Ten Years After The Mumbai Attack: Along The New Silk Roads

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8 EDITORIAL NOIDA/DELHI
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2018

THE HINDU
Ten years after the Mumbai attack

Vigilance is important against new variants of terror, remaining ahead of the curve is even more vital
mon, viz. achieving mass casual sacre in 1972. Grid (NATGRID) has been consti
ties and widespread destruction. From an Indian standpoint, it tuted to create an appropriate da
Leave them alone The 26/11 Mumbai terror attack

was one of a kind, and not a mere
was perhaps for the first time that
an operation of this nature in
tabase of security related informa
tion. Four new operational hubs
Calls to take action against the Sentinelese variant of previous instances of volved Rapid Action Force person for the NSG have been created to
terrorist violence. It was the rarest nel, Marine Commandos (MAR ensure rapid response to terror at
for a tragic death are dangerously misguided M.K. Narayanan of rare cases, where one state’s re COS), the National Security Guard tacks. The Multi Agency Centre,
sources, viz. Pakistan’s, were em (NSG) and the Mumbai Police. which functions under the Intelli
T
he death of a young American man at the hands
ployed to carry out a series of ter It was inevitable that there gence Bureau, was further streng
of the inhabitants of North Sentinel Island in the
T
en years ago on this day, Pa ror attacks in a major Indian city. It should be a great deal of recrimi thened and its activities expand
Andaman and Nicobar Islands has led to danger
AP/GAUTAM SINGH
kistan carried out one of the was a case of ‘war by other nation in the wake of terror attack. ed. The Navy constituted a Joint
ous lines of debate. Some have called for the Sentine most heinous of terror at means’, in which the authorities in The principal charge was that the Operations Centre to keep vigil ov
lese to be convicted and punished and others have tacks perpetrated anywhere in the Pakistan, the InterServices Intelli security establishment had failed er India’s extended coastline.
urged that they be integrated into modern society. Both world. The 26/11 Mumbai terror at gence Directorate, the Pakistani to anticipate an attack of this na Notwithstanding increased vigil
these demands are misguided, and can only result in tack, named after the date in 2008 armed forces, were involved. It is ture, and was not adequately pre and streamlining of the counter
the extinction of a people. John Chau’s killing was a tra when the attack took place, is in difficult to recall any recorded in the Pakistani Special Forces in pared to deal with the situation. In terrorism apparatus, the ground
some respects comparable to the stance in modern times where a volved psychological indoctrina retrospect, it has to be recognised reality is that newer methodolo
gedy but his attempt to make contact with the Sentine
September 11, 2001 terror attacks state and its various agencies were tion by highlighting atrocities on that the Mumbai terror attack was gies, newer concepts more daring
lese, who he seemed to know something about, was in the U.S. Comparisons with the directly involved in carrying out a Muslims in India and other parts an unprecedented exercise in vio ly executed, and more deeply laid
foolhardy and dangerous, not only to himself but to Madrid train bombings in 2004 terror attack of this nature. As is of the globe, including Chechnya lence, involving not merely a well plans of terrorist groups have
them. There is a reason why no one — whether mission and the London bombings in 2005 now known, the Mumbai terror at and Palestine; basic and advanced trained terrorist group, but also made the world a less safe place.
ary, scholar, adventurer, U.S. citizen or Indian — is al are, however, misplaced. tack was not based on a sudden combat training; commando train backed by the resources of a state, The actual number of terror at
lowed to venture near North Sentinel Island without India, and Mumbai city, are no impulse or whim. Several years of ing; training in weapons and ex viz. Pakistan. Till then, the Pakista tacks may have declined in recent
permission, which is given only in the rarest of circum strangers to terror. In 1993, over planning and preparation had pre plosives; training in swimming ni state was only known to har years, but this does not mean that
stances and with meticulous precautions in place to en 250 people were killed in Mumbai ceded the attack, even as the the and sailing — all under the watch bour terrorist groups like the LeT the situation is better than what
in a series of coordinated bomb ex Pakistani President, Pervez Mush ful eyes of Pakistani instructors and the JeM, and use terror as an existed a decade ago. Terrorism
sure that the Sentinelese are not disturbed. Having
plosions attributed to Dawood arraf, was talking peace with then from the Special Forces. An even instrumentality to create pro remains a major threat, and with
lived in isolation in an island in the Bay of Bengal for Ibrahim, reportedly as reprisal for Indian Prime Minister, Manmohan more unusual feature of the Mum blems for India. modern refinements, new terro
thousands of years, the Sentinelese have no immunity the demolition of the Babri Masjid. Singh. bai attacks was the involvement of Secrecy was the very essence of rist methodologies and terrorism
or resistance to even the commonest of infections. Va In July 2006, bomb explosions in a The degree of involvement of two U.S./Canadian nationals of Pa this operation. Plans were limited mutating into a global franchise,
rious degrees of protection are in place for the indige number of suburban trains in the Pakistani deep state in the kistani origin, David Headley (who to a mere handful of persons. In the threat potential has become
nous people of A&N Islands, but it is complete in the Mumbai killed over 200 people planning and preparation of the at the time was a LeT operative) the LeT hierarchy, apart from Ha greater.
case of the Sentinelese. The administration enforces and injured several more. The attack is evident from many as and Tahawwur Hussain Rana. The fiz Sayeed, only a few like Zakiur One new variant is the concept
most audacious terror attack till pects that have come to light sub 10 attackers came via the sea from Rehman Lakhvi, its chief military of ‘enabled terror’ or ‘remote con
“an ‘eyeson and handsoff ’ policy to ensure that no
the 26/11 Mumbai terror incident sequently. Seldom has any terro Karachi in a small boat, hijacked commander, Sajid Mir and Zarar trolled terror’, viz. violence con
poachers enter the island”. A protocol of circumnaviga was the attack on the Indian Par rist group then, or for that matter an Indian fishing trawler en route, Shah, its communications chief, ceived and guided by a controller
tion of the island is in place, and the buffer maintained liament in 2001 by the Pakistan even now, used such highly so and reached Colaba in a rubber were privy to the operational thousands of miles away. Today
around the island is enforced under various laws. The based terror outfits, LashkareTai phisticated, stateoftheart com dinghy on November 26 evening. plans. U.S. intelligence is said to the ‘lone wolf’ is, more often than
Sentinelese are perhaps the most reclusive community ba (LeT) and JaisheMohammed munications, including Voice over have penetrated Zarar Shah’s com not, part of a remotecontrolled
in the world today. Their language is so far understood ( JeM). Internet Protocol. Planning for the Horror over four days puter, and possibly had far more initiative, with a controller choos
by no other group and they have traditionally guarded attack involved the use of a third The targets were carefully chosen details of the operation than were ing the target, the nature of the at
Into the 21st century country address. Handlers in Pa after having been reconnoitred actually shared with Indian tack and even the weaponry to be
their island fiercely, attacking most intruders with
Terrorism is hardly a postmodern kistan were given unfettered free previously by Headley for maxi intelligence. used. Internetenabled terrorism
spears and arrows. Arrows were fired even at a govern phenomenon. Several of the terror dom to provide instructions to the mum impact, viz. the Taj and Obe and resort to remote plotting is
ment aircraft that flew over the island after the 2004 attacks in the 21st century, howev terrorists during the entire four roi Hotels, Chhatrapati Shivaji Streamlining security thus the new threat. Operating be
Tsunami. er, reflect a paradigmatic change day siege. The choice of the sea Maharaj Terminus, the Jewish In the wake of the terror attack, hind a wall of anonymity, random
Chau knowingly broke the law, as did those who took in the tactics of asymmetric war route aimed at deception and centre at Nariman House, and the several steps were initiated to terror is likely to become the new
took him to the waters off North Sentinel Island. Seven fare, and the practice of violence. avoiding detection, was again dic Leopold Cafe, since these places streamline the security setup. terror imperative. There are no
persons, including five fishermen, have been arrested Today’s attacks carried out in dif tated by official agencies. were frequented by Europeans, In Coastal security was given high readymade answers to this new
ferent corners of the world by al The involvement of the Pakista dians and Jews. The Mumbai ter priority, and it is with the Navy/ threat. Vigilance is important, but
for facilitating this misadventure. To call for an investi
Qaeda and its affiliates, the Islamic ni Special Forces in preparing the ror attack went on for nearly four Coast Guard/marine police. A spe remaining ahead of the curve is
gation on the island, however, is to fail to see its histor State, alShabaab, and similar ter 10member fidayeen group was days, from the evening of Novem cialised agency to deal with terro even more vital.
ical and administrative uniqueness. At the heart of the ror outfits, are very different from confirmed by one of the conspira ber 26 to the morning of Novem rist offences, the National Investi
issue is the survival of the Sentinelese. According to the those witnessed in the previous tors, Abu Hamza, arrested subse ber 29. Seldom has a terrorist inci gation Agency, was set up and has M.K. Narayanan is a former National
2011 Census, their population was just 15 — though an century. The tactics employed quent to the 26/11 terror attack. dent lasted this length of time, been functioning from January Security Adviser and a former Governor
thropologists like T.N. Pandit, who made contact with may vary, but the objective is com The training regimen dictated by since the Munich Olympics mas 2009. The National Intelligence of West Bengal
them in the 1960s, put the figure at 8090. This degree
of ignorance about the Sentinelese often sparks an
Orientalist public discourse, instead of understanding
the dangers of trying to physically overpower them.
Chau’s death is a cautionary incident — for the danger of
Along the new Silk Roads
adventurism, and for the administration to step up
Regional agreements such as the BRI could embrace greater trade liberalisation goals
oversight. But it is also an occasion for the country to tan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is conventional trade agreements the same people are found.
embrace its human heritage in all its diversity, and to perhaps the most controversial. that seek to eliminate market ac The BRI as it stands is not con
GETTY IMAGES/ISTOCKPHOTO
The BRI is included in the Consti cess barriers, harmonise regula ceived as a tool for economic inte

