‘Central Nervous System / Brain and Spinal Cord : Read Health Text pages 88 — Science Text Pages G28 — G33) Research Questions Notes/ Responses to Questions 1. What does the nervous system do? (Health Text p.88) Controls all the other systems of your body (ex. Movement of hands, fingers, keeps lungs breathing, heart beating) ~ makes all parts of body work together smoothly Senses and responds to messages from world around you Sends and receives messages to and from different parts of your body 2. What are the three main parts of the nervous system? 3. What do all the parts of the nervous system contain? (Health Text p. 88) Brain Spinal cord ‘Nerves Alll parts of the nervous system contain cells called nerve cells or neurons 4, The brain is the main part of the nervous system or the control center. List / give details about the brains (Health Text p. 89 11) Ttis the control center of nervous system Each area has a specific job, no area can work alone Made up of many billions of neurons ‘Adult brain about the size of a grapefruit, weighs about 3 pounds Brain covered with folds and grooves ~ allow many neurons on brain’s surface to be together in a very small space Grooves divide brain into different parts with separate purposes 5. What protects the brai (Science Text p. G30) Skull is a protective covering so soft tissue underneath is protected Protected by three layers of membranes; one is tough and leathery ‘A watery fluid surrounds the brain cushioning it from impact© Describe the cerebrum and tell what takes place there; tell what this part of the brain is responsible for. (Health Text p. 89 then Science text G31) Health p. 89 Cerebrum — controls your ability to think, remember, dream and feel; receives and interprets information from eyes, ears, nose, mouth and skin; lets you plan voluntary actions like speaking Science Text G31 «The largest part of the brain; outer layer ~ the cortex contains many folds and grooves; folds give the brain more surface area; looks gray contains the gray matter of the brain ‘© Divided into two halves or hemispheres; a band of neurons connects the haves, carrying nerve impulses from one to the other © Thinking takes place in cerebrum; where you store memories and make decisions + Place where emotions and attitudes originate «Right half controls the left side of the body; left half controls the right 7. Describe the cerebellum and tell what this part of the brain is responsible for. (Health Text p. 89 then Science text G32) 8. Describe the brain stem / medulla and tell what this part of the brain is responsible for. (Health Text p. 89 then Science text G32) Health p. 89 ‘* Cerebellum — coordinates voluntary movements like walking and running; sends messages that keep you in balance Science Text p. G32 * Below and behind the cerebrum * Second largest part of brain; coordinates body’s muscles Sense of balance comes from the cerebellum + Nerve impulses that direct your muscles start in the cerebrum but pass through the cerebellum on their way to muscles * Makes sure movements are smooth and coordinated Health p. 90 «Brain stem — controls your involuntary movements; is like a basic life support system — keeps your heart beating, keeps you breathing, Science Text p. G32 ‘© Medulla connects the brain to the spinal column; contains some gray neuron groups and white matter ‘© Controls the involuntary actions of the body ~ things we don’t think about (heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, blinking, coughing)9. Give details about the spinal cord and its connection to the brain. What do the brain and spinal cord make up? (Health Text p.91, 111) Spinal cord is connected to your brain stem — it forms the main path for ‘messages entering and leaving your brain Brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system The third main part of the nervous system is the nerves. 10. What are nerves? Describe them. What do nerves do? (Health Text p. 91, 42) 11. What is another name for nerve cells? (Gealth Text p. 88, ast) 12, What is a nerve impulse? (Science text G28) 13, What are stimuli? (Science text p. G28) Bundles of wrapped nerve-cell fibers; are long and thin, like threads Carry messages throughout your body Nerve fibers leave your central nervous system in nerve groups A nerve has many branches at its end Some nerves carry messages only from your brain to other parts of your body; others carry messages from the parts of your body to your brain Another name for nerve cells is neurons - Science G28 ‘A nerve impulse is a message carried through your body by nerve cells or neurons Stimuli are signals picked up from the environment that start a nerve impulse 14. What do motor nerves / neurons do? (Glealth Text p. 91, 4 4) ‘Motor nerves carry messages from your brain to other paris of your body Tell each part of your body to move Brain controls all the actions of your body through your motor nerves