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CBSE 12th Physics

Chapter 10 (Wave Optics)
Important Unsolved Questions

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 CBSE 12th Physics
Unsolved Important Questions
Chapter 10

1 Mark Questions:
Q.1. How would the angular separation of interference fringes in young’s double slit
experiment change when the distance between the slits and screen is doubled?

Q.2. How does the angular separation between fringes in single-slit diffraction
experiment change when the distance of separation between the slit and screen is
doubled?

Q.3. How does the fringe width of interference fringes change, when the whole
apparatus of young’s experiment is kept in a liquid of refractive index 1.3?

Q.4. What type of wave front will emerge from a (i) point source, and (ii) distant light
source?

Q.5. A glass lens of refractive index 1.45 disappears when immersed in a liquid. What is
the value of refractive index of the liquid?

Q.6. When monochromatic light travels from one medium to another its wavelength
changes but frequency remains the same, Explain.

2 Mark Questions:
Q.7. State one by which the phenomenon of interference can be distinguished from that
of diffraction.
A parallel beam of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally con a slit ‘a’. If the
distance between the slits and the screen is 0.8 m and the distance of 𝟐𝒏𝒅 order
maximum from the center of the screen is 15 mm, calculate the width of the slit.

Q.8. Define the term ’linearly polarized light’.

When does the intensity of transmitted light become maximum, when a polaroid sheet is
rotated between two crossed polaroid’s’’?

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3 Mark Questions:
Q.9. Distinguish between unpolished and plane polarized light. An unpolished light is
incident on the boundary between two transparent media. State the condition when the
reflected wave is totally plane polarized find out the expression for the angle of
incidence in this case.

Q.10. In Young’s double slit experiment, monochromatic light of wavelength 630 nm

illuminates pair of slits and produces interference pattern in which two consecutive
bright fringes are separated by 8. 1 mm. Another source of monochromatic light
produces the interference pattern in which the two consecutive bright fringes are
separated by 7. 2mm. Find the wavelength of light from the second source.
What is the effect on the interference fringes if the monochromatic source is replaced by
a source of white light?

Q.11. In young’s double slit experiment, the two slits 0.15 mm apart are illuminated by
chromatic light of wavelength 450 nm. The screen is 1.0 m away from the slits.
(a) Find the distance of the second (i) bright fringe, (ii) dark from the central maximum.
(b) How will the fringe pattern change if the screen is moved away from the slits?

Q.12. How does polarized light get polarized when passed through a polaroid? Two
polaroid are set in crossed positions. A polaroid is placed between the two making an
angle with the pass axis of the first polaroid. Write the expression for the intensity of
light transmitted from the second polaroid. In what orientations will the transmitted
intensity be (i) minimum and (ii) maximum?

Q.13. The velocity of a certain monochromatic light, in a given transparent medium

𝟐. 𝟐𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝒎/𝒔. What is the (a) critical angle of incidence, (b) polarizing angle for this
medium?

Q.14. (a) What is linearly polarized light? Describe briefly using a diagram how
sunlight is polarized.
(b) Unpolarised light is incident on a polaroid. How would the intensity of transmitted
light change? when the polaroid is rotated?

Q.15. (a) Using the phenomenon of polarization, show, how transverse nature of light
can be demonstrated.
(b) Two polaroid 𝐏𝟏 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝟐 are placed with their pass axes perpendicular to each other.
Un-polarized light of intensity 10 is incident on 𝐏𝟏 . A third polaroid 𝐏𝟑 is kept in
between 𝐏𝟏 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝟐 such that its pass axis makes an angle of 300 with that of 𝐏𝟏 .
Determine the intensity transmitted through 𝐏𝟏 , 𝐏𝟐 and 𝐏𝟑 .

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Q.16. How is a wave front defined? Using Huygens’s construction draw a figure
showing the propagation of a plane wave refracting at a plane surface separating two
media. Hence verify smell’s law of refraction.

Q.17. In a single slit diffraction experiment, when a tiny circular obstacle is placed in
the path of light from a distant source, a bright spot is seen at the Centre of the shadow
of the obstacle. Explain why?

