27.

Find the equation of the line passing through (-12, 6) and perpendicular to 6x +
7y = 3.
Solution:
6x  7y  3
7y  6x  3
 6 3
y  x 
7 7
 6
m 
7
The slope of the line passing through (-12,6) is the negative reciprocal of -
7
6/7. m 
6
7
Using Point-Slope Form where, m  , P(-12,6)
6
y  y1  m( x  x1 )

y6 
7
x  ( 12 )
6
7 
6( y  6 )   x  12 6
6 
6 y  36  7( x  12 )
6 y  36  7 x  84
 7 x  6 y  84  36

 7 x  6 y  120
 ( 7 x  6 y  120 )
7 x  6 y  120
Answer: 7x – 6y = -120
28. Find the equation of the line having half the x – intercept and twice the y – intercept
of 3x + 5y = 15.
Solution:
Transform the given equation to intercept form.
3x  5 y  15
3x 5 y 15
 
15 15 15
x y
 1
5 3
a1  5
b1  3
 a1
a2 
2
5

2
b2  2( b1 )
 2( 3 )
6
x y
 1
a b
x y
 1
5/ 2 6
2x y
 1
5 6
 2x y 
30    130
 5 6
12 x  5 y  30
Answer: 12x + 5y = 30
29. Find all values of the constant k so that the lines (k2 – 10)x + ky = 10 and (k – 4)x
+ 3y = 7 are parallel.
Solution:
m1  m 2
(k  10)x  ky  10
2

ky  (k 2  10)x  10
 (k 2  10) 10
y  x
k k

 (k 2  10)
m1 
k
( k  4 )x  3 y  7
3 y  ( k  4 )x  7
( k  4 ) 7
y x
3 3

( k  4 )
m2 
3
 m1  m 2
 (k 2  10)  (k  4)

k 3
 3(k  10)  k(k  4)
2

 3k 2  30  k 2  4k
 3k 2  k 2  4k  30  0
 2k 2  4k  30  0
k 2  2k  15  0
(k  5)(k  3)  0
k  5  0 k  3  0
k  5 k  3

Answer: -5 and 3
30. Find the equation of the line perpendicular to and containing the midpoint of the
segment joining (-2, 3) and (6, -1).
Solution:
For midpoint For slope
 x  x 2 y1  y 2  y 2  y1
M 1 ,  m 
 2 2  x  x
2 1
  2  6 3  (1) 13
M ,  
 2 2  6  (2)
M 2,1) 1

2
Negative reciprocal of -1/2 is 2.m = 2.
Using Point-Slope Form:
y  y1  m(x  x1 )
y 1  2(x  2)
y 1  2x  4
 2x  y  4  1
 2x  y  3
 (2x  y  3)
2x  y  3
Answer: 2x – y = 3
31. What is the capacity, in cubic meters, of a swimming pool that is 15 m long, 8 m
wide, and 5 m deep on the shallow end and 7 m on the deep end?
 Solution:
l = 15m b = 2m
w = 8m a = 15m
h = 5m h = 8m

1 
V1  lwh V2   ba h
2 
 15(8)(5) 1 
  (2)(15)8
 600 m 3 2 
 120 m 3
Volume of Pool  V1  V2
 600  120
 720m 3
Answer: 720 m3

A 40cm x 30cm x 21cm rectangular block is completely submerged in a box containing

water without it spilling over. If the container’s base is 105cm x 60cm, by how much did
the water level rise?

Solution:
Let x = height the water reached
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟
(40)(30)(21)  (105)(60)x
25,200  6,300 x
x  4
Answer: 4 cm
32. In parallelogram PQRS, ∠P = (6x + 10)° and ∠Q = (8x − 40)°. Find x.
Solution:
P and Q are adjacent angles of parallelogram PQRS. We can say that
the two angles are supplementary.
 mP  mQ  180
(6x  10)  (8x  40)  180
14x  30  180
14x  210
x  15
Answer: x = 15
33. In parallelogram ABCD, ∠DBC = 27° and ∠ADC = 70°. Find ∠BDC.
Solution:

Let: x = mBDC
70 – x = mADB
ADB and CBD are alternate interior angles.
mADB  mCBD
70  x  27
 x  43
x  43
Answer: mBDC = 43ᵒ
34. The diagonals of parallelogram JKLM intersect at P. If PJ = 3x – 2, PK = x + 3 and
PM = 5x – 5, find x.