empathetically try to see the world from the eyes of its
tution of an officially socialist Chi tions and impose preconditions gration. The Regional Comprehen
most vulnerable inhabitants. na. The BRI “shared interest” and for entry. The only legal texts one sive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
“shared growth” hence coexist could refer to are to be found in negotiations between the Associa
Ahead on malaria Leïla Choukroune &
James J. Nedumpara
with MarxismLeninism and “capi
talism with Chinese characteris
the network of foreign trade agree
ments, bilateral investment trea
tion of Southeast Asian Nations
and six countries is better
Odisha shows the way in bringing tics” in a country now said to be ties and other international invest equipped to deal with market ac
more tradefriendly than its pro ment agreements China is a party cess and integration goals within
down the incidence of new cases
A
t the recent Paris Peace Fo tectionist American rival, the U.S. to. However, these networks of and administered arbitration the AsiaPacific region. Again, the
I
ndia has suffered from a major burden of malaria for rum commemorating the Beijing has never been afraid of agreements have no special link rules. Naturally, investorstate dis BRI’s dispute resolution will be
decades, with high levels of morbidity and death. end of World War I, the contradictions in terms and this with the BRI, although they could putes could also be settled on the predominantly on commercial dis
But the declining trend of the scourge shows that heads of the International Mone capacity to ‘Sinicise’ concepts is a be brought in to resolve issues basis of China’s investment agree putes, involving either projects or
sustained public health action can achieve good results. tary Fund and the World Bank signature trait. The BRI is a politi emanating from the BRI. China is a ments, nationally or international contractual obligations. However,
made the case for a more inclusive cal project and a Chinese one no party to numerous statespon ly, in a given arbitration forum — with the world trading system
The World Malaria Report 2018 of the World Health Or
multilateralism. Drawing compari matter the number of other partn sored business contracts between for example, the World Bank passing through a turmoil, the
ganisation notes that India’s record offers great promise sons between 1914 and today’s sit ers joining the effort and partici Chinese firms, including state sponsored International Centre possibility of regional trade agree
in the quest to cut the number of new cases and deaths uations in terms of inequalities, pating to its funding. owned companies, and foreign bu for Settlement of Investment Dis ments or amorphous legal devices
globally by at least 40% by 2020, and to end the epi they warned against the tempta siness partners, public or private. pute (ICSID). such as the BRI embracing greater
demic by 2030. A lot of that optimism has to do with the tion of a divisive globalisation Normative yet not legal This nonlegal yet rather domi trade liberalisation goals cannot
progress made by Odisha, one of the most endemic which could only benefit the In this regard, the normative fra neering proposal is not a surprise. Institutional strategies be entirely ruled out. A failure to
States. Investments made there in recruiting accredited wealthiest. mework put in place by Beijing The fluid, if not vague, nature of The institutional setting of the BRI resolve the WTO Appellate Body
China’s discourse on a new plays an interesting role. These the BRI is nothing but a manifesta is also rather light. Joint commit crisis or any consequent weaken
social health workers and largescale distribution of in
“connected” multilateralism, norms manifest themselves in the tion of a pragmatism with Chinese tees are put in place and the exist ing of the multilateral dispute re
secticidetreated bednets, together with strategies to through the Belt and Road Initia form of guiding principles, decla characteristics that has the capaci ing institutions mobilised from the solution process could present an
encourage healthseeking behaviour, seem to have paid tive (BRI), is building upon the rations, general agreements and ty to constantly adjust to a fast Shanghai Cooperation Organisa opportunity for purely nationalis
off. The WHO report highlights a sharp drop in the same inclusive project now led by other communication tools in changing environment. The ab tion to the Asian Infrastructure In tic initiatives to transmute and as
number of cases in the State. The reduction in cases by a nonWestern and nondemocrat cluding the hardly studied “Digital sence of law is actually partial and vestment Bank (AIIB), which is sume larger objectives.
half in 2017 compared to the same study period in 2016 ic superpower. There is indeed an Silk Road” envisaging “innovation temporary. China is preparing for contributing to the BRI despite the
appears to reinforce research findings: malaria cases in ambition to influence the world — action plans for ecommerce, digi the domestic resolution of BRI dis rather distant position of some of Leïla Choukroune is Professor of
Odisha have been coming down steadily since 2003, if not directly control it — by mak tal economy, smart cities and putes with the creation by the Su its members and India in particu International Law and Director of the
ing the rules on which it functions. science and technology parks”. preme People’s Court of two dedi lar, which is the largest recipient of University of Portsmouth Research and
with a marked reduction since 2008, attributed to grea
This normative determination to They constitute a normative dis cated branches of the China AIIB funding. In this context, Chi Innovation Theme in Democratic
ter political and administrative commitment. This pos achieve a far greater objective has course, a form of behaviour, a International Commercial Court, na is not challenging the existing Citizenship. James J. Nedumpara is Head
itive trend should encourage authorities not just in Od hardly been addressed when ana standard to abide by, but are not one in Shenzhen to tackle the Mar institutional setup or proposing and Professor of Centre for Trade and
isha, but in the northeastern States and elsewhere too lysing China’s BRI and its impact. legally binding yet. The BRI in itime Road disputes, and one in something different than what ex Investment Law, Indian Institute of
to cut the transmission of the disease further. Impor There is more to the BRI than deed develops without any dedi Xi’an to settle overland Belt issues. ists in the Bretton Woods Institu Foreign Trade. They co-Chair the South
tantly, the reduction in the number of cases should not the six economic corridors span cated law, nor is it a comprehen In addition, the Hong Kong Inter tions. From the functioning of the Asia International Economic Law
produce complacency and lead to a reduction in de ning Asia, Europe and Africa, of sive trade or economic national Arbitration Centre has banks to their advisory commit Network (SAIELN). The views expressed
which the $50 billion ChinaPakis partnership. It is different from specific BRI arbitration clauses tees, the same structure and often are personal
ployment of health workers and funding cuts to pro
gramme components. Where allocations have been re
duced, they should be reversed. It should be pointed LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters emailed to letters@thehindu.co.in must carry the full postal address and the full name or the name with initials.
out that even in 2017, the Union Health and Family Wel
fare Ministry put the number of malaria cases in Odisha Kartarpur corridor in Pakistan for the auspicious positive sign especially after prevented from gaining source of inspiration His jingles that were aired
at 3,52,140. At last there seems to be occasion” can be considered the two sides have been access to certain important especially for women. during TV commercial
One issue that requires monitoring in India is resis some movement in bilateral a defining moment — that mired in noholdsbarred Sikh shrines in Pakistan. Heldon Fernando, breaks were a delight. Many
tance to combination therapy using artemisinin. Recent relations after the change in things might become better aggression for many years. Amit Mangal, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu ads, such as with “Lalitaji”,
guard in Pakistan (Editorial, in the future. Religion has been a cause of New Delhi were outofthebox.
reports indicate that some patients in West Bengal be
“Corridor of hope”, Simran Kapoor, riots and animosity but this Smart Alyque T.S. Karthik,
came resistant to the treatment protocol used for the November 24). Peopleto Dehradun step is sure to promote Medical marijuana The passing of ad guru Chennai
falciparum parasite, which causes debilitating cerebral people contact can be brotherhood. This baby step The initiative taken by the Alyque Padamsee is a great more letters online:
malaria and leads to a high number of deaths. The phe furthered by sports and ■ Why can’t both countries should be extended to other CSIRIIIM and the Tata loss. In the 1980s and 1990s, www.hindu.com/opinion/letters/
nomenon requires close monitoring — although the cultural exchanges, implement a common and domains such as a much Memorial Centre in Mumbai
especially between youth of normal visa regime — easy needed revival of sports ties. to research the effectiveness corrections & clarifications:
WHO said in a recent assessment that the treatment In the Ground Zero feature, “Stopping the virus” (Nov. 24,
policy was changed to another efficacious set of combi both countries. Reviving visas, or visa on arrival for Deepak Singhal of strains of marijuana in
Noida
2018), a sentence that read, “This delay in launching intensive
the SAARC grouping for elders, on a reciprocal basis? cancer treatment is communication campaigns can cost lives, according to Zika re
nation drugs in some northeastern States, after statisti
political dialogue can also Or work towards an open praiseworthy. The research searchers, because all Zika strains have been shown to cause birth
cally significant treatment failure rates were found in be looked at. However, transit trade regime like in ■ Any peace offer seen project needs to be defects” should be recast to read: “This delay in launching... be
2012. Eliminating malaria requires an integrated ap terror and talks cannot go the EU? Both nations have coming from Pakistan should transparent so that the cause all Zika strains can probably cause birth defects.”
proach, and this should involve Chhattisgarh, Jhark together. suffered enough for 70 years be taken with a pinch of salt. public understands the The picture caption in the report headlined “Maratha quota is a
hand and West Bengal, which have a higher burden of Harsahib Singh, since Independence. History is witness to many possible benefits of betrayal: OBC groups” (Nov. 20, 2018) erroneously said Shiv Sena
Ludhiana, Punjab Religious pilgrimages can distressing examples. India medicinal cannabis. MLAs protested against the grant of Maratha quota under a special
the disease. Odisha’s experience with using public category. Actually, the MLAs were supporting the grant of the
health education as a tool and reaching out to remote revive commerce and the needs to be on guard against Saheli Mukherjee,
quota.
■ That Pakistan Prime economy. certain elements present in Kolkata
populations with advice needs to be replicated. Given A Sports page story titled “Sonia Chahal scripts a grand fight to
Minister Imran Khan would Santhosh Mathew, Pakistan having a likely
that emerging resistance to treatment has been report do a groundbreaking Puducherry influence on pilgrims and Mary Kom
reach summit clash’ (Nov. 24, 2018.) said; “The 21yearold’s entry
into the title clash made sure that more than one Indian was in the
ed in Myanmar, among other countries in this belt, ceremony for the corridor on attempts at disrupting The indomitable spirit of finals after 2006 and fans will look forward to Mary Kom and So
there is a need for a coordinated approach to rid November 28 and the ■ The slight thaw in relations, communal harmony. Such a Mary Kom, the legendary nia’s final bouts on Saturday.” The correct year is 2014.
southern Asia of malaria. statement on the Sikh made possible by the idea of strategy was evident recently pugilist, deserves praise. Her The Readers’ Editor’s office can be contacted by Telephone: +91-44-28418297/28576300;
community being welcome the Kartarpur corridor, is a when Indian officials were exploits in the ring are a E-mail:readerseditor@thehindu.co.in
CM A ND-NDE
YK
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THE HINDU
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2018
NOIDA/DELHI
OPED 9
Touchstone of the Republic

