SSCE 1693 Engineering Mathematics I

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I/C : Section: 30 / 31 / 33

Quiz 2 (20 mins) [10m / 5%] [Chapter 6, 7]

 x  0 −1  x
(1) Given xˆi + yˆj ↔   . Show that A =   rotates a vector x =   by 90o counterclockwise.
 y 1 0   y
Hint: Perpendicular / orthogonal (4 marks)
 0 −1  x   0 − y   − y 
Ax =    =  = 
1 0   y   x − 0   x 
 Ax ⋅ x   − yx + xy 
− y   x  θ = cos −1   = cos  2 
Ax ⋅ x =   ⋅   = − yx + xy = 0  
 y +x y +x
−1

 Ax x  
 x   y
or 2 2 2

∴ Ax ⊥ x = cos −1 0 = 90o

or Same thing but with given values, e.g. x = 1 , y = 2 .

or Transform Matrix

0 −1 cos 90o − sin 90o 

A= = 
1 0   sin 90
o
− cos 90o 
or Draw graph with (x , y) and (–y , x) and 90o .
 −1
(2) Rotate the vector   by 180o .
2
(2 marks)

180o is 90o twice.

 0 −1  0 −1  1   −1 0   −1  1 
A2x =     =     =   or Draw graph with (–1,2) and (1,–2) .
1 0  1 0   2   0 −1  2   −2 
(3) Calculate A–1 and show that A–1x and Ax are parallel. (4 marks)
 0 1
A −1 = C (A) =  
1
det ( A )  −1 0 
T

 0 1  0 −1
A −1x =   = −  = − Ax
 −1 0 1 0 
∴ ( A −1x )
( Ax )

cos (θ ) =
( A x ) ⋅ ( Ax ) =
−1
− y 2 − x2
= −1
A −1x Ax y 2 + x2 y2 + x2
or... θ = 180o
∴ ( A −1x )
( Ax )

or... ( A x ) × ( Ax ) = 0
-1