Solution:

x  3  5x  5
x  5x  5  3
 4x  8
x  2
Answer: x = 2
35. A rhombus has diagonals of lengths 10 and 24. What is its area?
Solution:
Use the formula for the area of rhombus given the two diagonals.
d 1  10 d 1d 2
A 
d 2  24 2
10(24)

2
 120sq.units
 Answer: 120 sq. units
36. The lengths of the sides of three squares are s, s + 1 and s + 2. Find their total
perimeter if their total area is 245.
Solutions:
s 2  (s  1)2  (s  2)2  TotalArea
s 2  (s 2  2s  1)  (s 2  4s  4)  245
3s 2  6s  5  245
3s 2  6s  240  0
s 2  2s  80  0
(s  10)(s  8)  0

s  10  0 s 8  0
s  10 s  8
The sides of the square should be positive so we should use the positive
value of s.
TotalPerim eter  4s  4(s  1)  4(s  2)
 4(8)  4(8  1)  4(8  2)
 4(8)  4(9)  4(10)
 32  36  40
 108
Answer: 108 units
37. In quadrilateral REST, ∠R = 119°, ∠E = 67°and ∠S = 73°. Find ∠T.
Solution:
Sum of interior angles of quadrilateral is 360ᵒ.
mR  mE  mS  mT  360
119  67  73  mT  360
259  mT  360
mT  101 
Answer: 101ᵒ
38. Quadrilateral PQRS has right angles at P and R. If PQ=6, PS=8 and QR=4√5,
find RS.
Solution:
Draw diagonal QS and use Pythagorean formula.
QS 2  PQ 2  PS 2
QS 2  (6)2  (8)2
QS 2QS QR362  64
2
RS 2
QS 2  100 2
(10) 2 (4 5 )  RS
2 2

QS  100
100  80  RS 2
QS  10
RS 2  20
RS 2  20
RS  45
RS  2 5
 Answer: 𝟐√𝟓
39. What is the area of quadrilateral PQRS from the previous problem?
Solution:
1 1 Area  A 1  A 2
A 1  bh A 2  bh
2 2  24  20
1 1
 (8)(6)  (2 5 )(4 5 )  44
2 2
 24  20
Answer: 44 sq. units
40. If y varies directly as x, and y = 14 when x = 6, find y when x = 15.
Solution:
y 1  14
x1  6
x 2  15
y2  ?
y  kx
14  k(6)
14
k 
6
7
k 
3
y  kx
7
 (15)
3
 35
Answer: 35
41. If the radius of a circle is doubled, by what factor does the area increase?
Solution:
A 2  r212
A 1  r12
A 2  (2r1 )2
r2  2r1
A 2  (4r12 )
A 2  4(r12 )
A 2  4A 1

Answer: the area is multiplied by 4

42. Suppose w varies jointly as x and the square of y, and inversely as z. If x is

increased by 20%, y is increased by 50%, and z is doubled, by how much will w
increase?
 kx 1y 12
w1 
z1
kx 2 y 22
w2 
z2
x 2  x 1  0.2x 1
k(1.2x1 )(1.5y 1 )2
 1. 2 x 1 
2z1
y 2  y 1  0.5y 1 2
k(1.2x1 )( 2.25y 1 )
 1.5x 1 
2z1
z 2  2z1 (1.2)( 2.25) kx 1y 12 Answer: 35%
 