FROM THE READERS’ EDITOR
The unity of India is sustained by the Constitution and not by any particular faith
What’s in a name?
principles... are not socialistic in
We need to interrogate some words for their pejorative
their direction and in their content, I connotations
fail to understand what more social
ism can be.” The Directive Principles are connected to the Jarawa on the basis of
must be followed in letter and spirit physical, as well as linguistic similarities, re
when rising levels of income inequal searchers say. Based on carbon dating of
D. Raja ity perpetuate other inequalities. kitchen middens by the Anthropological Sur
Liberalisation, globalisation and vey of India, Sentinelese presence was con
The adoption of the Constitution on privatisation have further exacerbat firmed in the islands to 2,000 years ago. Ge
November 26, 1949 by the Consti ed the problem of unequal access to A.S. Panneerselvan nome studies indicate that the Andaman
tuent Assembly was a historic mo basic opportunities. As President tribes could have been on the islands even
ment that laid the foundation for a K.R. Narayanan said in his speech on 30,000 years ago.”
sovereign, socialist, secular, demo the eve of Republic Day in 2000, The crucial difference between technology
cratic republic. The Constitution pro “Our threeway fast lane of liberalisa companies and news organisations came out The use of the term tribe
vides a framework for good gover tion, privatisation and globalisation in an unambiguous manner over the last Some people objected to the use of the word
nance based on law and must provide safe pedestrian cross fortnight. Two instances clearly showed that ‘tribe’ to describe the Sentinelese. Poet Ran
jurisprudence. ings for the unempowered India also, platform companies, despite their financial jit Hoskote tweeted: “I’m appalled that many
so that it too can move towards muscle, have few moral and ethical resourc of us still use the contested and demeaning
Finding a place ‘equality of status and opportunity’.” es to deal with diversity, contentious issues term ‘tribe’, with its baggage of colonial tax
From its first meeting on December The manner in which constitu and public discourse on such issues. The onomy and early, invasive anthropology
9, 1946 till the completion of its work tional objectives are being deliber first was a major investigation by The New (perhaps I should say “primitive anthropolo
and adoption of the Constitution, the ately ignored by the present govern York Times headlined, “Delay, Deny and De gy”) while discussing the predicament of
Constituent Assembly had to work in ment in pursuit of the goals set by flect: How Facebook’s Leaders Fought such communities as the Sentinelese peo
a politically turbulent environment. various corporates reminds me of Through Crisis”. The second was how Twit ple.” Some readers wanted to know what
Some may not know that B.R. Am Ambedkar’s warning in his last ter handled the controversy of was wrong in the use of the term.
bedkar did not find a place among speech in the Constituent Assembly. its CEO Jack Dorsey’s interac Nomenclature is a political act.
JARAWA. HANDOUT PHOTO

the 296 members initially sent to the He said that if political parties put tion with a group of women There has been effective criticism
Constituent Assembly. Only the with creed ahead of the interests of the journalists, activists and organ against the term ‘tribal’ from Africa,
drawal of Jogendra Nath Mandal, “Ambedkar had warned that even without altering the Constitution, country, then we would stand to lose isers in New Delhi. While the for instance. Anthropologist Mi
who was nominated from East Ben administrators could use their powers to subvert it.” The President of the our independence forever. former showed how inadequate chael Olen wrote: “The term tribe
gal, paved the way for Ambedkar to Constituent Assembly, Rajendra Prasad, signing the full text of the internal structures led to the has never satisfied anthropologists,
enter the Constituent Assembly. On Constitution in New Delhi in 1949. THE HINDU ARCHIVES *
Protecting the idea of India manipulation of democratic because of its many uses and con
June 3, 1947, Lord Mountbatten, the Ambedkar had warned that even processes in the U.S. presiden notations. Societies that are classi
Viceroy of India, announced the Par Partition witnessed huge trage Ambedkar defined the Indian without altering the Constitution, ad tial elections and the Brexit referendum, the fied as tribal seem to be very diverse in their
tition of India. Bengal and Punjab dies: HinduMuslim clashes and kill state as a welfare state in a society ministrators could subvert it using controversy in India erupted over Mr. Dorsey organisation, having little in common.”
were to be divided. Ambedkar ings, migration of large numbers of that is stratified by caste and deeply their powers, causing it to collapse. holding a poster that read, “Smash Brah Some scholars argue that if the term ‘tribe’
ceased to be a member of the Consti people, and the assassination of mired in structural forms of inequal We need to address such problems, manical Patriarchy”. accurately conveys and clarifies truths better
tuent Assembly when India was Gandhi. Ambedkar remained firm ities. The state, he said, should strive which have assumed the proportion than other words, even if they are hard and
partitioned. that “the destiny of the country “to secure to all its citizens, Justice, of a crisis today. We need to defend The importance of selfreflection unpleasant truths, we should use it. But
Given the dependence of the As ought to count for everything”. He Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.” the Constitution and cultivate consti News organisations are accountable to the some also contend that the term is vague and
sembly on Ambedkar, who had done did not compromise with divisive The way the Constitution was tutional morality. In Kerala, for in public, they provide attribution in their sto confusing.
extraordinary work, Rajendra Prasad communal forces. He stoutly reject drafted and the way Ambedkar ex stance, we are seeing people being ries and have established rules of engage How can journalists describe a group of
and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel took ef ed the idea of a Hindu Rashtra. He plained the provisions enshrined in mobilised to prevent the implemen ment. All this ensures that they report on people who have been officially categorised
forts to get him elected from Bombay warned that if at all Hindu Rashtra it brought out its secular and socialist tation of the Supreme Court judg multiple issues without being bulldozed by using objectionable words is the question.
Presidency. It was only then that Am became a reality, it would be a calam contents. They are of abiding signifi ment that allows women to enter the intolerant sections. On the other hand, plat The Government of India has categorised the
bedkar was immediately reinducted ity for the nation. He rejected the cance in our time when communal Sabarimala temple. This is a violation form companies need to understand the Sentinelese as “Particularly Vulnerable Tri
as a member of the Constituent As idea of a theocratic state and a presi and fascist forces have created a of the law and the Constitution. The rules of public engagement, which go bal Groups” along with the Onges, the Jara
sembly. By that time he was already dential form of government. He be counter culture that endangers the leaders of the ruling party are openly beyond metrics and algorithms. They can was, the Great Andamanese and the Shom
Law Minister in the Cabinet headed lieved in the idea of a republic and Constitution itself. The way the In making statements which are incon learn a lesson or two from responsible media pens of the Great Nicobar. This is a
by Jawaharlal Nehru, who had wanted India to be a secular state. dian state is emerging as a neoliberal sistent with the constitutional organisations on these issues. This requires progressive change from its earlier classifica
moved the Objectives Resolution that state goes against the socialist feature scheme of governance. Let us be reflection and contemplation — being self tion of them as “Primitive Tribal Groups”. In
defined the aims of the Constituent Challenge to the Constitution of our Constitution. When Professor mindful of the fact that the unity and critical is a virtue and not a sign of weakness. the case of Africa, given its strong antiapar
Assembly. Historians point out that Today there is an open challenge to K.T. Shah moved an amendment on integrity of India are sustained by the A debate has been playing out online over theid struggle, the term ‘tribe’ has given way
Mahatma Gandhi, who knew about the Constitution. The Rashtriya November 15, 1948 to insert the Constitution and not by any particu the use of the word ‘tribe’ by the media, and to different words such as ethnic group, na
Ambedkar’s excellent work in the Swayamsevak Sangh, Vishva Hindu words “secular, federal, socialist” in lar faith. Constitutional values com this calls for discussion and selfreflection. tion, people, community, chiefdom, kin
Constituent Assembly and in various Parishad, Bajrang Dal, Bharatiya Ja to the Constitution, his proposal was bined with the civilisational values of This happened after John Allen Chau, an group and village with the focus on empirical
other committees, was keen that Am nata Party and Shiv Sena are all com vetoed. Ambedkar said that the Di acceptance and tolerance are the American national, was killed by the protect accuracy and intellectual honesty. We need
bedkar head the Drafting Commit peting and coordinating with one rective Principles of State Policy need of the hour to defend the idea ed Sentinelese in North Sentinel Island in the to interrogate some words for their pejora
tee. On August 30, 1947, the Drafting another to achieve their agenda of were declared to be fundamental in of India. In undermining the Consti Andaman and Nicobar region. The Hindu tive connotations. Journalism does not have
Committee formally met and unani converting the Indian secular state the governance of our country. In tution, we are undermining and di carried an explainer on the Sentinelese answers to many questions. But unlike the
mously elected Ambedkar as the into a Hindu Rashtra. They have be other words, the socialist contents minishing the very idea of India. which read: “The Sentinelese, a negrito tribe ostrichlike responses from the Silicon Valley
Chairman of the Drafting Committee. come desperate and aggressive in enshrined in the Directive Principles who live on the North Sentinel Island of the giants, it grapples with contentious issues.
Thereby he became the prime archi their pursuit to subvert the must be the guiding force for gover D. Raja is National Secretary, Communist Andamans, have not faced incursions and re
tect of the Constitution. Constitution. nance. He said, “If these directive Party of India, and Member of Parliament main hostile to outsiders. The inhabitants readerseditor@thehindu.co.in
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
SINGLE FILE FROM ARCHIVES
Pursuing Lashkar-e-Taiba FIFTY YEARS AGO NOVEMBER 26, 1968
The U.S. has sought to pressure Armed attack by Marxists

