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A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or slows down the
flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundments. Most dams have a
section called a spillway or weir over or through which water flows, either
intermittently or continuously, and some have hydroelectric power
generation systems installed.
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States overtopped(rebuilt).
Kantale Dam 1986-04-20 Kantale, Sri Lanka 180 Poor maintenance, leakage, and consequent failure. Destroyed
Split-Dalmatia
Peruća Dam detonation 1993 0 Not strictly a dam failure as there was a detonation of pre-positio
County, Croatia
Merriespruit tailings
1994 Free State, South Africa 17 Dam failed after a heavy thunderstorm. The dam was in an unac
dam
Problems started after two weeks of constant rain, which severe
Saguenay Flood 1996 Quebec, Canada 10
protecting the city was poorly maintained.
New Hampshire, United
Meadow Pond Dam 1996 1 Design and construction deficiencies resulted in failure in heavy
States
Opuha Dam 1997 Canterbury, New Zealand 0 Heavy rain during construction caused failure, dam was later co
Over-steepened dam failed by sliding on weak clay foundation,
Doñana disaster 1998-04-25 Andalusia, Spain 0
which is the main water source for the Doñana National Park, a
Shihgang Dam 1999-09-21 Taiwan 0 Caused by damage sustained during the 921 earthquake.
Martin County coal Failure of a coal slurry impoundment. The water supply for over
2000-10-11 Martin County, United States 0
slurry spill worst environmental disasters ever in the southeastern United S
Vodní nádrž Soběnov 2002 Soběnov, Czech Republic 0 Extreme rainfall during the 2002 European floods.
Zeyzoun Dam 2002 Zeyzoun, Syria 22 2,000 individuals displaced and over 10,000 directly affected.[11
Strictly not a dam or dike failure. The original Peat soil surround
Ringdijk Groot-Mijdrecht
2003 Wilnis, Netherlands 0 became lighter than water during the 2003 drought. The real ca
(nl)
Around 1,500 residents had to be evacuated.
Hope Mills Dam 2003–05 North Carolina, United States 0 Caused by heavy rains. 1,600 people evacuated.
Silver Lake Dam 2003-05-14 Michigan, United States 0 Heavy rains caused earthen dam and bank to wash away. 1,800
Big Bay Dam 2004 Mississippi, United States 0 A small hole in the dam grew and eventually led to failure. 104 b
Camará Dam 2004-06-17 Paraiba, Brazil 3 Poor maintenance. 3000 people homeless. A second failure hap
Shakidor Dam 2005 Pasni, Pakistan 70 Sudden and extreme flooding caused by abnormally severe rain
Computer/operator error; gauges intended to mark dam full wer
Taum Sauk reservoir 2005 Lesterville, United States 0
lower reservoir withstood the onslaught of the flood.
Campos Novos Dam 2006 Campos Novos, Brazil 0 Tunnel collapse.
Gusau Dam 2006 Gusau, Nigeria 40 Heavy flooding. Approximately 500 homes were destroyed, disp
Ka Loko Dam 2006 Kauai, United States 7 Heavy rain and flooding. Several possible specific factors to inc
Lake Delton 2008-06-09 Lake Delton, United States 0 Failure due to June 2008 Midwest floods.
Koshi Barrage 2008 Koshi Zone, Nepal 250 Heavy rain. The flood affected over 2.3 million people in the nor
Kingston Fossil Plant
2008-12-22 Roane County, United States 0 Failure of a fly ash slurry pond.
coal fly ash slurry spill
Algodões Dam 2009-05-27 Piaui, Brazil 7 Heavy rain.[14] 80 people injured, 2000 homeless.
Sayano–Shushenskaya Not a dam failure, but rather the power station accident where th
2009-08-17 Sayanogorsk, Russia 75
Dam hall and causing the ceiling to collapse. The dam itself was unaf
Situ Gintung Dam 2009 Tangerang, Indonesia 98 Poor maintenance and heavy monsoon rain.
Kyzyl-Agash Dam 2010 Qyzylaghash, Kazakhstan 43 Heavy rain and snowmelt. 300 people were injured and over 10
Hope Mills Dam 2010 North Carolina, United States 0 Sinkhole caused dam failure. Second failure of the dam, will be
Testalinda Dam 2010-06-13 Oliver, Canada 0 Heavy Rain, low maintenance. Destroyed at least 5 homes. Bur
Delhi Dam 2010-07-24 Iowa, United States 0 Heavy rain, flooding. Around 8,000 people had to be evacuated
Lower Silesian
Niedow Dam 2010-08-07 1 Heavy rain, over-topped from flooding.[15]
Voivodeship, Poland
Ajka alumina plant
2010-10-04 Ajka, Hungary 10 Failure of concrete impound wall on alumina plant tailings dam.
accident
Kenmare
2010-10-08 Topuito, Mozambique 1 Failure of tailings dam at titanium mine. 300 homes had been re
Resourcestailings dam
Failed after 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. 7 dead and 1 unknown. J
Fujinuma Dam 2011-03-11 Sukagawa, Japan 8
worldwide since 1930.[16]
Campos dos Campos dos
2012-01-04 0 Failed after a period of flooding.[17] 4000 people displaced.