2 z1
 1.35 w 1
 w 1  0.35 w 1
43. Find the 11th term of an arithmetic sequence with
3rd term 47 and 9th term 29.
Solution:
Assume that a3 = a1, a9 = a7 a11 = a9
a 1  47
a 7  29
a n  a 1  (n  1)d
a n  a 1  (n  1)d  47  (9  1)(3)
29  47  (7  1)d  47  24
29  47  6d  23
 18  6d
d  3
Answer: 23
44. Find the smallest integer n such that 1 + 2 + 3 + …. + n >450.
Solution:
a1  1
d  1

Sn 
n
2a 1  (n  1)d
2
450  2(1)  (n  1)(1)
n
2
900  n(n  1)
n and n+1 are two consecutive numbers whose product is greater than 900. Since
we are solving for the smallest possible value of n, the two numbers that will satisfy
the condition are 30 and 31. Therefore n = 30.
Answer: n = 30
45. An arithmetic sequence has 2nd term -43 and 4th term -37. What is the first positive
term of the sequence?
Solution:
Assume that a2 = a1, and a4 = a3.Solve foe the common difference d.

a1  43
aan 3a1 37
 ( n  1 )d
 37  43  ( 3  1 )d
 37  43  2d
6  2d
d 3
Now solve for the real first term
a2  43
d 3
an  a1  ( n  1 )d
 43  a1  ( 2  1 )3
 43  a1  3
a1  46
Answer: -46
46. Find x if 2x – 1, x + 4 and 3 – 3x are consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence.
Solution:
The difference between two consecutive terms should be equal.
(x  4)  (2x  1)  (3  3x)  (x  4)
 x  5  1  4x
3x  6
x  2
Answer: x = -2
47. Find the common ratio of a geometric sequence with 5th term – 5 and 8th term 135.
Solution:
Assume that a5 = a1, and a8 = a4.
a 1  5
a 4  135

a n  a 1r n  1
135  5r 4  1
135  5r 3
r 3  27
3
r 3  27
r  3
Answer: -3
 48. What number must be added to each of 4, 7 and 12 so that the resulting numbers
form a geometric sequence?
Solution:
Let x = the number to be added
Then the geometric sequence is, 4+x, 7+x, 12+x.
The ratio of the consecutive terms should be equal
7  x 12  x

4  x 7  x
(4  x)(12  x)  (7  x)(7  x)
48  16x  x 2  49  14x  x 2
x 2  x 2  16x  14x  49  48
2x  1
1
x 
2
Answer: 1/2
MTAP Division Eliminations 2015

Directions: Check your answers. Analyze the solution given in every question. Be sure
that you deeply understand the concepts involved. Test yourself again by answering the
questions.
3 2
1. Simplify √ − √3.
2
Solution:

√𝟔
Answer:
𝟔
2 +2−1
0
2. Evaluate 2−2 +2−3.
Solution:
 Answer: 4
1 1
3. Simplify √ + .
9 16
Solution:

𝟓
Answer:
𝟏𝟐
𝑥 −1 −𝑦 −1
4. Simplify 1 1 .
𝑥 3 −𝑦 3
Solution:

𝟑
− √𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑√𝒙𝒚− 𝟑√𝒚
Answer:
𝒙𝒚

𝑏 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
5. If a, b and c are real numbers such that = 5and = 2, what is the value of ?
𝑎 𝑐 𝑏+𝑐
Solution:

Since we already have a uniform values for a, b, and c. we can say that
a:b:c=2:10:5

Solving for the value of .

𝟒
Answer:
𝟓
 𝑥 𝑥
6. If 𝑥 ≠ 0, = 𝑦 2 and = 3𝑦, what is x?
9 3
Solution:

Now, we substitute this y to the first equation,

we equate this to 0,

Answer: x = 9
7. If f(x) = x2 + 6x + 9, what is f(x – 3)?
Solution:

Answer: x2
8. If f(x) = x2 + 1 and g(x) = x – 1, for all real numbers x, for what real number a does
f(g(-a)) = g(f(-a))?
Solution:

Therefore, the answers are 0 and -1.