Pakistan over the terror group but the About 200 Marxistled agricultural workers are reported to
have attacked the office of a big landlord in Kuttanad (Alleppey
fundamental problem remains District) today [November 25]. According to the report the at
tackers were armed with lethal weapons like daggers, knives,
Michael Kugelman
lathis, sticks and countrymade guns. It is stated that the work
Today, on the 10th anniversary of the ers went in two country boats to Chitrapuram lake, an area be
Mumbai terror attacks, it is worth con longing to Mr. Murickan, the landlord. They entered his office,
sidering how U.S. policy towards the damaged some articles there and also threw paddy, crude oil,
HAFIZ SAEED. AFP
LashkareTaiba (LeT) has evolved over etc. into the nearby lake. A son of Mr. Murickan who was in the
the last decade. The conventional wis office at that time managed to escape and took shelter in a
dom is that the Afghanistan war has nearby church. The workers were reported to have pelted
compelled Washington to give more at stones at the church also. Soon after, when Mr. Murickan came
tention to Afghanistanfocussed mili to the scene with his men, the Marxists ran away, and while re
tants in Pakistan than to the LeT and other Indiaoriented ji treating fired three rounds in the air.
hadists. This is accurate to an extent — and especially today.
Senior administration officials often emphasise that U.S. A HUNDRED YEARS AGO NOVEMBER 26, 1918.
President Donald Trump’s top foreign policy priority is to
protect American lives. With 15,000 U.S. troops in Afghanis Famine in Bombay.
tan, the Taliban is a much more clear and present danger to
American lives than the LeT and its Indiafocussed ilk. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC The Government have under consideration the question of
Still, the U.S. hasn’t exactly sidelined the LeT issue. And formal declaration of the existence of scarcity or famine in
DATA POINT tracts of the [Bombay] presidency affected by the failure of
one wouldn’t expect it to. This is an organisation with Amer
ican connections and enablers, including the infamous Da monsoon. Measures which are required to be taken by Collec
vid Headley. And it killed six Americans in Mumbai. tors and other officers on first warnings of scarcity including
The U.S. government has sought to pressure Pakistan ov liberal distribution of takair, institution of enquiries for sus
er the LeT in ways that go beyond its formal designation of pension of revenue, test works for distribution of gratuitous
the LeT as a foreign terrorist organisation in 2001, and the relief, etc., have been adopted. Although observations of dis
$10 million bounty it put on Hafiz Saeed in 2012. Jason Blaza trict officers and results obtained by the institution of test
kis, a top State Department counterterrorism official bet works have not as yet disclosed anywhere a general preva
ween 2008 and 2018, recently wrote of U.S. attempts to get lence of distress among the people, the failure of crops in cer
the UN to designate individual LeT members as terrorists. tain areas had been so complete and the pressure of high pric
Such efforts fell short, given China’s opposition. Early this es so severe that it is evident that sooner or later distress in a
year, however, the Financial Action Task Force penalised Is more or less acute form will appear and that even if the main
lamabad for failing to curb the finances of the LeTaffiliated tenance of regular relief works does not become necessary,
JamaatudDawah. Additionally, China has signed on to distribution of gratuitous relief on a considerable scale and
BRICS and Heart of Asia declarations condemning the LeT. other relief measures will have to be resorted to.
In April, the State Department designated the LeT’s newest
affiliate, Milli Muslim League, as a terrorist organisation. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
True, such moves have done little to address the funda
mental problem: the LeT, its various front organisations, CONCEPTUAL
and many of its top leaders enjoy relative freedom in Pakis Rational choice theory
tan, and Pakistani legal action against the Mumbai perpetra
Sociology
tors remains limited. Nonetheless, impelled in great part by
counterterrorism imperatives, the U.S.India defence part This refers to a model of human behaviour which states that
nership continues to grow. Indeed, the Mumbai attacks are a people act the way they do because they believe that the be
tragic yet powerful symbol of the shared threat of terrorism nefits of their actions will be higher than the associated costs.
that brings the two nations together. U.S.India counterter Proponents of the theory believe that people act in such a way
rorism cooperation is poised to increase. that they are able to maximise their benefits while minimising
This isn’t to say Washington is about to start raining their costs. A person committing a crime, for instance, will
drones down on antiIndia militant facilities in Pakistan. But likely weigh the benefits and costs of such action. Rational
there are other ways America can help India. Recent bilater choice theory, since it tries to model the general behaviour of
al deals have paved the way for more intelligence sharing, individuals within any particular society, can be used to ex
arms sales, and technology transfers. Rumours persist that plain wider phenomena across any society.
America may soon provide India with drone technologies.
Such cooperation could go a long way towards helping CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
3
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
strengthen India’s capacities to preempt and tackle terro
rist threats and reducing the likelihood of another 26/11.
MORE ON THE WEB
Photo story |Remembering 26/11: Images from then and now
The writer is Deputy Director and Senior Associate for South Asia with the
Asia Programme at the Woodrow Wilson International Centre for
Scholars, Washington, DC http://bit.ly/2611ThenvsNow
CM A ND-NDE
YK
https://t.me/pdf4exams https://www.estore33.com/ ��
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone_official
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10 DEMOCRACY AT WORK
>
MUMBAI | 25 NOVEMBER 2018 1
DID THEY REALLY SAY THAT?

CHATTERBOX
A third attempt not allowed CHECKLIST

Much is said about chemistry and mathematics in Indian elections. Congress President
Rahul Gandhi is applying some principles of statistics too. He has made a rule that any can-
CUT AND THRUST: CAMPAIGN SPEECHES
didate who has lost twice from a constituency will not be re-nominated. The Karnataka Rahul Gandhi in Madhya Pradesh: “When I Indian culture and traditions, far and wide. But I
assembly elections saw this being enunciated first when top party leader Veerappa Moily speak about mid-day meals, e-tendering and feel a deep sense of anguish when I see leaders
sought a nomination for a candidate who was his protégé and Gandhi asked Moily how he the coal mining scam, why doesn’t Shivraj Singh of the Congress abuse the same traditions.”
could guarantee the victory of a person who had lost the election twice from the same con- Chouhan talk about defamation? Because Amit Shah in Chhattisgarh: "The Opposition is
stituency? All senior leaders have been asked to submit a list of constituencies where they Chouhan is at the centre of all these scams. When suffering from Narendra Modi phobia. It just
believe they can win the seat for their party. This is a gentle reality check of the standing of the Congress comes to power, it will set up a want to get rid of Modi from the prime minister's
Congress leaders: This data will be compared to the actual outcome. Leaders have also been network of food processing plants where farmers post, while we want to get rid of poverty,
asked to submit the voting pattern in their booths before demanding ministerial berths. can get a better price for their crops and youth insecurity and air pollution, among others."
get employment opportunities.” Rahul Gandhi in Chhattisgarh: “Modiji promised
Not many to eat biryani Amit Shah in Madhya Pradesh: "Rahul baba ‘achhe din’ and people waited for four years. Later
A function in Patna organised on the day of Eid by the Janata Dal (United)’s or JD(U)’s shouts about farmers. Has Rahul baba ever taken people called him a liar. Modiji is unable to come
minorities cell saw not just empty seats but also a lot of leftover biryani. The party had the reins of a bull for ploughing ? During your out with the truth. If you ask Anil Ambani, Nirav
organised cooking of nearly 600 kg of mutton biryani and served it to the invitees at a (Congress) reign, farmers were beaten up for Modi and Vijay Mallya about achhe din, they say
get-together. Around 1,500 people were to attend. However, there were a number of emp- "Everybody wants construction of Lord Ram's availing urea. Modi government shut down the they’re here. However, people say the chowkidar is
temple. I feel that now Muslims also want that
ty seats. A fracas started when former IAS officer and JD(U) leader, R C P Singh start- temple should be constructed. But since the case black market, through neem coating the urea. Now a thief. The biggest scam is demonetisation. If the
ed speaking. People kicked up a ruckus and he got so angry that he said“that’s enough”, is still pending in the Supreme Court, it farmers don't have to stand in queue for urea.” aim of demonetisation was to fight black money,
and left midway. Food was served soon after and a lot was of leftover. The organisers (the court) will decide the issue" Narendra Modi in Mizoram: In the last four why were only farmers, labourers and small
said that they had made extra food anticipating gate-crashers. Finally, the leftovers were Raj Babbar, Congress leader at a rally in Uttar Pradesh on years, the BJP government at the Centre has traders seen in queues? Why didn’t we see people
distributed among the destitute and homeless. November 23 worked for the greater recognition and spread of in suits in those queues?”
OPINION
ILLUSTRATION: BINAY SINHA

ulation of the state. We are very certain about could become economically independent. We
getting their wholehearted support. have provided lots of benefits, which is more
MANMOHAN SINGH helpful to them than loan waiver. In the last
Poll pundits are saying there is anti- year alone, we have given benefits worth ~320
A nation without
incumbency this time and the Congress has billion to farmers under various schemes. We
an edge. Your take? have started the Krishak Rin Samadhan
We have performed exceptionally well in every Yojana to solve the problem of agricultural
well-functioning
aspect of governance. We have changed the loans and provided loans at a zero per cent
lives of millions of people. We have worked for interest rate. We are committed to covering
the welfare of the weaker sections of society. I the input cost for the small and marginal
institutions is
assure you that there is “pro-incumbency” and farmers, for which we have promised a
not “anti- incumbency” in the state. scheme in our manifesto.
We started the Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana
The Congress has pitched Kamal Nath, to protect them against price risk. We bought
bound to fail Jyotiraditya Scindia and Digvijaya Singh

against you. From the BJP, you are the only
face. Is it you versus the rest of them?
onions last year at ~8/kg when prices hit rock
bottom. There is a wave of happiness
and satisfaction among the farmers of
I
deem it to be my privilege to address this august audience It’s not me versus them, it’s the Raja-Maharaja- Madhya Pradesh.
being concerned with peace, harmony and happiness of the Dhanraja trio versus the people of Madhya
humankind. I appreciate the Pranab Mukherjee Foundation Pradesh. It’s Bimaru versus Samriddh Madhya Industrial growth has been another concern
and the Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development Pradesh and I am sure that the people of the in Madhya Pradesh. How do you plan to
for organising this national conference on such an important state, aspiring to a Samriddh address that if the BJP comes
theme which is not only having contemporary relevance but shall Madhya Pradesh, are bound to back to power?
remain relevance for times to come. I learn that the organisers have win. We are planning to set up
decided to organise a series of such conferences across India. In my more factories and industries
opinion, deliberation and debate on this theme was long overdue. The Congress manifesto has in the state. We are in the top
In fact there is a strong need to build a movement around the promised a lot for the cow. 10 in “ease of doing business”.
theme of the conference. This would be possible only by bringing Maaf karo Maharaj, hamara neta toh Shivraj is the BJP's slogan in Madhya Pradesh this election. In a Congress President Rahul We have created an industry-
this theme into public debate and discourse. state where politics has been traditionally dominated by former kings — Digvijaya Singh was chief Gandhi has been visiting friendly ecosystem in MP with
It is often said that happiness is a state of mind and there are minister (CM) of Madhya Pradesh for 10 years, the late Congress stalwart Madhavrao Scindia hailed from temples across the country. our new policy initiatives. In
SHIVRAJ SINGH CHOUHAN
numerous anecdotes in history which support this viewpoint. here, and his son Jyotiraditya is a CM hopeful if the Congress comes to power — SHIVRAJ SINGH CHOUHAN, How far do you feel the the past 15 years, an unprece-
Chief Minister of
However, the state of mind and happiness are not independent of 59, is a people's CM. But after 15 years, acute agrarian crisis, joblessness, women's safety issues, is he Congress has been successful dented ~2 trillion investment
Madhya Pradesh
the socio-cultural, religious, economic and political environment. still the man Madhya Pradesh wants? In an interview with Himani Kothari, Chouhan says he expects in branding itself as a took shape in MP. More than
In the Indian context it is all the more complex as India represents nothing less than an absolute majority. Edited excerpts: Hindu party? And will that 668,000 micro, small and
an ancient civilisation and a composite culture. The very idea of affect the BJP? medium enterprises were established, serving
India is revolving around ‘unity in diversity’ and ‘diversity in uni- The Congress did nothing for the protection of as self-employment and employment gener-
ty’. The Constitution of India binds the citizens of India into a sec-
ular, liberal and democratic value system... It should always be
remembered that India is multi-cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-
lingual country. However, there are certain forces which are tak-
ing advantage of such diversity and pose a threat to the unity of the
‘It’s the royals vs the cow in the last 60 years. Now during the ation centres in MP. Many big industries are
time of elections, with the intent to misguide showing an interest in setting up plants in
the people, they are trying to become gau- the state. I assure you that MP will set record
bhakts (cow worshippers). It is well known that industrial growth in the coming years.
the BJP is the only party which works for the
the people of MP’

