Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Technical Guide
Version 6.1
T390/EN TG/B23
GRID
Technical Guide T390/EN TG/B23
Contents
e-terragridcomT390 Page 1/2
T390
CONTENTS
Safety Section
BLANK PAGE
Safety Section
SAFETY SECTION
Safety Section
(SS) - 1/6
1. INTRODUCTION 2
(SS) - 2/6
1. INTRODUCTION
This Safety Section and the relevant equipment documentation provide full information on
safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment. This Safety Section also
includes reference to typical equipment label markings.
The technical data in this Safety Section is typical only, see the technical data section of the
relevant equipment documentation for data specific to a particular equipment.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment the user should be familiar with
the contents of this Safety Section and the ratings on the equipment’s rating
label.
Reference should be made to the external connection diagram before the equipment is
installed, commissioned or serviced.
Language specific, self-adhesive User Interface labels are provided in a bag for some
equipment.
• Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and
of the system to which it is being connected;
• Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety
engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and
to isolate, ground, and label it;
• Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety
engineering practices;
(SS) - 3/6
Note: This symbol may also be used for a Protective Conductor (Earth) terminal if that
terminal is part of a terminal block or sub-assembly e.g. power supply.
(SS) - 4/6
(SS) - 5/6
Disposal
It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water courses is avoided.
The equipment should be disposed of in a safe manner. Any equipment
containing batteries should have them removed before disposal, taking
precautions to avoid short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of
operation, may apply to the disposal of the equipment.
Safety Section
(SS) - 6/6
6.4 Environment
The equipment is intended for indoor installation and use only. If it is required for use in an
outdoor environment then it must be mounted in a specific cabinet of housing which will
enable it to meet the requirements of IEC 60529 with the classification of degree of
protection IP54 (dust and splashing water protected).
Pollution Degree - Pollution Degree 2 Compliance is demonstrated by reference to safety
Altitude - Operation up to 2000m standards.
IEC 60255-27:2005
EN 60255-27: 2005
e-terragridcomT390
General Presentation
Version 6.1
T390/EN GP/B23
GRID
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 9
1.1 Overview 9
1.2 Modularity 10
1.3 Standards – References 10
1.4 Precaution 11
1.5 Technical document list 11
2. SYSTEM INFORMATION 12
2.1 Hardware description 12
2.2 Units Combination Sets 13
2.3 Config table: Functions description 13
2.4 Firmware description 14
2.4.1 Main Features list 14
2.4.2 Digital or Mixed mode feature list 15
2.4.3 Analogue mode feature list 15
2.4.4 Feature licence key list 16
2.5 Remote and Local Configuration 17
2.6 Management (using SNMP protocol (optional) 17
2.7 LAN to LAN function (optional) 17
2.8 Fallback Mode (digital mode only) 18
2.9 AES password Encryption (Optional ) 18
2.10 Rates (digital mode only) 19
2.11 HMI 19
3. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 20
3.1 Mechanical - Design 20
3.1.1 Mechanical constraints: 20
3.1.2 Mechanical Size 20
3.2 Power supply 21
3.3 Available units 21
3.3.1 Amplifier units 21
3.3.2 Processing Units 22
3.3.3 Teleprotection Units 22
4. TRANSMISSION MEDIUM 23
4.1 R.F Bandwidth 23
4.1.1 Overview 23
4.1.2 Bandwitdh allocation 24
4.1.3 Interband overview 25
4.1.4 Hardware filters 25
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
5. DIGITAL SERVICES 30
5.1 Data service specifications 30
5.1.1 Overview 30
5.1.2 V11 service description 30
5.1.3 V24/V28 service description 32
5.1.4 RS232 data service (processing local service) 35
5.2 Speech & Signaling service specifications 35
5.2.1 Speech 35
5.2.2 Signaling service 36
5.2.3 Universal telephone Unit feature 37
5.2.4 Maintenance phone handset feature 37
6. ANALOGUE SERVICES 38
6.1 DATA service (Built-in modem or MTU) 38
6.1.1 Description 38
6.1.2 Transmission delays 38
6.2 Speech interface (Telephony T0) 39
6.2.1 Description 39
6.2.2 Transmission delays 40
6.3 Telegraph interfaces (TG) 40
6.3.1 Description 40
6.3.2 Transmission delays 41
8. INTEGRATED TELEPROTECTION 44
8.1.1 Inputs 44
8.1.2 Outputs 45
8.2 System 46
8.3 Analog modes 46
8.3.1 Command Number 46
8.3.2 Coding mode 46
8.3.3 Command combination (dual tone mode only) 46
8.3.4 Set/Reset (dual tone mode only) 46
8.3.5 Working modes 46
8.3.6 Power repartition 47
8.3.7 Tone levels 47
8.3.8 Band used 47
8.3.9 Performance 47
8.3.10 Extra functions and Alarms 47
8.4 Digital modes 49
8.4.1 General characteristics 49
8.4.2 Electric path 49
8.4.3 Optical path 49
8.5 Alarms 50
8.5.1 Communication Alarm 50
8.5.2 Minor and Major alarms 50
8.5.3 User Alarms 50
8.6 Maintenance and monitoring 51
8.6.1 Monitoring functions 51
8.6.2 Maintenance functions 51
9. CHARACTERISTICS 52
9.1 T390-AMP/AMPX 52
9.2 Processing units 54
9.3 Teleprotection Unit 57
9.4 Other General Information 63
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
BLANK PAGE
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
BLANK PAGE
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Overview
The T390 is a Power Line Carrier (PLC) designed to cover the power utilities utility’s needs.
The equipment is suitable for conventional analogue transmission & services as well as new
digital services as noted in the Cigré PLC report:
“Digital Power Line Carrier/WG 35.09/ August 2000”.
It operates in the frequency range 20 to 700 kHz.
The system can operate different transmission:
• Digital Data transmission across standard interfaces such as V11, V24, etc
1.2 Modularity
The number of services and the distribution between speech and data is flexible.
Power Amplifier
Teleprotection
Processing
OPTIONAL
Higway Bus
TelephoneTelephone Telephone
Data
User Services
Telephone
User Services
Telephone Telephone
Telephone Telephone
User Services
Telephone
Data 1
User Services
Data n
Data n D0398ENa
Name Comments
IEC 60495 1993 edition
IEC 60834-1 Edition 2.0 (1999-10)
Cigré report Digital Power Line Carrier/WG 35.09/ August 2000
IEC 60663 Manual for planning of (SSB) PLC systems: Part 1 PLC systems
(1980)
IEC TS 61000-6-5 Generic standards – immunity for power station and substation
environments
EN60950 Low voltage directive
IEC or EN 61000-6-4 Generic standards – Emission standard for industrial environments
EN 55011 limits of conducted radio disturbance
EN 55022 limits of radiated radio disturbance
UIT-T (V,X)
1.4 Precaution
The T390 equipment should be properly installed and configured to make all described
features working, and to reach expected performance.
Installation procedure and rules are given in the manual T390/EN AP Chapter Installation
user guide.
General configuration of T390 equipment through the related IHM is given in the user
manuals T390/EN AM Amplifier Description, T390/EN PU Processing Unit, T390/EN OS
Overall System, T390/EN SU Service Unit (SRV unit is not yet available in version 6.1).
Several application notes and technical information are available to help you installing,
configuring and using properly the T390 equipment in order to reach optimal performance
(see technical documents within the application notes subfolder on last CDROM distribution
or contact your representative).
1.5 Technical document list
For more information, see related documents:
2. SYSTEM INFORMATION
2.1 Hardware description
The T390 hardware is split into 3 units groups:
signaling (E&M)
TΦ telephony +
Digital channel
Digital Speech
TG telegraphy
Teleprotection
QAM & trellis
MTU (FSK
SYSTEM
modem)
Up to 1
RS232
V11
Features Notes
HF Line amplifier: Output Power according to Tx filter insertion
loss and RF Bandwidth limitation, see the
• 1W up to 40W curves
• 2W up to 80W with AMP/AMPX
• Bal or unbalanced 50, 75, 125, 150 Ohms
• 20 to 700kHz, 0.12Hz steps
Teleprotection support (2.5k or 4kHz) The Teleprotection uses an analogue
channel distinct from digital channel.
However, the channel could be shared with
analogue services
Default history queue (non- volatile events) +
special recorder module
Data recorder with advanced triggering modes Up to 10 scopes with 3 tracks of 5000
points each
On-line & Off-line maintenance module For hardware & line verifications
or commissioning purpose
Dual Full programmable alarm module with Thresholds and delays are programmable
Leds and dry contact relays for AGC, SNR, TXPEP, BER).
Logical matrix table for local and/or remote
alarms conditions
Safety presence check and lock condition
Advanced real time measures (AGC, SNR,
BER)
Advanced System diagnostics module &
training progress status
Full featured spectrum analyzer on RX
bandwidth (25.6kHz)
Features Notes
Digital QAM transmission on 1, 2, 4, 8 or Separated requires at least an interband of the
16kHz bandwidth. Separated, adjacent or width of the bandwidth. For example, 16 kHz of
superimposed bands interband is required for a total bandwidth of
16kHz.
Some configuration are in option (see keys
below)
Both Digital QAM transmission and Separated requires at least an interband of the
Analogue with TPX on 8 or 16kHz width of the bandwidth. For example, 16 kHz of
bandwidth. Separated, adjacent or interband is required for a total bandwidth of
superimposed bands 16kHz.
Some configuration are in option (see keys
below)
QAM differential encoding maps available: The QAM differential encoding map matches in
• QAM4 any situation
• QAM16
• QAM64
• QAM256
• QAM1024
Trellis encoding maps available: The Trellis encoding map may be chosen to
• TCM32 increase BER performances under some line
conditions, with propagation time degradations.
• TCM128
QAM/Trellis map display module Up to 100ms constellation refreshing
Special pre-settings for synchronization AGC init, FSE pre-equalization
time improvement
TABLE 6: DIGITAL OR MIXED FEATURE LIST
Features Notes
Analogue or TPX transmission on 4kHz Some configuration are in option (see keys
separated bands below)
Analogue or TPX transmission on 2.5kHz Some configuration are in option (see keys
separated bands (adjacent mode only) below)
MTU channel through RS232
asynchronous interfaces
50bps Signaling channel for telephony E&M signaling
1 speech band per each channel 300-2000, 300-2200, 300-2400 (2.5 & 4kHz)
300-3400 (4khz only)
Compressor expander /limiter Enable/disable for each access (T0 or TG)
3 Telegraphs for each channel Programmable within 300-3720 bandwidth (see
complete table for details)
Cable equalizer for each access Up to 8 pre-programmed curves
Line equalizer for speech and telegraph Programmable on-site by HMI (automatic or
channel manual mode)
Built-in FSK modem for MTU
300/600/1200bps
One External Teleprotection interface Dedicated access on PRCS
TABLE 7: ANALOG FEATURE LIST
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
Computer
NETWORK
Config PLC3
D0111ENb
A router needs to be installed on the front of the T390 to limit the quantity of
information going through the PLC link.
During the commissioning and the maintenance phase, a special feature switches the full
bandwidth of the TDM to the LAN service, giving up to gross bit rate to the LAN service (i.e.
76.8kbit/s in QAM64/16kHz).
If the LAN service is stopped it’s no more possible to configure or to do the commissioning of
the remote PLCs.
For digital system, we recommend allocating at least 10kbits/s to the LAN Service: means
(i.e. 14% of the bandwidth in QAM64/16khz), in order to support the SNMP & HMI remote
configuration routing.
2.8 Fallback Mode (digital mode only)
The Fallback mode is an optional T390 feature, which allows switching to another encoder
when line conditions are degraded.
The quality of service (maximum guaranteed BER) and delay to return to normal mode are
programmable by HMI.
The rate linked to the Fallback mode is fully programmable thanks the HMI, gicing all
possible combinations.
The Fallback mode could be engaged if all units grant it (well suited firmware package and
software key).
All services should be flagged in order to run or not in Fallback condition.
A special feature is provided for the V11 & LAN2LAN interface, where it is possible to make
it run at different speed instead of enabling/disabling the services like other ones.
2.9 AES password Encryption (Optional )
Since password has to be exchanged between the Computer HMI and the T390 through a
LAN or Wan, there is a risk that this password can be read by unauthorized person on the
network.
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
QAM256 and QAM1024 both require good line condition (see SNR vs BER figure) and
proper configuration and settings (Cross talk between TX/RX filter and hybrid balancing.)
2.11 HMI
The firmware upgrade and the configuration of the T390 system are made through a
dedicated HMI software.
In addition this HMI offers several facilities, such as:
• Measures retrieval
• Maintenance mode
3. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
3.1 Mechanical - Design
3.1.1 Mechanical constraints:
− IP 30
3.1.2 Mechanical Size
3.1.2.1 Amplifier module
480 mm
480 mm
134mm
3U
260 mm
435 mm
480 mm
480 mm
89mm
2U
260 mm
435 mm
480 mm
480 mm
45m
1U
m
260 mm
435 mm
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
− Processing: 15W
− + Battery to Ground
− Battery to Ground
ON/OFF supply
On the PLC units no switch are provided in standard. A Circuit breaker should be installed to
supply the whole equipment and to offer the ON/OFF operation.