Answer: a = -1 and 0
9. Solve for x in √3 + √𝑥 = 3.
Solution:

Answer: x = 36
 2𝑥 𝑥+2
10. Solve for x in the equation + = 2.
𝑥+2 2𝑥
Solution:

let A=2x, B=x+2,

Plugging in the real values of A and B we have,

Answer: x = 2
3
11. If 𝑥 ≠ 1, solve for x in 2√𝑥 + = 5.
√𝑥
Solution:

These factors will immediately tell us that the values of x are 1 and 9/4. By quick
check however, 9/4 fails to satisfy the original equation. Thus, the only solution is
1.
Answer: 1

12. Evaluate √2 + √2 + √2 + √2 + ⋯ .
Solution:
Let x be equal to
Square both sides,

The square root of a positive number will always be positive. Thus, the
answer is2. -1 is an extraneous root.
Answer: x = 2

13. Find two consecutive positive integers whose product is 506.

Solution:
 Answer: 22 and 23
14. If c > a > 0 and if a – b + c = 0, find the larger root of ax2 + bx + c = 0.
Solution:
Let x and y be the roots of equation.
*

**
Solve for c in terms of a and b

***
We substitute *** to c of *,

****
From ** we solve for b/a,

We substitute this to ****

Answer: -1
15. Solve for x in 2x2 + x < 6.
Solution:

Answer: -2 < x < 3/2 or (-2,3/2)

16. Solve for real numbers x satisfying the inequality x - 2√𝑥 ≤ 3.
Solution:

Obviously, -2 is an extraneous root since we have square root of x in the left side
of equation and the square root of any number will always be greater than 0.
Thus,

Answer: x < 9
17. Find the minimum value of x2 – 8x + 3.
Solution:

Answer: min = -13

5
18. Find the smallest value of 𝑥 + , for all real numbers x.
𝑥
Solution:

Answer: 𝟐√𝟓
19. Solve for b in the equation (x+1)(x+a) = x2 + bx + 3.
Solution:

Answer: b = 4
20. Write the quadratic equation with integer coefficients
whose roots are the reciprocal of the roots of 2x2 - 3x + 1 = 0.
Solution:
Find the solution of the original equation,
2x 1x 1  0
x = ½ and x = 1
Their reciprocals are x = 2 and x = 1
Write the equation. x  2x 1  0
x 2  3x  2  0
Answer: x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
21. Compute the sum of all the roots of (x – 2)(x + 1) + (x – 1)(x + 4) = 0.
Solution:

The sum of the roots of this quadratic equation is the negative ratio of b and a.
Thus, the sum is -1.
Answer: -1
22. If r and s are the roots of x2 + x – 1= 0, evaluate (r + s)2.
Solution:
The sum of the roots (r + s) = -1,
therefore the (r + s)2 = 1
Answer: 1
23. For what value(s) of m are the roots of (m – 1)x2 – mx + 1 = 0 equal?
Solution:
When the roots are equal, the discriminant is zero.
Using b2 – 4ac = m2 – 4(m-1)(1)
= m2 – 4m + 4
= (m – 2)2
m=2
Answer: 2
24. It is known that y varies as the square of x and that y = 8 when x = 1. What is y when
x = 8?
Solution:
y  kx2
 
8  k 12
then
y  864 
k 8 y  512
Answer: 512
25. Suppose that x and y are inversely proportional and are positive quantities. By what
percent does y decrease if x is increased by 25%?
Solution:
k
y
x
k
y
1.25 x
0 .8 k
y
x
Answer: 20%
26. If 4 men can paint a house in 5 days, in how many days can 10 men paint the same
house?
Solution:
k
d 
m
k 20
5 then d
4 10
d 2
20  k
Answer: 2 days
27. If y is proportional to the cube of x and x is proportional to the fourth power of z, then
y is proportional to which power of z?
Solution:
y  kx3
x  kz 4
y  k z4  
3

y  kz12
Answer: 12
28. Running at uniform speed in a race, Allan can beat Ben by 20m, Ben can beat Carlo
by 10m and Allan can beat Carlo by 28m.How long is the race?
Solution:
Let d be the distance of the race,
Let r1 be the rate of Alice
Let r2 be the rate of ben
 Let r3 be the rate of Carlo
Formulating equation:
For Alice: d = r1(t)
For Ben: d – 20 = r2(t)
Since Alice finished 20 m ahead of Ben and the time is equal. Equating time we
have,