Goytacazes dam Goytacazes, Brazil
Ivanovo Dam 2012-02-06 Biser, Bulgaria 8 Failed after a period of heavy snowmelt. A crack in the dam wen
Köprü Dam 2012-02-24 Adana Province, Turkey 10 A gate in the diversion tunnel broke after a period of heavy rain
Dakrong 3 Dam 2012-10-07 Quảng Trị Province, Vietnam 0 Poor design, Typhoon Gaemi flood surge.
Masvingo
Tokwe Mukorsi Dam 2014-02-04 0 Downstream slope failure on a 90.3 m (296 ft) tall embankment
Province, Zimbabwe
Tailings dam collapse due to negligent operation; reservoir was
Mount Polley tailings
dam failure
2014-08-04 British Columbia, Canada 0 dam breach a few months before[24] and fundamental design fla
resulted in complete exoneration of Imperial Metals, the dam op
Germano mine tailings Mariana, Minas One tailings dam collapse. One village destroyed, 600 people e
2015-11-05 17
dams Gerais, Brazil river's mouth.
See also
Grout curtain
List of hydroelectric power station failures
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References
1. ^ Osnos, Evan. "Faust, China, and Nuclear Power," The New Yorker, 14. ^ "Breaching of the Algodões dam and the threat of mega-projects" .
Wednesday October 12, 2011. Retrieved Movement of Dam Affected People. 29 May 2009.
at http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/evanosnos/2011/10/faust- Retrieved 6 January 2012.
china-and-nuclear-power.html on October 12, 15. ^ Ereignisanalyse Hochwasser im August und September 2010 und im
2011. Archived March 13, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Januar 2011 in Sachsen, chapter 9 (pdf, 16,34 MB)
2. ^ La rotura del pantano de Puentes 16. ^ "Archived copy" . Archived from the original on 2012-05-11.
3. ^ "Arizona's 1890 dam disaster killed more than 100 people" The Daily Retrieved 2011-05-18.(JPN)
Courier. "Archived copy" . Archived from the original on 2015-11- 17. ^ "Brazil dam burst forces thousands from homes" . BBC. 5 January
18. Retrieved 2015-01-30. Retrieved 30 January 2015. 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
4. ^ 40 años de la tragedia de Ribadelago, en la que murieron 144 18. ^ "Bulgarian Dam Collapsed over Unrepaired Crack since 2003" .
personas (in Spanish) NoVinite. 6 February 2012. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
5. ^ July 12, 1961 – Lest We Forget 19. ^ "Cover Kozan Dam Explosion" (in Turkish). Haberler. 8 March 2012.
6. ^ https://sgorigrad.com/history#tragedy1966 Retrieved 11 March 2012.
7. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20120728074246/http://zgorigrad.com/trag 20. ^ "Holding Ozaltin conscience" (in Turkish). Emlak Kulisi. 10 March
ediata 2012. Archived from the original on 20 May 2013.
8. ^ Wohl, Ellen (2013). Mountain Rivers Revisited . John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
p. 338. ISBN 1118671562. 21. ^ "Former tailings pond engineers for Mount Polley say they made
9. ^ "Certej 1971, tragedia uitată a 89 de vieţi îngropate sub 300 de mii de warnings" . CBC News. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
metri cubi de nămol" . Adevărul. 31 August 2013. 22. ^ "Mount Polley mine tailings breach followed years of government
Retrieved 30 March 2013. warnings" . CBC News. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
10. ^ "No One Had a Tongue to Speak" . 12 May 2014. 23. ^ "First Nations chief: Warning about B.C. tailings pond 'ignored' -
Retrieved 12 May 2014. Macleans.ca" . Macleans.ca. 2014-08-05. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
11. ^ "Syria – Collapse of Dam/floods OCHA Situation Report No. 24. ^ "Red flags raised years before B.C. mine-tailings spill, consultant
4" (PDF). ReliefWeb. Retrieved 26 February 2012. says" . Retrieved 2017-12-28.
12. ^ Chanson, Hubert Chanson Hubert (2009). "Embankment Overflow 25. ^ "Design failure caused Mount Polley tailings breach, expert panel
Protection Systems and Earth Dam Spillways" (PDF). Dams: Impacts, concludes" . Retrieved 2017-12-28.
Stability and Design. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-02.
13. ^ "Kauai Dam Breach Killed 7 People Five Years Ago, But Criminal
Charges Against Dam Owner Still Pending." Hawaii
Reporter. http://www.hawaiireporter.com/kauai-dam-breach-killed-7-five-
years-ago-but-criminal-charges-still-pending/123 Retrieved 24 July
2013.
External links
A list of dam failures and incidents in the United States Dam Safety.org
Chronology of major tailings dam failures from 1960 WISE Uranium Project
Chanson, H. (2009) Application of the Method of Characteristics to the Dam Break Wave Problem Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, Vol.
47, No. 1, pp. 41–49 doi:10.3826/jhr.2009.2865 (ISSN 0022-1686). Available as a pdf at [1]
Dam Failure and Flood Event Case History Compilation Bureau of Reclamation
Mount Polley mine: Ex-engineers warned tailings pond 'getting large'
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