates subject to change without notice. Deadline is 5pm on 3rd Friday of each month. Postage
Paid at Rosebud, SD 57570. POSTMASTER: send address change to: Sicangu Eyapaha, PO Box 228, Rose-
bud SD 57570. Lila Wopila Tanka.
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 1

ROSEBUD RESERVATION –
The Tribal Council honored two
local women for their years of
health care service to the Sicangu
Lakota Oyate while employed at
the Rosebud Hospital.
Bernadine Waln and Ruth
Thomas recently retired from the
Indian Health Service. Tribal offi-
cials honored them both during an
informal meeting last month by
presenting each with a plaque, star
quilt and necklace.
Mrs. Waln is an enrolled citizen
of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe. She
worked for at least 35 years as a
specialist in the Behavior Health
department. Bernie served many
people of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
during her time at IHS. Her exper-
tise in her field will be missed by
many tribal citizens.
Ms. Thomas is a licensed Physi-
cian’s Assistant who served the
people of Rosebud for 25 years.
She is known by many as Dr.
Ruth. She established a vital ser-
vice in the outpatient clinic by set-
ting aside one day a week to pro-
vide tribal citizens aged 60 years
and over with ample time for elder
-exclusive appointments. She’s
provided medical care to countless
cancer patients during her tenure
at the hospital. Dr. Ruth is a trust-
ed health care provider who will
be missed by many on Rosebud.
A meal was served in honor of
Bernie and Ruth following the
honoring. Guests enjoyed soup,
frybread, wojapi and soft drinks.
Several cakes were also served in
their honor. The honoring was
sponsored by the Rosebud Sioux
Tribe.
Sicangu Eyapaha
Beginning in October of 2018, the
Tribe hired a Legal Analyst/
Coordinator, Janet Routzen, to
spearhead the changes that need to
be made to the Tribe’s Current
Law and Order Code. New laws
are need to allow for enhanced
sentencing for people who commit
felonies in our communities under
the Tribal Law and Order Act
(TOLA). The Tribal Council also
decided to adopt Violence Against
Women Act, (VAWA) which will
allow the Tribe to arrest and
charge Non-Indians with domestic
violence.
Our current laws on domestic vio-
lence were adopted by the Tribe in
1989, Viola Burnette and Tillie
Black Bear were successful in
drafting and passing this legisla-
tion. Under VAWA a Non-Indian
can be charged with domestic vio-
lence only, and there are certain
criteria that needs to be established
before someone can be charged.
Pat Donavan, attorney and current
RST Supreme Court Justice draft-
ed the first legislation, but there
are still many hills to climb and
challenges to making this new law
part of our legal landscape. In or-
der for a Non-Indian to be charged
with Domestic Violence they
must: (1) Reside within the territo-
rial jurisdiction of the Rosebud
Sioux Tribe; or (2) be employed
within the territorial jurisdiction of
the Rosebud Sioux Tribe; or (3) Is
a spouse, intimate partner, or da-
ting partner of (a) A member of
the Rosebud Sioux Tribe; or
December 2018—January 2019
(b) An Indian who resides within
the territorial jurisdiction of the
Rosebud Sioux Tribe.
VAWA and TOLA also requires
that: the defendant has a right to a
law trained defense attorney, right
to a trial that is presided over by a
legally trained and licensed judge,
and is protected by rights as set
out in the United States constitu-
tion and the Indian Civil Rights
Act, including a Jury of their
peers, meaning that the Tribe has
to change its laws to allow non-
Indians to be selected for a jury.
Before 2010, Tribes were only al-
lowed by federal law to sentence
those who committed felony
crimes within its jurisdiction up to
one (1) year and up to a $5000
dollar fine. The Tribal Law and
Order Act (TOLA) changes now
allows Tribe’s to sentence those
who commit felonies up to three
(3) years incarceration and up to a
$15,000 dollar fine. There is a
possibility for those who commit
multiple felonies to receive a sen-
tence to up to nine (9) years in our
tribal jail.
The big question is: What current
felonies that the Tribe has should
be considered for the three-year
sentencing?
Ms. Routzen has been meeting
with tribal attorneys, prosecutors,
court staff, police officers and the
public to come up with a consen-
sus about which crimes should
have this maximum penalty.
There are also changes that need
to be made to some of the outdated
Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 2
laws and some inclusions of new
laws such as dating violence and
human trafficking.
Then it’s up to the Tribal Council
to vote and amend our Tribal Law
and Order Act, there has to be at
least fifteen (15) Tribal Council
representatives present at a meet-
ing in order to pass these major
changes. In addition, two different
readings are required, and then the
law has to be published in a public
place. This is not a simple process
and it shouldn’t be. This requires
community conversations and dis-
cussions.
Janet Routzen is requesting the
public to please invite her to any
of your community meetings,
committee meetings so that she
can hear what the public has to say
about changes. Please also look
for announcements as Janet
Routzen and the JAG team at
Todd County High School plan to
do some public comment events in
the near future. Janet can be
reached at (605) 747-2278
To support this effort, the Rosebud
Sioux Tribe received a grant for
$450,000 from the Office on Vio-
lence Against Women, to be used
for the next three years to make
the necessary changes to the law,
hiring of judges, defense attor-
neys, prosecutors, assist for costs
for the Adult Correction Facility,
assist WBCWS in helping victims
and educate the community on the
changes in the law.
Sicangu Eyapaha
As we begin the New Year, I want to
wish everyone the best in the coming
year. I pray for your health and for a
great year. This past year is gone and it is
time to look forward to creating a better
year not only for yourselves but for the
well being of the Tribe. I ask that you
look forward and really consider contrib-
uting to the overall development of the
Tribe. How can we all impact and give
back to the Tribe in a positive way so that
we can continue to begin a rebuilding of
our government to make it more effective
in meeting the needs of our people. We
have no choice but to make our Tribe a
stronger and more effective government.
We all have a commitment to make this
happen. As President John F. Kennedy
said, “Ask not what your country can do
for you but ask what you can do for your
country.” We all need to do this in ser-
vice to our Tribe!
I begin this new year with a change in
my staff. I had a turnover in four staff
members that I believe had to happen.
This turnover was a result of either resig-