The Teleprotection units are optional and are used to offer integrated teleprotection services.
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
4. TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
4.1 R.F Bandwidth
4.1.1 Overview
The PLC bandwidth is in relation with the number and the type of user services.
In order to satisfy the various situations and to increase our ability for adapting to various line
properties the product will provide adaptation with respect to the HV lines, by offering several
optimized pairing.
The bandwidth for a pair of Tx/Rx channel can be selected.(see Allowed combinations table
below).
The system could also operate in:
• Superimposed mode (with installed key): In this mode the RX & TX channels share
the same bandwidth (Digital mode only).
• Separated band mode: In this mode, RX and TX channels are separated by at least
an empty channel of the same bandwidth with a minimum of 8 kHz (e.g. for 16kHz
channels, a 16kHz interband is required between RX&TX)
• Adjacent mode: in this mode, TX&TX should be put side by side without any
interband, and the TX filter of each transmitter should be programmed to cover the
complete RX+TX channels (refer to related application note for details)
The RX/TX complete channel is then used in various combination:
• Whole bandwidth is assigned to mixed digital and analogue (1 slot for QAM, 1 or 2
slots for analogue)
From the user side, a choice is made during the configuration (commissioning) by the use of
pre-selected configurations.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
Separated Mode
Bandwidth Analogue mode Digital mode Mixed mode
2k + 2k Ch1/TP2 N/A N/A
2.5k + 2.5k Ch1/TP2.5 QAM2k N/A
4k + 4k Ch1/TP4 QAM4k QAM1k + Ch1/TP2 .5
5k + 5k Ch1/TP5 N/A N/A
8k + 8k Ch1/TP8 QAM8k QAM4k + Ch1/TP4
QAM2k + Ch1/TP5
12k+12k N/A N/A QAM8k+ Ch1/TP4
16k + 16k N/A QAM16k QAM8k+ Ch1/TP8
QAM8k+ Ch1/TP4 + Ch2/TP4
Ch1/TP8 + Ch2/TP8
Superimposed Mode
Bandwidth Analogue mode Digital mode Mixed mode
4k N/A QAM4k N/A
8k N/A QAM8k N/A
16k N/A QAM16k N/A
Adjacent Mode
Bandwidth Tx +Rx Analogue mode Digital mode Mixed mode
4k Ch1/TP2 N/A N/A
5k Ch1/TP2.5 QAM2k N/A
8k Ch1/TP4 QAM4k QAM1k + Ch1/TP2 .5
10k Ch1/TP5 N/A N/A
16k Ch1/TP8 QAM8k QAM4k + Ch1/TP4
QAM2k + Ch1/TP5
24k N/A N/A QAM8k + Ch1/TP4
32k N/A QAM16k QAM8k+ Ch1/TP8
QAM8k+ Ch1/TP4 + Ch2/TP4
Ch1/TP8 + Ch2/TP8
Legend:
NOTE: All bandwidth are not available for all frequency allocation, see §8
“Characteristics” for possible bandwidth respect to frequency
allocation.
All combination are given if only part of them may fit into existing
frequency plan. Usually, Frequency plans are divided into 2.5kHz or
4kHz slots.
NOTE: Ch2 is not available in version 6.1
• 75 ohms, unbalanced
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
• FSK level
• 72 dB for T390-AMP
A turbo mode is automatically enabled when no Teleprotection is configured, allowing to
speed up the AGC conversion algorithm.
When external Teleprotection is enabled in the system, the AGC slew rate is limited to
0.5dB/s to not conflict with external Teleprotection internal algorithms
The initialization value of the AGC could be overridden by the user through the HMI.
4.4.4 Equalization
The imperfections in the transmission channel response (amplitude distortion and group
delay distortion) are corrected by mean of an “Equalizer” system. Two kind of equalizer exist
in the system depending on the transmission mode used.
Digital mode equalizer
The digital mode equalizer is an auto-adapted filter, also called FSE (fractional space
equalizer) that works continuously in order to compensate automatically the phase rotation,
small line attenuation changes and distortions.
The equalizer starts automatically, without user intervention. However “pre-equalization” is
MANDATORY, in order to force the start conditions of the algorithm.
Noise
Generator
+
Ampli
RMS Multimeter
D0113ENa
The SNR is measured by external means, that is to say calibrated instruments connected
directly to the line. The SNR measured within the PLC uses a different approach and is
intended to be used only for information purpose and fallback condition switching.
The SNR is computed as follow: the signal is assumed to be the QAM within the band
measured, the noise is assumed to be the same band when QAM is switched off. In this
figure, no band translation is required and the SNR is the simple ratio of Psignal / Pnoise,
whatever the bandwidth chosen for the measure (we used the bandwidth offered by the
instrument, i.e. 3.74kHz)
The BER is measured by a data tester (PFA30) connected to the V11 interface of U05 unit.
Time for measurement of BER is taken in order to have a number of received bits 10 times
the inverse of BER (e.g: a BER of 1E-8 is measured with more than 1E9 bits)
Results (16 KHz / Separated mode)
1.00E-05
1.00E-06
1.00E-07
1.00E-08
1.00E-09
1.00E-10
D0114ENa
• Maximal slot width: max digital bandwidth (e.g 74100 bits/s for QAM64 on 16kHz
band)
5. DIGITAL SERVICES
5.1 Data service specifications
5.1.1 Overview
3 types of data services are available on plc systems, according to the unit installed.
• V24/V28 Sub-D25 interface (limited by max user rate) for Synchronous and
asynchronous modes
− Asynchronous rate: from 200 bps to 38400 bps (1 start /1 or 2 stop / 1 to 9 data
bits; parity included)
NOTE: 200Bps is only available on T390 PRCS unit
NOTE: 9 data bits without parity and 8 data bits with parity
• RS232 Sub-D9 interface (limited by max user rate) for asynchronous mode only
− Rate: from 300 bps to 38400 bps (1 start /1 or 2 stop / 1 to 9 data bits; parity
included)
NOTE: 9 data bits without parity and 8 data bits with parity
− DTE or DCE
− Point to multipoint function (double interface on one channel) suits for RTU
application (polling)
5.1.2 V11 service description
5.1.2.1 V11 internal clock mode scheme (synchronous mode)
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE DATA SERVICE
Tx Clock PLC PLC Link
PLC Tx Clock
CLK CLK
Rx Clock GEN Rx Clock
RECOVER
DCE DCE
Rx Data Rx Data
MASTER SLAVE
DTE A DTE B
D0118ENa
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
5.1.2.2 V11 from device clock ‘on master’ mode (synchronous mode)
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE DATA SERVICE
Tx Clock PLC PLC Link
PLC Tx Clock
CLK CLK
Rx Clock GEN Rx Clock
RECOVER
DTE DCE
Rx Data Rx Data
MASTER SLAVE
DCE A DTE B
D0119ENa
5.1.2.3 V11 from device clock ‘on slave’ mode (synchronous mode)
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE DATA SERVICE
Tx Clock PLC PLC Link
PLC Tx Clock
CLK CLK
Rx Clock GEN Rx Clock
RECOVER
DTE DCE
Rx Data Rx Data
SLAVE MASTER
DCE A DTE B
D0120ENa
(3Kb/s) 50 ms
4 Kbit/s ~43 ms
~44 ms
2 Kbit/s ~55 ms 45 ms 60 ms
− The PLC Slave recovers the Serial Clock from the incoming Data flow (Data
coming from the PLC link).
In this case, we have the following schemes:
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE DATA SERVICE
Tx Clock PLC PLC Link
PLC Tx Clock
CLK CLK
Rx Clock GEN Rx Clock
RECOVER
DCE DCE
Rx Data Rx Data
MASTER SLAVE
DTE A DTE B
D0118ENa
Substation A
Substation B
DATA SERVICE
CLK TX
DATA TX CLK
RECOVER PLC Link
PLC To DTE B
DATA RX
PLC in
DCE Mode
CLK RX CLK GEN
Substation C
DATA SERVICE
CLK TX
CLK
DATA TX
RECOVER PLC PLC Link
PLC To DTE C
in
DATA RX DCE Mode
CLK GEN
CLK RX
In synchronous communication mode, this mode is also known as Service Transit Mode. It
allows the transit of one data service from one PLC link to another. The scheme is the
following:
In asynchronous communication mode, the scheme is the following:
Substation A Substation B
Optional Flow
CTS Optional Flow CTS
control Signals
control Signals
DTE A RTS RTS DTE B
DCD DCD
D0122ENa
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE
Tx Clock
PLC Link Tx Clock
Rx Clock PLC PLC DATA SERVICE
Rx Data Rx Data
DTE MODE
DCE MODE
DTE A DCE
NETWORK
D0123ENa
Substation A Substation B
Tx Data Tx Data
DATA SERVICE
DATA SERVICE
Rx Data Rx Data
PLC Link CLK
PLC PLC RECOVE
DTR DSR
R
DSR DTR
Optional Flow
Optional Flow control Signals
CTS RTS
control Signals
DTE A RTS CTS DCE
DCD
NETWORK
D0124ENa
A PLC in DTE mode is always connected by the PLC link to a PLC in DCE mode.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
19.2Kbit/s 25 ms N/A 30 ms
14.4Kbit/s 25 ms N/A 30 ms
9.6Kbit/s 26 ms N/A 30 ms
4.8Kbit/s 27 ms 27 ms 32 ms
2.4Kbit/s 27 ms 30 ms 35 ms
1.2Kbit/s 40 ms 40 ms 45 ms
600bit/s 49 ms 50 ms 60 ms
300bit/s 70 ms 75 ms 80 ms
14.4Kbit/s 25 ms N/A 30 ms
9.6Kbit/s 25 ms N/A 30 ms
4.8Kbit/s 26 ms 27 ms 32 ms
2.4Kbit/s 26 ms 28 ms 35 ms
1.2Kbit/s 30 ms 32 ms 40 ms
600bit/s 41 ms 41 ms 50 ms
300bit/s 54 ms 60 ms 70 ms
76,8 Kb/s
Rate 16K/QAM64 MAX
(Typical
19.2Kbit/s 17 ms 20 ms
14.4Kbit/s 19 ms 21 ms
9.6Kbit/s 19 ms 21 ms
4.8Kbit/s 19 ms 21 ms
2.4Kbit/s 24 ms 26 ms
1.2Kbit/s 28 ms 30 ms
600bit/s 28 ms 30 ms
300bit/s 30 ms 35 ms
• DTMF signalling
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
5.2.2.2 Interfacing
The command interfaces usually called E & M (M wire for input, E wire for output), is
referenced to voltages that are taken from the "ref" connector of the service unit
• Input closed to REFIN voltage
• Current flows from REFOUT to REFIN (usually, REFIN is -48V, REFOUT is Ground)
5.2.3 Universal telephone Unit feature
This device acts as a direct call telephone-terminating unit. It is only available on the Speech
channel 2 and 3 of each service unit.
It carries out the call criteria conversion (off-hook/on-hook, dialling, current generation,
ringing generator) through the signalling circuit.
The unit is programmed to operate as follows:
• Direct Phone to Phone Mode (with Central Battery (CB) or Local Battery (LB) supply).
• Line Extension FXS mode (Connection to a telephone set (CB or LB) or a fax...)
6. ANALOGUE SERVICES
Latency Latency
Rate
(typical) (Max)
1.2Kbit/s 30 ms 35 ms
600bit/s 45 ms 50 ms
300bit/s 70 ms 80 ms
Latency Latency
Rate
(typical) (Max)
1.2Kbit/s 23 ms 25 ms
600bit/s 24 ms 26 ms
300bit/s 37 ms 40 ms
200bit/s 53 ms 55 ms
Frequency (Hz) 30 20 22 24 34 36 37
Low limit = 300 Hz 0 00 00 00 00 00 20
Full Band
Band 1
Band 2
Band 3
D0401ENa
This signalling uses an IUT-T R35 50 baud channel (F0 ± 30 Hz) placed immediately after
the upper telephone channel band edge.
Its position in the spectrum is linked both to the selected telephone band and the
requirement to optimize the remaining spectrum.
The E&M distortion is less than 3ms, the E&M latency is less than 20 ms.
The maintenance handset is shared with this service with an automatic detection.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
The telegraph uses a 600Ω 4W interface, BF analogue bandwidth with programmable filters.
As for the Telephony, the TG supports also the following features: Compander, limiter, cable
equalizer, power distribution.
The available filters are divided in two categories.
Standard filters:
Frequency (Hz) 36 48 60 72 84 96 10 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 36 37
0 0 0 0 0 0 80 00 20 40 60 80 00 20 40 60 80 00 20 40 60 80 00 20 40 60 80 00 20
Band 1
partage avec
téléphonique
Utilisation en
service
Band 2
Band 3
1200 BDS
Utilisation
en transit
D0402ENa
• End 3800 Hz
• 60 Hz steps
In this mode, the configurations allow to choose the input and output centre frequencies of
the telegraph, as well as the in band transmission one.
