05=,:;0.

(*0Ô5

*VKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSLUT\QLYLZKLHKPJ[VZ

5 0 * 6 3 Í :  * 6 5 + i :  ) ( 3 ) 6 (   3 ( 0 3 (  ) , 9 5 ( 3  - 9 ( + < (   1 6 9 . ,  4 ( 9 ; 0 1 (
;( ) , 9 5 , 9 6   4 ( 5 < , 3  4 6 3; Ô  9 6 + 9 Ð . < , A   ( 5 ; 6 5 0 6  . 6 5 A Í 3 , A  * 6 9 5 , 1 6 
-i30?9<,+(3Ô7,A4(90(:63,9(3(:(5A
*VTPZP}U0+7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[L

PA L A B R A S C L AV E : +LWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSJVKLWLUKLUJPH]HSPKHJP}UKLWY\LIHZYHZNVZ

,S WYVW}ZP[V KL LZ[L HY[xJ\SV LZ KHY H JVUVJLY LS LZ[\
KPV YLHSPaHKV ZVIYL SH WYL]HSLUJPH KL JVKLWLUKLUJPH
LTVJPVUHS LU T\QLYLZ WHYLQH KL Z\QL[VZ HKPJ[VZ LU [YH
[HTPLU[V LU 7YV`LJ[V /VTIYL (SPJHU[L 3HZ T\LZ[YHZ
LZ[\]PLYVU JVUMVYTHKHZ WVY T\QLYLZ JVU ]HYPHISLZ ZV
JPVKLTVNYmÄJHZ OVTVNtULHZ :L VIZLY]HU KPMLYLUJPHZ
ZPNUPÄJH[P]HZLU[YLSHZT\QLYLZKLHKPJ[VZJ\`HZWHYLQHZ
LZ[mULUSVZPUPJPVZKLS[YH[HTPLU[VSSL]HUTLUVZKLKVZ
TLZLZ`SHZKLSNY\WVKLSVZX\LJVU[PU‚HUKLZW\tZKL
VJOVTLZLZ

