SYNOPSIS

FREQUENCY OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
IN HYPOTHOROID PATIENTS ADMITTED IN
AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL

CANDIDATE
DR.ADNAN IMRAN

SUPERVISOR
DR.NASIR HUSSAIN SHAH KAZMI
MBBS ( PESH), FCPS ( MEDICINE)
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE
AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL,
ABBOTTABAD.
INTRODUCTION:
Hypothyroidism is one of the common disease of thyroid gland and is common in
Pakistan.1 Hypothyroidism results from the deficiency of thyroid activity.2Thyroid
gland controls variety of metabolic processes of the body3. Thyroid hormone
effects lipid metabolism by influencing lipid and lipoproteins. Hypothyroid
patients have hypercholesterolemia as common finding. An essential risk factor for
hypertension and cardiovascular diseases is dyslipidemia.4 The mechanism of
hypercholesterolemia in hypothyroid patients is decreased number of LDL
receptors in liver resulting in decreased fractional clearance of LDL. The other
proposed mechanisms are slow removal of LDL from plasma and decreased
cholesterol conversion to bile acids in the liver.5 There are various experimental
studies showing potent effect of thyroid hormones on metabolism of cholesterol
and lipids. Increase in blood cholesterol levels are observed in myxedema.6 High
ratio of free to total serum cholesterol levels has been reported in cretinous
children while in adult patients with myxedema, an increase in cholesterol to
phospholipid ration is reported.7
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the frequency of hypercholesterolemia in hypothoroid patients
admitted in Medical Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital.
OPERATIONAL DEFINATIONS:
HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA:
HYPOTHYROIDISM:
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Setting: Department of Medicine , Ayub Teaching Hospital.
Duration of Period: One year after the approval of synopsis.
Study Design : Cross sectional study.
Sample Size: Using the WHO software (sample size determination in health
studies), the formula to estimate the population proportion with specified absolute
precision , is used to calculate the sample size.

Sampling technique: Non-probability consecutive sampling technique.

Sampling Selection :
Inclusion Criteria : Diagnosed Hypothyroid Patients
Both genders included.
Exclusion Criteria: Patients having hypercholesterolemia but no hypothyroidism.
Data Collection:
Collection of data will be done after approval from Hospital Ethics Committee .
The selection of patients will be done from the patients admitted in Medical
Department of Aye Teaching Hospital as per criteria of sample selection
mentioned in the sampling technique above. Informed consent will be taken form
patients and their attendants and they will be explained about the data usage for
research and publication. The blood samples will be taken by the investigators and
tests for Thyroid Function and Lipid Profile will be conducted by the Senior
Pathologist of Ayub Teaching Hospital Laboratory. The required data will be
simultaneously recorded on the Performa attached.
Data Analysis:
SPSS version 16 will be used for data analysis. The collected data will be entered
in the SPPS version 16 and will be analyzed. The variables like gender will
described as frequencies and percentages. Quantitative variables, such as age and
hypercholesterolemia will be described as mean+ standard deviation. Data
regarding hypercholesterolemia in hypothyroid individuals will be stratified by age
and gender, and post-stratification chi-square test at 5% level of significance will
be used.
REFRENCES:
1- Ganainazargarah, scenario of endocrinology in south Asia. Indian
Endocrinol 2007; 11 1-2
2- 1. Shashi , A, Sharma, N. LIPID PROFILE ABNORMALITIES IN
HYPOTHYROIDISM. International Journal of Science and
Nature. 2012;3(2): 354-360.
3- Duntas LH. Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid. 2002;12:287–93. [PubMed]
4- Tuskra J, limavova Z antosovam. Thyroid disease, days and cardiovascular
rishvnitzleh 2007;54(4): 382-5.
5- Rosenman RH, Byers SO, FriedMan M. The mechanisms responsible for the
latered blood cholesterol content in deranged thyroid states. J Clin
Endocrinol 1952;12:1287.
6- Malairos H, Savahn B. Lipid metabolism in myxedelnia.
Acta Med Seanidinav 1953;145:361.
7- Rosenman RH, Byers SO, FriedMan M. The mechanisms responsible for the
latered blood cholesterol content in deranged thyroid states. J Clin
Endocrinol 1952;12:1287.
 DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE
AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL,ABBOTTABAD
FREQUENCY OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
IN HYPOTHOROID PATIENTS ADMITTED IN
AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL
PROFORMA

NAME:______________ AGE:_____ GENDER:___________

ADDRESS:________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
SERIAL # :________ ADMISSION # :________________
DATE:_________________
THYROID FUNCTION TESTS :
T3 LEVELS:________ T4 LEVELS:_______ TSH LEVELS:_______

LIPID PROFILE RESULT OF THE PATIENT:

CHOLESTEROL LEVELS:__________ LDL LEVELS:_______
HDL LEVELS:_____________