country. protection of cows. We must not forget it’s the There is a sense that the Centre’s steps like
In a multi-religious society, communal harmony is very impor- Congress that coined the term “Hindu terror”. demonetisation and the goods and services
tant for citizens to lead a life free from fear, anxiety and uncertainty. Congress rebranding itself is just like a cat going tax (GST) and also its inability to bring down
It reminds me one of Rabindranath Tagore’s famous poem (‘Where to haj after slaying a hundred mice. petrol prices has hurt you in the state. Your
the mind is without fear’) from Gitanjaliin which he wished to have comments.
a truly free country where every person is fearless and has a sense The farmer agitation in MP had made Demonetisation and the GST are two impor-
of self dignity. Attempts at communal polarisation create an The BJP has a separate manifesto for women Even when I was not holding any key post in national headlines last year. Has their tant steps taken by the Central government for
atmosphere of fear, anxiety and uncertainty. There are various in Madhya Pradesh. Women have the government, I used to facilitate the wedding condition improved? the welfare of the people. We will get fruitful
types of economic and non-economic factors which give rise to traditionally voted for you. Do you feel this of young girls. My father and my grandfather There was no farmer agitation in Madhya results in the coming days. These steps will
fears, anxieties and uncertainties. We time also you will get their support? had supported the weddings of several girls in Pradesh. Whatever happened in Mandsaur strengthen the economy and take the country
India is a must diagnose the underlying reasons Why not? My connect with the women of the our village. It is a tradition for us. That’s the rea- last year was a localised non-farmer issue. We several steps ahead.
multi-cultural, behind such a scenario and move for- state is not political, it is emotional. With me son we have released a separate manifesto for have done remarkable work in agriculture
multi-ethnic and ward to translate the conflict and anger contesting election, it is their brother, their them. Our intention is to achieve the highest and for the welfare of farmers. I am working How many seats will you give the BJP in MP
multi-lingual into peace, harmony and happiness. son, their uncle (mama, as the CM is fondly level in terms of women empowerment and constantly to strengthen the financial condi- this time?
country. However, That would require transparency, hon- called) going to the polls. It’s our duty to take development. The performance of our govern- tion of farmers by providing agricultural tools We have set a target of 200 seats and I am sure
there are certain esty, probity and truthfulness in public care of our mothers, sisters and daughters. ment has inspired the faith of the female pop- and facilities so that through farming they that we will win more than that.
forces which are life.
taking advantage of Tagore wanted a nation where peo-
such diversity and ple are truthful. Significantly, truth is
E-waste: It needs to be addressed urgently

pose a threat to the fundamental to all the religions. Guru
unity of the country Nanak, the founder of Sikh religion, says,
“Truth is high but higher still is truthful
living”. Mahatma Gandhi did not want any division among peo-
ple based on their caste, creed, colour and religion or baseless
superstitions. He firmly believed that communal harmony was
essential for the freedom and growth of India. ‘Manas ki jaat sab-
Discarded items such as phones, computers, refrigerators,and TVs contain substances that can be harmful to
he eke pehchanbo’ is the underlying message of the Sikh religion. the environment and to those who handle such e-waste for their livelihood, writes Aparna Banerjea
Sir Muhammad Iqbal (widely known as Allama Iqbal) very
aptly said, “Mazhab nahi sikhata aapas mein bair rakhna”.
T
he infusion of more smart- Mustafabad, both in Delhi. Esta-
Mahatma Gandhi was convinced that masses do not want to fight, phones, computers and other blished in 2017, its services include
if the leaders do not. Unfortunately, the use of religion, caste and electronics into the con- collection and awareness of e-waste.
other such factors by the political parties to advance their politi- sumer market has made India The organisation has partnered
cal interests and capture power can create an atmosphere of hate world’s fourth-largest producer of with offices, government institution,
and division among religious and caste groups. Such an environ- electronic waste or e-waste, accord- school, universities, and hospitals to
ment poses a serious challenge to the peaceful transition and ing to the Global E-Waste Monitor's set up community awareness pro-
transformation. It is in this context that the saner elements in the 2017 report. grammes across the country.
society need to unite and counter the evil designs of those forces Also, India is the second-largest Awareness regarding e-waste
that are bent upon to disrupt the peace, harmony and happiness. smartphone market in the world. management is one of the most
The well-functioning institutions of governance are a necessary With over 650 million mobile important goals of Karo Sambhav.
condition to maintain peace and harmony. Besides, the institutions phones in circulation, including Pranshu Agarwal, the founder of
must be impartial, objective and should function for the benefit of 300 million smartphones, over 25 Karo Sambhav, stresses the need for
all sections of society. Unfortunately, integrity of major institutions per cent of them end up as e-waste a behavioural shift in the mindset of
faces many challenges. The deterioration of the institutions annually, the report stated. This is the citizens when it comes to han-
adversely affects the functioning of various organs of the state and generating a massive pile of e-waste, dling e-waste and says this can be
in eroding their credibility. Such a situation can create chaos in soci- which, if not disposed of or recy- achieved through awareness pro-
ety, economy and polity. A nation without well-functioning insti- cled properly, can cause several grammes conducted at several lev-
tutions is bound to fail. environmental and health risks. els ranging, from schools to repair
To maintain secular character of all the institutions (judiciary, Discarded laptops, refrigerators, shops. “If we have to bring a larger
executive and legislature) is a pre-requisite for peace and harmo- sensors, and TVs, too, contain sub- shift to society and make it aware of
ny and a violence free transition and transformation. Eventually, stances that can be extremely harm- how to responsibly treat e-waste,
it is the responsibility of the political and religious leadership, civ- ful to the environment and to those then corporations should work
il society, intelligentsia and the media to uphold the Constitution who handle such e-waste more responsibly. Even
and the integrity of institutions. When the institutions start devi- for their livelihood with- at individual level, there
ating from a just discharge of their constitutional responsibilities out proper knowledge. should be accountability
and knowingly or unknowingly fall prey to the extra-constitu- Mostly, e-waste is neither for managing e-waste."
tional powers and non-state actors then there is a danger of vio- properly documented nor Moreover, when it
lence entering into the process of transition and transformation. treated through appro- comes to e-waste man- E-waste kept in Delhi’s Seelampur area, one of India’s largest dumping sites of such items
In fact equality, liberty, freedom, fraternity and secularism are priate recycling chains. agement and its treat-
the vital pillars of Indian democracy. The nurturing and strength- Recognising the ment, it is important to product, I sell them various corpo- health problems." To bring transparency to the sys-
ening of these pillars is the necessary condition even for imagin- immediate dangers of know that the largest rate and e-waste recycling hubs." To mitigate such health issues tem of collection and treatment of
ing a peaceful and harmonious transition to transformation. this harmful waste and THE OTHER market for buying and Ashraf understands the health that arise from mishandling of e- e-waste, Karo Sambhav has
Indian society, economy and polity have experienced multi- the need for its proper selling remains in the risks that are faced while treating waste, Karo Sambhav helps these e- launched a mobile application.
dimensional tensions and strains since independence... The disposal, Karo Sambhav, a INDIA informal sector. the waste. “There is a lot of pollution waste aggregators by buying e- Individuals via the app can request
country is still grappling with multi-pronged socio-cultural and producer responsibility The job of e-waste generated from burning of circuit waste items in one-piece and Karo Sambhav to collect their e-
politico-economic challenges... It necessitates effective public organisation (PRO), is handlers is not just tough boards to extract elements. It defi- sending them to recycling units waste, irrespective of the quantity or
policy interventions for the empowerment of the people for mak- working to enable a sustainable and but also life-threatening. They nitely causes a lot of health prob- located in Chennai, Delhi, Noida weight, from a pick-up location and
ing them effective partners in development. This is because ben- systemic transformation of India’s work with electronic products, lems such as asthma, severe and Bengaluru. also track its recycling process. The
efits of growth in a market-driven economy do not trickle down e-waste sector. It offers producers prise them apart, put them through migraines etc. Unfortunately, this Another goal of the organisation app connects waste pickers, repair
automatically. Economic growth and development is a neces- (including importers) and manu- acid wash, and also burn circuit is how we earn our livelihood and is bringing these people to the for- shops, and waste aggregators.
sary condition but not a sufficient one for having peace, harmony facturers of electronics and electri- board all with bare hands and in our earnings are paltry depending mal sector. "We create collection With an end-to-end value chain
and happiness in the society. The problem arises when necessary cal equipment (EEE) a range of serv- open environment. They also totally on how much we are able to channels and networks primarily for management of e-waste, the
condition has the seeds of promoting discontent and clash of ices to fulfil their Extended dump harmful chemicals extracted dismantle and sell." for the e-waste pickers and aggre- organisation is working closely
interest among different socio-cultural and economic groups. Producer Responsibility (EPR) obli- from printer inks and batteries into Another seller with his shop gators and help build their skill sets with MNCs such as Apple, Lenovo,
Empowering the underprivileged and marginalised people with gations under the E-Waste water drains. close to Ashraf's mentioned how and capacities. We help them Dell and HP. It also focuses heavily
education, skill and good health is an important means to make (Management) Rules, 2016. Ashraf, an e-water aggregator just a few days back a person was become a part of the formal sector, on engaging citizens in proper
the people partners in growth and development. Having a presence in 29 states and who has a shop in Seelampur, said, admitted to the hospital with a educate and guide them on how to treatment of e-waste throughout
three Union Territories, this organi- “I have been in this business since I brain tumour, but he added," We open bank accounts, pay GST, the country. Till now it has suc-
Edited excerpts from a speech of former prime minister Manmohan Singh sation manages helps treat e-waste was 16. I buy from sellers and waste have no other option but to work in obtain e-way bills and facilitate their cessfully kept 3,000 MTs of e-waste
at the valedictory function of the national conference on “Towards Peace, dumped in India’s two biggest dump- pickers (kabadiwallas) at flexible such hazardous conditions and business in the formal sector," away from the landfill for responsi-
Harmony and Happiness: Transition to Transformation” on November 24 ing sites — Seelampur and rates and after dismantling the hope we do not face such serious Pranshu added. ble recycling.
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08 OPINION THE TRIBUNE

CHANDIGARH | MONDAY | 26 NOVEMBER 2018
So it may never happen again...