State two points of difference between the interference pattern obtained in Young's
double slit experiment and the diffraction pattern due to a single slit.

Q.18. Describe Young's double slit experiment to produce interference pattern due to a
monochromatic source of light. Deduce the expression for the fringe width.

Q.19. (a) Describe briefly, with the help of suitable diagram, how the transverse nature
of light can be demonstrated by the phenomenon of polarization.
(b) When polarized light passes from air to a transparent medium, under what
condition does the reflected light get polarized?

Q.20. (a) Why are coherent sources necessary to produce a sustained interference
pattern?
(b) In Young's double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength 𝝀, the
intensity of light at a point on the screen where path difference is 𝝀, is K units. Find out
the intensity of light at a point where path difference is 𝝀⁄𝟑.

Q.21. Use Huygens's principle to explain the formation of diffraction pattern due to a
single slit illuminated by a monochromatic source of light.
When the width of the slit is made double the original width, how would this affect the
size and intensity of the central diffraction band?

Q.22. (a) In what way is diffraction from each slit related to the interference pattern in a
double slit experiment?
(b) Two wavelength of sodium light 590 nm and 596 nm are used, in turn, to study the
diffraction taking place at a single slit of aperture 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 𝒎.The distance between the
slit
and the screen is 1.5.m. Calculate the separation between the positions of the first
maxima
of the diffraction pattern obtained in the two cases.

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Q.16. (a) If one of two identical slits producing interference in Young’s experiment is
covered with glass, so that the light intensity passing through it is reduced to 50%, find
the ratio of the maximum and minimum intensity of the fringe in the interference
pattern.
(b) What kind of fringes do you expect to observe if white light is used instead of
monochromatic light?

5 Marks Questions:
Q.17. (a) What are coherent sources of light? Two slits in Young’s double slit
experiment are illuminated by two different sodium emitting light of the same
wavelength. Why is no interference pattern observed?
(b) Obtain the condition for getting dark and bright fringes in Young’s experiment.
Hence write the expression for the fringe width.
(c) If s is the size of the source and its distance from the plane of the two slits, what
should be the interference fringe to be seen?

Q.18. State the importance of coherent sources in the phenomenon of interference. In

Young's double slit experiment to produce interference pattern, obtain the conditions
for constructive and destructive interference. Hence deduce the expression for the
fringe width. How does the fringe width get affected, if the entire experimental
apparatus of Young is immersed in water?

Q.19. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 800 nm and 600 nm is used to
obtain the interference fringes in young’s double slit experiment on a screen placed
1.4m away. If the two slits are separated by 0.28 mm. calculate the least distance from
the central bright maximum where the bright fringes of the two wavelength coincide.

Q.20. (a) How does an un-polarized light incident on polaroid get polarized?
Describe briefly, with the help of a necessary diagram, the polarization of light by
reflection from a transparent medium.

(b) Two polaroid ‘A’ and ‘B’ are kept in crossed position. How should a third polaroid
‘C’ be placed between them so that the intensity of polarized light transmitted by
polaroid B reduced to 1/8th of the intensity of un-polarized light incident on A?

Q.21. (a) In young’s double slit experiment, describe briefly how bright and dark
fringes are obtained on the screen kept in front of a double slit. Hence obtain the
expression for the fringe width.
(b) the ratio of the intensity at minima to the maxima in young’s double slit experiment
is 9:25. Find the ratio of the widths of the two slits.

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Q.22. State Huygens’s principle. Show, with the help of a, suitable diagram, how this
principle is used to obtain the diffraction pattern by a single slit. Draw a plot of
intensity distribution and explain clearly why the secondary maxima become weaker
with increasing order (n) of the secondary maxima.

Q.23. (a) Define a wavefront. Using Huygens’ principle, verify the laws of reflection at a
plane surface.
(b) In a single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit is made double the
original width. How does this affect the size and intensity of the central diffraction
band? Explain.
(c) When a tiny circular obstacle is placed in the path of light from a distant source, a
bright spot is seen at the centre of the obstacle. Explain why.

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20161718/#physics
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