12

INTRODUCCIÓN
,S JVUJLW[V JVKLWLUKLUJPH ZL LUJ\HKYH KLU[YV KL SVZ
[PWVZ KL KLWLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS :LN‚U *HZ[LSS} SH KL
WLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS LZ SH ULJLZPKHK HMLJ[P]H L_[YLTH
X\L\UHWLYZVUHZPLU[LOHJPHV[YHHSVSHYNVKLZ\ZKPML
YLU[LZYLSHJPVULZKLWHYLQH
7VKLTVZLUJVU[YHYKPMLYLU[LZ[PWVZKLKLWLUKLUJPHLTV
JPVUHS4VYHSJVTVZVU!
Codependencia
<UHJVUKPJP}ULUSHX\L\UPUKP]PK\VKLWLUKLJVULSV[YV
UV KLS TPZTV V KL V[YV VIQL[V L_[LYUV ZPUV LZWLJxÄJH
TLU[LKLSHWLYZVUHKLWLUKPLU[L;OVTIZ 
Bidependencia
,Z LS JVUQ\U[V KL HJ[P[\KLZ JVTWVY[HTPLU[VZ ` HMLJ[VZ
KLUV[H[P]VZKLX\LL_PZ[L\UHKLWLUKLUJPHKLWLYZVUHZ
V ZP[\HJPVULZ X\L JVUKPJPVUHU KL THULYH YLSL]HU[L LS
X\LOHJLYKLSHMLJ[HKV`WYVIHISLTLU[LKLSHWLYZVUHV
WLYZVUHZPU]VS\JYHKHZ:PY]LU[
Dependencia emocional
+LÄUPKHHU[LYPVYTLU[L
Adicción al amor
:LKLÄULWVYSHULJLZPKHKPYYLZPZ[PISLKL[LULYWHYLQHKL
LZ[HYJVULSSHWYPVYPaHJP}UKLSHWLYZVUHVIQL[VKLSHHKPJ
JP}UJVUYLZWLJ[VHJ\HSX\PLYV[YHHJ[P]PKHKWYLVJ\WHJP}U
JVUZ[HU[LWVYHJJLKLYHLSSHLUJHZVKLUVLUJVU[YHYZL
WYLZLU[LZ\MYPTPLU[VLUJHZVKLY\W[\YH¯LUKLÄUP[P]H
ZL [YH[H KL \UH KL SHZ U\L]HZ HKPJJPVULZ ZPU Z\Z[HUJPH
*HZ[LSS}
(ZxSHJVKLWLUKLUJPHZLOHKLÄUPKVJVTV\UWH[Y}UKL
JVTWVY[HTPLU[VX\LZLJHYHJ[LYPaHLZLUJPHSTLU[LWVYLS
THU[LUPTPLU[V KL \UH YLSHJP}U KL KLWLUKLUJPH HMLJ[P]H
JVU\UHWLYZVUHX\LHZ\]LaLZJVU[YVSHKHWVY\UVI
QL[VKLKLWLUKLUJPHX\LW\LKLVUVZLYKL[PWVHMLJ[P]V
7tYLa`+LSNHKV
,Z MYLJ\LU[L LUJVU[YHY JVKLWLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS LU SHZ
WHYLQHZKLZ\QL[VZHKPJ[VZHSHZKYVNHZ7VYLSSVHSHOVYH
KLYLHSPaHY\UHPU[LY]LUJP}U[LYHWt\[PJHZPZ[tTPJHJLU[YH
KHLUSHHKPJJP}UW\LKLUKHYZLPU[LYHJJPVULZLU[YLHT
IHZKLWLUKLUJPHZ
7VY LZ[L TV[P]V YLZ\S[H LÄJHa JVU[HY JVU PUMVYTHJP}U
J\HU[P[H[P]H ÄHISL X\L HWV`L LS WYVJLZV [LYHWt\[PJV :PU
LTIHYNVJ\HUKVUVZKPZWVULTVZHLZ[\KPHYSHJVKLWLU
KLUJPHLTVJPVUHSKLZJ\IYPTVZX\LZL[YH[HKL\UJHT
WVWVJVL_WSVYHKVZVIYLLSX\LL_PZ[LULZJHZHZPU]LZ[P
NHJPVULZ LU U\LZ[YV WHxZ ,Z WVY LZ[V X\L LU 7YV`LJ[V
/VTIYL(SPJHU[LUVZKPZW\ZPTVZHVI[LULYKH[VZHJLYJH
PROYECTO
3HKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSLZSHULJLZPKHK
HMLJ[P]HL_[YLTHX\L\UHWLYZVUHZPLU[LOHJPH
