Fayoum University Hydraulics: MPE 412

Faculty of Engineering
Fourth year Mechanical Engineering
Sheet [1] Introduction.
Department 2018-2019

(1) Compare between the hydraulic and pneumatic power

(2) The inlet to a hydraulic pump is 0.6 m below the top surface of oil
reservoir. If the specific gravity of the oil used is 0.86, determine the
static pressure at the pump inlet.

(3) Calculate the pipe bores required for the suction and pressure lines of
a pump delivering 40 l/min using a maximum flow velocity in the suction
line of 1.2 m/sec, and a maximum flow velocity in the pressure line of 3.5
m/sec.

(4) A hydraulic pump delivers 12 liters of fluid per minute against a

pressure of 200 bar.

 Calculate the hydraulic power

 If the overall pump efficiency is 60%, what is the size electric
motor would be needed to drive the pump?

(5) Answer with drawing;

 Pilot – operated check valve

 Hydraulic pump , unidirectional , fixed displacement with ICE
drive unit
 Two – port, two – position valve normally closed by spring
solenoid operated to open
 Non- bypassing filter

(6) As shown in fig (1), describe each hydraulic symbol;

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(7) As shown in fig (2), by using the hydraulic symbols simplify the
sectional drawing (machine sketch) through the circuit diagram

Fig(2)
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(8) In problem (7), a modification is needed to influence the speed of the
load movement. Draw the new circuit diagram after modification.

Dr. Ahmed M. Elsayed

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Fayoum University Hydraulics: MPE 412
Faculty of Engineering
Fourth year Mechanical Engineering
Sheet [2] Pumps.
Department 2018-2019

(1) Find the amount of force necessary to move 7000 kg from a standing
stop up an incline of 15°, as shown in fig (1). The coefficient of
friction is 0.04

(2) What is the specific weight of a quart of hydraulic oil weighing 1.5 kg
and occupying a volume of 57.8 cm³

(3) A pump having a displacement of 14 cm³/rev is driven at 1440

rev/min and operates against a maximum pressure of 150 bar. The
volumetric efficiency is 0.90 and the overall efficiency is 0.85, calculate;

 The pump delivery in liters per minute

 The input power required at the pump shaft in kw
 The drive torque at pump shaft

(4) A positive displacement pump with a delivery of 1 l/min is fed into a

pipe with a total volume of 1 liter. If the end of the pipe is suddenly
blocked, calculate the rise in the pressure after 1 sec.

(5) What is the volumetric efficiency of a pump that displaced 20 cm³ of

fluid per revolution if the actual delivery is 15 l/min at 1800 rpm?

(6) What are the two main classes of pumps?

(7) List the important considerations in the selection of a pump for any
given application.

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(8) What are the methods of control systems in the variable –
displacement piston pump? Answer with drawing the hydraulic symbol
for each method.

(9) Classify the different types of maintenance?

Dr. Ahmed M. Elsayed

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Fayoum University Hydraulics: MPE 412
Faculty of Engineering
Fourth year Mechanical Engineering
Sheet [3] Actuators.
Department 2018-2019

(1) Describe and classify the hydraulic motors. Answer with drawing

(2) Describe and classify the hydraulic cylinder. Answer with drawing

(3) Describe and classify the semi-rotary actuators. Answer with drawing

(4) A displacement type cylinder has a rod of 65 mm diameter and is

powered by a hand pump with a displacement of 5 ml per double stroke.
The maximum operating pressure of the system is to be limited to 350
bar,

 Draw a suitable diagram showing the cylinder, pump and any

additional valves required.
 Calculate the number of double pumping strokes needed to extend
the cylinder rod by 50 mm.
 Calculate the maximum load which could be raised using this
system

(5) A three stage displacement type telescopic cylinder is used to tilt the
body of a lorry. When the lorry is fully laden the cylinder has to exert a
force equivalent to 4000 kg at all pints in its stroke. The outside
diameters of the tube forming the three stages are 60, 80 and 100 mm as
shown in fig. (1). if the pump powering the cylinder delivers 10 liters per
minute, calculate the extend speed and pressure required for each stage
of cylinder when tilting a fully laden lorry.

(6) A hydraulic cylinder has a bore of 200 mm and a piston rod diameter
of 140 mm. For an extend speed of 5 m/min, calculate:

 The supply flow rate (Qₑ)

 The flow rate from the annulus side n extend (qₑ)
 The retract speed using (Qₑ)
 The flow rate from the full bore end on retract (Qᵣ)

(7) If the max pressure applied the cylinder in the problem (5) is 100 bar,
calculate the dynamic extend thrust, and retract thrust.

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(8) As shown in fig. (2), make the essential modifications to achieve the
following requirements:

 Filtering system with by-pass

 Safety pressure valve (relief valve , pilot operated)
 Cooling for the hydraulic oil
 Keep the cooling and lubrication and the pilot for variable
displacement pump under control
 Keep the main flow under control to change the cylinder speed.

(9) Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram for the hydraulic sketch
(Sweeping & Cleaning Machine) as shown in fig (3). In a table,
describe each hydraulic elements of the hydraulic circuit diagram.

Dr. Ahmed M. Elsayed

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Fayoum University Hydraulics: MPE 412
Faculty of Engineering
Fourth year Mechanical Engineering
Sheet [4] Mechanical control
Department 2018-2019

(1) What are the main classes of the shut – off valves?
(2) What are the main classes of the directional control valves?
(3) Describe the different types of accumulator. And its applications.
Answer with drawing as possible.
(4) In the flow control valves, compare between the meter – in control
and meter – out control. Answer with drawing
(5) As shown in the figure (1), a semi-automatic saw is used for cutting
boards. The process begins when the buffer and the board come into
contact. The operation starts with the insertion of the board which is
held in place by the cylinder A. And then the cylinder B moves the
saw. According to the machine sketch, make the essential design for
the hydraulic circuit to achieve the requirements of the saw, path –
step chart, and the flow chart.

(6) Parts are drilled on an automatic hydraulic drilling machine As

shown in fig (2). Feed is via a chute and an inserting cylinder A
which at the same time holds the part in the drilling position. The
drilling unit is moved forwards and back by cylinder B. When the
work is completed and the clamp released, the part is ejected by
cylinder C. The drill is driven by hydraulic motor D. Make the
essential design for the hydraulic circuit to achieve the requirements.
According to the machine sketch,
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 Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram, path – step chart, and flow
chart.

(7) In a press- fit installation as shown in fig. (3), an appliance presses

pins into a hole by means of cylinder. The work piece is held by
cylinder A, with cylinder B feeding the appliance with manually
loaded pins. Cylinder C presses them into the hole.
All end positions are monitored by limit switches.
Draw the path – step chart, the flow chart, and hydraulic circuit
diagram.

(8) As shown in fig. (4), a shifting unit load parts from a conveyor into a
waiting container. The start is signaled by the arrival of a part.
Cylinder A clamps the part while cylinder B lifts it (first movement
out of the initial position marked her with a+), then cylinder C moves
to the side (look out for initial position here too).

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 Draw the path – step chart, the flow chart, and hydraulic circuit
diagram.

(9) As shown in the figure (5), A filling of container in mass production

hydraulic line. According to the machine sketch, draw the hydraulic
circuit diagram, path – step chart, flow chart.

(10) Repeat problems 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 using pneumatic systems.

Dr. Ahmed M. Elsayed

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