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Donna Castellone, MS, t 4:30 each weekday morning the alarm
MT(ASCP)SH, rides the
Long Island Railroad at 5
AM on her way to work at
New York Presbyterian
A sounds in the Castellone household on
.*_Long Island, NY. Donna Castellone, MS,
MT(ASCP)SH, wife and mother of three, prepares
Hospital in Manhattan. for her day as a technical specialist in the Depart-
Photo courtesy Mark
ment of Special Coagulation at New York Presby-
Fechner.
terian Hospital in Manhattan. She'll take the Long
Island Railroad and three subways, then walk half
a mile to reach her job by 7:10 AM. At 4 I'M she'll
begin the reverse commute that brings her home
to her waiting family 2\ hours later.
Sound crazy? The commute, maybe; but in
other ways Castellone's daily juggle of work and
family strikes a chord familiar to many laboratory
professionals. With nearly 84% of laboratory
workers women in their childbearing years,1 the
average household is a busy place. People are rais-
ing children, holding jobs, driving carpools, run-
ning households, and trying to squeeze in time for
significant others and themselves. Some even
manage to attend school or volunteer for their
favorite causes.
Employers are helping workers streamline their
lives by offering alternative work options such as
job sharing. Other employer-sponsored work and
life assistance includes on-site day care and sick
child care, maternity and parental leave, adoption
aid, elder care assistance, and support groups.
Family-friendly policies translate into reduced
absenteeism, lower turnover, greater productivity,
and greater employee satisfaction.2'3
Still, many laboratory professionals find them-
selves on a treadmill that never slows, searching
for ways to keep pace with modern life and main-
tain peace of mind. In the stories that follow, lab-
oratory professionals reveal their strategies for
managing multiple demands and enjoying life.
Their stories reflect planning, flexibility, and a
sense of humor.
Just Do It
Many would shudder at the thought of commuting
25 hours a week. "It sounds ridiculous," Castellone
says. "But if you just do it and not think about it,
it's not so bad." She and her husband, Eugene, have
three children—Theresa, 16, Jenna, 14, and
Gabrielle, 9. On a good day, she says, her household
functions like a well-rehearsed symphony.

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S 2 2 2018 LABORATORY MEDICINE VOLUME 30. NUMBER 8 AUGUST 1999
 Housework is a team effort. Each child must At work, Castellone manages a staff of
spend 60 to 90 minutes on housework between three in coagulation research and develop-
Friday and Sunday each week. If they don't help, ment. "It's extremely stressful," she says. She
they don't see their friends. "Everybody is capable recently added 15 assays to the test menu.
of helping," Castellone says. When the kids were 4 Also, her department received new instru-
they started making their own beds. They make mentation that required additional correla-
their own lunches too. tion. A robotic laboratory opened in June
1998. In the meantime, her department is
Systematic Approach to Life preparing for an inspection, and is moving
On weekends, Castellone plans dinner menus for three floors up.

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the week ahead. She'll cook and freeze. Her slow
cooker comes in handy during the week, and on Everybody is capable of helping."
Fridays the family orders pizza. During the week
—Donna Castellone, M S , MT(ASCP)SH
she'll call the kids at home and have them put din-
ner in the oven or make a salad. "We eat better now
than when I worked 11 miles away," Castellone says. How Does She Do It?
Her wardrobe is planned as well. Each weekend Castellone admits she doesn't need more than 6
she lays out six or seven outfits for the coming hours' sleep a night. On weekends she rises at 6 AM
week and ensures they are clean and ironed. She and grocery shops before the kids even wake up.
hooks them on her closet, and voila!, no scramble The family has a time-share apartment in Man-
each morning for the perfect outfit. hattan, so they visit the city often. On Sundays
Castellone's commute is not wasted time. She they attend church. She and her husband try to
wrote her office procedure manual in transit, as steal a weekend alone here and there.