V[YHHSVSHYNVKLZ\ZKPMLYLU[LZYLSHJPVULZKL
WHYLQH7VKLTVZLUJVU[YHYKPMLYLU[LZ[PWVZ
KLKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHS!JVKLWLUKLUJPH
IPKLWLUKLUJPHKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHS`
HKPJJP}UHSHTVY
KLSHWYL]HSLUJPHKLJVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSLUT\QLYLZ
WHYLQHKLHKPJ[VZLU[YH[HTPLU[VLUU\LZ[YVJLU[YV
¿QUÉ MEDIR?
( YHxa KL SV HU[LYPVY LZ[HISLJPTVZ KPMLYLU[LZ VIQL[P]VZ H
JVUZLN\PY!
‹ WVY\USHKVJVUZ[H[HYX\LSHJVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHS
ZLLUJ\LU[YHLUTH`VYNYHKVLUSHZT\QLYLZWHYLQHKL
Z\QL[VZHKPJ[VZHZ\Z[HUJPHZX\LKLTHUKHU[YH[HTPLU[V
X\LLUSHZT\QLYLZWHYLQHKLWVISHJP}UZHUH
‹ WVYV[YVSHKV]LYZPSHJVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSZLLU
J\LU[YH LU TH`VY NYHKV LU T\QLYLZ WHYLQH KL Z\QL[VZ
HKPJ[VZ H Z\Z[HUJPHZ LU LS TVTLU[V LU X\L HX\LSSVZ
KLTHUKHU [YH[HTPLU[V X\L LU SHZ T\QLYLZ WHYLQH KL
Z\QL[VZHKPJ[VZHZ\Z[HUJPHZX\LJVU[PU‚HULULS[YH[H
TPLU[VKLZW\tZKLVJOVTLZLZ
METODOLOGÍA
,ULZ[LW\U[VUVZWSHU[LHTVZKPZL|HY`]HSPKHY\UJ\LZ
[PVUHYPVHKOVJWVYSHZJHYHJ[LYxZ[PJHZKLSHWVISHJP}UKL
7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[LJHWHaKLKPZJYPTPUHYKLMVYTH
J\HSP[H[P]H LU[YL Z\QL[VZ JVU ` ZPU JVKLWLUKLUJPH LTV
JPVUHS`HKLTmZX\LZLHJHWHaKLVMYLJLY\UHTLKPKH
J\HU[P[H[P]HKLSUP]LSKLJVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSX\L\U
Z\QL[VWYLZLU[H
7HYHSHLSHIVYHJP}UKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVZLYLHSPa}\UHUmSPZPZ
IPISPVNYmÄJVJVULSVIQL[P]VKLLZ[HISLJLYSVZJYP[LYPVZ`
LS LUMVX\L [L}YPJV ZVIYL JVKLWLUKLUJPH X\L ]HTVZ H
\[PSPaHY
7VZ[LYPVYTLU[LZLLZ[HISLJPLYVUSVZYHZNVZX\LKLÄULUSH
JVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHS`LUIHZLHLSSVZZLYLKHJ[H
ron SVZx[LTZX\LMVYTHYmUWHY[LKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVKLÄUPtU
KVSVZLU\UHLZJHSHSPRLY[JVUVWJPVULZKLYLZW\LZ[H
(JVU[PU\HJP}UZLYLHSPa}\UHWY\LIHWPSV[VWHYHPKLU[PÄ
JHYSHHKLJ\HJP}U`JVTWYLZP}UKLLU\UJPHKVZJVYYLJ[H
JH[LNVYPaHJP}UKLYLZW\LZ[HZ`WVZPISLZYLZPZ[LUJPHZWZP
JVS}NPJHZHx[LTZ,UIHZLHLZ[HWY\LIH]\LS]LUHYLKHJ
[HYZLSVZx[LTZJVUMVYTHUKVLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVÄUHS
13
PROYECTO