nations or not being a fit to my plan to
move forward. I want to thank them for
their service and I wish them the best in
their future endeavors. I have hired Toki-
ya Kills In Sight as a receptionist and
social media person. He comes with ex-
perience in social media and a positive
outlook. I will be reorganizing my office
to be more effective in meeting the issues
raised in my platform that I campaigned
on, but also to create a more effective and
responsive office. I will update and pro-
vide more information in the next issue.
As you all know the federal govern-
ment had a partial shutdown since mid-
December. This was due to President
Trump and the Congress not reaching an
agreement on the fiscal year 2019 federal
budget over the building of a wall on the
Mexican border. As a result of the im-
passe, our two major funding sources for
our governmental operations, the Bureau
of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health
Service were not funded, we are on some
very tight budget restrictions. The fund-
ing from those two agencies ceased on
December 21 and there doesn’t seem to
be an immediate end in sight to this im-
passe. 75 percent of our budget comes
December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 3
from the federal government!
On January 10, I gave the fourth State
of Tribal Affairs speech before the SD
Legislature. This address laid out the
state of Tribal Affairs in the state. This
was an opportune time not only to state
our needs but also to show our progress
as tribal governments. I talked about our
unemployment rate and the need for the
Tribes and state to work together to bring
jobs to the reservations. I touched on our
Health Care needs and for the state to
expand Medicate and to provide the re-
sources and support needed to meet our
health care needs. In addition, I spoke on
Education, Economic Development, Land
use and restoration, Social Services, Trib- Rodney M. Bordeaux
al Courts, and our opposition to the Key- Office Hours: 9:30am-5pm
stone XL pipeline. I informed them of (605)-747-2381
our nation rebuilding efforts for a strong- Rosebud Sioux Tribe
er and more effective governments. A big
part of nation building is the need for
constitution reform where we develop our Senate and we have an opportunity to
own constitution. This was an opportuni- hopefully utilize his authority to end the
ty to extend our hand to the state and to shutdown. We need to get along with him
leave the message that we want to work and with that we will be in a better posi-
together for our development as stronger tion to meet our needs such as funding
governments. for our programs and expand our pres-
The State of Tribal Affairs was started ence so that we can become more effec-
under Governor Daugaard’s administra- tive. On the same day we will be meeting
tion with Secretary of Tribal Relations with Senator Mike Rounds and Congress-
Steve Emery inviting Tribal Presidents man Dusty Johnson. Senator Rounds is
starting with Chairman Harold Frazier, an advocate in addressing the inadequate
Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe in 2016, health care of the Indian Health Service.
Chairman Robert Flying Hawk Yankton Congressman Johnson is new and we just
Sioux Tribe in 2017 and in 2018 Chair- have to see how we can work with him.
man Boyd Gourneau, Lower Brule Sioux We have other meetings scheduled for
Tribe. This is a great opportunity for Thursday. Look for my report on this trip
Tribes to inform the Legislature of what’s in the next issue.
going on in Indian Country. Our new My entire speech to the joint session of
Governor Kristi Noem, continued this the SD Legislature is in this issue. Please
opportunity with my address. Outgoing enjoy!
Tribal Affairs Secretary initially reached
out to invite me and new Secretary David
Flute extended the opportunity as well.
Secretary Flute is the former Chairman of
the Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate. This is an
opportunity that we do not want to pass
up on, even though at times relations with
the State have not been that good. This is
a great opportunity to build upon our
relations with the State.
I will be joining members of the Coun-
cil in meeting with our SD Congressional
delegation. Our first meeting is with Sen-
ator Thune on Wednesday, January 16.
He is the third ranking member of the US
Sicangu Eyapaha
Hau Mitakuyepi. Iyuha cante waste nape ciyu-
zapo. Rodney Bordeaux emaciyapi, na
Sicangu Lakota Oyate Itacan hemaca.
Hello relatives. I greet you all with a good
heart. My name is Rodney Bordeaux and I am
the President of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
Good afternoon. I thank you for that kind intro-
duction. I would like to thank Governor Noem
and Lt. Governor Rhoden for the honor of
addressing this distinguished body today.
Before I go any further, I want to acknowledge
my friends and relatives from the other tribes
here today—
I want to acknowledge the truly historic nature
of Governor Noem’s election. I along with
many other South Dakotans watched as she
took the oath of office and delivered her inau-
guration speech. I was struck by what she
said about wanting to be the governor for the
next generation. One of the things that we
tribal leaders are charged with is making deci-
sions for the betterment of the next 7 genera-
tions for our people. I guess that makes us
Lakota “big picture” people.
Treaties: Those who are avid students of our
State’s history would know that we comprise
the Oceti Sakowin, what many call the Great
Sioux Nation. Some of you may know that we,
the Oceti Sakowin, have a distinctive political
legal status. This status is based on our inher-
ent sovereignty. We were here in South Dako-
ta and surrounding region for thousands of
years, we have a relationship with the United
States Government.
That relationship requires inter-governmental
consultation on a government-to-government,
and nation-to-nation basis, and in South Dako-
ta as separate sovereign nations. So, if South
Dakota wants better relations with tribal gov-
ernments South Dakota must honor and re-
spect the treaties that were made with us.
The list of treaties in the jurisprudence of this
country are many.
The US Constitution acknowledges tribal sov-
ereignty in the commerce clause by charging
the US Congress with the responsibility to
regulate trade with Indian Tribes. The Indian
Commerce Clause by its own terms acknowl-
edges tribes as sovereigns. In honor of the
children who may be watching this speech on
South Dakota Public Broadcasting, I would
urge everyone to look up the “Marshall Trilo-
gy.” It is also important to remember that part
of Article Six of the U.S. Constitution where is
declares that “This Constitution, and the Laws
of the United States which shall be made in
Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or
December 2018—January 2019
which shall be made, under the Authority of
the United States, shall be the supreme Law
of the Land; and the Judges in every State
shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Con-
stitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary
notwithstanding.” Education is important.
Knowing where you have been helps to illumi-
nate the future.
As many of you know, this is the 4th State of
the Tribes speech. I watched each of the last
three speeches to review where we are and
where we have been in the recent past. Some
of the challenges that have been facing Indian
Country the last several years still plague us
to this day. Racism is still present and we
read about the incidents in the newspaper and
on social media.
Mental Health & Suicide: It is really tough for
our children to grow up in a world where their
most embarrassing moments and their biggest
failures are all there for the world to see on
Facebook. Cyberbullying is one of the unfortu-
nate byproducts of Facebook. This has con-
tributed in some part to the rising rate of sui-
cides in our communities. I want to interrupt
my speech for a moment of silence for those
relatives we have lost to suicide. (Wait a few
moments, then continue)
We also suffer from a lack of mental health
resources. At our Indian Health Service facility
in Rosebud, we have one psychologist for a
reservation of 27,000 tribal members. To put
that into context, this would be the equivalent
of 8 psychologists to serve Sioux Falls. Local
counseling services in Mission and in nearby
Winner often have significant backlogs as to
when appointments and assessments can be
scheduled. We have programs such as Tiwa-
he Glu Kini Pi (Bringing the family back to life),
Tokala Inajinyo and the St. Francis Mission
Suicide Hotline. These programs do innova-
tive things like equine therapy, mentorship and
some other counseling services.
Many of you are aware of the national suicide
hotline and perhaps even the state’s hotline. I
want to briefly share my experience as a vol-
unteer for the St. Francis Mission Suicide
Hotline. We have two cellphones that have a
local number and a volunteer would take the
phone for a week, or in my case, a weekend.
The understanding is that when that phone
rings, you drop whatever it is that you are
doing, no matter how important and answer
the call. Despite your training, when that
phone rings anyone gets a bit apprehensive.
You know that you are about to have a phone
conversation where one person is wanting to
Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 4
end their life. Think about the hopelessness
that someone calling you is feeling. For me
and many others, suicide prevention and men-
tal health services is personal.
I am certain that this deficiency is present on
all of our reservations. I would urge this body
to do what it can to foster partnerships with
rural health care and our reservations. We
have lobbied the Congress over the last sev-
eral years to get appropriations and grants for
mental health services. These calls have gone
unanswered as they are not considered budg-
et priorities for the Congress.
I would urge this body and the Governor to
make the availability of mental health re-
sources to those in rural South Dakota and on
reservations a priority. This would assist future
generations of South Dakotans. Partnerships
with health care systems like Avera and San-
ford could serve to help immediately improve
the prospects of those suffering from mental
illness. We are all South Dakotans and we
have a moral duty to take care of each other.
Methamphetamines & Opioids: The next chal-
lenge that is facing the Oceti Sakowin is the
methamphetamine and opioid epidemic. As
many in the room are aware, the epidemic is
depriving children of their parents, families of
their relatives, communities of their neighbors
and friends. We routinely have drug dealers
who are not from our reservations come onto
the reservation. They are doing our people a
great deal of harm.
We are working on implementation of the
Tribal Law and Order Act (TLOA) which will
allow tribal courts to do enhanced sentencing
a well as implementation of the Violence
Against Women’s Act (VAWA). Part of that
implementation will allow tribal courts to pros-
ecute non-Indians in Tribal courts for domestic
violence cases. We have the ability to do that.
We have learned through experience that
what happens in your communities affects our
communities and vice versa. Dealers with
legal issues in your cities often move their
business operations to our reservation com-
munities. We are taking steps to learn who
these people are. The Rosebud Sioux Tribe is
a recipient of the Tribal Access Program,
which will allow us to place conviction records
into the crime database which would assist all
of law enforcement in the state to understand
who they are dealing with. Admittedly, we are
still working on the details as to how these
convictions are handled and disseminated.
We need to engage with one another to talk
about agreements and ways that we can
Sicangu Eyapaha
STATE OF TRIBES Con’t from page 4—
address meth in the criminal context. We need
to work together to enhance tribal sovereignty
in these agreements. I invite the Governor and
the leaders of the South Dakota House and
the Senate to come to Rosebud where we can
talk about ways that we may be able to help
each other. I would go one step further and
suggest a government to government meth
and opioid summit where tribal leaders and
governmental leaders would interact.
We recognize that those suffering from meth-
amphetamine and opioid abuse need treat-
ment. We are raising our mandatory minimum
sentencing with the expectation that we can
get more of those who are suffering the treat-
ment that they require. We are providing inpa-
tient services while they are incarcerated in
our correctional facility. As part of that treat-
ment, we are offering spiritual healing as well.
Health Care: As you may know, one of the
items in the Ft. Laramie Treaty of 1868 was
that our people were to be provided with
health care. We do not believe that the federal
government is living up to this responsibility.
Much has been reported in the Sioux Falls
Argus Leader about the challenges with Indian
Health Service. It is disappointing that the
Argus Leader finds out before we are told.
Our hospitals are underfunded and under-
staffed. In fact, we are informed that our hos-
pital is funded at 1989 levels. Let that sink in,
1989! Before the Internet! We have no way to
get that reassessed or obtain recurring funds
for the hospital.
Due to this situation, our people are forced to
go to other hospitals and face the prospect of
financial ruin. Some are flown out and handed