THE TRIBUNE established in 1881
Centre-State synergy is needed between police and Intel agencies to combat terror
ty. Hence, they changed their organi-
sational structure to bring in diverse
elements into the CT dialogue. Prior
Only Brahmins right? to 9/11, domestic terrorism from hate

groups was dealt with by the police
and international terrorism by the
Rajasthan Cong leader reveals deep-seated complexes FBI. After 9/11, they realised that this
could be countered only through joint
C
P JOSHI had once contrived to lose an election by one vote VAPPALA BALACHANDRAN
efforts and adopted a multi-agency
when he was the front-runner for the Rajasthan CM’s post. This EX-SPECIAL SECRETARY, CABINET model through joint task forces locat-
time when the Congress apparently stands a good chance of SECRETARIAT
ed in 104 centres. The same pattern is
pulling off a win in Rajasthan, the veteran’s immoderation may have more or less followed by the UK.
T
disqualified him from the contest even before the votes are cast. A livid HE November 26, 2008, In addition, they created public-pri-
Rahul Gandhi arm-twisted Joshi to withdraw his statement that ‘only Mumbai attack was as signif- vate partnership in key areas. In
Brahmins know about Hindu religion’ while questioning the authori- icant in the annals of global India this pattern is not followed
ty of non-Brahmins Narendra Modi, Uma Bharti and Sadhvi Ritham- terrorism as 9/11, which saw despite 26/11 committee’s recom-
bara in the context of their campaign for the Ram temple. Joshi in one planes used for the first time as terror mendations. All responsibility is on
stroke demolished two cardinal principles that define Independent weapon. The assaults (26/11) on six the overworked state police.
locations were the first ‘streaming’ Government and private groups
India: all humans are created equal and religion is a personal and indi-
assaults controlled from abroad when LESSON LOST: Enhanced cooperation and research is missing in the India story. should be encouraged to set up dedi-
vidualistic affair that allows believers to find their own answers.
Lashkar leadership utilised India’s cated centres for studying terrorism.
Joshi ought to be aware that the practice of upper-caste priests,
mostly Brahmins, trying to manage society by their stranglehold over
free visual media for escalating or Being a State subject, security is a police concern. But for However, governments have not
diverting attacks. It also inspired the thought of sharing terrorism-related
religious rituals began to be progressively loosened with the arrival of IS to use the same methodology at six an effective counter-terror dialogue, government-state data with any private group or univer-
the British. The 2014 elections in particular dealt a body blow to this tra-
ditional preserve with the political emergence of a new breed of sadhus
places in Paris in 2015. and public-private participation is imperative. sity. Researchers have to depend
But there is a world of difference upon media reports. For calibrating
and sadhvis, other than the names he mentioned from the non-Brah- how these attacks were followed up any meaningful counter-terrorist
minical fold. The enhanced political competition by the non-Brahmins by us and other governments. The US government has rectified this anom- gence agencies to penetrate jihadi methodology, it would be necessary to
would have been a cause for irritation for Joshi rather than his inno- Department of Homeland Security aly. All legal roadblocks to centralised groups. Stephen Tankel, a well-known have research data.
cence of caste dynamics, as was the case with the Twitter official. publishes yearly updates on imple- CT management were removed by authority on LeT, says that since 2002, A 2010 research into 86 attacks in the
If at all the Hindutva brigade is to be halted, it is by pointing out their menting 9/11 commission recommen- the US Congress by amending laws US agencies were documenting regu- US, by Duke University’s Homeland
un-Hindu tendencies, chief of which is their strategy of coercion, a sure- dations. Their congressional commit- within 46 days after 9/11. lar meetings between Lashkar and Security Solutions revealed that 18
tees hold annual hearings on new Neither our National Security the ISI. Why could we not know what took place (including 9/11) while 68
shot recipe for chaos and civil disharmony. It is the task of political India
threats and preparations by Counter Council nor Central intelligence they were planning? We could have were foiled. Only 13 were detected
to dismantle the inequality by birth of different communities within
Terrorist (CT) machinery. US think agencies have any legal responsibili- strengthened coastal security and through advance intelligence, 20 by
Hinduism. Joshi and his party may win the election, but his prescriptive tanks also publish assessments. ty to prevent terrorism. The Modi resistance capability. vigilant public, 15 by police and 20 by
approach falls short of that ideal and is no different from that being French Parliamentary Commission government came to power on ‘mus- Intelligence alone can’t prevent federal agencies. Another research by
espoused by his rivals who want one size to fit all. His world view of recommended US-style National cular response’ to terror but has not terrorism. No agency has been able the Heritage Foundation in 2011
priestly patriarchy as the sole arbiter of matters of religion seems to emu- Counter-Terrorism Centre (NCTC) to set up an effective agency to coordi- to pin-point the timing of any major revealed that 39 terror plots were foiled
late the cloak of uniformity Hindutva seeks to impose. coordinate their intelligence agencies nate or advise state police on new attack in recent history. Surprise is since 9/11 due to domestic and interna-
reporting to different ministries. trends in terrorism. The entire legal the keyword of terrorism. Bureau- tional cooperation, as well as efforts in
In India, the Centre did not consti- responsibility rests on our fragment- cracy in any country is inelastic by tracking down terror leads among
tute any inquiry, despite serious ed police system. Also, except for following only linear thinking. For local communities. Bruce Hoffman in
Cracking down on child porn national security lapses. The state-

