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25/12/2018 Concrete Mix Ratios (Cement, Sand, Gravel)

Mortar Mix Ratios (Cement, Sand, Gravel)

Mortar Types and Uses


Page last modified on: 07/01/2018 08:11:22

Typically used as the compound for joining masonry, stone or ceramic units together, mortar is made
by combining cement, lime and sand. Mortar typically has a higher water to cement ratio when
compared with concrete which allows greater workability and is required to form mortars bonding
properties. Typical mortar types are discussed below and a basic guide to mix ratio's and expected
minimum compressive strengths has been provided.

Type M Mortar: Typically used with stone construction as it has the strongest minimum compressive
strength of the mortar types. It is ideally suited to below ground applications and areas where high
vertical or lateral loads are present such as retaining walls.

Type S Mortar: A medium strength mortar suited to below ground applications such as shallow
retaining walls and exterior projects where moderate loads can be expected. Type S mortar is also
ideal for areas where masonry or other block work is in contact with the ground, such as pavers.

Type N Mortar: A general purpose mortar it is the most common type available with good all round
characteristics. It is used for above ground exterior applications and load bearing walls. Type N
mortar provides lower bonding and lateral strength when compared to Type S and M mortar types
but has considerably more flex which prevents cracking of any block-work or masonry units. A good
all round mortar for general purpose applications.

Type O Mortar: A low strength mortar intended for interior non-loading bearing applications such as
aesthetic repair work to existing damaged mortar. It is easier to work with than the stronger type
mortars and is sometimes used in conjunction with low strength masonry units and sandstone.

Type K Mortar: Having the lowest compressive strength of the traditional mortar types, this type of
mortar does not provide any additional strength or bearing capacity and is only adopted where very
soft or fragile masonry or stone is required. It is used for historical preservation projects and is also
suitable for minor repair work.

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