a bill after the fact. Medical care is a treaty
right.
For this reason, I would like to move on to
discuss Medicaid expansion. Medicaid expan-
sion was one of those election issues national-
ly last Fall. In fact, in neighboring Nebraska,
they voted in Medicaid expansion because it
would bring in 11,000 jobs and generate $1.3
billion annually of new economic activity ac-
cording to a study that was commissioned by
the Nebraska Hospital Association. There, it
was estimated by the study that it would have
added 90,000 low-income citizens. In South
Dakota, it was estimated that about 44,000
new eligible patients would be added. This
would provide the means to access private
sector health care should they choose to.
It would assist in providing Indian Health Ser-
vice with additional revenue to provide more
access to care and services as well as supple-
mental funding for Patient Referred Care
(PRC) to further referrals to specialists. Right
December 2018—January 2019
now at Rosebud, only emergency cases are
approved due to significant budgeting short-
falls. The tragedy here is that This is made
worse when you consider the government
shutdown that we are currently navigating the
effects.
As I alluded to above, it would help South
Dakota. I’m informed that these would result in
a 90/10 split with the federal government cov-
ering 90% and the state covering 10% of the
costs.
This would allow for increased reimbursement
rates for ambulance transports and for behav-
ioral health transports. We understand that
hospitals have significant amounts of uncom-
pensated care. In 2011, it was $74 million. Of
that $74 million, $34 million was considered
charity care and the other $40 million was
classified as bad debt. I read recently that
Rapid City recently wrote off $1.7 million is
uncollectible ambulance bills. Medicaid expan-
sion would do much to lessen those losses.
The private sector would benefit from Medi-
caid expansion because timely payment would
be a quick result. Those small-town clinics
would benefit just as much as the big city
hospitals.
I urge this great body to take up Medicaid
expansion. It will cover more people and bring
jobs and other economic benefits to the state.
It has the added benefit of being the right thing
to do. If this body needs testimony from our
tribal members to share their stories and
demonstrate the need for Medicaid expansion,
please let us know. We are happy to help the
legislature help all of South Dakota.
Education: I mentioned earlier that we try to
consider the best interests of our tribes seven
generations into the future. Part of that analy-
sis leads us to education. In order for our
tribes and our state to thrive, we must ensure
that our children get the best education possi-
ble. We need to do better. Let me pass on
some statistics and then let me lend some
encouragement for our youth and hope for the
next several generations of South Dakotans.
Roughly 1 in 5 native students can read at
grade level.
On average, 290 children start high school,
120 of them graduate in 4 years. 30 of them
enroll in colleges and 20% graduate from
college with leaves us with 6 college gradu-
ates on average.
In the 2014 graduating class, the three high
schools generated 5 college graduates in
2018.
Statewide, more students in South Dakota are
taking Advance Placement tests and it dou-
bled from the prior year. Only 3% of American
Indian students had access to Advance Place-
Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 5
ment classes
While more of our kids are taking the ACT,
only 8% are scoring as college ready. There is
no need-based program in South Dakota that
we are aware of to assist our kids, our future
leaders.
We are not without hope in this area, our kids
are starting to dream big.
Rosebud Tribal Education Department, in a
partnership with Teach for America, complet-
ed a survey of our local high school students.
Among the findings were that 75% indicated
that they wanted to be in a four-year universi-
ty, tech school or tribal college after gradua-
tion. It was interesting for me to learn that a
four-year university away from home was by
far the most popular choice.
College enrollment is up. 25% more students
completed the FAFSA (Financial Aid Form) in
2017 than in 2016. This is supposed to be a
leading indicator for college attendance.
One area of success that we are proud of is
that Todd County Middle School, one of the
schools the state invested in through the Na-
tive Achievement School Grant, grew more in
literacy than 62% of schools in the United
States. At Todd County High School, students
grew more than 70% in ELA (English Lan-
guage Arts), more than 63% of students in
math.
There are some after school programs that
are working to help close the gap as well. One
such organization that is helping our youth is
the Boys & Girls Club of Rosebud. They have
obtained STEM (Science Technology Engi-
neering & Math) programming and are cur-
rently working with elementary and middle
school kids.
We hope that partnerships with Teach for
America, the South Dakota Board of Regents,
and South Dakota Jumpstart and the Ameri-
can Indian College Fund continue to work
together. We feel this is especially important
that local schools and organizations should
align their goals and work with the goals of our
tribal nations.
I would encourage members of the House and
the Senate to look at ways that we can help
those who show the drive and the ambition to
pursue a postsecondary education, whether it
be at a four-year college, a two-year college, a
technical school, or a tribal college. We would
urge this body, the South Dakota Board of
Regents, and other institutions of higher learn-
ing to do what it can to promote tuition waivers
for the children of the Oceti Sakowin. Please
do not be confused--we are not asking for a
handout, just an opportunity. We are not ask-
ing for welfare. We are hardworking people
who continuously pull ourselves up. (Con’t.)
Sicangu Eyapaha
STATE OF TRIBES Con’t from page 5—Like
everyone else, we want our kids to have a
better life than we ourselves have had.
Rosebud is open for business.
I want to take some time to point out some of
the other positive things that are happening
within the sovereign boundaries of the Rose-
bud Sioux Tribe.
We have some exciting work going on with our
economic development corporation, known as
REDCO. It serves as our business holding
company. It operates 14 subsidiaries that
does business locally, in other parts of the
state and nationally.
Our government contract division works close-
ly with the Department of Defense providing
manufacturing and construction services.
We’ve built armor for helicopters to protect our
troops and our construction division is our
fastest growing company.
REDCO has created approximately 50 new
jobs over the last several years. These are