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
Latency Latency
Mode
(Typical) (Max)
• Interruption (transmission and reception) of all user services signals. The external
Teleprotection service is considered with no extra bandwidth in idle state
• Boosting of the R.F. transmission signals (from the external Teleprotection
equipment). This boost is programmable (0, +6dB, or +12dB).
• A safety presence input (Alive): If enabled by HMI, could generate an alarm when
connector is unplugged
7.1.2 Latency
Latency from TP interface to TP equipment includes transmission delays (100m line) and
algorithm internal delays.
The given latency are measured on the entire channel (i.e. 300-3800Hz for the 4 kHz
bandwidth), but keep in mind that the latency is not flat due to the filter response. For
instance, we have a typical 2.5ms latency within 500-3500Hz versus 4ms/8ms on the entire
channel.
7.1.3 Power distribution
This input may be used for external Teleprotection connection or multi-purpose analog
channel (e.g. telegraph).
In both case, we distinguish 3 operating modes:
− Internal guard: in this mode, the Teleprotection provides its own guard signal.
− External guard: in this mode, the Teleprotection uses the preconfigured signalling
signal as guard.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
8. INTEGRATED TELEPROTECTION
The integrated Teleprotection rack T390-TPi offers Teleprotection features following 60834-1
standard.
The communication through LVDS channel with the other racks allows taking advantage of
the PLC signal in order to get the best performances.
Four protection schemes are available for the best transfer time/dependability/security
compromise
• 24V
• 48/60V
• 110/130V
• 220V
These inputs can be freely allocated by HMI to
• Command 1 to 8
8.1.2 Outputs
14 heavy duty outputs are available
They can combine Solid State Relay and electromechanical relays in order to increase the
making and breaking capacity while keeping an high capacity permanent current.
The Solid State Relay can be bypassed but the global transmission time will be increased by
7ms.
The output relays can be used to drive the position of
• Output commands
• Input commands
• Unblocking
8.2 System
The TPI offers the possibility to use dual path (digital and analog) in order to increase the
transmission dependability.
In that case, the commands are always transmitted on the both path. The device takes
decision for output commands on reception.
The number of commands must match on both paths.
8.3 Analog modes
8.3.1 Command Number
The nominal command number is independent 4 commands per TPI and per band.
8.3.2 Coding mode
Three modes are available:
• A “dual tone mode”, which means that for each command combination two tones are
sent on line
• A “2+2” mixed tone mode, which means that 2 commands correspond to permissive
tripping command and are sent on single tone, with possibility to set full power on this
tone and 2 commands correspond to direct tripping command and are sent on two
tones on line
• A “3+1” mixed tone mode, which means that 3 commands correspond to permissive
tripping commands and are sent on single tone, with possibility to set full power on this
tone and 1 command corresponds to a direct tripping command and is sent on two
tones on line
8.3.3 Command combination (dual tone mode only)
A special mode is available to increase the command number up to 6 by rack.
In this case the commands are not independent: priorities of some commands on the others
(see table in manual T390-EN-TP).
8.3.4 Set/Reset (dual tone mode only)
Set/reset is a special mode useful to transmit permanent commands.
In this case, a pulse (whose duration is configurable by HMI) is transmitted to mean the
command start and another pulse to mean the command end.
In case of default, an acknowledge between systems ensures the command integrity
Available modes are
• 3 set/reset commands
8.3.5 Working modes
Three working modes are available for the Teleprotection:
• Internal guard: in this mode, the Teleprotection provides its own guard signal
(application are TP over full band and TP over QAM when QAM is superimposed)
• External guard: in this mode, the Teleprotection uses the preconfigured signalling
signal as guard (application TP over Speech)
• TP on QAM separate mode (dual tone mode only): in case of digital services
configured, the Digital modulation can be used as guard for the integrated
teleprotection
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
• Either low
• Or null (the teleprotection does not need any extra guard signal in case of TP over
speech or TP over QAM)
The operator can choose by HMI which analog or/and digital channels are cut to free power
for the best compromise between service integrity and power for commands.
• Cut all the services for maximum power dedicated to commands (up to PEP minusthe
level reserved for system pilot).
• Share the power between the services and the Teleprotection commands
The band used by the TP is always cut.
8.3.7 Tone levels
The tone levels in Transmission are configurable up to the maximum power available.
The tone levels in Reception are configurable from -30dB to + 30dB respect to the expected
value.
8.3.8 Band used
The bandwidth use for command transmission is the speech bandwidth in the case of TP
over speech and 1800Hz otherwise.
The band frequency can be configured by HMI within the used band (dual tone mode full
band only)
8.3.9 Performance
See performance table for details.
8.3.10 Extra functions and Alarms
8.3.10.1 Maximun transmission time
Useful only with normal commands: it shall not be set with SET/RESET.
This function by cutting too long duration commands:
• Protects the amplifier from too long duration commands (High power duration
commands)
• It is possible to allocate both commands and unblocking on the same relay (dual tone
mode only). In this case, the relay state on alarm is trigged either by major alarm or by
unblocking.
8.3.10.3 SNR
In case of burst of noise, an alarm appears to inform the operator that the link is not
operating correctly.
Delays and levels are configurable by HMI for user alarm.
This alarm is minor and can trigger the communication alarm.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
8.5 Alarms
8.5.1 Communication Alarm
The communication alarm monitors the communication path. In case of impossibility to
transmit commands, the LED switches ON.
• For Analog path, triggers are Signal Loss or SNR or Blocking Alarm or LVDS link
broken
• In case of dual path, the communication alarm triggers only if both path are broken
The major alarm is triggered and the output commands are released according to the output
configuration.
8.5.2 Minor and Major alarms
Two kinds of alarms are available:
• Major alarm: alarm that does not lock the system and prevent any command
transmission
• Minor alarm: Minor default of the system that does not prevent the command
transmission (e.g. loss of one path in dual path mode)
These alarms can be freely allocated to the outputs. Relays from 9 to 13 are recommended
(Normally closed contact available).
Led indication in front panel is present for minor and major alarm.
Type of blinking indicates the alarm Status:
• User alarm1 copies the Major alarm with configurable delay in HMI
• User alarm2 copies the Minor alarm with configurable delay in HMI
Led indication in front panel is present for User Alarm 1 and 2.
These alarms can be freely allocated to the outputs. Relays from 9 to 13 are recommended
(Normally closed contact available).
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
• Alarm table
• Events are recorded in a flash memory (inputs switching, outputs and commands)
9. CHARACTERISTICS
9.1 T390-AMP/AMPX
1
With limitations on the output power for narrow filters in the upper part for the PLC band
2
2.5 kHz single channel available only in low part of PLC band (under 150 kHz). The normal operation
is adjacent Rx and Tx channel on 5kHz filters.
3
In the upper part of band, the real HF bandwidth of the narrow filters (4,5 and 8 kHz nominal
bandwidth) must be extended to avoid losses. Therefore, some restriction should be made
regarding the paralleling of PLC equipments (extension of IEC495 tapping loss requirements).
4
Lower frequency could not be lower than 5/2xBW (e.g. for 32kHz, lowfreq>80kHz)
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
5
Default settings for AGC init, jumper RXF -12dB not enabled, separated mode.
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
Dimensions 480x260x89mm
MTBF
PRCS 22 years @ 30°C 20 years @ 45°C
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
General features
Power Supply
Input type DC voltage
Voltage 48V= typical (38 to 72V wide range)
Power 19W typical/30W max
Permanent current without commands 19W
Permanent current with all relays only 28W
Permanent current with all relays & commands 30W
Inrush current 12A <1.5ms , 9A for 1.5<t<500ms
Environmental (in operation)
Normal -5 °C / +50°C according to 721-3-3 class 3K5
operational
temperature
Max temperature -30°C
+ 55 °C according to IEC 495 clause 3.1
Max relative 95 % at 23 °C
humidity
Environmental (Storage)
Temperature -40 °C < T < +70°C
Relative humidity 100%
Insulation & EMC
Insulation IEC 60495 / IEC 60950
EMC (emissions) Radiated and conducted IEC 61000-6-4 (CISPR11)
EMC (immunity) IEC61000-6-2 / IEC61000-6-5
C3790.1/C3790.3/C3790.3
Mechanical
Weight TPI: 3600 g
operation 3M1 according to IEC 60721-3-3
storage 2M1 according to IEC 60721-3-2
Dimensions 480x260x44,5mm
IEC 255-21-1 vibration response Class 2
IEC 255-21-1 vibration endurance Class 1
IEC 255-21-2 Shock response Class 2
IEC 255-21-2 Shock withstand Class 1
IEC 255-21-2 Bump Class 1
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
General features
MTBF
General features
Inputs
input available 8
Mode decoupling opto couplers
working inputs the input allocation is freely configurable by HMI
Max Input
voltage 290VDC
Input Range selectable
by
jumpers 24V 48-60V 110-129V 220-250V
Max trigger
threshold 18V 36V 80V 170V
Minimum switch
off voltage
Impedance At
(tolerance of nominal
10%) voltage 6000 10000 18000 39000
Logical AND/OR/XOR
Combination
Input filters 0-100ms by steps of 0,1 ms
Max input
frequency 50 Hz in permanent
Holding Delay 0-500ms by steps of 1ms
Input validation 0-25ms by steps of 1ms
Delay
1000
100
Max DC Voltage(A)
EMR
Combined
10
1
0,1 1 10
DC current(A)
Digital
General features
number of 2/4/8
commands
Application 3 different types selectable by group of 2 commands
Types
Alarm on Ber Two thresholds available for Minor and Major BER alarm
Alarm on 10-30ms by step of 1ms
propagation
Time
Measure of performed in link loop, accuracy of 1ms
transfer time
Interfaces V11 G703-1 G703-6 Optical
available daughter daughter board daughter board link
board
Protection Protection against path switching and loop back
Electrical
connector Sub-D 15
V11
Clock source internal or external
Clock speed Range 32-256 kbps
Communication
Mode Data received on internal clock/external clock
G703-6
Clock source internal or external
Type E1 2Mbps
G703-1
Clock source internal or external
Clock speed 64 kbps
Optical
connector Type LC-LC
Communication Monomode 1550nm long haul
Type
1310nm short haul
1550nm simplex bidirectional interface
Multimode 850 nm for C3794 compatible application
Tx failure
LOS on Rx
Slots of 64kbps 1/2/4
on 2Mbps frame
interface type
and
characteristics by SFP modules
C3794 function compatibility with C3794 system with 850nm SFP
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
Digital
Performance according to 60834-1
Protection mode Blocking Permissive Direct
Tripping
N Cycles required 1 2 3
D Hamming distance 3 2 2
Transfer Time 64 kbps 4 CMDS 6 ms 7 ms 8 ms
Transfer Time 2Mbps 4 CMDS <1ms <1 ms <1ms
Dependability Pmc = Probability of a <1E-35 <1E-20 <1E-15
Missing Command
(Pmc) for
BER = 1E-3 (10ms)
Analog
General features
Number of 4 independent commands
commands
6 commands with priorities
Case dual tone
2 commands + 1 SET/RESET
1 command + 2 SET/RESET
3 SET/RESET
Number of 2+2 : 2 permissives and 2 direct trippings
commands
3+1 : 3 permissives and 1 direct tripping
Case Mixed mode
SET RESET Type of application designed for continuous commands such as
switchgear position copy
The Transmission duration is configurable in the 10-200ms range
Frequency And power Allocation
Type According to services configured, the TP band allocated
TP over speech TP over empty TP over QAM
Power allocation operator can configure the channel to cut
during command transmission
Bandwidth TP over speech TP over empty TP over QAM
1800Hz 1800Hz same as QAM bandwidth
Alarm and special features
SNR alarm Low/High Limits and trigger delays configurable by HMI
Signal Loss Low/High Limits and trigger delays configurable by HMI
Unblocking
function 1 output contact can be allocated
unblocking following Cigre Joint Working Group 34/35.11
Alarm on
Command too
Long configurable by HMI from 0 to 2,5s by step of 0,1s
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
Analog
Performance according to 60834-1 dual tone mode
T0 (ms) Puc Pmc
Type 1 / Blocking 12 3E-05 7E-04
Type 2 /
12 7E-07 <7E-05
Permissive
TP over QAM Type 3 /Direct
14 1E-09 <1,3E-06
tripping fast
Type 4 / Direct
40 1E-09 <1E-6
tripping slow
Type 1 / Blocking 9 4E-05 9E-04
Type 2 /
9 <1E-6 8E-05
Permissive
Type 3 / Direct
TP full band 10 1E-09 <1E-6
tripping fast
Type 4 / Direct
40 1E-09 <1E-6
tripping slow
Type 1 / Blocking 12 <4E-05 1,8E-03
Type 2 /
12 <1E-06 2,6E-04
Permissive
Type 3 Direct
TP over speech 12 1E-09 <1E-6
tripping fast
Type 4 / Direct
40 1E-09 <1E-6
tripping slow
Recovery Time <45ms for SNR= 0dB
(Tac after noise <65ms for SNR = -5dB
burst)
Performance according to 60834-1 mixed tone mode
Dependability
Tac (ms) at Security(Puc)
T0 (ms) (Pmc) at
SNR=6dB at worst case
SNR=6dB
Permissive
12 15 <10-3 <10-4
commands
Direct tripping
15 30 <10-4 <10-6
commands
General Presentation T390/EN GP/B23
General features
Number of 4 independent commands