:LVIZLY]H\UHTLUVYJVKLWLUKLUJPH
LTVJPVUHSLUSHZT\QLYLZX\LZLLUJ\LU[YHU
LUSHMHZLTmZH]HUaHKHKLS[YH[HTPLU[VKL
Z\WHYLQHLU7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[L

=VS]PTVZ H WHZHY LS J\LZ[PVUHYPV Q\U[V JVU V[YV J\LZ[PV

UHYPV `H ]HSPKHKV WHYH TLKPY JVKLWLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS
*+,3LTVZ4
3VUKV|V5/`JVTWHYHTVZ
SHZTLKPHZKLSHZW\U[\HJPVULZVI[LUPKHZWVYJHKHZ\QL[V
LU HTIVZ J\LZ[PVUHYPVZ +L LZ[L TVKV JVTWYVIHTVZ
X\L U\LZ[YV J\LZ[PVUHYPV TPKL JVYYLJ[HTLU[L SH ]HYPHISL
KLZLHKH(STPZTV[PLTWVLSPTPUHTVZSVZx[LTZX\LZH
[\YHUWVJVLULSJVUZ[Y\J[VTLKPKV
(JVU[PU\HJP}UYLHSPaHTVZ\UHUmSPZPZLZ[HKxZ[PJVWHYHLZ
[\KPHYSH]HSPKLa`ÄHIPSPKHKKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPV!
‹ ]HSPKLaKLx[LTZ!ZLHUHSPaHYVUTLKPHU[L\UHTH[YPaKL
JVYYLSHJPVULZKL7LHYZVU
,SHUmSPZPZKLSHÄHIPSPKHKKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVZLYLHSPa}TL
KPHU[LSHVI[LUJP}UKLSHJVUZPZ[LUJPHPU[LYUHHUHSPaHUKV
LSJVLÄJPLU[LHSMHKL*YVUIHJO
3H]HSPKLaKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVZLHUHSPa}TLKPHU[L!
‹ ]HSPKLaKLJVU[LUPKV!ZLSLJJP}UKLx[LTZLUIHZLH]H
SVYHJP}UKLL_WLY[VZ
‹ ]HSPKLaKLJVUZ[Y\J[V!HUmSPZPZMHJ[VYPHS
‹ ]HSPKLa KL JYP[LYPV! YLSHJP}U KL SH W\U[\HJP}U KL JHKH
Z\QL[VJVU\UJ\LZ[PVUHYPVLZ[mUKHY]HSPKHKVJPLU[xÄJH
TLU[L*+,3LTVZ4
3VUKV|V5/ ,SHUmSPZPZKLSVZKH[VZVI[LUPKVZZVIYLSHZT\QLYLZWHYLQH
3H T\LZ[YH WHYH SH ]HSPKHJP}U KLS J\LZ[PVUHYPV ` WHYH SH
VI[LUJP}UKLKH[VZHJLYJHKLSHL_PZ[LUJPHKLTH`VYJV
KLWLUKLUJPHLUWHYLQHZKLZ\QL[VZHKPJ[VZX\LLUWHYLQHZ
KLWVISHJP}UZHUHZLLZ[HISLJP}LUKVZNY\WVZJVTW\LZ
[VZ WVY  T\QLYLZ JHKH \UV Z\QL[VZ HKPJ[VZ LU [YH[H
TPLU[VLU7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[L`WVISHJP}UZHUH
( Z\ ]La SH T\LZ[YH WHYH HUHSPaHY SH Å\J[\HJP}U KL SVZ
UP]LSLZKLJVKLWLUKLUJPHLTVJPVUHSLUSHZWHYLQHZKLZ\
QL[VZHKPJ[VZLU[YH[HTPLU[VLU7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[L
ZLKP]PKP}LUKVZNY\WVZL_WLYPTLU[HSLZ!
‹ <UVJVTW\LZ[VWVYJPUJ\LU[HT\QLYLZWHYLQHKLZ\QL
[VZHKPJ[VZX\LSSL]HUTLUVZKLKVZTLZLZYLHSPaHUKV
\U WYVJLZV [LYHWt\[PJV LU \U WYVNYHTH KL 7YV`LJ[V
/VTIYL(SPJHU[L
‹ 6[YV JVTW\LZ[V WVY JPUJ\LU[H T\QLYLZ WHYLQH KL Z\
QL[VZHKPJ[VZX\LSSL]HUTmZKLVJOVTLZLZYLHSPaHUKV
\U WYVJLZV [LYHWt\[PJV LU \U WYVNYHTH KL 7YV`LJ[V
/VTIYL(SPJHU[L
:L WYVWPJP} X\L SHZ WYPUJPWHSLZ ]HYPHISLZ ZVJPVKLTV
NYmÄJHZ ZL_V ` LKHK LU [VKVZ SVZ NY\WVZ M\LYHU OV
TVNtULHZ
,SHUmSPZPZKLSVZKH[VZVI[LUPKVZLUYLSHJP}UHSHWYL]H
SLUJPHKLJVKLWLUKLUJPHLU[YLT\QLYLZWHYLQHKLZ\QL[VZ
HKPJ[VZLU[YH[HTPLU[VLU7YV`LJ[V/VTIYL(SPJHU[L.Y\
WV,_WLYPTLU[HS`T\QLYLZWHYLQHKLZ\QL[VZZHUVZ.Y\
WV*VU[YVSZLYLHSPa}TLKPHU[LSHVI[LUJP}UKLTLKPHZ`
ZLL_WYLZHYVUKLTHULYHNYmÄJH.YmÄJVKLIHYYHZ
KL Z\QL[VZ HKPJ[VZ LU [YH[HTPLU[V LU 7YV`LJ[V /VTIYL
ZLYLHSPa}TLKPHU[LSHVI[LUJP}UKLSVZxUKPJLZKLJVYYLSH
JP}UKL7LHYZVULU[YLSHZ]HYPHISLZ[PLTWVKL[YH[HTPLU[V
`W\U[\HJP}ULUJVKLWLUKLUJPH(KLTmZZLVI[\]PLYVU
SHZTLKPHZLUSHZW\U[\HJPVULZKLSVZZ\QL[VZL]HS\HKVZ
WHYH SH ]HYPHISL [PLTWV KL [YH[HTPLU[V KP]PKPLUKV H SHZ
T\QLYLZWHYLQHKLHKPJ[VZLUWLYZVUHZJVUTLUVZKL
TLZLZ KL [YH[HTPLU[V ` WLYZVUHZ JVU TmZ KL  TLZLZ
KL[YH[HTPLU[V
CONCLUSIONES
,UWYPTLYS\NHYX\LYLTVZOHJLYUV[HYX\LLZ[LLZ[\KPV
[PLULHSN\UHZSPTP[HJPVULZJVTVLS[HTH|VKLSHT\LZ