well-paying jobs with health insurance, retire-
ment, and other benefits.
We’ve created a food sovereignty initiative to
help people eat healthier and begin growing
their food. We are promoting self-reliance.
This past Summer, we employed 18 tribal-
member interns to assist with this program. I
was proud that our tribal members were able
to come home for the summer and have work.
Legal Infrastructure: One of the most coveted
things for businesses that are looking to invest
is certainty. We recognize that some have a
skeptical view of tribal courts. I just want to
highlight the Rosebud Sioux Tribe’s legal com-
munity. We, like many others, have our own
bar association. The Sicangu Oyate Bar Asso-
ciation. It is one of the few tribal bar associa-
tions in the country that has its own bar exam.
This exam is given once a year. We have a
Board of Bar Commissioners who regulate the
practice of law at Rosebud. We are also fortu-
nate to have the Rosebud Supreme Court.
I want to publicly acknowledge our Chief
Judge Sherman Marshall, a fluent Lakota
speaker who is a USD Law grad and has been
on the bench for well over 30 years. He is also
licensed by the South Dakota Bar. We have 2
other judges who are also licensed by the
South Dakota bar, who have practiced law for
over 30 years. We have a magistrate judge
who also holds a Juris Doctor and has been
on the bench for several years.
We are moving toward adopting the Uniform
Commercial Code and placing the Code
online where anyone will be able to pull up the
law and move forward. We recognize that
many states have adopted the UCC and have
tweaked it to their own needs.
December 2018—January 2019
Taxing: One thing that business brings is tax
revenue. We have celebrated South Dakota’s
victory in the Wayfair decision of the Supreme
Court. Online retailers are now required to
collect the taxes for the state and remit those
payments. We agreed with the state that we
were missing out on substantial tax revenues
that were not being collected by companies
such as Wayfair. We invite our Governor and
this great body to continue negotiations with
the Rosebud Sioux Tribe as well as the other
tribes on a new tax compact that would ac-
count for these revenues. We understand that
some retailers have begun collecting the taxes
and remitting them to the State.
KXL: Finally, I want to address the one subject
that gives our people great anxiety. It is the
Keystone XL Pipeline and the prospect of all
that the project would bring. There are a great
many things that trouble us about this project.
Some of those concerns are rooted in our
responsibility for caring for Unci Maka
“Grandmother Earth.” As you know, our natu-
ral resources are finite. Once they are gone
and depleted, they are gone.
Adding to that anxiety was the leak that hap-
pened in Marshall County, SD that spilled over
400,000 gallons of oil. This apparently cost
KXL nearly $10 million and they paid the
county $350,000. I submit to you that our nat-
ural resources are not for sale. KXL is sparing
no expense in donating to political campaigns
all along the route.
What is missing is an appreciation of the long-
term effects of an oil pipeline through our sa-
cred land. Landowners are being bought off
ostensibly for there to be a savings at the
pump.
We watched with some regret as this legisla-
ture passed SB 176 in March of 2017. We
have come to describe it as the anti-protest
law. This was presumably done in response to
the protests that were occurring at Standing
Rock. We believe that this was enacted with
an eye toward limiting our people and their
right to protest.
Please understand we would not be protesting
for our grandchildren, but we are looking out
for yours as well. We each have a responsibil-
ity to be stewards of the land and this project
has the capacity to destroy those precious
resources.
I have briefly mentioned the natural resources
concern that we have. The other major con-
cern that we have is a social concern. What
levels of crime will our people experience due
to these new arrivals outside of our communi-
ties? How many of these workers will have
substantial criminal records? In 2016, there
were 5,712 cases of missing indigenous wom-
Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 6
en reported to the National Crime Information
Center. We are fearful that these man camps
will have a negative impact on our community.
That matter is currently in litigation and there
is a court order in place halting the construc-
tion of the pipeline. Perhaps this is an oppor-
tunity for the State of South Dakota to be open
and transparent when implementing SB 176.
Again, we invite the Governor and the leader-
ship to an open discussion on this and other
matters.
Government Shutdown: As I stand here today,
the federal government’s shutdown continues
over the building of a wall. This shutdown is
having some really stark consequences for
our Tribes. A fair amount of our funding comes
from the federal government. This further
underscores our need as tribal people to be-
come self-sufficient and work to expand our
economic activities. I would urge the South
Dakota congressional delegation, Senator
Thune, Senator Rounds, and Congressman
Johnson to do what it can to end this shut-
down.
Nation Building: The Rosebud Sioux and oth-
ers among the Oceti Sakowin are in the pro-
cess of rebuilding their governmental struc-
tures. Strategic planning, including developing
vision and mission statements, as well as
constitutional reform is the process that ena-
bles the Tribes to engage their membership
governmental reform. Tribes are beginning to
review their current governmental structures,
which were developed from the Indian Reor-
ganization Act of 1934. The IRA governments
and constitutions were developed, through
limited input from tribal citizens, by the Bureau
of Indian Affairs. This structure was never
approved or even recognized by the traditional
people of pre-IRA era.
Other tribes throughout the United States
have been engaged in Nation Building and
have been very successful in their efforts to
reform their governments. As this process
gains traction, it has been viewed as a way
out of the IRA structure and to a more tradi-
tional form that was used prior to the reserva-
tion system.
Land Restoration: Tribes are in the process of
regaining their lands lost to the General Allot-
ment Act of 1887 and the settlement acts of
the early 1900’s, where reservation lands
were allotted to individual tribal members and
the excess lands opened up to settlement by
non-Indians. These acts were passed by Con-
gress and were not approved by the affected
tribes. Tribal governments at the time were
nonexistent and tribal citizens had little or no
political clout.
Con’t on Page 7
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 7

