Alvensk Grammar Book 

& 
Dictionary
 
 
 
Pronunciation 1

Pronouns 6

Gender 8

Nouns 9

Plurals 9

Articles 11

Verbs 11

Verb Cases 12

Tenses 12

Adjectives and reflexives 13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Introduction 
 
In this book you will be taught the Grammar and vocabulary of Alvensk. Alvensk is a 
nordic language with its closest relative being swedish. You will see many similar 
words and grammar to swedish. Within the next month or so you should know all basic 
grammar to be able to use your dictionary to create complex sentences. 
 
 
 
 
Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

 
 

Pronunciation
 
In this chapter you will learn how to pronounce each letter individually and then you 
will learn how to pronounce​ ​any other special sounds. They can either be made of more 
than one letter or have some rule to accompany it. This chapter will make use of the IPA 
(International Pronunciation Alphabet) to represent the different sounds. You can find 
many resources on what each symbol means. This is done to have each sound taught 
exactly as they are. This chapter will also make us of Pronunciation charts. To this you 
will be taught how it works. 
 
 
Pronunciation Charts: 
 
Consonants: 
 
Consonants and vowels have their own charts, now you will learn the consonant chart. 
These charts will have the normal non-IPA letters and IPA characters of english fo the 
understanding. Below is the consonant chart: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
​Place   
Manner  Voicing  Bilabial  Labio-  Inter-  Alveolar  Palatal  Velar  Glottal 
dental  Dental 

  Voiceles P /p/      T /t/    K /k/   

Stop  s       
  B /b/  D /d/  G /g/ 
Voiced 
  Voiceles   F /f/  Th /θ/  S /s/  Sh /​ʃ /   H /h/ 
Fricative  s       
  V /v/  Th /​ð​/  Z /z/ 
Voiced  J /ʒ/
  Voiceles         Ch     
Affricative 
s 
/​t͡ʃ/
 
Voiced 
J /d͡ʒ/
Nasal  Voiced  M /m/      N /n/    -ng /​ŋ/   
 

Lateral  Voiced        L /l/       

(liquid) 

Rhotic  Voiced        R /r/       

(liquid) 

Glide  Voiced  W /w/        Y /j/     

 
 

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Charts like these are used to help us pronounce sounds in other languages, we can map 
sounds onto these charts and share them with others to help them learn. Now we will 
look at the vowel chart for English. We use different charts for Consonants and Vowels 
to distinguish between the different sounds 
  Front  Near Front  Central  Near back  Back 

Close  I /i/      U /u/   

Near Close    I /​ɪ/    oo /​ʊ/   

Near Mid          O /​ɔ/ 

Mid      E /​ɛ,ə/    
 

Open Mid  E /e/    A,U,O /​ʌ/     

Near Open  A /​æ/        A /​ɒ/ 

Open          A /​ɑ/ 
​Now that you know how the IPA charts work, you can now learn Alvensk pronunciation with 
them. Below is both vowels and consonants for Alvensk. Keep in mind these will be different. If 
you have troubles pronouncing any of these then you should use outside resources like the 
internet to search each sound you need help with. 
  Front  Near Front  Central  Near back  Back 

Close      I /​ɨ​/     
U /​ʉᵊ/
U​ /ʉᵊː/

Near Close    I /​ɪ/      O/​ɔ​ː/ 

Near Mid  E /e/         

Ø /​ø/ 

Mid           

Open Mid  E /​ɛ/       O /​ɔ​/ 

Ø /​œ/ 

Near Open  Ӓ /​æ/         

Ӓ /​æː/ 

Open          A /​ɑː/

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

A /​ɑ/
Å /o/ 
Å /jo​ː/ 

   
 
 
 
​Place   
Manne Voicin Bilabia Labio-  Inter-  Alveola Palata Velar  Uvular  Glotta
r  g  l  dental  Denta r  l  l 
l 

  Voicele P /p/      T /t/    K /k/     

Stop  ss       
  B /b/  D /d/  G /g/ 
Voice
d 
  Voicele   F /f/    S /s/  Skj ​/ʃ/  -ng  sj/kj -  H /h​ᵊ/ 
Fricativ ss      /​ŋ/  /​ʁ/ 
e    V /v/  Z /z/ 
Voice
d 
 
Affricativ
Voicele                
ss 
e 
 
Voice
d 

Nasal  Voice M /m/      N /n/         

d 
 

Latera Voice       L /l/         

l  d 
(liqui
d) 

Rhotic  Voice       R/r/         

(liqui d 
d) 

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Glide  Voice W /w/        J /j/       

d 
 

This is all the Alvensk ​Phonology ​( The Linguistic term for the sound people make while
speaking a certain language). Now we will look at the ​Orthography ​( The way a language is
written, I.e. English with its Alphabet).