14

[YH`LSOLJOVKLX\LSH[V[HSPKHKKLT\QLYLZWHYLQHKL
Z\QL[VZ HKPJ[VZ LU [YH[HTPLU[V WLY[LULJL H 7YV`LJ[V
/VTIYL(SPJHU[L(\UHZxUVZN\Z[HYxHJVTWHY[PYHSN\
nas conclusiones.
‹ ;YHZSH]HSPKHJP}UKLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVWVKLTVZWYVWVULYSH
HWSPJHJP}UKLLZ[LPUZ[Y\TLU[VJVUKPZ[PU[VZÄULZ!
*VTV[tJUPJHVYPLU[H[P]HOHJPHSHTLKPJP}UKLSHJVKL
WLUKLUJPHLUWVISHJPVULZZPTPSHYLZHSHKLSLZ[\KPV
/HJPHSHKL[LJJP}U`HIVYKHQL[LTWYHUVKLLZ[HWYV
ISLTm[PJHLUU\LZ[YVWYVNYHTH
‹ 7VYV[YVSHKVOLTVZJVUZ[H[HKVX\LL_PZ[LTH`VYJV
KLWLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS LU T\QLYLZ WHYLQH KL Z\QL[VZ
HKPJ[VZX\LLUT\QLYLZWHYLQHLUWVISHJP}UZHUH,Z[V
ZLWVKYxHL_WSPJHYH[LUKPLUKVHU\LZ[YHL_WLYPLUJPHHSH
[LUKLUJPHKLLZ[HZT\QLYLZHMVJHSPaHYTmZZ\H[LUJP}U
LULSWYVISLTHKLZ\WHYLQHTPUPTPaHUKVZ\ZWYVWPHZ
ULJLZPKHKLZ ,Z[V LZ HZx KLIPKV H X\L SH HKPJJP}U LZ
\U[YHZ[VYUVX\LJVUSSL]HKLZLZ[Y\J[\YHJP}UKLSWYVWPV
Z\QL[VHZxJVTVKLZ\LU[VYUVWY}_PTV
*VUYLZWLJ[VHSVHU[LYPVYJYLLTVZX\LZLYxHPTWVY[HU
[L SSL]HY H JHIV HJJPVULZ X\L WYVT\L]HU SH PKLU[PÄJH
JP}U`LSHIVYKHQLKLSHZWYVWPHZULJLZPKHKLZWVYWHY[L
KLLZ[HZT\QLYLZZPUX\LLSSVPTWSPX\LSHH\ZLUJPHKL
HWV`V`ZLN\PTPLU[VHJ[P]VLULSWYVJLZVKLYLOHIPSP[H
JP}UKLSHKPJ[V
‹ Se observa una TLUVY JVKLWLUKLUJPH LTVJPVUHS LU
SHZ T\QLYLZ X\L ZL LUJ\LU[YHU LU SH MHZL TmZ H]HU
aHKH KLS [YH[HTPLU[V KL Z\ WHYLQH LU 7YV`LJ[V /VT
PROYECTO
,SKLZHYYVSSVKLJPLY[HZHJ[P]PKHKLZ
[LYHWt\[PJHZJVULZ[HZT\QLYLZ[HSLZJVTV
NY\WVZLZWLJxÄJVZKL[LYHWPHZLTPUHYPVZWHYH