commands
Frequency +/- 1Hz
Accuracy HF
Cross Talk < -65 dBmp
Selectivity < 55 dBm0 as per IEC 60495 § 5.3.1.5
MTBF
MTBF (years)
Systems @30°C @45°C
S200-40 17 15
S200-80 15 13
S201-40 11 9
S201-80 10 9
Minimum bandwidth spacing for paralleling equipment
Digital mode Min 8 kHz or equal to a bandwidth
Analogue mode Transmitter to adjacent transmitter 8 kHz
Transmitter to adjacent receiver 8 kHz
Receiver to adjacent receiver 8 kHz
T390/EN GP/B23 General Presentation
BLANK PAGE
Alstom Grid
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
Version 6.1
T390/EN OS/B23
GRID
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 Definitions 9
1.2 List of acronyms and abbreviations 9
2. OVERVIEW 11
2.1 Hardware & Firmware description 11
2.2 Firmware Packages 11
2.3 Human-Machine-Interface (HMI) 11
3. OPTIONAL FEATURES 12
3.1 Superimposed mode 13
3.2 Fallback mode 13
3.3 ADPCM 13
3.4 High Speed Modem 13
3.5 LAN to LAN 14
3.6 IRIG-B/SNTP 15
3.7 Point to Multipoint 15
3.8 SNMP 15
3.9 Security pack 15
3.10 Set Reset 16
6. OPERATIONS 35
6.1 Information upload (from PLC to PC) 35
6.2 Firmware package update 35
6.3 Event logging 37
6.4 History logging 38
6.5 Recorder 39
6.6 Maintenance 41
6.6.2 TPI tab 47
6.7 Tests and measurements 47
6.7.1 The Line tab 48
6.7.2 The BER tab 49
6.7.3 The Constellation tab (QAM) 50
6.7.4 The Data Recorder tab 51
6.7.5 Alarm Status 53
6.7.6 System Diagnosis Status 53
6.7.7 Spectrum Analyser 54
6.7.8 TPI 54
7. PREFERRED CONFIGURATIONS 56
7.1 3 speeches + 3 signalings in 8kHz Analog band 56
7.2 3 speeches over 4kHz, 8kHz, or 16kHz Digital with separate Tx and Rx bands 56
7.3 3 speeches over 16kHz Digital with superimposed Tx and Rx bands 56
7.4 1 speech and 1 signaling in 4kHz Analog + 1kHz Digital (Mixte mode 4kHz) 56
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
7.5 2 speeches + 2 signalings in 5 kHz Analog + 2 kHz Digital (Mixte mode 8kHz) 56
7.6 3 speeches + 3 signalings in 8 kHz Analog + 8 kHz Digital (Mixte mode 16kHz) 57
7.7 2 speeches + 2 signalings + 2 MTU in 8kHzAnalog 57
7.8 4 MTU in 8kHz Analog 57
7.9 4 MTU in 4kHz Analog 57
7.10 1 speech + 1 signaling +1 TG in 4kHz Analog 57
7.11 1 speech + 1 signaling + 2 TG in 4 kHz Analog 58
7.12 1 speech + 1 signaling + 1 TG + 1 MTU in 8kHz Analog 58
7.13 1 speech + 1 signaling in 8 kHz Analog + 8 Khz Digital (mode Mixte 16kHz) 58
7.14 1 speech + 1 signaling in 8 kHz Analog + 8 Khz Digital (mode Mixte 16kHz) 58
8. FIRMWARE CONFIGURATION 59
8.1 Offline: Full 59
8.2 Online: Services (Maint.) 59
8.3 Online: Patches 59
LIST OF FIGURES
Version History
BLANK PAGE
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the modular PLC T390 system and outlines its commissioning. It
provides a broad conceptual and technical overview of the system and the available features
and facilities, and points the user towards more detailed descriptions within the T390
documentation set.
1.1 Definitions
The following list identifies some commonly used terms and defines their specific meaning in
the context of this manual:
Board: A board is an electronic card (PCB) and all its components and connectors. A board
is always assembled and tested.
Unit: A unit is a physical 19-inch rack containing boards and connectors offering distinct
functionality such as amplification, signal processing, services, and teleprotection. A unit
includes the rack unit casing, boards, internal cables, and modules.
System: A system is a rack assembly of units and must include at least one Amplifier (AMP)
and one Processing Unit (PRCS). For increased power up to 80W, an additional amplifier
(AMPX) can be added. The PRCS unit offers a basic set of service functions but this can be
greatly extended by adding one or more Service Units (SRV), up to a maximum of nine.
Link: A link, sometimes “PLC system” or even just “PLC” refers to a complete configuration
of equipment at both ends of the physical link (the High Voltage Line), including the line
itself. Provided there is little risk of ambiguity, “System” can also be used loosely to cover
this wider definition.
Interface: An interface is a connector that is accessible on the exterior of a unit. This
connector can be used for internal needs of the product such as LVDS connectivity or the
power supply chain. It can also be used for customer access, such as for speech or data.
1.2 List of acronyms and abbreviations
ACRONYMS MEANING
ADPCM Adaptation Digital Pulse Code Modulation
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
APP Application message
AREC Adaptive Reference Echo Cancellation
DAGC Digital Automatic Gain Control
BITST Bit stream
DTE/DCE Data Terminal/Communication Equipment
CR Carrier Recovery
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
EC Echo Canceller
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
FSE Fractional Space Equalizer
FSM Finite State Machine
FXO Foreign Exchange Office
FXS Foreign Exchange Subscriber
HF High frequency
HMI Human Machine Interface
ID or IDP Identification Protocol
IDMP Identification protocol Master Protocol
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
ACRONYMS MEANING
IRIG-B Inter-Range Instrumentation Group B
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telephony
LAN Local Area Network
LAN to LAN IP-based system of connecting devices on separate LANs within
a network
LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signalling
MOS Mean Opinion Score
MTU Multipurpose Telegraph Unit (Built-in modem)
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PLC Power Line Carrier
PTM Point to Multipoint
PTP Point to Point
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QOS Quality Of Service
SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
SESR Severely Error Seconds Ratio
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SR Symbol Recovery
XPRG FPGA Xilinx program
2. OVERVIEW
This section introduces the main components of the Power Line Carrier T390 System.
A T390 system offers comprehensive transmission capabilities over power lines using Power
Line Carrier (PLC) technologies. It allows for voice and data transmission and can integrate
a teleprotection system in order to react to problems in the electrical network.
A T390 PLC Link employs two T390 systems, communicating along the power line, with
each system located on a distribution or transmission substation. The two sites may well be
several hundred kilometres apart.
The two T390 systems are arranged in a master/slave configuration. The combination of
equipment making up each of the two systems must be identical.
T390 units are modular and can be adapted to the customer’s needs in terms of services
(such as a mix of speech and data channels, or data rates). The minimum configuration for a
T390 system is one AMP Unit and one PRCS Unit, but this can be expanded by the addition
of a second amplifier (AMPX) and one TPI unit
Additionally, a global software package is installed on the system: this software package is
available in various levels to allow for differing ranges and performance.
2.1 Hardware & Firmware description
Hardware and firmware for each type of unit is fully described in the relevant documents
(identified above in the section “Document context and version history”).
2.2 Firmware Packages
All units are delivered with the latest kernel (T390 operating system), and can be upgraded
on-site using the Human Machine Interface (HMI).
Each unit must be loaded with a dedicated firmware set, properly configured for correct
system operation. Firmware sets consist of the main software for the particular unit, plus
specific add-ons according to the required feature (see the table below for the available add-
ons for each unit).
Coherency checks are made by the hardware and firmware at boot time. A second check is
made by the connected HMI during configuration.
Contact your representative for availability and price.
2.3 Human-Machine-Interface (HMI)
The Human Machine Interface (HMI) program runs on a PC and is used for all access,
configuration, measurement, and maintenance on a PLC system.
Firmware means all programs or FPGA bit streams that are downloaded onto the PLC
system.
A Software bundle is always delivered with each system, on a CD-ROM.
Use the version of HMI delivered with your firmware package to avoid compatibility issues.
The use of HMI software, for maintenance and measurement, is described in this document.
Use of the HMI with specific units (AMP, AMPX, PRCS and TPI) is described in their
respective user manuals.
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
3. OPTIONAL FEATURES
The T390 architecture is flexible and modular: starting from the minimum requirement of one
Processing Unit (PRCS) and one Amplifier (AMP), the customer can assemble the required
configuration by adding an additional Amplifier Unit (AMPX, for up to 80W) and one TPI. The
same flexibility applies to the firmware: the features and facilities in the baseline
configuration can be extended by the purchase of option keys, giving access to a wide range
of enhancements. A list of available keys is given in the following table:
Computer
NETWORK
Config PLC3
D0571ENa
• Compliant with standard 802.1q for VLAN transport (Virtual LAN is a local network of
equipment grouped logically, but not necessarily physically).
3.6 IRIG-B/SNTP
Purchase and installation of KEY-IRIGB enables options for time synchronization of the PLC.
Enabling the IRIG-B input interface allows synchronization of the PRCS unit real time clock
with an external time generator device, such as a GPS clock device.
If LAN to LAN is activated, then the IRIG B function can activate time synchronization from
an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server, accessed through the Ethernet interface.
3.7 Point to Multipoint
Point to Multipoint (PTM) is used when access is required to remote and/or local RTU
devices, as illustrated below in Figure 2. PTM analogue services are included in the standard
system. Digital PTM services become available on a digital-enabled system (KEY-DIGITAL)
following the purchase and installation of KEY-PTM.
To create, enter, and activate a permanent customer login and password, you must set it in
the Maintenance|System Security Management. As shown in Figure 3:
FIGURE 3: AES
Three user levels are available:
• Login and password stored in PLC, meaning authentication on the PLC, without AES
Telephone Telephone
Fax
Computer
Digital PBX
Printer
Computer
Printer ETHERNET LAN
Computer
ETHERNET LAN
Internet
LMU
settings
Power line
characteristics
measurements
Inter Units
connection
• QAM synchro
PLC link tests • SNR,BER,AGC
• Maintenance
speech test…
Data and Speech users Connection
• rack dimensions
• number of racks
• environmental conditions
• Choose an open space far from other equipment, if possible, and with good
ventilation, to reduce climatic stress.
• Leave at least 1U (44mm) between each unit. This space can be used for cable
holdings or fan units.
• Put the units on the rear of the rack: no cabling is required on the back except the
grounding braid refer to in the Application Note: Installation check. This layout will give
more space on the front for cabling and user accessibility.
• Fix the units firmly on the rack with the supplied bolts and screws or equivalents.
• Connect each unit to earth/ground using a large tinned copper braid to provide low
impedance between the cases and earth/ground.
5.2.1.4 Modules presentation
All modules are interconnected through a high speed link, also called the LVDS link.
Use the supplied T390-Harting manufacturer cables to connect the units.
The connection scheme must conform to the following:
• Both connectors of each unit should be connected in such a way that the connector
could be left connected when the system is on-line.
• The chain-in of each unit must be connected to the chain-out of one of the other units,
although no particular order is required.
• Use the appropriate cable length to connect the units. Supplied cables within the kit
allow a standard layout configuration, but other cable lengths can be ordered to suit
different configurations.
5.2.4 Connection to High Voltage Electrical Line through Line Matching Unit
This is detailed in the AMP document, Amplifier Description and Configuration, T390/EN AM.
5.3 HMI Introduction
This section introduces the Human Machine Interface (HMI), illustrates the user interface,
and describes the basics of operation and access.
5.3.1 Main window description
On launching the HMI, the main window is displayed, as shown in Figure 12:
5.3.2 Toolbar
The toolbar is located below the menu bar, and is illustrated in Figure 13:
Connection
Bitstream
Events listing Measurements
Configurations
Maintenance
D0574ENa
The following table describes the various messages displayed in the status bar:
Status bar
Description Values
info position
- Disconnected
TCP/IP or remote Connection
1 - Connected
status
- Connecting
Select the unit with which to connect and then click Connect, in order to enter connected
mode with the selected unit. This starts with a recognition process:
Setup of the parameters is normally done at integration time, but further modifications may
occasionally be needed at installation and operation time. The settings are applied through
the HMI from a PC.
Connect the administration PC to the T390 unit through the Ethernet connector of any unit in
the system and then launch the HMI. Select Tools|Configuration from the main menu bar
of the HMI. If the HMI has been launched in connected mode, the Hardware Configuration
window shown in Figure 26 is displayed:
− Secondly, choose the PRCS mode: analog, digital or mixed for both cases
If the HMI has been launched in disconnected mode, the following window is displayed:
A 2-wire phone is connected to each side of the T390 speech channel. When the phone is
taken off-hook on one side of the line, the phone at the other end rings (see note below on
call alerts). If the other end is already off-hook, a busy tone is sent back.