#
For “Ben can beat Carlo by 10 m”. For Ben’s rate equation: d=
r2t
For Carlo’s rate equation, d – 10 = r3t
Equating the time,

We can rewrite this as follows,

##
For “Alice can beat Carlo by 28 m”
Alice’s rate equation: d = r1t
For Carlo’s equation: d – 28 = r3t
equating time,

###
Now, we observe these 3 equations. We equate the first equation and last
equation since the ratio of the distance and the rate of Alice is just the same.

We can rewrite this equation as follows,

But we have the ratio of Carlo’s rate to Bob’s rate in ##,thus,

Answer: 100 meters

29. Find the measure of the vertex angle of an isosceles triangle whose base angles
measures 65˚.
Solution: 180  265  180 130  50
Answer: 50
30. Find x if the angles of a quadrilateral measure x˚, (2x + 10)˚, (3x + 20)˚ and (4x –
30)˚.
Solution:
x  2 x  10  3x  20  4 x  30  360
10 x  360
x  36
Answer: 36
31. An equilateral triangle and a square have the same perimeter. What is the ratio of
the length of a side of the triangle to the length of a side of the square?
Solution:
 PT  PS
3a  4b
a 4

b 3
Answer: 4:3
32. John cuts an equilateral triangular paper whose sides measure 2cm into pieces. He
then rearranges the pieces to form a square without overlapping. How long is the side
of the square formed?
Solution:

Since the area of this triangle is equal to the area of the square, we can use the
formula of the area of the square to find the length of the side.

𝟒
Answer: √𝟑 𝒄𝒎
33. The sides of a triangle are of lengths 5, 12 and 13. What is the length of the shortest
altitude?
Solution:

𝟔𝟎
Answer:
𝟏𝟑

34. Each side of triangle ABC measures 8cm. If D is foot of the altitude drawn from A to
the side BC and E is the midpoint of AD, how long is the segment BE?
Solution:

First use the concept of 30-60-90, therefore AD = 4 3 ,

Then ED = 2 3
Then use Pythagorean Theorem, to get BE
2 3   4
2 2
 x2
12  16  x 2
28  x 2
x2 7
Answer: 𝟐√𝟕 cm
35. A point E is chosen inside a square of side 8cm such that it is equidistant from to
adjacent vertices of the square and the side opposite these vertices. Find the common
distance.
Solution:

4 2  8  x   x 2
2

16  64  16 x  x 2  x 2
80  16 x
x5

Answer: 5 cm
36. A point E is drawn inside rectangle ABCD and its distances from A, B and C are 2cm,
3cm and 4cm. How far is E from D?
Solution:
Solve using British Flag Theorem,

Answer: √𝟏𝟏 cm
37. Find the area of a rectangle with diagonal of length 10cm is twice as long as it is
wide.
Solution:
The diagonal, length, and the width of the rectangle will form a right triangle.
Let x be the width and the length will be 2x as given.
Using Pythagorean theorem,

Thus, the length is 4√𝟓

Finding the area:

Answer: 40 sq. cm.

1
38. Triangle ABC has a right angle at C. If sin A = , what is cos A?
3
Solution:
 Solving for cosA:

Where a is the adjacent side to the angle A and H is the hypotenuse.

𝟐√𝟐
Answer:
𝟑
39. A side of a triangle measures 3cm. A line segment is drawn parallel to this side,
forming a trapezoid whose area is 2/3 of the area of the triangle. How long is the line
segment?
Solution:
Since the segment is parallel to the
side with length 3, two similar
triangles will be formed.
We let A be the area of the bigger triangle.