AMENDMENT TO THE ROSEBUD SIOUX TRIBE LAW AND ORDER CODE

TITLE FIVE, CHAPTER 28
ENACTED AS ORDINANCE NO. 2019-19
The Rosebud Sioux Tribe Law and Order Code Title Five Chapter Twenty-eight, shall be amended to add the
following provision:
CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT—DRUGS AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
5-28-17. PENALTIES
The purpose of this ordinance is curtail and eliminate the harmful effect of controlled substances such as meth-
amphetamines, opioids and others on our families and our people.

A person convicted of a first offense of 5-28-10 (“Distribution”) shall be imprisoned for a term of not less than
one hundred twenty (120) days up to and including the maximum penalty and may be fined an amount not to
exceed $2500.00. The court shall require the completion of an alcohol and drug assessment and the defendant
shall follow and complete the recommendations of the assessment.

A person convicted of a second or subsequent offense of 5-28-10 (“Distribution”) shall be imprisoned for a
term of not less than two hundred and forty (240) days not more than 365 days, and may be fined in an amount
not to exceed $5,000.00. The court shall require the completion of an alcohol and drug assessment and the de-
fendant shall follow and complete the recommendations of the assessment.

A person convicted of a first offense of 5-28-11 (“Possession”) shall be imprisoned for a term of not less than
sixty days (60) days up to and including the maximum penalty and may be fined an amount not to exceed
$1000.00. The court shall require the completion of an alcohol and drug assessment and the defendant shall
follow and complete the recommendations of the assessment.

A person convicted of a second offense of 5-28-11 (“Possession”) shall be imprisoned for a term of not less
than one hundred twenty (120) days up to and including the maximum penalty and may be fined an amount
not to exceed $2,500.00. The court shall require the completion of an alcohol and drug assessment and the de-
fendant shall follow and complete the recommendations of the assessment.

A person convicted of a third or subsequent offense of 5-28-11 (“Possession”) shall be imprisoned for a term
of not less than two hundred forty (240) days up to and including the maximum penalty and may be fined an
amount not to exceed $5,000.00. The court shall require the completion of an alcohol and drug assessment
and the defendant shall follow and complete the recommendations of the assessment.

STATE OF TRIBES Con’t from page 6—.
For the Rosebud Reservation, in 1889 3.2
million acres of land comprised our reserva-
tion and by 1934 we lost 2.3 million acres!
As a result of this huge loss of land, the Rose-
bud Sioux Tribe founded the Tribal Land En-
terprise in 1944. The initial purpose of TLE
was to purchase the fractionated interests of
individual tribal members to stop the sale to
non-Indians. As a result, the huge land loss
was stopped somewhat. The TLE later began
to purchase tracts of former reservations lands
for sale by the non-Indians. This purchase of
our former lands will continue in order to try to
restore as much of what we lost. This will be
an ongoing effort, well into the next genera-
tions.
Conclusion: I would like to once again extend
my thanks to all of you. It is my belief that
great nations, like great men and women,
must honor their word. The Ft. Laramie Treaty
of 1868 is a great place for us to begin think-
ing about how we can work together, as one
human to another, to make a better world for
our children and grandchildren. It is our sin-
cere hope that the State of South Dakota and
its leadership look to not just tomorrow or the
next election but several generations down the
road. What sort of world would we want our
great-great grandchildren to inherit from us?
Will it be one of mutual respect and under-
standing? Will our cultural and natural re-
sources be intact and protected? Everyone in
this room has a stake in what that looks like.
We all cherish our children’s futures and their
children.
Let the path to understanding and partnership
begin today.
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 8
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 9
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 10