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
D0575ENa
Phone or fax
2 wires
2 wires
PABX PLC PLC
FXO FXS
D0069ENa
In this mode:
• The T390 channel connected to the PABX must be set as FXO (Foreign Exchange
Office).
• The T390 channel connected to the phone must be set as FXS (Foreign Exchange
Subscriber).
2 wires 2 wires
4 wires 4 wires
Auto Auto
PABX PABX
PLC PLC
In this mode, the PLC channels can act towards the PABX either as 2-wire or 4-wire (or
automatic mode). This allows support for several handsets at each end of a PLC system,
and thus allows several concurrent communications (with a maximum of one line per speech
channel).
All speech channels (A, B, and C) support this configuration.
WHEN ON THE SAME UNIT, THE MAINTENANCE HANDSET AND
CHANNEL A ARE LINKED. THIS MEANS THAT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO
USE THE MAINTENANCE HANDSET AND CHANNEL A AT THE SAME
TIME. TO KEEP THE EMERGENCY FUNCTIONALITY OF THE
MAINTENANCE HANDSET, IF THE MAINTENANCE HANDSET IS TAKEN
OFF HOOK WHILE CHANNEL A IS ACTIVE, THE CHANNEL A
COMMUNICATION IS IMMEDIATELY CUT.
5.6.2 Data Channel Modes
Data channels are supplied as a module with three data channels (implemented as three
V11 connectors). In contrast with the speech channels, there is no functional differentiation
between the three data channels.
Details of the available modes for data channels connection are given below.
ANY DCE/DTE COMBINATION OTHER THAN THOSE DESCRIBED
BELOW IS UNSUPPORTED.
In this case, the PLC data end acts as master towards the DTE, i.e. the clock signal is
provided by the PLC data end.
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
In this case:
• One of the PLC data ends acts as master towards the DTE, i.e. the clock signal is
provided by the PLC data end.
• The external device provides the clock signal, the external DCE acts as master
towards the other PLC data end.
5.6.2.3 DCE2 (Back to Back) Mode
On same site -
Direct Connection
Clock Master
Only on TX D0073ENa
In this case, the two DCE2 PLC systems must be located on the same site and directly
connected to each other. For usage efficiency, it is recommended that all data channels use
this mode on such a configuration. The PLC data end provides the DCE PLCs act as
masters towards the related DTEs, i.e. the clock signal.
Regarding the two PLC Units connected as DCE2, they act as a master towards each other
on their transmission link.
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
6. OPERATIONS
6.1 Information upload (from PLC to PC)
Operational information, such as events, records, and memory dumps are stored for system
debugging and tracing.
This information is stored on flash memories and can be downloaded to a PC running the
HMI for later analysis.
Additionally, software packages are stored in upgradeable FPGA. The contents of these
FPGA can be uploaded to a PC for backup purposes.
The related operations are generally performed during maintenance or normal operation.
There are two operating modes for events and history logs retrieval. These are detailed in
section 6.3 Event logging and section 6.4 History logging.
6.2 Firmware package update
Firmware contains the Operating System as well as specific applications that depend on:
An Open dialog is displayed for the user to select the script, as shown below:
• Backup the configuration of your system on both sides (master and slave)
• If the package includes a new kernel release, install that first and then reboot the
system, before installing anything else
• If your upgrade package contains a new unit-specific release, install that next
• Apply a system configuration, click Confirm in the dialog box, and wait until all units
have their LEDs flashing
• Chrono: event incremental counter – the icon indicates the gravity of the event
• Directly from T390 Unit, by clicking Retrieve from PLC or by double clicking on a unit
in the list. This can be done only in connected mode. The Retrieve from PLC button
is inactive in disconnected mode.
• From a file stored on the PC, by clicking Load. This can be done in both connected
and disconnected mode.
In order to load events from a file, they must first have been saved. This is achieved by
clicking Save, once some events have been uploaded and displayed in the event window.
Progress of all of the above operations can be monitored with the progress bar at the foot of
the window.
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
An additional filtering functionality is also available: it allows the user to filter events on the
basis of their ID and a date panel.
6.4 History logging
History information can be logged in RAM (instead of FLASH memory).
This history can be retrieved from the HMI using roughly the same method as for events.
This logging is provided for debugging purpose only. No detailed documentation is available
describing the logs or their content. They are intended only to guide the hotline or support
staff when solving a problem or failure in the PLC system.
The related operations are performed during normal operation phase.
History logging is accessed through the main menu bar by selecting PLC|History Logging,
which displays the following window:
• Level: a hierarchy of events is defined, which implies sub-events. Level 0 identifies the
top level of the hierarchy.
• Gravity: identifies potential for damage to the system. In decreasing order of gravity,
the possible values are:
Fatal Error: Halts the system
Error: Requires the system to be restarted, generally generates automatic
reset or automatic boot sequence
Warning: Information message; suspect a problem that may lead to an error
Reporting: Change of status, without operational impact
• Directly from the T390 unit, by selecting Retrieve from PLC, or by double-clicking on
a unit in the list. This can be done only in connected mode (the button is inactive in
disconnected mode).
• From a file stored on the PC, by clicking Load from File. This can be done whether in
connected or disconnected mode.
In order to load events from a file, they must first have been saved from a T390 unit. To save
uploaded events that are currently on display, click Save to File.
Progress of the operations can be monitored from the progress bar at the foot of the window.
An additional filtering functionality is also available: it allows the user to filter events on the
basis of its characteristics (level, gravity…).
6.5 Recorder
The HMI provides a facility for recording actions on the HMI, for later analysis. These records
depend on configurable events: when a specific trigger is encountered, the HMI records HMI
activity before and after this trigger.
The related operations are performed during the normal operation phase.
Recording facilities are accessed through the main menu bar by selecting PLC|Recorder,
which displays the window shown in Figure 34:
Up to ten triggers can be used (numbered from 0 to 9): they are chosen from event
identifiers in a pull-down list.
Click Enable to activate the recorder.
HMI events are recorded from a start point before the trigger, up to a set number of events:
• The Allow a new trigger after text box identifies the minimum time in ms between
two recorded events
• The Event slots text box sets the minimum number of events between two triggers
Events stored around a trigger constitute a page.
Click Apply to store the recorder configuration.
The lower part of this pane relates to actions and information on the recorder base itself.
The recorder status indicates whether it is full, empty, or if some records are available (Page
available) through non-editable check boxes.
Click Refresh to load the records from the PLC, click Erase All to clear the recorder, or click
Close to exit the recorder display.
Click View to display the following pane:
6.6 Maintenance
The HMI can drive the PLC in order to make some tests on the line, such as line response to
tone signals, signal generation test, system reboot, or shutdown.These tests can only be
performed if the T390 system is in maintenance (TEST) mode. Driving the PLC through the
HMI ensures this condition.
Note that the PC running the HMI must be connected directly to the system under test; the
operations involved cannot be performed remotely through the Power Line link.
This functionality is accessed through the main menu by selecting PLC|Maintenance, which
displays a pane with seven available tabs:
• System equalization
• Multitones
• Processing
• Loopback
• Misc
This functionality is used to equalize speech or telegraph analog channel, only, configured in
the T390 system.
It can be enabled by selecting Analog Channel 1 in the following radio button:
Remember to apply changes by clicking Apply on PLC. Clicking Save in flash writes the
equalization parameters permanently in flash so that they will be automatically applied on
next reboot.
6.6.1.4 Multitones tab
• Single Tone: the user can select in the table on the right of the pane up to four tones
to be sent.
• Multi Tones: the tone characteristics are pre-defined and not editable by the user. The
number of tones and the associated frequencies depend on the RF bandwidth in use
(this bandwidth is set on the amplifier unit, on which more information can be found in
Amplifier Description and Configuration, T390/EN AM):
• Fixed Symbol : the symbol consists of one 8-bit character and is indicated in
hexadecimal notation in the corresponding text box
• LAN to LAN: full gross bit rate is assigned to the LAN to LAN feature
The choice of maintenance mode is made by clicking the relevant Switch button.
6.6.1.6 Loopback tab
It is possible to apply a loopback on all digital and analog channels using this tab.
The loopback mode must be selected by right clicking on a channel and selecting the
required option:
• Data recorder
• System diagnostics
• Alarms
• Spectrum analyzer
Digital
This subtab gives the the instantaneous BER, measured on 1E6 bits and the propagation
delay in ms
Alarms
This subtab gives the current status of all TPi alarms.
A more complte description of all subtabs is given in T390/EN TP.
7. PREFERRED CONFIGURATIONS
The following configurations are preferred and have been more accurately tested during the
test campaign.
7.1 3 speeches + 3 signalings in 8kHz Analog band
7.2 3 speeches over 4kHz, 8kHz, or 16kHz Digital with separate Tx and Rx bands
7.4 1 speech and 1 signaling in 4kHz Analog + 1kHz Digital (Mixte mode 4kHz)
QAM
signaling Separate
Speech
1 kHz
1700
300 2500 4000
7.5 2 speeches + 2 signalings in 5 kHz Analog + 2 kHz Digital (Mixte mode 8kHz)
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
7.6 3 speeches + 3 signalings in 8 kHz Analog + 8 kHz Digital (Mixte mode 16kHz)
signaling
Speech TG
2400
0 300 4000
3720
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
7.13 1 speech + 1 signaling in 8 kHz Analog + 8 Khz Digital (mode Mixte 16kHz)
7.14 1 speech + 1 signaling in 8 kHz Analog + 8 Khz Digital (mode Mixte 16kHz)
Overall System Description T390/EN OS/B23
8. FIRMWARE CONFIGURATION
All parameters must be set correctly and must be consistent with the remote PLC.
Please refer to the relevant manuals for a description of the various parameters.
There are three options available for firmware configuration, as follows:
• Offline configuration
• Online services configuration
• Online patches
The preferred option is selected from the panel at the lower left of the configuration window.
• Wooden boxes for ship, aircraft and truck transportation which is likely take longer
than 60 days.
• Cardboard boxes for aircraft or truck transportation likely to take less than 30 days
9.1 Unpacking
• production mark
• destination
• net weight
• dimensions
• Extract any nails if the container is a wooden box, or the metal staples if container is a
compensated wood or carton box
• Wood or plywood boxes can be kept outdoors provided they are protected against rain
and sunlight.
• Long term storage temperature must be between -40 °C and +70 °C.
• Take out the carton pre-packing from the polyethylene tube by cutting one end. Do not
throw away the tube as it may later be needed for repacking.
• Do not throw away the tube as it may later be needed for re-packing.
• Check that the equipment was not damaged in transport, but if it was then contact the
company representative.
9.2.1.1 Equipment repacking
To repack equipment, proceed as follows:
• Insert the unit in its polyethylene tube and seal with adhesive tape
• Set the unit on the bed and insert the bed in the box
• Close the wood crate with the nails and the cardboard box with the metal staples
• Take care with the front panel switcher: there is a specific cutout on the bed to protect
it during shipment
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
KIT AMPX
Code Qty Item
BAG 1 Flat mini grip transparent bag
TB1 1 Power supply connector female plug
JMP1 20 Jumper red insulated-PCC 6.33mm for TXF board
CAB1 1 Cable SUB-D 9 points (for Low Power signals 0.4m)
CAB2 1 Cable BNC-BNC (for High Power signals 0.5m)
LEV1 2 Operating Lever for female and male con
T390/EN OS/B23 Overall System Description
KIT TPI
Code Qty Item
BAG 1 Polythene bag with zip seal
23mm x 32mm x 100μm
LAB 1 Sticker with "KIT 9000501"
TB1 1 Female Plug for P7 connection
(screw connection)
TB2 4 Female Plug for P1 to P4 connection (screw connection)
TB3 2 Female Plug for P5 to P6 connection (screw connection)
LEV1 2 Levers for WAGO Connectors
CAB1 1 Cable for LVDS 0,4m
KIT COMMISSIONNING
Code Qty Item
BAG 1 Polythene bag with zip seal
23mm x 32mm x 100μm
LAB 1 Sticker with "KIT 9000202"and Revision
CAB1 2 SMB plug to SMB plug coaxial cable
CAB2 1 CAT5e Crossover Patch Cable, 3 ft.
CD R6.x 1 CDROM (Customer release 6.x) with case and cover, including the HMI,
firmware and Documentation
Alstom Grid
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
Amplifier Description
and Configuration
Version 6.1
T390/EN AM/B23
GRID
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 7
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 8
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 9
3.1 Amplifier power supply indicators and connectors 9
3.2 AMP Extension Unit (AMPX) indicators and connectors 10
3.3 Application and system LED indicators 11
3.3.1 Ethernet activity (orange) 11
3.3.2 Ethernet link (green) 11
3.3.3 System indicators 11
3.3.4 Line fault 12
3.3.5 User SNR alarm 12
3.3.6 Remote maintenance 12
3.3.7 Local maintenance 12
3.3.8 TX power alarm 12
3.3.9 1/4 12
3.3.10 1/2 13
3.3.11 Full 13
3.4 Internal boards of the amplifier unit 13
3.5 Board physical layout 14
3.6 Internal interconnections 14
3.7 Functional interconnections 16
5. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION 43
5.1 AMP connectors 43
5.2 Power supply P6 connector 43
5.3 Unit chain P2/P3 connectors 44
5.4 HF access P4 connector 44
5.4.1 HF line output 44
5.4.2 HF output P7 80W 44
5.4.3 HF input P5 80W 45
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
LIST OF FIGURES
Version History
BLANK PAGE
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the amplifier parts of the modular PLC T390 system.