2
Given that the area of the trapezoid is of A,
3
2A A
the area of smaller traingle is 1  .
3 3

Using the side-area relationship of two similar polygons, we have

Where s1 and s2 are the length of the sides of bigger and smaller triangle
respectively. A1 and A2 are the corresponding areas.

Answer: √𝟑 cm

40. A cone has volume 64m3. If the cone is cut parallel to the base at a distance from
the vertex equal to ¼ of the height of the cone, what is the volume of the resulting cone?
Solution:
The volume of the larger cone
can be expressed as,

The volume of smaller cone

 can be expressed as,

Since the height is 1/4 of the bigger cone, the radius will follow this proportion
since the cones formed here are congruent.(Parallel cut)

Dividing the volumes we have,

Answer: 1 cubic meter

41. In the figure, ABCD is a square with diagonal

2cm long and AEC is an equilateral triangle.
Find the area of the quadrilateral AECB.

Solution:
1
Area AECB  Area AEC  Area ABCD
2
a2 3 b2
 
4 2


22 3

 2
2

4 2
 3 1
Answer:√𝟑 − 𝟏 𝒔𝒒. 𝒄𝒎.
42. Pegs are put on a board 1cm apart both horizontally
and vertically. What is the area of the quadrilateral
formed by stretching a rubber band over four pegs as
shown in the figure?
Solution:
B
Using Pick’s Formula A  I  1
2
Where I = number of interior points
B = number of boundary points
4
A  6  1
2
 6  2 1
7
Answer: 7 sq. cm.
43. In the figure, ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid with AB as its longest side and O divides
the diagonals AC and BD in the ratio 1 : 2. What is the area of ABCD if the area of BOC
is 2m2?

Answer: 18 sq. cm.

44. On triangle ABC, D and E are the midpoints of BC and AB, respectively. The median
AD meets CE at F. If the area of the triangle EFA is 1cm2, what is the area of triangle
ABC?
Solution:

Answer: 6 sq. cm.

45. Equilateral triangle ABC has side of length 2cm, M is the midpoint of AC and B is the
midpoint of CD. What is the area of ΔMCD?
Solution:
h
Sin 60  
1cm
3
h
2
 
Area MCD 
1
4cm  3 cm 
2  2 
 3cm 2
Answer: √𝟑 𝒔𝒒. 𝒄𝒎.
46. Points D, E, and F are drawn one on each side of triangle ABC so that ADEF is a
rhombus. If the lengths of AC, AB and BC are 6, 12 and 8 respectively, how long is a
side of ADEF?
Solution:

Answer: 4
47. A rectangular piece of paper 4cm in length and 3cm in width is folded so that a pair
of diagonally opposite vertices coincide. How long is the crease(fold – mark)formed?
Solution:
 𝟏𝟓
Answer: 𝒄𝒎
𝟒
𝐴𝐷
48. In trapezoid ABCD, 𝐴𝐷 ∥ 𝐵𝐶and 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐶 = . Find ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷.
2
Solution:

mACD  60  30   90

Answer: 90
49. Two angles of a triangle measure 30˚ and 105˚ and the side between these two
angles measure 2cm. What is the perimeter of the triangle?
Solution:
Using law of sines:
a b c
 
sin A sin B sin C
2 b c

 

sin 45 sin 30 sin 105
2 b c
 
2 1 6 2
2 2 4
Solving for b Solving for c
2 b 2 c
 
2 1 2 6 2
2 2 2 4
4 4 4c
 2b 
2 2 6 2
4 2 6 2
 2b c
2 2
b 2 c  3 1
Perimeter of the triangle = a + b + c
2  2  3 1
3  2  3 cm 
Answer:(𝟑 + √𝟐 + √𝟑)𝒄𝒎
50. How many noncongruent triangles with perimeter 9 have sides of integer length?
Solution:
In a triangle, the sum of the measures of any two sides is greater than the measure of the third
side.
Therefore, the possible integer lengths of the triangle with perimeter 9 are the following:
2, 3, 4; 1, 4, 4 and 3, 3, 3
Answer: 3 non congruent triangles