MHTPSPHYLZNY\WVZJVUQ\U[VZJVUSHWHYLQHL[J
WYVT\L]LUTH`VYH\[VUVTxH`SHHZ\UJP}UKL
ULJLZPKHKLZKLSHWLYZVUH
IYL(SPJHU[L,Z[LOLJOVWLYTP[LPUMLYPYX\LKLHSN\UH
THULYHL_PZ[LU]HYPHISLZLUU\LZ[YHPU[LY]LUJP}UJVU
LSHKPJ[VX\LMH]VYLJLULZ[HKPZTPU\JP}UKLSHWYVISL
Tm[PJHLZ[\KPHKH
:LN‚UU\LZ[YHVIZLY]HJP}ULSKLZHYYVSSVKLJPLY[HZHJ[P]P
KHKLZ[LYHWt\[PJHZJVULZ[HZT\QLYLZ[HSLZJVTVNY\WVZ
LZWLJxÄJVZKL[LYHWPHZLTPUHYPVZWHYHMHTPSPHYLZNY\WVZ
JVUQ\U[VZJVUSHWHYLQHL[JWYVT\L]LUTH`VYH\[VUV
TxH`SHHZ\UJP}UKLULJLZPKHKLZKLSHWLYZVUH
7VY[VKVLSSVJVUZPKLYHTVZYLSL]HU[LSHYLHSPaHJP}UKL\U
HUmSPZPZL_OH\Z[P]VKLSHZ]HYPHISLZX\LJVTWVULUU\LZ[YV
[YH[HTPLU[VJVULSVIQL[P]VKLMVTLU[HYHX\LSSHZX\LW\L
KLUPUÅ\PYLUSHKPZTPU\JP}UKLLZ[HWYVISLTm[PJHJVU[YP
I\`LUKVJVULSSVHSVIQL[P]VKLH\[VUVTxHWLYZVUHSX\L
WLYZPN\LU\LZ[YVWYVNYHTHKLYLOHIPSP[HJP}UKLSHWLYZVUH
HKPJ[H
¡A TRABAJAR!
(KLTmZKLSHZH[PZMHJJP}UKLOHILYYLHSPaHKVLZ[LLZ[\
KPVZLUVZOHUHIPLY[VU\L]HZSxULHZKL[YHIHQVX\LUVZ
HUPTHUHZLN\PYHTWSPHUKVU\LZ[YVJVUVJPTPLU[VLULZ[H
[LTm[PJH ` WVZPIPSP[HU LS HÄHUaHTPLU[V KL SVZ YLZ\S[HKVZ
VI[LUPKVZ
*VTVU\L]HZHJJPVULZ[LULTVZWYL]PZ[V!
‹ 9LHSPaHY\ULZ[\KPVSVUNP[\KPUHS
‹ =HSPKHYLSJ\LZ[PVUHYPVJVUWVISHJP}UNLULYHS
‹ (UmSPZPZT\S[PMHJ[VYPHS
‹ 0KLU[PÄJHYU\L]HZ]HYPHISLZLUYLZW\LZ[HHSVZx[LTZZL
SLJJPVUHKVZZLUZPIPSPKHKKLSx[LT
‹ ,Z[\KPHY SHZ ]HYPHISLZ X\L PU[LY]PLULU LU SH Å\J[\HJP}U
KLSHJVKLWLUKLUJPHKLU[YVKLS[YH[HTPLU[VLU7YV`LJ[V
/VTIYL(SPJHU[L
,Z[LmUPTVSVX\LYLTVZOHJLYL_[LUZPISLHHX\LSSHZWLY
ZVUHZX\LJVTVUVZV[YVZLZ[tUPU[LYLZHKHZLULSWVYX\t
KLSHZJVZHZ
15