A PLC T390 link consists of two T390 systems (at least one processing unit and one
amplifier in each) configured in a Master/Slave relationship, with each system located on a
distribution or transmission substation, and they may be several hundred kilometres apart.
The T390 system offers comprehensive transmission capabilities over power lines using
Power Line Carrier (PLC) technologies. It supports voice and data transmission, and can
integrate a teleprotection system to react to problems in the electrical network.
The whole system is modular and is readily adaptable to customers’ needs in terms of
services (a mix of speech and data channels, data rate, etc.).
Additionally, a global software package is installed on each system. The package is available
in various levels, taking into account range and performance.
For further information on the T390 system as a whole, and on the units that comprise it,
please refer to the relevant user manuals:
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
Every PLC T390 link must have at least a T390 Amplifier (AMP) Unit and a T390 Processing
(PRCS) Unit. The amplifier offers a choice of different transmitting powers up to 40W,
configured by the HMI (Human-Machine Interface, described in the Overall System
Description, T390/EN OS).
Note that the maximum output power can be increased to 80W with the addition of an AMPX
80W Extension Amplifier Unit.
Note that Service units are not available in versions 6.0 and 6.1.
Each unit of a T390 system is enclosed in a stackable rack unit, as shown below.
The signals to be sent are prepared (modulation, error detection and correction scheme,
etc.) by the PRCS processing unit, which commands the amplifier to amplify and send them
over the line.
The system does not produce perturbations or spurious noise out of its own allocated band.
Bandwidth allocation: The system can transmit frequencies in bands that are from 2; 2.5;
4 kHz up to 16kHz wide, and within the range 20-700 kHz. The allowed bandwidth
allocations are shown graphically in section 4.3.2.
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Logic LED
Power LED
Power
supply
connector
D0577ENa
The LEDs above the power supply connector indicate the status of power supply connection
and detection. They function as follows:
The power supply connector is described in section 5.2, Power supply P6 connector.
3.2 AMP Extension Unit (AMPX) indicators and connectors
Figure 5 shows the AMPX amplifier connections (for supporting 80W power output).
The input and output connectors, P5 and P7, are described in section 5.4.3, HF input P5
80W and section 5.4.2, HF output P7 80W.
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
Status Description
ON Line Fault (not connected to HV line, or signal out of range)
Flash Bad line (not enough to assure data transmission)
OFF Line OK
Status Description
ON Alarm threshold reached
Flash Warning
OFF Within the user-defined limits
Status Description
ON Maintenance in progress (connected with the remote PLC)
Flash Maintenance error
OFF Maintenance off
Status Description
ON Local Maintenance in progress (the amplifier should be connected to a
dummy load, NOT the HF Line)
Flash Maintenance error
OFF Maintenance off
Status Description
ON Outside the user-defined limits
OFF Within the user-defined limits
3.3.9 1/4
Works with the other LEDs in this group to indicate Tx power status
Status Description
ON Power is a quarter of full power
Slow blinking Power is less than 1/4 of full power
OFF Power is more than 1/4 of full power
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
3.3.10 1/2
Works with the other LEDs in this group to indicate Tx power status
Status Description
ON Power is half full power
Flash Power is between 1/4 and 1/2 of full power
OFF Power is less than or equal to 1/4 or more than 1/2 of available power
3.3.11 Full
Works with the other LEDs in this group to indicate Tx power status
Status Description
ON Power is at maximum
Flash Power is between half and full power
OFF Power is less than or equal to half full power
Jumpers on the transmission filter board (TXF) and on the reception filter board (RXF) allow
frequency settings: the pass-band can be 2.5 kHz , 4 kHz, 8 kHz , or 16 kHz wide, and is in
the range 20kHz to 700kHz.
T390/EN AM/B23 Amplifier Description and Configuration
165mm
PPC
AFE
Alim
PSL TXF
PSH AMP
RXF
436mm
D0578XXa
REAR
FRONT
PPC
connexion to
connexion to
Digital Logic
Digital Logic
Interface
RXF
AFE
AFE
RXF
connexion to
connexion to
PSL
Analog
Analog
RXF
AFE
Mixed Analog Digital Logic Analog
connexion to connexion to connexion to connexion to
80W interf AMP AMP AMP
Digital Flags
Analog Input
& PSH cmd
AMP
Power On PSH
PSH
AMP
PSL
TX signal Out
To To To
RXOUT
PSH PPC RXF
Mixed
connexion to
AFE
TXIN
TXF
I80W PSL
80W Interface
48V Power
To 80W From 80W HF LINE
Supply
Aux AMP Aux AMP Connector
Connector
D0580ENa
RX1
T390/EN AM/B23
Superimposed
or adjacent modes
Asymmetrical Hybrid
AGND transformer with
impedance adjusting
(front side access)
Za
Line Impedance
40W Superimposed Matching :
Tx Programmable Filtering
Separated
Figure 13 shows the Tx filter board layout:
Protections
Balanced
Force capacitive
impedance Unbalanced
Tx / Rx Coupling for
separated mode
HFGND
Divider/
RX2
SMC Connector
To Front side
(Test point)
HFGND
HFGND
D0584ENa
e-terragridcomT390
Amplifier Description and Configuration
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
Mode Impedance
Unbalanced 50 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP44:1-2, JP48:2-3, JP49:1-2
Unbalanced 75 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP45:1-2, JP48:2-3, JP49:1-2
Unbalanced 125 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP46:1-2, JP48:2-3, JP49:1-2
Unbalanced 150 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP47:1-2, JP48:2-3, JP49:1-2
Balanced 50 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP44:1-2, JP48:2-3
Balanced 75 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP45:1-2, JP48:2-3
Balanced 125 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP46:1-2, JP48:2-3
Balanced 150 Ohms JP43:2-3, JP47:1-2, JP48:2-3
The jumper positions for the AMP-AMPX connection are shown in Figure 16.
• PTC-Tx9x-E-DEV-TXF-001.xls
• PTC-Tx9x-E-DEV-RXF-001.xls
4.2.5.1 Tuning TX filters
4.2.5.1.1 Test bench
The test bench uses a selective voltmeter and a generator, the SMP31 / PSE31 from W&G
(ACTERNA) is a good example, but any Generator / Level Meter couple would be Ok if it
provides the following settings:
Generator Selective
Level Meter
75 Ohm 75 Ohm
Output Intput
D0621ENa
• Set the level meter to selective and tune the frequency to the central frequency of the
filter
• Free the L1 and L2 nuts and screw the black button of L1 and L2 at the maximum
First step:
• Connect the A point of the test bench to the input of the filter (connector J1 "From
AMP")
• Unscrew the black button of inductance L1 to find a minimum on the level meter
NOTE: Don't care about the level of the minimum, just find it.
Second step:
• Connect the A point of the test bench to the output of the filter (HF Line)
• Unscrew the black button of inductance L2 to find a minimum on the level meter
NOTE: Don't care about the level of the minimum, just find it.
Third step:
Come back to the usual measurement of the filter response. You should be very close to the
right tuning.
4.2.5.2 Tuning RX filters
4.2.5.2.1 Test bench
The test bench is the same than for TXF.
4.2.5.2.2 Tuning the filter
On the test bench:
• Set the level meter to selective and tune the frequency to the central frequency of the
filter
• Connect the A point of the test bench to the input of the filter (connector J1 "From
Hybrid TXF")
• Unscrew the tuning screw of inductance L1 to find a minimum on the level meter
NOTE: Don't care about the level of the minimum, just find it.
T390/EN AM/B23 Amplifier Description and Configuration
Second step:
• Connect the A point of the test bench to the output of the filter (connector J2
"OUTPUT")
• Unscrew the tuning screw of inductance L2 to find a minimum on the level meter
NOTE: Don't care about the level of the minimum, just find it.
Third Step:
• Unscrew the tuning screw of inductance L3 to find a maximum on the level meter
NOTE: Don't care about the level of the maximum, just find it.
Fourth step:
Come back to the usual measurement of the filter response. You should be very close to the
right tuning.
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
• R.F. Stage
• Advanced
The panel at the foot of the screen displays either a graphical representation of the amplifier
rack front panel or the HF distribution bandwidths (controlled by Show HF/Hide HF).
− Pmax (default)
− Pmax/2
− Pmax/4
PEP Limiter: The signal power setting for the limiter can be expressed in two ways:
• 1Khz
• 2Khz
• 4Khz
• 8Khz
• 16Khz
• No QAM (disables digital transmission; system operates with analogue functions only)
4.3.1.4 Transmission Center Frequency
This value sets the transmission centre frequency, using two slide bars:
• The top slide bar adjusts the centre frequency in 1kHz steps, the default value being
184kHz. The actual value is displayed in the text box above the slide bar. The actual
frequency range depends on the effective signal transmission power and can be
derived as follows:
⇒ Minimum frequency (in kHz): 20 + 0.5*RF Bandwidth (in kHz)
• The top slide bar allows for setting of the centre frequency in 1kHz steps, the default
value being 184kHz. The actual value is displayed in the text box above the slide bar.
The actual frequency range depends on the effective signal transmission power and
can be derived as follows: …same q, different calculation here, though…
− Minimum frequency (in kHz): 20 + 0.5*Effective power (in W)
• The bottom slide bar provides finer adjustment of the frequency by up to 500Hz on
either side of the currently set centre frequency. The adjustment is in steps of about
0.39Hz (exactly 25600/65536 Hz). The actual adjustment value is displayed in the text
box above the slide bar.
THESE SETTINGS MUST BE CONSISTENT ACROSS THE SYSTEM.
THE RX FREQUENCY AT EITHER END MUST MATCH THE TX
FREQUENCY AT THE OTHER.
4.3.1.6 PLC Mode panel
The signal is transmitted using QAM modulation. The transmission and reception bands can
be either separated or superimposed. The settings under PLC mode are as follows:
• R.F. Mode: The operator selects a QAM modulation scheme with transmission and
reception bands either separated or superimposed. If “superimposed” is selected, the
Rx (reception) centre frequency settings are grayed out and are no longer editable
(since the Rx and Tx centre frequencies are the same in this mode).
• PLC dialog: For internal synchronization, a PLC link needs one system to be defined
as MASTER, the other as the SLAVE. The selection of MASTER and SLAVE is an
arbitrary choice; technically, the only difference is in the placement of the FSK
maintenance channel. The Tx maintenance channel is on the right side (upper
frequencies) of the Tx transmit channel for the system master.
4.3.2 Bandwidth Allocation
The system can transmit frequencies in bands that are from 2 kHz up to 16 kHz wide and
within the range of 20-700 kHz.
The available configurations in the release 6.x for bandwidth allocation are shown in the
following figures:
4.3.2.1 Separated or adjacent band mode 1
1
In digital modulation adjacent mode (no interband) is allowed with reduced performance due to
noise reinjection within the QAM band relative to the RX filter shape.
T390/EN AM/B23 Amplifier Description and Configuration
FIGURE 24: 4 KHZ MIXED, MODE DIGITAL 1KHZ + ANALOG 2.5 KHZ SEPARATED
FIGURE 28: 8 KHZ MIXED, 4 KHZ DIGITAL + 4 KHZ ANALOG SEPARATED OR ADJACENT
FIGURE 29: 8 KHZ MIXED, 2 KHZ DIGITAL + 5 KHZ ANALOG SEPARATED OR ADJACENT
FIGURE 30: 12 KHZ MIXED, 8 KHZ DIGITAL+ 4 KHZ ANALOG SEPARATED OR ADJACENT
FIGURE 33: 16 KHZ MIXED DIGITAL 4 KHZ, ANALOG 8 KHZ + SRV 4 KHZ
NOTE: On the master PLC, the FSK maintenance channel on the transmit
side is always placed to the right of the allocated band, on the slave
PLC it is placed on the left hand side.
4.3.2.2 Superimposed band mode
In superimposed mode, the Tx/Rx channels are between two FSK maintenance channels.
4.3.2.3 Show HF
In the Configuration Window, click SHOW HF to display a graphical view of the currently
allocated HF bandwidth. The display updates immediately for changes in the layout.
Additionally, any unintentional overlaps (i.e. for allocations other than in superimposed
mode) are highlighted in red as shown in Figure 37:
• AGC level: this level should stay within two limits (low and high). A high-level
threshold is set so that an alarm is raised if the AGC level rises above it. Similarly, a
low-level threshold is set so that an alarm is raised if the AGC level falls below it. The
high and low thresholds are adjustable by the operator, with the following constraints:
− AGC high-level threshold is set between -20dB and 48dB in 1dB steps, the
default value being 32dB.
− AGC low-level threshold is set between -21dB and 47dB in 1dB steps, the
default value being -16dB.