well as completing other projects. Last year she Castellone doesn't want credit for all she does. ©c
published nine professional articles and three "It's just something I do," she says. She attributes o
book chapters, much of the content of which was her gusto to her upbringing. When she was 19 her I
drafted en route. She reads a book a week on the mother died at the age of 44. "I raised my 9-year- c
w
train just for fun. old sister," she says. "That's probably why I am the
Castellone and her husband usually do the way I am. I have my whacko weeks where I lose it,
"take home" leg of carpools. A late school bus sys- but you have to make the best use of your time.
tem helps too. Even so, time crunches happen. For Keep your sense of humor. Go for it. Treat yourself
example, Gabrielle's dance class is from 6 to 8 FM and live, and don't say I should have. Just do it!"
on Mondays, and Castellone gets home after 6.
At work, Donna
Thus Gabrielle is late for class. "It's the best I can Castellone, MS,
do," Castellone says. "I tell her, 'Either you don't MT(ASCP)SH,
go, or you accept being 15 minutes late.'" manages a staff of
three in coagulation
research and
A Professional Life
development. She
Castellone speaks nationally on coagulation, phle- recently added 15
botomy, communication, medical-legal, and cus- assays to the test
tomer service issues for ASCP regional workshops menu. Also, her
and various companies. She is an ASCP state advi- department received
new instrumentation
sor and legislative liaison and is on the program that required
committee. In addition, she is an adjunct clinical additional
assistant professor at the State University of New correlation. A robotic
York (SUNY) at Stony Brook and serves on the laboratory opened in
clinical advisory committee at SUNY-Farmingdale. June 1998.

AUGUST 1999
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Lori Koepsel,
MT(ASCP), brings Family-Friendly Employers
her son Tyler with Laboratory professionals with a family-friendly
her to Saint Luke's employer can breathe a bit easier. Employers are
Hospital (Kansas helping employees manage their lives with on-site
City, Mo) where she
works in the
day and sick child care, on-site parenting pro-
chemistry laboratory. grams, stress management programs, lactation
Saint Luke's Hospital rooms, tuition reimbursement, on-site fitness cen-
has on-site child care ters, subsidized cafeterias, and more.
and a summer camp
Working Mother magazine named Saint Luke's
for school-aged kids,
as well as sick child Hospital of Kansas City, Mo, one of the 100 Best
care. Companies for Working Mothers in 1998. The
676-bed hospital has on-site child care and sick
child care, a summer camp for school-aged kids,
prenatal education for employee and spouse, on-
site lactation consulting and rooms, a low thresh-
old (16 hours) for part-time benefits, a workout
facility, stress management programs, and tuition
reimbursement, among other supports.
Saint Luke's understands the value of taking
care of its employees. "We are an employer of
choice in Kansas City, so with this labor market we
want to recruit and retain qualified employees,"
says Dawn Murphy, Saint Luke's director of
human resources. "We want to make sure our
working moms don't have to be concerned about
their children while they are taking care of our
patients."
"We've accommodated our
employees on a case-by-case basis
as best we can."
—Kristy Chilcoat, M B A , MT(ASCP)
Saint Luke's programs are successful because
they are employees' ideas, Murphy says. Take job
sharing, for example, in which two or more people
share one full-time job. "Job sharing was a grass
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24 LABORATORY MEDICINE VOLUME 30, NUMBER 8 AUGUST 1999
10 Tips for Balancing
Work and Family
Two or three balls are harder to juggle
than one, but you can do it in a way that
you feel good about, says Martha
Zuehlke, MD, a psychiatrist at
Northwestern Memorial Hospital in
Chicago. Zuehlke, a mother of three,
offers tips for keeping sane with
increasingly hectic lifestyles.
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Clarify priorities—Determine your main
priority and focus on it. If it's maintaining
good child care, discuss with your
spouse how to make it work. Arrange a
pickup time in advance, have cash ready
on Fridays, and have clear instructions
about schedule changes.
Expect change—Realize that needs
change over time: childcare, after-school
activities, work demands. "You may have
it in place this month or this year, but
don't think that's a permanent
arrangement," Zuehlke says. If you keep
this in mind, you're less likely to feel
defeated if your plan no longer works
well.