appointed committee was given only
a limited mandate. We gave 26 recom-
verbal propaganda, there is no offi-
cial report to update the public
whether the promised coordination
them, past experience is the only
guide to organise preventive
methodology. After 26/11, the efforts
his book Inside Terrorism has said
only ‘strong confidence-building ties
with the communities from which ter-
Proposals to amend POCSO widens the net mendations on better intelligence between the Coast Guards and of our governments were to build up rorists are most likely to come or hide
and CT management. The report was Coastal police and between the BSF capability against seaborne com- in’ could be the solution. This has
W
ITH India having among the largest population of children suppressed from the public by treat- and state police is actually working. mando attacks. We were surprised been rendered impossible by official or
in the world, it is incumbent on the guardian-State to ensure ing it as ‘top secret’, exhibiting indif- That we are vulnerable is apparent when terrorists changed strategy, semi-official spokespersons of the
dynamic laws that guard its precious resource against viola- ference to 166 victims, including 17 by the November 2018 UNSC’s reverting to hidden bomb attacks in Modi government in Kashmir, the
tion. In an ever-changing environment that puts children at infinite police officers. Only ritualistic obser- Counter-Terrorism Committee Execu- the 2010 Pune German Bakery and hatchery of domestic terrorism, by
risk, the proposals under Section 15 of the Protection of Children vance is done on 26/11 anniversaries, tive Directorate warning that the IS 2011 Mumbai triple attacks. alienating the local community
from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO) are a re-affirmative obligation of with no authoritative updates if we continues to ‘retain thousands of sup- Experience reveals that only expo- through partisan agenda.
the State to keep its promise to its youngest citizens. Under the pro- are safer now. porters who are active online, while nential thinking, analysis and inter-
posals forwarded to the Law Ministry by the Women and Child Devel- The reason: crime, including terror- IS’s online messaging remains effec- pretation of trends could remedy this The writer was a member of a
ism, is ‘State subject’ and the Centre tive for radicalisation, recruitment inelasticity. After 9/11, it was revealed committee set up by Maharashtra
opment Ministry, ‘transmitting, propagating and distributing’ child
has no legal responsibility under and instruction purpose’. Theoretical- that over 100 public and private insti- to inquire into police
pornography material will be made a non-bailable offence, with a
Schedule 7 of our Constitution. No ly, it should be possible for intelli- tutions contributed to national securi- response to 26/11 attacks
five-year prison term, or fine, or both. Repeat offenders would be fac-
ing seven-year incarceration. The strictest punishment, notably, is for
those circulating it for commercial use. Those guilty of not reporting
it will also be liable to punishment. All very welcome measures.
Currently, Section 15 of the 2012 Act underlines a term of maxi-
mum three years. A compelling need for a legal remedy was felt since
about 24 per cent of all children have suffered abuse, most of them,
Pygmy artwork that became giant
sadly, at the hands of persons in the position of trust — close relatives, Balvinder utility project has already started a sculptor. Pictures showing the gigan- paintings of Ajanta are not valued
schools, shelter homes (Muzaffarpur is a case in point) — making the debate among both politicians and tic image from its profile exhibit a for their huge size, but for their per-
crime that much more ghastly. An evolving society can ill afford to
get too comfortable. Laws must be revisited to check them for such
aspects as deterrence, efficacy and speedy trial to keep pace with —
and, ideally, stay a step ahead of — perpetrators of crime.
T HE Statue of Unity, one of the
most expensive dream proj-
ects of PM Modi, was unveiled
with great fanfare. Built at a cost of
the public. While the political debate
focuses more on settling scores, the
common man’s concern is chiefly
on the wasteful expenditure.
perceptible loss of visual weight of
the statue’s lower part in particular.
It should have been visually weighty
enough at its base to give it a monu-
fectly measured melodic renditions.
Similarly, our exquisite miniature
paintings command, despite their
mini size, a high pedestal in the
Rs 3,000 crore, and with a height of One wishes Modi had read the mental feel. annals of world art history.
Before POCSO, the Goa Children’s Act, 2003, was the only legislation
182 m (597 ft), it is being presented famous poem Ozymandias by PB But the statue appears to be very Comparatively speaking, though
addressing child abuse. A more robust Act was essential in the light of pros- as the world’s tallest monument. Shelley that speaks about the weak, to the extent that it gives a the Statue of Unity is double the
ecution loopholes under the relevant IPC Sections. Again, implementation Designed by a 93-year-old well- meaninglessness of such statues. jarring impression, as if the figure is size of the Statue of Liberty, it does
is the golden key. Even those with objectionable images or videos on What- known sculptor, Ram V Sutar, the However, being an artist, though of ready to collapse any time! In fact, not match the monumentality of
sApp may come under the radar, though monitoring it will be a challenge. statue is located on the Sadhu Bet mediocre merit and small stature, I the solid steel of the Iron Man’s the iconic US statue.
The net has justly been cast wide, but the State would be careening on thin river island, facing the Narmada could not digest the visual demerits great persona is also missing from Thus the much talked about giant
ice if speedy execution falls through. With some very vile minds at work, a Dam near Rajpipla in Gujarat. The of this statue. That is why I wonder his stoic expression. Statue of Unity will perhaps be
smartphone in every hand, and Internet a click away, it is for all — not just monument area is spread over why no one is debating on this The aesthetic merit of artworks is remembered, in our otherwise glori-
the State — to guard ferociously the innocence of our children. 20,000 sq m and is surrounded by a important aspect. never assessed by their comparative ous past history of art, as an unartis-
12 sq-km artificial lake. It was unexpected of Ram V Sutar, physical size or weight. For tic pygmy due to its ill proportioned
The exuberant cost of this zero- he being a master and experienced instance, world-renowned wall bodily divisions.
❝ ❞
thought for the day letters to the editor
There is no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation
Hope for a formal treaty the Pakistani authorities. It is a great Unfair political game Reform Haryana Police
of it. — Alfred Hitchcock Apropos ‘Opening Kartarpur corri- cause of concern as the ISI is Refer to ‘Pushing political groups in It is both disgraceful and shocking
dor’ (Nov 24), pilgrimages between engaged in open anti-India seces- JK to the wall’ (Nov 22); in the trouble- to find that STF members are
India and Pakistan are governed by sionist propaganda with visiting torn J&K, democratic norms have for involved in a case of abduction and
the 1974 Protocol on Visits to Reli- Sikh pilgrims. The plan of a corridor long been at the receiving end. Spells extortion (‘When cops turn out-
on this day...100 years ago gious Shrines. Devotees require visa will be fruitful only if Pakistani of democratically elected government laws’, Nov 24). The Haryana Police
to go across the border. The construc- authorities cooperate. are interspersed with Governor’s is long infamous for its patriarchal
tive steps taken by the governments SS PAUL, NADIA rule. The prospective coming together and probity-wanting ways. The
of both countries to open the corridor of the PDP, NC and the Congress has police need immediate reforms to
for unhindered passage devoid of visa prompted the Governor to recom- help it rise professionally above
will go a long way in building confi- Fitting tribute mend the dissolution of the Assembly. extraneous matters. Police com-
lahore,tuesday, november 26, 1918
dence between India and Pakistan. Development on the Kartarpur cor- The only obvious reason for the action plicity in crimes is toxic and
But it comes with a caveat that India ridor could not have come at a more is that this move would have meant should be tackled very seriously,
The Idea of a League of Nations. has to be extremely cautious of the auspicious time than on the eve of the exit of the BJP. Other parties have but not by the police itself.
WHERE and with whom did the idea of a league of nation originate? Some movement of radicals on both sides, the Guru’s birth anniversary. More also stood up against militancy and ABHIMANYU MALIK, JIND
people seem to believe that it originated in America and with President who may try to exploit vulnerability of pleasing is the fact that both coun- making sacrifices. Patriotism is no
Wilson and ex-President Taft. That is not the view of Professor Ramsay people crossing the border. Hope that tries, despite their acrimony, have monopoly. Let the fair political
Muir. In a recent lecture in Calcutta on Growth of Internationalism the a formal treaty gets through, without agreed to the proposal. Access to the process prevail without hindrance Phoolka’s remarks
Professor said: “It was worthwhile reminding them that in his first speech any political agenda obstructing it. gurdwara will be a fitting tribute to and let people themselves govern, not The remarks of HS Phoolka
after the outbreak of the war, the Prime Minister of Great Britain PIYUSH KANT JAIN, BY MAIL Parkash Utsav. the Governor or the Centre. against the Army Chief shows the
proclaimed that one of the ends for which the war was being fought was to SHEMSHER B SINGH, AMRITSAR TAJINDAR SINGH, JALANDHAR mindset of the advocate, blaming
substitute for the brutal arbitrament of war judicial proceedings for the the Chief for the grenade attack on
settlement of disputes between nations. Within six weeks of the outbreak Cooperation must Nirankari Bhavan in Amritsar! The
of the war the speaker was asked to join a society in England for the Apropos ‘Opening Kartarpur corri- The master’s bidding Leave mothers alone Chief had in his statement cau-
discussion of means whereby a league of nations could best be organised. dor’ (Nov 24), movement on the Kar- Refer to ‘A Governor acts in haste’ Reference to ‘Babbar likens rupee fall tioned that the neighbouring coun-
He believed this was the first occasion after the war in which the idea of tarpur proposal is timely with the (Nov 24); the J&K Governor did not to age of PM’s mother’ (Nov 24); the try, through the ISI, wants to revive
having a league of nations was formally and publicly promulgated.” 550th birth anniversary of Guru act in haste in dissolving the Assem- remark is in very poor taste. The value militancy in Punjab. The advo-
Nanak, and is potentially game- bly, but acted on what he was told by of Indian rupee falls during the term of cate’s statement amounts to dis-
Mrs. Besant’s Candidature. changing. Sadly, however, the atmos- his BJP bosses at the Centre. It is a every government. Even the Congress turbing the harmony between Hin-
“New India” has the following regarding Mrs Besant’s chances of election phere has again been vitiated due to tragedy that the Governor, who holds had failed to stop it. It is a shame to dus and Sikhs. Such irresponsible
to Parliament:- Mrs Besant thinks that while she could probably carry a the rough conduct by Pakistani secu- a constitutional post, and is supposed drag someone’s mother into politics. remarks do not auger well for the
popular seat if she were in England, having worked the Labour and rity officials who did not let Indian to act in an impartial manner, obeys Politicians should exercise restraint. state, particularly when the 550th
Women’s Movements since 1874, it is doubtful whether, being in India, and consular officials visit Nankana the diktat of his political masters in Babbar should apologise and Rahul birth anniversary of the apostle of
in view of the prejudice aroused against her, she is likely to succeed. She Sahib Gurdwara in Pakistan, despite their favour. It is not democracy that Gandhi should clarify whether he peace and brotherhood, Guru
does not, however, wish to refuse even the off[chance of being of service to of the Indian High Commission in works in India, but ‘dandacracy’. endorses such statements. Nanak, is being celebrated.
India.” There is no doubt that a deliberate and systematic attempt has been Islamabad securing permission from RK KAPOOR, CHANDIGARH MOHIT HOODA, ROHTAK AS JAMWAL, PATHANKOT
made no prejudice the British public against Mrs Besant, and that this
attempt has partially succeeded. Letters to the Editor, typed in double space, should not exceed the 200-word limit. These should be cogently written and can be sent by e-mail to: Letters@tribunemail.com
THE TRIBUNE
CHANDIGARH | MONDAY | 26 NOVEMBER 2018 OPED 09
How BJP was checkmated in J&K

what it has, the current ruling party leaders of the BJP accused the NC
has refused to learn the basic truth of and PDP of taking instructions from
it: that J&K must have a government Pakistan, the Governor brought in
chosen by its people rather than that the security aspect into government-
made in Delhi. This has been grossly formation by the non-BJP 'terror
violated and unabashedly justified in friendly' parties. That is a complete-
the present case. ly new dimension to democracy in
the state. Would the parties in the
NAEEM AKHTAR
End of PDP-BJP coalition state have to pass the security test
FORMER MINISTER, J&K The PDP-BJP coalition was hailed as his- for government-formation even if
toric by none other than the Prime Min- they secure a majority? Is it not an
F
IDDLING with democracy in ister himself. How it was destroyed after idea from Pakistan where ideological
J&K is nothing new. But that it three-year attrition is history. But it did scrutiny of the prospective represen-
is happening even after 70 not stop at dismantling only a legitimate tatives is done?
years of democracy in the rest democratic arrangement. Going a step Coalitions in this country have, by
of the country is a stark reminder to further, it started a mission to destroy the and large, become ideology-neutral.
the Muslim-majority state that it can party, the PDP, itself by attempting defec- But it appears that the BJP in the
expect only regulated dozes of self- tions through the lure of money, power process has hit itself so badly that it
governance. The explanation of the and intimidation. It even used state insti- may forget the dream of ever getting
Governor and the justification dis- tutions to twist the arms of PDP legisla- STYMIED: The J&K Governor’s action rendered stillborn the unity of Mehbooba Mufti, the Abdullahs and the Congress. into the state Secretariat in the fore-
course of the BJP make it clear that tors. What, however, is more shocking is seeable future. Its allies will have to
the Muslim leadership of the main-
stream secular parties cannot be trust-
the fact that the BJP and its local Trojan
horse openly declared the 'support' of
The BJP ‘won’ the local body than that was the fact that the Damo-
cles sword of the state's special sta-
tion by the Kashmir-based parties
which buried their political differ-
come from Kashmir and no party
will possibly get near it without the
ed with the guardianship of the state legislators from other parties, with the elections without votes to tus continued to hang on them ences and got united for the protec- risk of being wiped out. It made lav-
in spite of the largest concentration of PDP being the main target. What was it if through an unending string of litiga- tion of the special status. ish use of money to fight and 'win'
security agencies. not horse-trading? please only itself. It thought tion. They know if these laws are Had it not been stymied by the Centre, local body and panchayat elections
The Governor's action has under- The ruling party at the Centre boycott could see it through scrapped or even diluted, the main- the political dividends of such an without votes to please only itself. It
standably evoked sharp criticism made it clear that it was setting up a stream politics in Kashmir will be arrangement would have been immense, thought boycott could see it through
from political parties, commentators government through defections and the Assembly elections as buried for good. given the fact that it was a response to the Assembly elections as well. But
and experts. The Raj Bhavan fax its pointman for the state Ram Mad- popular sentiment shorn of any sepa- given the new realisation about the
machine has, in fact, become the new hav, who incidentally was involved in
well. But given the new Hobson’s choice ratist shades. It would have been the glo- party's real intentions, it is likely to
metaphor for subversion of the demo- stitching the earlier alliance, made realisation about the party’s The Centre clearly tried to push the rious moment of mainstream politics of spur greater participation by voters,
cratic process in the state and extend- frequent trips to Srinagar, holding mainstream parties, the NC, PDP Kashmir amid a depressing and gloomy even if only to thwart BJP plans. To
ed to the rest of the country as well in meetings with some PDP legislators real intentions, it is likely to and Congress already working in winter of desperation. that extent, the BJP may have
the context of allegations against the and deliberately circulating them on life-threatening conditions, into a But even with the stillborn attempt, cooked its own goose in J&K on
Modi government's attempts to com- the social media. Such an atmos-
spur greater participation corner. They had a Hobson's choice: mainstream parties in the state, Thanksgiving Day.
promise institutions. The social media phere was built for an expected gov- by voters, even if only to either be stifled to death or try and except the BJP, have reinvented them- Governor Satya Pal Malik com-
has had a great time inventing a fresh ernment through intrigue that even fight back. Mehbooba Mufti, with selves. They have now discovered a plained that even his cook was not
response to the developments. businessmen of Srinagar were called thwart BJP plans. To that her gracious offer to the seniormost larger horizon of possibilities when it available in the Raj Bhavan because of
It is unfortunate that the BJP is guid- to pay 'tribute' to the new leadership. leader of the state and NC patriarch comes to making coalitions in a state the holiday on the Prophet's birthday
ed by its own narrow kiryana vision of The allout effort to elect a mayor of
extent, the BJP may to head the proposed coalition or where local parties, being bitter rivals (even though J&K Raj Bhavan has the
the biggest political challenge to the Srinagar, identified by the Governor have cooked its own Omar Abdullah to head it, was recip- had to look up to the national parties dubious distinction of not having a
country. While it is an established fact even before the elections through rocated with equal grace by the NC. for support. That may be a blessing in single Muslim employee). Who knows,
that democratic deficit has been a big questionable means proved to be the goose in J&K. The Congress came on board soon. disguise for the state. he might have been busy roasting the
reason for Kashmir having become proverbial last straw. More important This was an unprecedented asser- Even as Ram Madhav and local goose for his political masters!
He expertly paved the way for jurisprudence