These two values must be consistent, i.e. the high-level threshold must be greater than the
low-level threshold.
• Mask Delay is used to mask the alarm for a given time. The alarms on high-level and
low-level threshold are not issued until after the delay expires. The Mask Delay is set
between 1s and 10s in 1s steps, the default value being 5s.
Adjustment of these parameters is performed using the corresponding slide bars, the actual
value being displayed in the adjacent text boxes.
4.3.3.2 Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) Alarm panel
A minimum SNR is necessary to maintain proper operation of the system. An SNR level
threshold is defined and an alarm is raised if the SNR falls below this level.
The SNR level threshold can be defined in this panel using the relevant slide bar. Its value
must be between 6dB and 90dB and can be adjusted in 1dB steps, the default value being
6dB. The actual value is displayed in the adjacent text box.
4.3.3.3 Gain Alarm panel
The gain alarm enable is ticked on automatically when “AMPX available”, under “RF stage”
configuration, is on.
It’s a limitation of TX power to avoid transmission saturation for 80w configuration.
4.3.3.4 Enable Amplifier panel
The Enable Amplifier checkbox is used for Amplifier commissioning.
The procedure is as follows:
1. Uncheck Enable Amplifier and apply changes
2. Shut down the system and configure the hardware filters
3. Restart the system and go back to the configuration tab
4. Set up filter frequencies in the RF Stage tab
5. Click Enable Amplifier
6. Apply changes
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
FSK
Noise
Measurement
QAM BW
TPx BAND
Fc
USER BAND
D0404ENa
• Superimposed Mode
TPx BAND
QAM BW
Fc
USER BAND
D0323ENa
• Outband
In the second case, the noise will be measured in a band allocated to the equipment (the
interband, for example).
The second option is:
• A narrow band filter of 70Hz, easy to allocate but not so representative of the real
noise level
• A wide band filter of 1740Hz, not so easy to allocate but more representative of the
real noise in the user band
The operator must also choose whether to allocate the band on the same side as the FSK or
on the opposite side.
NOTE THAT A WRONG CHOICE COULD JEOPARDISE THE START OF
THE SYSTEM. NOISE MEASUREMENT IS CRITICAL FOR CORRECT
EQUIPMENT OPERATION.
In summary,
• For a Master system, in reception, the FSK is on lower side of the QAM by default:
− Choosing the opposite side from the FSK selects the upper frequencies.
− Choosing the same side as the FSK selects the lower frequencies
• For a Slave system, in reception, FSK is on the upper side of the QAM by default:
− Choosing the opposite side from the FSK selects the lower frequencies.
− Choosing the same side as the FSK selects the upper frequencies
The last option is the band allocation, for which two criteria apply:
• The maximum distance from the QAM centre is 12.8 kHz to measure the noise
• The allocation frequency is the distance from the band edge to the noise band centre
frequency
T390/EN AM/B23 Amplifier Description and Configuration
• Near: The noise is measured in the band closer to the user band (e.g. 850Hz for a
wide noise band)
• Middle: The noise is measured in the middle of the band available between the edge
and the maximum of 12.8khz
• Far: The band is measured at the maximum distance of the QAM centre, 12.8 kHz
• Custom: The user can choose the centre frequency of the noise band as the distance
from the band edge.
− For 70Hz the distance cannot be less than 35Hz in order not to filter into the QAM
band
For example, for a band of 4 kHz centred on 200kHz:
The wide filter centre frequency can be between 850Hz and 9.5kHz, corresponding to
197.150kHz and 188.5kHz, respectively.
For superimposed configuration the option is only “Opposite side of RX FSK”.
Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AM/B23
− at amplitude -10
Step 4: Plug the selective voltmeter into the J4 connector (test point).
T390/EN AM/B23 Amplifier Description and Configuration
Step 5: Carry out the adjustment. The scope is to minimize the level in reception by
selecting the capacitors/resistors J7 and the Potentiometer P1.
a) First, try to minimize the level by selecting the capacitors/resistors J7.
b) Once the minimum is reached, tune the Potentiometer P1 to seek a new
minimum.
c) Repeat a
d) And b until the absolute minimum is achieved on the selective voltmeter.
2 100
3 150
4 220
5 270
6 320
7 370
8 440
9 490
10 540
11 590
12 660
13 710
14 760
15 810
2 43Ω - 56Ω
3 48Ω - 61Ω
4 58Ω - 71Ω
5 64Ω - 78Ω
6 74Ω - 88Ω
7 79Ω - 92Ω
8 89Ω - 102Ω
2 53Ω - 120Ω
3 89Ω - 155Ω
4 120Ω - 186Ω
5 155Ω - 222Ω
6 186Ω - 253Ω
7 222Ω - 288Ω
8 253Ω - 320Ω
5. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION
DO NOT TOUCH THE HIGH FREQUENCY 3-PIN TERMINATIONS OR
THE INNER CORE OF THE BNC CABLE WHEN THE T390 IS
ENERGIZED.
P1 Ethernet access
P2 Unit chain out
P3 Unit chain in
P4 HF line output
P5 Input AMPX
P6 Power supply
P7 Output AMPX
Logic LED
Power LED
Power
supply
connector
D0577ENa
HF access uses a single connector, the same for the 75Ω unbalanced access and all the
other types of connections (balanced for all impedance values and unbalanced for 50Ω,
125Ω, and 150Ω).
The connector type is "Power Sub-connect" with three poles, from PHOENIX CONTACT.
The allocation of poles, front view, is:
3 2 1
FRONT VIEW
D0588ENa
HF signal
Body
D0589ENa
BLANK PAGE
Alstom Grid
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
Version 6.1
T390/EN AX/B23
GRID
80W Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AX/B23
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 5
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 6
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 7
3.1 Power supply indicators 8
3.2 System Led Indicators 8
6. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION 15
6.1 AMPX Connectors 15
6.2 HF input P1 Connector 15
6.3 Power supply P3 connector 16
6.4 HF output P2 connector 16
7. AMPX ACCESSORIES 17
7.1 Kit description 17
7.2 CAB9001201-400 description 17
7.3 CAB9001301-500 description 18
T390/EN AX/B23 80W Amplifier Description and Configuration
LIST OF FIGURES
Version history
BLANK PAGE
80W Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AX/B23
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the AMPX amplifier unit of the modular PLC T390 system.
A PLC T390 link consists of two T390 systems (at least one processing unit and one
amplifier in each) configured in a Master/Slave relationship, with each system located on a
distribution or transmission substation, and they may be several hundred kilometres apart.
The T390 system offers comprehensive transmission capabilities over power lines using
Power Line Carrier (PLC) technologies. It supports voice and data transmission, and can
integrate a teleprotection system to react to problems in the electrical network.
The whole system is modular and is readily adaptable to customers’ needs in terms of
services (a mix of speech and data channels, data rate, etc.). The maximum power output of
a T390 system using only the standard AMP unit is 40W. This can be increased to 80W with
the addition to the system of an AMPX unit.
Additionally, a global software package is installed on each system. The package is available
in various levels, taking into account range and performance.
For further information on the T390 system as a whole, and on the units that comprise it,
please refer to the relevant user manuals:
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
Every T390 installation must have at least a T390 Amplifier Unit (AMP) and a T390
Processing Unit (PRCS). The amplifier offers a choice of different transmitting powers up to
40W, configured by the HMI (Human-Machine Interface, described in the Overall System
Description). The output power can be increased to 80W with the addition of a T390 AMPX
80W Extension Amplifier Unit.
Each component of a T390 system is enclosed in a stackable rack unit, as shown in the
figures below.
The signals to be sent are prepared (modulation, error detection and correction scheme,
etc.) by the PRCS processing unit, which commands the amplifier to amplify and send them
over the line.
The system does not produce perturbations or spurious noise out of its own allocated band.
Bandwidth allocation: The system can transmit frequencies in bands that are from 4 kHz
up to 16kHz wide, and within the range 20-700 kHz. The allowed bandwidth allocations are
detailed in the AMP documentation, T390/EN AM.
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
BEFORE CARRYING OUT ANY WORK ON THE EQUIPMENT, THE USER
SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH THE CONTENTS OF THE SAFETY
SECTION, THE TECHNICAL DATA SECTION AND THE RATINGS ON
THE EQUIPMENT RATING LABEL.
DO NOT TOUCH THE HIGH FREQUENCY 3 PIN TERMINATIONS OR
THE INNER CORE OF THE BNC CABLE, WHEN THE T390 IS
ENERGIZED.
AMP-AMPX connection:
Logic LED
Power LED
Power
supply
connector
D0577ENa
Jumpers located on the transmission filter board (TXF) allow for frequency settings: the
pass-band can be 4kHz, 8kHz or 16kHz wide, and is in the range from 20kHz to 700kHz.
4.1 Board physical layout
Figure 7 shows the basic board physical layout. The main purpose of this diagram is to
identify the position of the physical elements used for configuration, i.e. jumpers and
connectors.
165mm
PPC
AFE
Alim
PSL TXF
PSH AMP
436mm
D0591xxa
REAR
IOX11
IOX11 C2 (J2)
IOX18
(J3)
IO16
Lower C3
J1
horizontal
board
IO16
AMP
Vertical board
Power cable
PSH/A
Data cable
IOX15
C6
TXF
IOX15
I80W
Cable list:
Digital Flags
Analog Input
& PSH cmd
AMP
Power On PSH
PSH
AMP
PSL
TX signal Out
To
RXOUT
PSH
Mixed
connexion
AMP
TXIN PSL
TXF B (Under equipped)
I80W
80W Interface
48V Power
From 80W To 80W
Supply
Main AMP Main AMP
Connector
D0593ENa
5.2.1 Jumper configuration for TX boards for AMP and AMPX units
AMP – AMPX
JP38: 1-2, 2-3 open 3-4 closed
JP51: 1-2 open 2-3 closed
The two jumpers JP38 and JP51 on the TXFA and TXFB boards from the AMP and AMPX
units, respectively, need to be modified to activate the power summation. Refer to the Excel
file for filter configuration to set the jumper positioning.
5.2.2 HF access impedance settings
The impedance on the HF output can be modified using JP43, JP44, JP45, JP46, JP47,
JP48 and JP49 on the TXF board.
Refer to the AMP documentation.
6. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION
DO NOT TOUCH THE HIGH FREQUENCY 3 PIN TERMINATIONS OR
THE INNER CORE OF THE BNC CABLE, WHEN THE T390 IS
ENERGIZED.
P1 Input AMP
P2 Output AMP
P3 Power supply
FRONT VIEW
D0588ENa
HF signal
Body
D0595ENa
This output must be connected to the AMP input connector using cable CAB9001301-500.
80W Amplifier Description and Configuration T390/EN AX/B23
7. AMPX ACCESSORIES
7.1 Kit description
400 mm
SUB-D SUB-D
9 points 9 points
Male Male
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
Version 6.1
T390/EN PU/B23
GRID
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 7
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 8
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 9
3.1 Power Supply LEDs 9
3.1.1 Main LED 9
3.1.2 Aux LED 9
3.2 Functional LED details 10
3.2.1 Ethernet 10/100 MB: Activity 10
3.2.2 Ethernet 10/100 MB: Link 10
3.2.3 Internal Error and System OK 10
3.2.4 User Alarm: AL1& AL2 11
3.2.5 FallBack Mode 11
3.2.6 Normal Mode 11
3.2.7 IRIG B Synchro 11
3.2.8 Serv local (analog mode only) 11
3.2.9 TP – Error 11
3.2.10 TP – online 12
3.2.11 TP – active 12
5. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION 40
5.1 Power Supply P12 connector 40
5.2 Unit Chain P2 & P3 connectors 40
5.3 Alarms P11 connector 41
5.4 External Teleprotection P4 connector 41
5.5 IRIG B P10 connector 42
5.6 V11/X24 P5 connector 43
5.7 RS 232 P6 to P9 connectors 45
5.8 Service Phone P13 connector (RJ11) 46
5.9 Speech Channels P14 to P16 connectors 46
5.10 Reference Voltage P17 connector 48
5.10.1 Reference input access for telephone circuits 48
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
LIST OF FIGURES
Version History
BLANK PAGE
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the Processing Unit (PRCSe) of the PLC T390 system.
A PLC T390 link consists of two T390 systems (at least one processing unit and one
amplifier in each) configured in a Master/Slave relationship, with each system located on a
distribution or transmission substation, and they may be several hundred kilometres apart.
The T390 system offers comprehensive transmission capabilities over power lines using
Power Line Carrier (PLC) technologies. It supports voice and data transmission, and can
integrate a teleprotection system to react to problems in the electrical network.
The whole system is modular and is readily adaptable to customers’ needs in terms of
services (a mix of speech and data channels, data rate, etc.).
Additionally, a global software package is installed on each system. The package is available
in various levels, taking into account range and performance.
For further information on the T390 system as a whole, and on the units that comprise it,
please refer to the relevant user manuals:
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
Every T390 installation must have at least a T390 Amplifier Unit and a T390 Processing Unit.