Alvensk uses the same alphabet as english with some more letters added in. Alvensk may use
the same looking letters but they use it in a different way and vowels have a special rule with
them. So first we will look at the straightforward consonants.

What the sound is written as The sound

Bb “B” in ​b​at

Ss “S” in ​s​at

Dd “D” in ​da
​ y

Ff “F” in ​f​ree

Gg “G” in ​g​et

Hh “H” in ​ha
​ t

Jj “Y” in ​y​ou

Kk “K” in ​k​itchen

Ll “L” in ​la
​ mp

Mm “M” in ​m​ap

Nn “N” in ​na
​ p

Pp “P” in ​p​ark

Rr Rolled like a spanish r

Tt “T” in ​t​eam

Vv “V” in ​v​an

Ww “W” in ​w​ill

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Zz “Z” in ​z​ebra

Skj “Sh” in ​sh​oe

Sj/Js/Kj Gutteral r like in french

Vowels have a system similar to swedish. Each vowel has two versions of itself. One is called
the long vowel, the other is a short vowel. There are two rules to tell you if it is a long or short
vowel. If it is long then it must have either, a double consonant like “ll”, or it must be a two
syllable word and the first vowel must already be long. Otherwise all vowels are short with Å
being interchangeable for the most part. Here is a chart to illustrate them:

Aa Ӓӓ Åå Ee Ii Yy Oo Øø Uu

Short “A” in “A” in How “E” in “I” in “Oo” in The “Er”in “Oo” in
a​w r​a​t you e​dit w​il​ l b​oo​k “o” in british f​oo​d
say ​ g
l​on Butt​er
the
letter
“o”

Long Hold it Hold Like Like “Y” in Hold it How Hold it Hold
longer the a the how abb​y longer you longer the u
and longer word you say longer
purse “yo” say the
your the letter
lips letter “o”
“a”

Now you should know how to red and pronounce Alvensk. Now we will move on to pronouns.

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Pronouns
Now we will learn the Alvensk pronouns. A Pronoun is a word used to describe a person or
thing your talking about without saying its name. English pronouns include; he. She, I, You, me ,
They, ​We, You Guys/ Y’all, and it. We will learn the Alvensk version of all of these and the 
possessive pronouns​. ​The pronouns in Alensk are pretty simple and ca be directly translated 
into english. Because of this we can look at the table below to learn them. 
 
 
English  Alvensk 

I  Jak  

You  Du  

It  Dette / Et (informal) 

They  Detta  

Me  Mig  

She  hånn 

he  hann 

You (plural)  okkar 

 
 
The pronouns are used the same way you’d use them in english. There is only two irregular 
verbs which rely on what pronoun you use in the sentence. Now we will look at possessive 
pronouns, or pronouns you used when describing something you own. Such as; mine, yours, 
his, hers etc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

English  Alvensk 

Mine  Mina  

Yours  Ditt  

Theirs  Ders  

Hers   Hånne  

His   Hanne  

Its  Derj  

Yours (plural)  okki 

 
Now that we know the pronouns we can look at the gender noun classes. 

Gender 
Gender in Alvensk is similar to Swedish but closer to German. Regardless of the last sound, the 
last letter is categorized into the different genders. A table to show the genders is below: 
 
 
Male  Female  Neuter 

e  a  k 

i  å  y 

n  ä  u 

r  j  b 

ng  d  l 

t  f  w 

z  g   

v  h   

ø  m   

o  p   

  s   

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

 
The application of this is using in inflections and conjugations. For example the word the 
becomes a suffix that varies based on the gender. Later on gender will repeatedly reappear in 
grammar, so learning which letter is which gender is very important. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Nouns
Nouns in Alvensk are first classed by gender as stated in the last chapter, they are also inflected 
by case. One thing you will quickly realize is Alvensk has a lot of inflection. First gender tells 
you what versions of the suffixes you inflect with. Then you need to see what case the noun is in, 
then finally you inflect accordingly. In Alvensk there is only two casses you can inflect nouns 
with, such as with verbs, but they use only one case. The two cases of Alvensk nouns are; 
Nominative case and Objective Case. each of which are abbreviated as Nom. and Obj. so there 
are six possible noun inflections if your inflecting, more on that in the grammar chapter. Below 
is a chart for you; 
 
 
Gender  Male  Female  Neuter 

Nom.  -  -  -u 

Obj.       