of 1928. The Congress opposed it and ties — the Independent Labour Party for
I
N recent times, the Constitution made a major nationalist movement the 1937 elections and the Scheduled
Day — November 26 — has grown against the commission. Ambedkar Castes Federation in the 1946 elections.
into a major official celebration, honed his constitutional skills as he Ambedkar was one of the few to have
renewing the story of the making assisted the Simon Commission as attended all three RTCs in London. He
of India's Constitution. As we look member of the Bombay Legislature on was an expert in matters of the federal
back at the framing of the Constitution the framing of the Constitution of the structure of India and sought a strong
of a new India by the Constituent Bombay Province. Ambedkar gave rec- Centre; erudite in provincial Constitu-
RAJA SEKHAR VUNDRU Assembly, the search for a person who ommendations on the Redistribution of tions; franchise, where he advocated uni-
DALIT INTELLECTUAL & BUREAUCRAT would ably guide the Assembly to write Bombay Province (state); on the creation versal adult franchise (like Nehru). He
a Constitution acceptable to all was a of the State executive, State legislatures was on the committee on defence and the
significant question in 1946 before the and State autonomy and the Civil Ser- Committee of Services and Federal
Indian National Congress (INC). vices of a state. He further appeared Structure Committee in the RTC. It was
Today, on Constitution Day, The 1946 elections, which formed the before Simon Commission seeking elec- in the latter panel in September, 1931,
basis for Constituent Assembly, were toral representation of untouchables. that he lambasted the princely states over
let us look back at the swept by the Congress under Mahatma The next major exercise of Constitu- integration into a future India, long
framing of the Constitution. Gandhi. The predominance of the Con- tion-making was through the three before Patel. Ambedkar foresaw the
gress allowed them to bring in persons Round Table Conferences (RTC) held necessity of integrating princely states
Even though the Congress of all hues into the Assembly because EXPERT: Ambedkar's first foray into Constitution-building came in 1919 when he between November 1930 and December into India. He said most of the states were
the members were nominated by the 1932 which eventually created The Gov- smaller than even British India districts
dominated the Constituent provinces or states. It was similar to
appeared before the Southborough Commission on Franchise.
ernment of India Act, 1935. The INC and the government could not blindly
Assembly, none of the today's Rajya Sabha nominations. Eventually, with Bengal Scheduled in 1945 lacked the expanse of Ambed- again, in the process of national move- give whatever the princes wanted.
Castes leader Jogendranath Mandal's kar's experience and erudition. ment, attended only the second confer- As the eventuality approached on
members had the Why Sardar Patel was angry efforts, Ambedkar entered the Con- ence, that too with Mahatma Gandhi as drafting the Constitution in 1946, PM
experience, acumen and Sardar Patel, who was the 1946 election stituent Assembly from Bengal in 1946. None like Ambedkar the lone representative. He was assisted Nehru wrote a letter to Ambedkar, invit-
in charge of the Congress, was known to Despite the boycott of the Muslim Ambedkar first forayed into Constitu- by Sarojini Naidu and Madan Mohan ing him to join the Cabinet and he was
expertise that Ambedkar have said that not only the doors of the League, the Assembly met on Decem- tion-building in 1919 when he appeared Malaviya. Even though Gandhi, Nehru chosen Chairman of the drafting com-
Constituent Assembly but also its win- ber 9, 1946 and Jawaharlal Nehru before the Southborough Commission and Patel were Britain-educated lawyers mittee to guide the fate of the Indian
had. So, he was chosen as dows would be closed for Dr BR Ambed- moved the Declaration of Objectives on on Franchise. Apart from his doctoral like Ambedkar, none had any experience nation into future. Ambedkar did not
Chairman of the drafting kar. Ambedkar's party, the Scheduled
Castes Federation, lost the elections bad-
December 13 to create India into an
independent sovereign republic. At this
studies in finance and economics, he
was a lawyer from Gray's Inn, and Mem-
in Constitution-making by 1946, though
Patel later played a major role in the Con-
belie the expectations and created a
masterpiece of a rights-based Constitu-
committee to guide the fate ly and could not muster enough votes to juncture, MR Jayakar, a liberal leader, ber of the Bombay Legislature since stituent Assembly. Ambedkar became a tion for the caste-ridden, patriarchy-
nominate him to the Assembly. moved an amendment to postpone the 1926, and Leader of Opposition in 1937. Member of Viceroy's Executive Council driven India, which eventually allowed
of the Indian nation into Sardar Patel's anger emanated from declaration till the Muslim League He moved several legislations and and held several portfolios as Minister of the jurisprudence to expand rights
future. Ambedkar's hugely popular book pub-
lished in 1945, What Congress and Gand-
joined. Ambedkar rose to oppose the
postponement, silencing his critics.
became well versed in matters of legis-
lature. As an expert on currency, he
the British Indian Cabinet from 1942 to
46. He was a member of the Imperial
such as right to life and dignity.
Ambedkar once famously quipped:
hi have done to Untouchables, which Even though the Congress dominated gave evidence before the Royal Com- Legislative Council (British Indian Par- "The Hindus wanted the Vedas, and they
denounced Gandhi and his party over the Assembly, none of the members mission on Indian Currency in 1925. liament) and created laws andmade poli- sent for Vyasa who was not a caste Hin-
untouchables. Gandhi wrote letters to K had the constitutional experience, acu- The British had made two major cies and was credited with the creation of du. The Hindus wanted an epic, and
Santhanam of the Hindustan Times and men and expertise that Ambedkar had. attempts to draft India's Constitution. today's Reserve Bank of India and envi- they sent for Valmiki, who was an
C Rajagopalachari to publish a rebuttal Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Jayakar The first was by the Indian Statutory sioned major dams, the "temples of mod- untouchable. The Hindus wanted a Con-
to the book. They promptly did it. who wrote the alternative Constitution Commission or the Simon Commission ern India". And he led two political par- stitution, and they have sent for me."
quick crossword su do ku calendar forecast

ACROSS NOVEMBER 26, 2018 MONDAY SUNSET: MONDAY 17:21 HRS
1 Cause of annoyance (7)
4 Walk wearily (5)
6 1 3 2 9 ■ Vikrami Samvat 2075
SUNRISE: TUESDAY 06:59 HRS
7 Long-necked bird (4) ■ Shaka Samvat 1940

8 About to happen (8)
10 Criterion (10)
9 1 2 8 ■ Marghshirsh Shaka
■ Marghshirsh Parvishte
5
11
Sunny Partly Cloudy Cloudy
CITY MAX
Rainy
MIN
Foggy
12 Make one’s home (6) Chandigarh 26 12

13 Stitching of wound (6) 5 ■ Hijari 1440
■ Krishan Paksh Tithi 4, up to 1.35 am
New Delhi
PUNJAB
28 10
15 An ambition (10)
■ Shubh Yoga up to 10.18 pm Amritsar 26 11
9 6 2
18 Uncompromising policy (4,4)
19 Deny oneself food (4) 5 ■ Aardra Nakshatra up to 11.37 pm Bathinda
Jalandhar
28
26
10
11
20 Answer (5) ■ Moon enters in Cancer sign at 4.16 am
21 In general terms (7) Ludhiana 26 12

■ Shri Ganesh Chaturthi vart
HARYANA
■ Moonrise 8.35 pm.
DOWN Bhiwani 27 12
Hisar 27 11
1 Surrounded (5)
2 Tip (8)
5 7 1 3 Saturday’s solution
Sirsa 28 12
HIMACHAL PRADESH
3 Out-of-the-way (6) 6 2 8 5 3 7 4 1 9
Dharamsala 20 09
4 Involving three parties (10)
5 So be it (4)
7 9 5 4 1 6 2 8 7 3 Manali 15 02
3 7 1 9 4 8 6 5 2 Shimla 18 09
6 Framework of crossed bars (7)
2 4 1 6 1 9 7 8 2 6 5 3 4 JAMMU & KASHMIR
9 Easy task (6,4) Jammu 26 09
11 Meditate (8) 5 8 3 4 7 9 1 2 6
Leh 10 --08
SATURDAY’S SOLUTION 12 Suffocate (7) 2 4 6 3 1 5 9 8 7
7 3 8 1
Srinagar 14 --02
Across: 1 Over and over, 9 Orleans, 10 Cut up, 11 Note, 12 Flamenco, 14 Outing, 16 14 Remarkable (6) 9 4 1 9 2 5 3 7 6 8 UTTARAKHAND
Snatch, 18 Abnormal, 19 Glum, 22 Thing, 23 Bolster, 24 Undertaking 16 Dapper (5) 7 3 5 6 8 4 2 9 1 Dehradun 28 11
Down: 2 Valet, 3 Rear, 4 Nestle, 5 Oncoming, 6 Extinct, 7 Down-to-earth, 8 Up to the 17 Firm hold (4) Mussoorie 21 09
mark, 13 Intrigue, 15 Tension, 17 Rabbit, 20 Let on, 21 Flak 8 6 2 7 9 1 3 4 5
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE IN OC

Ten Years After The Mumbai Attack: Along The New Silk Roads

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2018

Ten years after the Mumbai attack

Leave them alone The 26/11 Mumbai terror attack

The BRI is included in the Consti­ cess barriers, harmonise regula­ ceived as a tool for economic inte­

Touchstone of the Republic

JARAWA. HANDOUT PHOTO

SINGLE FILE FROM ARCHIVES

Pursuing Lashkar-e-Taiba FIFTY YEARS AGO NOVEMBER 26, 1968

The U.S. has sought to pressure Armed attack by Marxists

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DID THEY REALLY SAY THAT?

A third attempt not allowed CHECKLIST

ILLUSTRATION: BINAY SINHA

bound to fail Jyotiraditya Scindia and Digvijaya Singh

the people of MP’

E-waste: It needs to be addressed urgently

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08 OPINION THE TRIBUNE

So it may never happen again...

Only Brahmins right? to 9/11, domestic terrorism from hate

Cracking down on child porn national security lapses. The state-

How BJP was checkmated in J&K

He expertly paved the way for jurisprudence

quick crossword su do ku calendar forecast

7 Long-necked bird (4) ■ Shaka Samvat 1940

12 Make one’s home (6) Chandigarh 26 12

21 In general terms (7) Ludhiana 26 12

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