Learn t o say no —Many people are
uncomfortable declining job promotions,
volunteer opportunities, or parenting
activities. "Every time you say yes to
something you say no to something
else," Zuehlke says. "Learn to say no as
a constructive, quality-of-life-enhancing
act."
Have fun —Remember that life has to be
more than a series of to-do lists. Make
time for fun, and consider recreation a
valuable experience.
Be there mentally—Zuehlke recalls
preparing dinner one night while her
youngest daughter
tried to tell her a
story. The child kept
telling her mother to
listen. Zuehlke
distractedly kept
responding, "I am."
£ Finally, the
frustrated child
replied, "Sit down
with your bottom."
"If you're not there
mentally, you're not there with your
kids," Zuehlke says.
 Learn to unwind —During your commute
from work, via car, bus, or train, give
yourself 10 minutes to dispense with the
pressures, frustrations, and annoyances
of the workday. Use uplifting, auditory
input such as music or meditation tapes.
Ordinary radio or TV, and newspapers
can raise your tension level.
roots effort of employees who gave their manager
a proposal outlining what they wanted to do and its
advantages. Employees explained that they didn't
want to leave their jobs but were feeling pressure.
Managers have been supportive because they real-
Cheryl Trotter,
ize the impact of turnover," Murphy says. MT(ASCP), began
Several laboratory employees are job sharing. job sharing with Lori
"We've accommodated our employees on a case- Koepsel, MT(ASCP),
by-case basis as best we can," says Kristy Chilcoat, in the chemistry

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department 3 years
MBA, MT(ASCP), operations manager for Saint
ago.
Luke's Regional Laboratories.
During the past few years
eight full-time employees
have asked to work part-
time, for reasons ranging
from impending childbirth
Make time t o relax —"Life is a marathon, to a change in family income.
not a sprint," Zuehlke says. Pace yourself Employees usually pair up to
and refurbish your soul, mind, and body, discuss the situation before
or you won't be able to maintain over the presenting the proposal to a
long haul. Stress manifests as backaches,
supervisor.
irritability, stomach problems, and
sadness. The symptoms are telling you
to do something differently. "Lori and I keep each other up-to-
Have a familiar, reliable babysitter—Hire a
college student to
date.... One of us is always at work,
babysit on a regular
basis so you and
and we still get full benefits."
your spouse can go —Cheryl Trotter, MT(ASCP)
out alone. It's critical
to have adult
communication with Communication Is Key
your partner. "It's
t o Working Partnership
shocking how many
people do not go out Cheryl Trotter, MT(ASCP),
as a couple," Zuehlke and Lori Koepsel, MT(ASCP),
says. "They wonder started job sharing in the
why they've lost chemistry department 3 years
touch with each other. A marriage requires ago. Each has one child and
nurturing or it withers." wanted to spend more time at
Share, delegate, or delete —In most home. "We gave our section
families the woman mentally assumes supervisor a date 4 months
responsibility for the bulk of before we wanted to begin job
maintenance of everybody's existence, sharing," Trotter says. Their
Zuehlke says. The quality of family life is
supervisor took the proposal
better if you share responsibility.
Consider saying no or limiting each child to the laboratory manager,
to one activity per semester. who determined its feasibility.
Trotter works 2 days one Lori Koepsel,
Bring fun and joy into what might
week and 3 days the next. "It's working out pretty MT(ASCP), exercises
otherwise be tedious—Combine a in Saint Luke's
necessary task with a fun activity. Have well," she says. "Lori and I keep each other up-to-
Hospital's (Kansas
story tapes or singalong tapes in the car date by e-mail about procedural changes and what City, Mo) workout
so your commute with a child becomes the other needs to know when at work." They facility.
enjoyable. Bring art projects as you wait trade schedules if necessary. "One of us is always at
in the doctor's waiting room. Look for
opportunities for positive interaction.©

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 work, and we still get full benefits," Trotter says.
They earn their individual hourly rate.