Dat.  -am  -om  -um 

Gen.  -i  -  -i 

 
How do we know if its Nom or Obj? 
 
 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Think of english grammar. The nomm is the subject and the objectwell is the object. You only 
inflect when there is an adjective. You can only inflect nouns when there is an adjective. 
Otherwise you never inflect nouns ever. This is used for when you have a question with a 
adjective in it, well originally now it is used when there is an adjective in general. 
 
 

Plurals
Much like swedish Alvensk uses prefixes to make thing plural. Plural is the s in english that 
makes words become more then one. Take; apple (one apple) and apple​s​ (more than one). In 
alvensk you add (gender letter)r to the end of words. If their already is a vowel there then you 
just add r. Here is another chart for you to understand better 
 
 
 
 
 
Male  Female  Neuter 

-(a)r  -(o)r  -(e)r 

 
 
 
 
Using these you can pluralize any noun. But what if your inflecting a noun already? Just add the 
plural before the inflection. So houses in the nominative case is “​Huseri​”(houses [nom.]) ​ ​. this 
rule applies to other inflections but there is an order to it. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Articles
Articles in linguistics include “the” ( definite article) and “a” (indefinite article). In english we 
use just “the” and “a” and sometimes “an”. But in alvensk we have just one form of a and three 
genders to work with. With Alvensk “the” always becomes a suffix, you add it to the end of a 
word. Here is your chart 
 
“The” 
Male  Female  Neuter 

-(e)n  -(a)n  -(e)tt 

 
Note that if there is already a vowel at the end of a word you only add the things that are not in 
brackets. 
 
Now the word “a/an”. In Alvensk “a/an” is a seperate word you add before the noun you are 
describing. Here is a table of the separate gender “a/an”s 
 
 
Male  Female  Neuter 

en  an  ett 

 
Have you noticed something? Yes for “the” you just add “a” as a suffix. Those Are the basic 
principles of the articles.  
 
“The” always goes first when make a “plural, Objective noun” like “​huseteru​”(the houses [obj]). 
The final order of the different noun inflections is: ​Noun-Article-Plural-Case Marker 
 

 
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 Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Now you know everything there is to know about nouns. You know the inflections, gender, and 
pronunciation. Now we will move on to verbs in Alvensk. 
 

Verbs
Verbs in Alvensk work a little differently from nouns, for one they take two totally different 
cases and three tenses. The tenses in Alvensk are; Future, Present, Past. it is very easy to learn 
these markers. The two different cases are; Perfect, and imperfect. Perfect means you for sure 
do it for example; “I did that” and “ you were doing your homework”. This was an introduction 
to verbs 
 

Verb Cases
There are two verb cases; Perfect and Imperfect. You use perfect when your definite that 
something is happening and imperfect when something is unsure. Example of both; 
 
Imperfect:  
 
you could have done that (past tense). 
Perhaps you can see (present) 
You might be doing that (future) 
 
Perfect: 
 
You did that (past) 
You are doing that (present) 
You will do that (future) 
 
In alvensk you mark your verbs with another inflection! And depending on gender this can 
change a lot; 
 
 
  Imperfect | Perfect  Imperfect | Perfect  Imperfect | Perfect 

  Male  Female  Neuter 

 

Infinitive  -umer | -a  -umer | -o  -umer | -ur 

 
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 Alvensk Grammar Book & Dictionary 

Genitive   -ider | -ir  -ader | -a  -eder | - e 

Past tense  -ander | - anter  - andar | - antar  - andir | -antir 

 
As before with articles you either add the vowel or consonant or both. The bracket signify that 
if there is another one of the respective sounds (consonant, vowel) next to it then you don't add 
another one. 
 

Tenses
There are three tenses in Alvensk, Future, Present, and Past. For present you leave the verb 
alone, and for future you add a word before the verb somewhat like english. But for the past 
tense you add a suffix, only one this time no gender either. You add “ ​-(o)te”​ to the end of a verb 
and you can get the past tense. For future you add yet again only one marker, “​får​” before your 
verb.  

Adjectives and reflexives

An adjective is a word to describe a noun. For adjectives you must add a reflexive word after it. 
Like many other grammar concepts the reflexive pronoun is gender dependant. Here is the 
final chart; 
 
 
Male  Female  Neuter 

om  am  um 

 
You have to always use these when you use the adjective to describe a pronoun. 
 
 
Now you should know all the grammar used in Alvensk. You can (with the aid of a dictionary) 
create perfect sentences and pronounce them correctly as well. 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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