Happy holidays and new year! As the year comes

to a close, we want to take time to reflect on our re-
cent accomplishments and look ahead to the New
Year.
REDCO held the 1st Annual Social-Emotional
Intelligence Training in Rapid City during the 2018
Lakota Nation Invitational. Over twenty participants
from ten different organizations attended the profes-
sional development opportunity, which focused on
building a positive workplace culture, communi-
cating effectively, and managing stress. The three-
day training was facilitated by REDCO’s own So-
cial-Emotional Intelligence team, who used a Lakota
framework to help foster learning and engagement.
We are excited by the momentum that this training
created and cannot wait to see what comes next.
Arrow Financial Service, a subsidiary of REDCO,
also created in the 1st Annual Lakota Nation Invita-
tional Educational Grant for high school seniors.
The four $1000 educational grants were available to
any high school senior enrolled at a school that par-
ticipated in LNI. This is the second educational
grant opportunity that REDCO has offered this year.
The first grant opportunity was open to Rosebud
Sioux Tribe enrolled first-year college students. As
REDCO’s profit increases, the opportunity for com-
munity impact grows. Both grant opportunities en-
sure our future by investing in the youth.
Finally, our local markets division comprised of
Rosebud Office Solutions and Sicangu Propane em-
braced the season of giving by hosting raffles during
the month of December. Rosebud Office Solutions
sponsored a Winter Wonderland Raffle during the
week of December 17, where customers were en-
tered to win one of five prizes for each purchase of
$100 or more. Sicangu Propane also gave away 100
gallons of propane to one lucky winner enrolled in
the company’s text message system on December
21. Text “propane” to 77948 to be entered in future
Sicangu Propane raffles. You can also stay up to
date on all REDCO happenings by following us on
Facebook (@REDCO2017).
As we reflect on this year and look forward to
2019, we are overcome with gratitude. Thank you
for supporting us as we strive to create a sustainable
Lakota economy. We are honored to do the work we
do and look forward to the future.
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 11

We've been working hard on

building the high tunnel up in the
Keya Wakpala Garden, but that
does lead to the question: what is a
high tunnel?
We're glad you asked! A few high-
lights about high tunnels, and why
we got one:
1. High tunnels are unheated (or
minimally heated) plastic covered
structures.
2. They're usually ventilated by
rolling the sides up and down, either
by hand or by an electric motor.
3. They trap solar energy from the
sun, protecting crops from cold tem-
peratures and frost.
4. High tunnels extend the growing
season, and will allow us to plant
earlier in the spring and continue
growing later in the fall.
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 12

Cooper Waln, 31
grew up on his
family’s ranch in
He Dog communi-
ty. He grew up
rodeoing from the
time he was born
until 2011. His
parents, the late Jeff
Waln & Janelle,
owned and operated
a family rodeo
stock contracting
business, up until
Jeff’s passing in
2009. After his
dad’s passing the
family decided to
sell the rodeo string
and focus on the
ranch. Cooper is a
full-time rancher in
He Dog.

PBR Velocity Finals Bullfighter. When Cooper’s not fighting bulls,

At age 12, Cooper picked up his
first bucking horse and at the age
of 15, the bullfighter didn’t show
up to one of his Dad’s rodeos, so
his Dad told Cooper “get out
there” and he’s been hooked ever
since! As he worked his way up
fighting bulls, he added many
more accomplishments behind his
name.
Including: 2007-2009 SDRA Fi-
nals Bullfighter; 2010-2011
NCRA Finals Bullfighter; Indian
National Finals Bullfighter (five
times); 2011 North Texas State
Fair Cowboy Protection Champion
& MVP; 2011 Black Hills Stock
Show & Rodeo Freestyle Champi-
on; 2013-2015 Badlands Circuit
Finals Bullfighter; Numerous:
PBR Built Tough & Unleash the
Best Tour Rodeo and two-time
Cooper’s Dad, Jeff had a big influ-
ence on him, being his biggest
idol. He taught him a lot about ro-
deo and how to read livestock. Jeff
was also a bullfighter when he was
younger, but his career was cut
short when he had a bull hit him,
shattering his hip in his 20’s, caus-
ing him to retire.
Cooper says “most of the bull rid-
ers are like brothers to him, I do it
for them. I take pride in being safe
and healthy to keep going down
the road. Without them, I don’t
have a job.” He lives to fight bulls
and knows God gave him a talent
that he can’t let go to waste while
he’s young, because it’s not a ca-
reer that lasts forever. He says
“When the day is over, hard work,
and efforts pay off.”
you will find him home on the
ranch, riding colts, tending to
cows, and doing daily chores with
his wife Candace, she is his big-
gest supporter and fan. When
Cooper is on the road, she holds
the ranch down so he is able to
chase his dream.
Coopers future career goals are to
continue to fight bulls, ranch, stay
healthy, and fight in the PBR
World Finals.
A word of advice Cooper would
like to give those going down the
road is “follow your dreams, God
laid a special something in every
one of us, it might take you a day
or your whole life to find it, but
never give up, because he does
have plan for all of us.”
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 13

During the month in Mission, were sorted by age and gender according
of December, the to community lists. Once the gifts were sorted, they
Rosebud Sioux were placed in bags with wrapping paper and deliv-
Tribe was busy ered to the community presidents for distribution.
preparing for the Children under the age of 18 as well as elders, were
Christmas Holiday. all provided with one or more gifts.
On December 8, several tribal officials hosted a give- On December 21, the Rosebud Sioux Tribe held their
away of toys, coats and other items for tribal citizens annual employee Christmas dinner. A very delicious
at the St. Francis Indian School. People stood in line meal of soup, frybread, salads, fruits, candy and pea-
for several hours to receive their gifts. The gifts were nuts were available for all. Each attendee received a
donated by the Hands to Heart Foundation, an organi- small gift from the Rosebud Sioux Tribe and several
zation out of Kansas that organizes a yearly giveaway door prizes were won by people who were at the din-
for disadvantaged children. Many of the out-of-town ner.
volunteers were members of a motorcycle club. Santa
Claus and Mrs. Santa Claus were also on hand to
pass out candy canes to children and pose for photo
ops.
Several people also coordinated the delivery of
Christmas gifts to each of the twenty communities on
the Rosebud Reservation. The tribal council cham-
bers served as the headquarters for this effort. The
many gifts, provided by the Tree of Life organization