Trotter and Koepsel perform automated and
manual tests including glucose, thyroid, and fetal
lung maturity. Job sharing is feasible for this pair
because they are trained in many of the same
areas. Trotter is lead technologist in the fetal lung
profile area, where she oversees training, main-
tains inventory, and reviews results. "When situa-
tions arise on my days off, Lori or my supervisor
backs me up," Trotter says.
As chemistry education coordinator, Koepsel
oversees clinical laboratory science students as
they rotate through Chemistry. Trotter provides
support as necessary. "We help each other," Trotter
says. "We areflexibleand make quality patient care
our primary goal. The work belongs to all of us,
and we are not afraid to ask each other for help."
"I can keep up with housework on
my off days so we have real family
time on weekends instead of running
errands and always feeling rushed."
-Lori K o e p s e l , M T ( A S C P )
Peace of Mind
Job sharing has reduced the pressure Trotter feels
at home. "I am more patient with my husband and
son," she says. Her husband travels for business,
and job sharing allows her to be home when he is
out of town. "Job sharing gives me the best of both
worlds: more time for our son at home and intel-
lectual stimulation and adult interaction at work,"
she says.
Koepsel echoes her sentiments. "I can keep up
with housework on my off days so we have real
family time on weekends instead of running
errands and always feeling rushed," she says. "My
son no longer has a 'cranky mom.' I'm more posi-
tive at work because I'm not stressed about miss-
ing all the fun of my son's early years or the state
of my messy house." One drawback is the diffi-
culty in keeping up with all laboratory areas, she
says. "I don't spend as much time in any one area,
and I rotate less frequently."
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6 LABORATORY MEDICINE VOLUME 30. NUMBER 8 AUGUST 1999
What if your workplace doesn't offer flexible
work arrangements? Although the concept is
catching on, only a small percentage of American
companies with 100 or more employees offer their
workers flexibility on a regular basis.3
"It helps to have leadership that supports these
kinds of initiatives," Murphy says. She suggests
that employees write a proposal outlining the
costs and benefits of job sharing. "Find out what
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methods your organization has to communicate
ideas to upper management, and use them."
Excellent Support Systems
Eileen Hansen, MT(ASCP), credits her successful
balancing act to three factors: her husband, her
immediate supervisor, and her staff. Hansen is the
manager of anatomic pathology in the Depart-
ment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at
the University of California, Los Angeles. She, her
husband, Steen, and their three children, Kristen,
17, Eric, 13, and Karin, 5, live in Woodland Hills,
an hour's drive from the university.
"I have a wonderful, supportive husband," says
Hansen. Steen is a self-employed accountant who
works from home. When it's not tax season, he can
transport the children to school activities. He's
there when they get home from school, and can
start dinner. From January through April, during
tax season, Eileen fills in more.
Life in the Fast Lane
The Hansen household is hectic. "It's a madhouse
trying to get everyone up and going in the morn-
ing," Hansen says. One of the children will dis-
cover a permission slip that needs to be signed or
other paperwork that needs to be filled out. When
a child is sick, she and Steen do a mental rundown
of the day ahead to decide which parent stays
home.
Weekends are a marathon of grocery shopping,
house maintenance, baseball games, and other
activities. The family discontinued its cleaning
help. "My husband and I want our children to
know how to clean a house," Hansen says. Each
family member has a weekly housekeeping chore
and cleans his or her own bedroom.
When Karin was a year old she developed a
seizure disorder. The next 2 years were riddled
with trips to the emergency department, hospital-
izations, and doctor's visits. "It was a nightmare,"
Hansen says. "How we survived I'm not quite sure,
but we did. You deal with things as they come up."
 Alternatives to Full-Time Employment
Employers increasingly are offering alternatives to full-time employment. Not every work arrangement is feasible in the
laboratory, but a few are making people's lives easier.
Alternative Description
Flex Time Some full-time employees enjoy flexibility in
when they begin and end their workday. Some
arrive at work early and leave early; others
prefer to arrive later and stay later. Some opt
to work a longer shift each day and complete
their full 40-hour week in 4 days.
Job Sharing One full-time job is split between two people.
