David filed an Urgent Motion for re-determination of probable cause –
DENIED DAVID V AGABAY 12. David filed for certiorari: G.R. No. 199113, March 18, 2015|Third Division| Villarama, Jr. J. a. Jurisdiction over the person cannot be a pre condition for the determination of probable cause by the Court which issues a Petitioner: Renato M. David warrant of arrest. Respondent: Edita A. Agbay and the People of the Philippines b. Court disregarded the legal fiction that once a natural born citizen, Filipino citizenship was not deemed lost. DOCTRINE: In criminal cases, jurisdiction over the person of the accused is c. This was DENIED. deemed waived by the accused when he files any pleading seeking an affirmative relief, except in cases when he invokes the special jurisdiction of ISSUE: Whether MTC properly denied petitioner’s motion for re-determination of the court by impugning such jurisdiction over his person. Therefore, in narrow probable cause on the ground of lack of jurisdiction over the person of the accused. cases involving special appearances, an accused can invoke the processes of the court even though there is neither jurisdiction over the person nor custody RULING: YES. Petition is denied.The Order dated October 8, 2011 of the RTC of of the law. However, if a person invoking the special jurisdiction of the court Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro in Civil Case No. SCA-07-11(Criminal Case No. 2012) is hereby AFFIRMED and UPHELD. applies for bail, he must first submit himself to the custody of the law. FACTS: HELD: MTC did not err in finding a probable cause – He already consummated falsification when he re-acquired his citizenship. 1. In 1974, David migrated to Canada where he became a Canadian citizen. 2. He returned to the Philippines and purchased a 600 sq.m lot in Tambong, MTC further cited lack of jurisdiction over the person of the accused as a ground for Oriental Mindoro where he constructed a house. He did not know that denying petitioner’s motion for re-determination was filed prior to his arrest.However, the lot was a public land and part of a salvage zone. custody of the law is not required for the adjudication of reliefs other than an 3. In 2006,David filed a Miscellaneous Lease Agreement (MLA) before DENR application for bail. at the Community Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO). o 4. David indicated in his application that he was a Filipino citizen. o In Miranda v. Tuliao, which involved a motion to quash warrant of arrest, 5. Agbay opposed the application. She contended that David is a Canadian this Court discussed the distinction between custody of the law and citizen. Therefore, he is disqualified from acquiring ownership of a land in jurisdiction over the person, and held that jurisdiction over the person of the accused is deemed waived when he files officer, employee, or notary the Philippines. She also filed a criminal case for falsification of public who, taking advantage of his official position, shall falsify a document by documents. committing any of the following acts: 6. David subsequently reacquired his citizenship under R.A. 9225. a. Counterfeiting or imitating any handwriting, signature or rubric; 7. Office of the Provincial Prosecutor issued a resolution that it found b. Causing it to appear that persons have participated in any act or proceeding when probable cause to indict David of falsification of public document. they did not in fact so participate; 8. Community Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO) rejected c. Attributing to persons who have participated in an act or proceeding statements David’s application other than those in fact made by them; 9. His re-acquisition of his Filipino citizenship did not cure the defect. d. Making untruthful statements in a narration of facts; 10. MTC issued a warrant of arrest against David. e. Altering true dates; f. Making any alteration or intercalation in a genuine document which changes its meaning; g. Issuing in an authenticated form a document purporting to be a copy of an original document when no such original exists, or including in such copy a statement contrary to, or different from, that of the genuine original; or h. Intercalating any instrument or note relative to the issuance thereof in a protocol, registry, or official book. In criminal cases, jurisdiction over the person of the accused is deemed waived by the accused when he files any pleading seeking an affirmative relief, except in cases when he invokes the special jurisdiction of the court by impugning such jurisdiction over his person.