When EPP (Emergency Preparedness Program) is activated by the RST

President due to weather, etc., a mass text message is initially sent to the
council reps and community presidents. Information is also shared with
KOYA radio to provide all the contact information for the public. (i.e.
command post (ICP) location and telephone number). On social media
announcements will be posted on the official Rosebud Sioux Tribe Com-
munications Facebook page and can be shared with the general public.
Sicangu Eyapaha
ROSEBUD RESERVATION
The Rodeo held at the 2018
Rosebud Fair was named the
GPIRA (Great Plains Indian Ro-
deo Association) Region Rodeo
of the Year. Appreciation goes
out to Kelly Lafferty, Mary
Scott, Ed Harrison, Alec Whip-
ple and Joe Waln for their hard
work in helping to provide a
successful show. Kelly and
Mary were timers, Ed was the
secretary, Alec was the announc-
er, Joe provided the rodeo
stock.
Jason Dent did an excellent
job entertaining everyone during
the weekend. Todd Buffalo and
Marty Jandreau also worked
hard as judges for the rodeo
events. Troy Heinert, TJ Heinert,
Jesse Wilson and Joe Ross did a
great job during all rodeo ses-
sions as the pickup men.
The Rosebud Sioux Tribe
thanks the Great Plains Indian
Rodeo Association, Gena Hei-
November-December 2018
nert, Willard Henry Sr., George
Guerue from Road Department,
Robert Long from Sand & Grav-
el Program and the BIA Fire De-
partment for preparing the rodeo
grounds. Thanks also go out to
Darrell Scott for making sure the
power was on during the week-
end. We also have to thank King
Construction for stabilizing the
grand stand.
SNETP (Sicangu Nation Em-
ployment & Training Program)
and REDCO (Rosebud Econom-
ic Development Company) did
an awesome job upgrading the
rodeo crow’s nest.
Special acknowledgement
goes out to RST Finance staff
Hope Reynolds, Cecily
Vanderwalker, Muriel Fast
Horse and Mary Standing Elk
spent long hours taking gate ad-
mission. Tammy Young of Solid
Waste did a great job keeping
the entire fairgrounds clean. See
you in August!
Volume 11—Issue 15—Page 14
The 143rd Annual Rosebud Celebration will
be held on August 22, 23, 24 and 25, 2019.
The Rosebud Sioux Tribe is now preparing
for our 143 Annual Rosebud Fair & Wacipi in
Rosebud SD.
The fair includes Wacipi, Adult and Youth
Rodeo, and Special Events that include Men’s
Fast Pitch Tournament, Women’s Softball
Tournament, Little League Tournament, T-
Ball Tournament, Mud Races, Youth Day and
Wacipi, Carnival,
Road Run, Parade and other events.
The Rosebud Sioux Tribe is seeking In
Memory Of Donations for the 143 Annual
Rosebud Fair & Wacipi Celebration and is
asking for your support. You can do an In
Memory Of to any of the events that are listed
above. We would need to know what you are
donating too and the amount you plan to give
or the award you will sponsor.
If you plan to do In Memory Of, please con-
tact Danielle Burnette as soon as possible.
The money would have to be handed into
finance by July 31, 2019 just to make sure
Rosebud Sioux Tribe knows we have that
funding covered for the event.
If your family is planning to have a special
at the Wacipi, please contact Danielle. We
will need to know how many specials we will
be having at the Wacipi to plan ahead for
everyone. We are no longer having specials
during the Wacipi and we plan to do these
before the grand entry or during supper break.
We are planning to get the poster for the
Wacipi done by the end of January 2019. If
you want your special on the Wacipi poster
we need to know
before the end of December 2018.
For many years the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
has financed the entire celebration held in
August. The money spent annually on the fair
could be allocated for other needs, such as
propane, wood or electricity.
This annual celebration belongs to everyone
that lives on the Rosebud Sioux Reservation
and we humbly ask for all our tribal citizens,
along with other interested people, to support
and
contribute to our annual celebration.
If you have any questions, please contact
Danielle Burnette, RST Fair Manager at (605)
747-2381 ext. 380.
You can also contact her through email at
danielle.burnette@rst-nsn.gov
Visit
http://www.rosebudfair.com/
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 15

On November 29, 2018 the Rosebud Sioux Tribal Council

convened a special meeting in the high school gymnasium at
St. Francis Indian School. This historic, first of its kind meet-
ing, was held at the request of the students. Panelists em-
ployed in tribal programs spoke about what is available to the
youth of the Rosebud. Council members spoke about their
hopes for the Sicangu Lakota young people. The students
were allowed to ask questions of the panel. Topics discussed
included employment for the youth, as well as life skills and
everyday activities.
The student council was very engaged and they asked some
tough questions. Todd County High School sent three of their
student council members and both councils joined together to
question all elected representatives, as well as tribal program
staff. The agenda included; youth affairs and employment,
Public Safety, Suicide Prevention and Bullying, Education,
Traditional Government, Language and Culture and Treaties.
One student asked “why is there nothing to do around here?
What is your plan to make this a better place for the youth and
for the future?”
“We have some things in the works. We need to you to gradu-
ate, we need you to get a college degree in business admin-
istration and come back to run tribal businesses. Get educated,
learn the skills and take those positions of leadership,” Wizi-
pan Little Elk, REDCO CEO, told the students.
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 16
Sicangu Eyapaha December 2018—January 2019 Volume 11—Issue 16—Page 17