Some teams split the workweek in half; others
alternate 2- and 3-day workweeks. Both
partners may split one full-time salary. If job
sharers have different skills and experience,
each partner's salary can be prorated. Benefits
may also be prorated.
Compressed Employees work more hours per day but
Workweek fewer days within a 1- to 2-week period. For
example, an employee would work three 12-
hour days and receive full-time benefits.
Telecommuting Telecommuters work from home or satellite
offices using computers, modems, telephones,
and fax machines to stay connected with the
main office. They may work part-time or full-
time.
Part-Time Work A part-time employee generally is scheduled
to work less than 35 to 40 hours a week in an
established position.
Reduced Hours This work arrangement is an alternative to
layoffs during times of recession. All
employees agree to work fewer hours for
reduced pay during this time. When the
economy turns around, the office has a full
workforce, and employees can again work full
time at full pay.
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Consideration
Employees have increased flexibility, but
varying schedules make the manager's job
more difficult.
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Job sharing requires cooperation and
communication. Workers must be able to
work together without competing. Because
two people are doing one job, there are
more people to manage. Scheduling may
present another challenge. Efficient
systems for exchanging information are
essential; e-mail, computer logs, or wall
charts can be used. This concept works
well in the laboratory.
Employees have 3- or 4-day weekends and
increased flexibility. This concept is
difficult to use in the laboratory because
tests must be run at all times.
Studies show that employees who
telecommute increase their productivity
because they are happier, take fewer sick
days, are more creative, and are generally
more motivated. Traffic congestion and
pollution are reduced. Employers save
money on office space. This concept is
difficult to use in the laboratory unless one
is involved in education or research.
By using part-time employees a laboratory
can expand its hours during peak periods
without having to pay overtime. Part-time
workers can cover for other employees
during vacations, illnesses, and workload
peaks so that temporary employees are
not needed. Part-time workers are absent
less often because they have the flexibility
to meet personal demands.
Employees earn a lower salary, but they
keep their jobs and benefits, and the office
keeps its skilled workers.
VOLUME 30. NUMBER 8 LABORATORY MEDICINE 627
 One of the keys to success is a
strong marriage, Hansen says. "If you
are not happy in your marriage,
you're not happy anywhere." The
Hansens are fortunate that 17-year-
old Kristen often babysits the other
two children. Steen's parents live
nearby and can babysit as well. "If we
don't make time for ourselves, every-
thing else falls apart," Hansen says.
If you are not happy in your
marriage, you're not happy
anywhere."
—Eileen Hansen, MT(ASCP)
Supportive Work Environment
"When you have quality supervisors and staff who
work well together and support each other, your
life is much easier," Hansen says. She praises her
immediate supervisor. "She's the best thing that
could happen to an employee. She has high stan-
dards but is humanistic and approachable. I can
be straightforward with her and not feel my job is
in jeopardy."
Hansen is on the committee to construct a hos-
pital to replace one damaged in the 1994 earth-
quake. Other projects demand her attention,
including remodeling, budgeting, accreditation
standards, safety, personnel issues, and strategic
Norma Zimmermann, MEd, MT(ASCP), (center) shares family time with (from left
to right) her husband Michael, daughter Lori, and son Matt with Gemini, the
family dog. Working the night shift allows her to spend time with the family
during the day and evening.
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planning. "Things are at a constant, frantic pace in
health care," she says. "There's no breathing room.
Fifteen years ago you completed a major project
and took a break. That doesn't happen anymore."
Still, she sees light at the end of the tunnel.
"Hang in there," Hansen says. "Prioritize and real-
ize what's important. Give it your best shot in
every way you can, and if that's not good enough,
then it's not the job for you. Sometimes it seems
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like the worst thing to do, but you've got to make
time for your family and yourself.
"There are days when I don't know how I can
do this anymore," Hansen says, "but I realize I do
make a difference, that I as a person and what I do
are valued. When a crisis comes up and we resolve
it, I wonder what would have been if I hadn't been
there. What keeps me going is realizing that what I
do accomplish has value."
M a k i n g Sacrifices
The typical 8 to 5 workday isn't for everybody.
Norma Zimmermann, MEd, MT(ASCP), works the
night shift in a reference laboratory at the Lahey
Clinic in Burlington, Mass. She works at the trauma
center from 10 at night to 8 in the morning 4 days
a week. She and her engineer husband, Michael,
have two children, Lori, 15, and Matthew, 13.
Zimmermann eased into her present schedule
by working an occasional night shift. That became
30 hours a week, and last year she went full time.
"My husband and I felt it was important to have
one of us home after school to take the children to
activities, because there is no public transporta-
tion," she says. "We didn't want the kids to say no
to activities." The night shift also pays more, which
will come in handy with college expenses just a
few years away.
On a typical day Zimmermann finishes work at
8 AM, then exercises. "My workout helps me sleep
better," she says. She goes to bed about 11 AM, and
wakes around 3 FM to take the kids to activities or
appointments. The family has dinner together,
and Zimmermann may nap before leaving for
 Norma Zimmerman,
MEd, MT(ASCP),
collects a specimen
from the pneumatic
work around 9:30 PM. "I never found working tube system on the
nights that hard. Some people can't adjust, but I'm night shift at the
lucky that I can fall asleep during the day." Lahey Clinic in
Burlington, Mass.
How does her husband of 23 years feel about all
this? "He's not too happy with the situation, but
we agree that it's what we should do for now,"
Zimmermann says. "We believe the schedule is
temporary." She says Michael's looking forward to

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her working days, though she prefers nights.
"The night shift has a small community hospi-
tal feeling," Zimmermann says. "I know the nurses
and people on the floor. There are just six of us at
night. The camaraderie is great, and we have a
wonderful supervisor." She also enjoys being a
generalist so she can maintain her skills in differ-
ent areas.
Her schedule is stressful at times, she admits.
"Things always come up, but things come up no
matter when you work. This way, if one of the kids "The night shift has a small
is sick I don't have to make a decision whether to
stay home. This is what works for us now."
community hospital feeling. The
camaraderie is great, and w e have a
Harmony at Home and at Work
Despite the challenges, laboratory professionals wonderful supervisor."
are forging ahead, living one day at a time. Each —Norma Zimmermann, MEd, MT(ASCP)
has a unique situation and way of achieving bal-
ance. Although the scale tips often into the chaotic
zone, most are able to right themselves and regain Suggested Reading
peace of mind. In today's world, laboratory pro- Carlson R. Don't Sweat the Small Stuff With Your Family: Sim-
fessionals need not sacrifice work or family. ple Ways To Keep Daily Responsibilities and Household Chaos
From Taking Over Your Life. New York, NY: Hyperion; 1998.
Through their own creativity and determination, Estess PS. Work Concepts for the Future: Managing Alternative
they are finding ways to make it work.® Work Arrangements. Menlo Park, Calif: Crisp Publications;
1996.
1997 National Study of the Changing Workforce. New York,
Terri Yablonsky Stat, MA, is a freelance writer in NY: Families and Work Institute; 1998.
Evanston, III. Olmsted B, Smith S. Creating a Flexible Workplace: How to
Select and Manage Alternative Work Options. 2nd ed. New York,
NY: AMACOM; 1994.
References St James E. Simplify Your Life: 100 Ways to Slow Down and
1. ASCP Board of Registry 10-year Longitudinal Study. Enjoy the Things That Really Matter. New York, NY: Hyperion;
Chicago, III: American Society of Clinical Pathologists; 1997. 1997.
2. Work-Family Roundtable: Job Sharing. New York, NY: The St James E. Living the Simple Life: A Guide to Scaling Down
Conference Board; Summer 1994;4(2). and Enjoying More. New York, NY: Hyperion; 1996.
3. MacDermid SM. Workplace policies for the next century.
Presented at: 1999 American Association for the Advancement
of Science Annual Meeting and Science Innovation Exposition;
January 21-26, 1999; Anaheim, Calif.

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