The signals to be sent are prepared (modulation, error detection and correction scheme,
etc.) by the Processing Unit (PRCS), which then commands the amplifier to amplify and
send them over the line. The PRCS samples (in digital mode only) and modulates the signal
using either QAM for normal data or FSK for out-of-band data (e.g. for alarms and external
teleprotection). For simpler configurations, the PRCS can also provide service capabilities.
Note that Service units are not available in release 6.1.
The amplifier offers a choice of different transmitting powers up to 40W, configured by the
HMI (Human-Machine Interface, described in the Overall System Description). Note that the
output power can be increased to 80W by adding a T390 80W Extension Amplifier Unit.
Each component of a T390 system is enclosed in a stackable rack unit, as in Figure 1 below.
The system does not produce perturbations or spurious noise out of its own allocated band.
Bandwidth allocation: The system can transmit frequencies in bands that are from 4 kHz
up to 16kHz wide, and within the range 20-700 kHz. The allowed bandwidth allocations are
shown graphically in the T390 Amplifier Description and Configuration, T390/EN AM.
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
This section describes the physical appearance of the PRCS, with its various interfaces,
connectors, and LED indicators. The individual functions of the LED indicators are set out in
the tables following. These indicators, along with the interfaces and other connectors, are
highlighted in Figure 2:
FIGURE 2: INDICATOR AND CONNECTOR LAYOUT ON THE T390 PROCESSING UNIT (PRCS)
The interfaces and other connectors on the PRCS front panel are described in detail in
section 5: Connectors Description.
3.1 Power Supply LEDs
System OK Internal Error Description (see HMI section for more details)
OFF ON Internal Unit error
ON FAST BLINKING Internal configuration error
OFF SLOW BLINKING Waiting for configuration
FAST N/A Bit stream transfer with HMI in progress (events, QAM
BLINKING diagram, recorder, etc.)
ON OFF System is running and waiting for line synchronization
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
Status Description
ON Relay 1, 1 of both contacts closed
OFF Relay 2 , 1 of both contacts open
Status Description
ON Fall Back mode activated
OFF Normal mode or TDM is off
Status Description
ON Normal mode activated / Services are running
Flash (slow) Waiting for QAM signal
Flash (Fast) Waiting for TDM synchronization (searching for marker)
OFF TDM OFF
Status Description
ON Full synchronization with PLC
OFF No IRIG B Signal
Status Description
ON All local services are activated
Flash (slow) At least one channel has failed
Flash (Fast) At least one channel is locked
OFF All services are off
3.2.9 TP – Error
Indicates the operational status of external teleprotection.
Status Description
ON Error on TPX
Flash (Fast) Safety presence
OFF No error
T390/EN PU/B23 Processing Unit Description and Configuration
3.2.10 TP – online
Indicates the availability of the external teleprotection.
Status Description
ON TPX enabled and running
Flash (slow) TPX enabled but not running
OFF TPX not activated
3.2.11 TP – active
Indicates whether external teleprotection is active.
Status Description
ON TPX BLE active
OFF BLE off
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
The bottom right of the window displays a front view of the PRCS. According to which tab is
selected, and therefore which pane is displayed in the main window, the relevant interface is
circled on the front view picture, as in Figure 10 .
V11 clock
The clock source is selected from the three options by clicking one of the radio buttons:
Internal: The clock signal is generated by the PRCS unit
On master: The clock signal is provided by the device connected to the V11 connector
on the PLC master.
On slave: The clock signal is provided by the device connected to the V11 connector
on the PLC slave
4.3.1.3 Channel speed
The channel speed is set either by making a selection from a pull-down list in the lower of
the two boxes, or by typing a speed in the upper box. First click one of the radio buttons to
select the entry method. The default value is 64 kbit/s.
A typed-in speed must be consistent with the maximum bandwidth capacity of the selected
encoder mode (see section 4.3.2, Encoder for details).
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
The settings for Fallback mode define the modification of transmission settings, and
limitation of the total available data rate, that will be applied when transmission conditions
are degraded beyond user-defined thresholds.
If fallback is disabled, the system will try to continue transmitting as normal, regardless of
degraded transmission conditions.
Derived data rates are displayed in the bandwidth usage banner, at the foot of the window.
Fallback encoder parameter values must be lower than those for normal operation.
4.3.2.2 Quality of Service panel
The Entry and Exit conditions are computed thanks the expected Quality of Service defined
by user. The quality of Service is the highest guaranteed BER.
Furthermore, the user can choose the delay before returning from Fallback to Normal
conditions.
The gross and user rates displayed in the Encoder Configuration panel are calculated from
the encoder type and the transmission parameters defined for the amplifier.
4.3.2.3 High Speed Modem Key
If option KEY-HSM is installed, only the Data channels are transmitted, using a 4 kHz band,
and the encoding is limited to QAM4, QAM8, QAM16, or TCM32.
4.3.3 Misc
• Check Back to Back, automatically sets RX Clk external and TX Clk external
The HMI globally checks that the settings are compatible with the bandwidth usage (both for
normal and fallback mode): channel activation and associated parameters are used to derive
the necessary bandwidth for each channel and a check is made against the total available
bandwidth. The check is performed for every change in any of “Channel activation: Enable”,
“Fallback: Available” and “Channel Speed”.
The total bandwidth in use for both normal and fallback modes is displayed on the bandwidth
usage banner.
4.3.5 User Alarm
External alarms (e.g. sound alarms, large flashing light, etc.) can be connected to the PRCS
unit to rapidly alert the operators of (potentially) blocking transmission or system problems.
The connectors are detailed in section 5.3.
A lock condition can be specified so that a specific problem puts the system in lock mode (all
channels configured as “locked in case of bad line” are disabled when that condition arises).
The last column, Trigger, sets which alarms will trigger the data recorder (must be set up
with the Event trigger option, described in Overall System Description, T390/EN OS).
The User Alarm panel also supports setting the mapping between the alarms/lock condition
and the system events. For some of these events, it is possible to detect them remotely (i.e.
to detect events on a T390 system across the power line). The following table lists the
possible events and describes this mapping:
Available
Event name Short description Associated LED
remotely?
Available
Event name Short description Associated LED
remotely?
TPX command too YES Duration command over the Not Applicable
long threshold
TPX Error YES When External TP is in Error “TPX Error” LED on the
Processing Unit
TPX Active YES When External TP is Active “TPX Active” LED on the
Processing Unit
TPX Safety YES When External TP is TPX Safety” LED on the
Connected Processing Unit
Temperature YES Amplifier internal Not Applicable
temperature has reached a
threshold
Analog Channel 1 NO Channel 1 is currently being Not Applicable
Equalization equalized
Analog Channel 2 NO Channel 2 is currently being Not Applicable
Equalization equalized
Analog TX power NO Analog channels TX power is Not Applicable
too high over a preset threshold
Analogue TX power NO Analog channels TX power is Not Applicable
error in error
When an external Teleprotection is connected to the PRCS, the relevant parameters are
configured in this pane, as described below.
4.3.6.1 TP Deactivated
Select TP Deactivated to disable the TP interface (default).
T390/EN PU/B23 Processing Unit Description and Configuration
4.3.6.2 TPX
Select TPX when an external Teleprotection is connected to the PRCS unit. With TPX
enabled, the parameter setting panels become available:
4.3.6.3 Input Gain
Use the slide bar to set the PLC Gain, which is the relative gain in the PLC of the TPX
channel. The absolute reference of this gain is given for PLC gain=0, Boost mode disabled.
For this configuration, a single tone at the PLC input with a level of 0dBm gives a tone at
46dBm on the R.F. line.
Note that some option buttons may be unavailable if the boost is 6dB or 12dB.
4.3.6.4 Boost Mode
The command sent by the teleprotection can be boosted to reduce the risk of losing the
signal, although the default state is disabled. The available settings are:
Disabled: no boost 6dB: boost the signal by 6dB 12dB: boost the signal by 12dB
4.3.6.5 Use guard sent by PLC
With this option selected, the TPX works in external mode, using the analog channel
signalling tone as guard. The signalling must be located on Analogue Channel 1. The TPX
must be calibrated in order to use the T390 internal signalling tone correctly.
The signalling level is set 26dB under the PEP of Analogue Channel 1.
4.3.6.6 Guard Level
This part shows the available power associated to channel supporting the TPX.
4.3.6.11 Selective cutting
4.3.6.11.1 Short description
The selective cutting dialog box allows to select the services that are cut when a TP
command is active thus allocating more power to it. This selection is available for the TPX
and for each TPI.
T390/EN PU/B23 Processing Unit Description and Configuration
This window is called from the TPX tab of the PRCS. Click on selective cutting the following
windows appears:
− Case TPI over Speech: the speech on which is the TPI is automatically selected.
Case TPI FULL BAND (or TPX not over Speech): if the TP is alone in the channel (no
services selected for another TP), all the services available in the channel are selected.
4.3.7 Ringing Generator
• Transit : 4W
If Line Extension is enabled, then click FXO or FXS, to select the Foreign Exchange role:
• For connection to a PABX, the setting must be FXO (available only on B and C)
Click the Config button to display the panel shown in Figure 24:
beginning end
2160 2280
2260 2380
2280 2400
2460 2580
3600 3720
4440 4560
4640 4760
5040 5160
5880 6000
6040 6160
6240 6360
6720 6840
7020 7140
7320 7440
7620 7740
TABLE 3: POSSIBLE SIGNALLINGS
Phone speech 2&3 Line Extension FXS speech Line Extension FXO speech
2&3 2&3
Advanced with phone Advanced without phone Advanced with speech 2&3
interface speech1 interface speech1 (default) (default)
Processing Unit Description and Configuration T390/EN PU/B23
• Full band
• 1200 Bds
• 600 Bds
Don’t click on filtering and local center Freq and Remote center Freq settings are locked
4.4.4 MTU configuration (analog mode)
• The Splitting mode pull-down box only appears on the Channel Activation panels for
MTU1 and MTU3
• If Splitting mode|Slave is selected for MTU1 or MTU3, then either MTU2 or MTU4,
respectively, is grayed out (i.e. is unavailable).
5. CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION
The table identifies all the PRCS unit connectors:
• Standard 200-04,
D0601ENa
Pin allocation:
Depending on the role given to the interface (DTE or DCE), the pin assignment differs.
Details are given in the table below for an interface being used as DCE:
If the interface is used as DTE, input and output pins must be swapped.
V11/X24 Interface
(ISO 4903)
1
9 T(B)
2 T(A)
10
3 R(B)
11
4 R(A)
12
5 S(B)
13
S(A)
6 S'(B)
14
7 S'(A)
15
8
5.10.1.2 Connectors
References: WAGO 231-433 (Male, 3 points, 5 mm, Right angle)
Pin out:
Pin Signal
1 VREFOUT (in) + Positive
2 MECA GRND (out)
3 VREFIN (in) – Negative
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
Application Note
Version 6.1
T390/EN AP/B23
GRID
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
CONTENTS
SAFETY SECTION
SAFETY SECTION
Safety Section
(SS) - 1/6
1. INTRODUCTION 2
(SS) - 2/6
1. INTRODUCTION
This Safety Section and the relevant equipment documentation provide full information on
safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment. This Safety Section also
includes reference to typical equipment label markings.
The technical data in this Safety Section is typical only, see the technical data section of the
relevant equipment documentation for data specific to a particular equipment.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment the user should be familiar with
the contents of this Safety Section and the ratings on the equipment’s rating
label.
Reference should be made to the external connection diagram before the equipment is
installed, commissioned or serviced.
Language specific, self-adhesive User Interface labels are provided in a bag for some
equipment.
• Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and
of the system to which it is being connected;
• Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety
engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and
to isolate, ground, and label it;
• Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety
engineering practices;
(SS) - 3/6
Note: This symbol may also be used for a Protective Conductor (Earth) terminal if that
terminal is part of a terminal block or sub-assembly e.g. power supply.
(SS) - 4/6
(SS) - 5/6
Disposal
It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water courses is avoided.
The equipment should be disposed of in a safe manner. Any equipment
containing batteries should have them removed before disposal, taking
precautions to avoid short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of
operation, may apply to the disposal of the equipment.
Safety Section
(SS) - 6/6
6.4 Environment
The equipment is intended for indoor installation and use only. If it is required for use in an
outdoor environment then it must be mounted in a specific cabinet of housing which will
enable it to meet the requirements of IEC 60529 with the classification of degree of
protection IP54 (dust and splashing water protected).
Pollution Degree - Pollution Degree 2 Compliance is demonstrated by reference to safety
Altitude - Operation up to 2000m standards.
IEC 60255-27:2005
EN 60255-27: 2005
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
CONTENTS
1. GENERAL 9
1.1 Physical connection between a PC and a PLC 9
1.1.1 Basic connection 9
1.1.2 Indirect PC connection through a LAN (complex configuration) 10
1.2 Check if your PC is able to access the equipment 10
4. SECURITY PACK 20
4.1 Overview 20
4.2 Enabling the security 20
5. ANNEXES 21
5.1 Uderstanding ip addressing 21
5.2 Classes 21
5.2.1 Class A network 21
5.2.2 Class B network 21
5.2.3 Class C network 21
5.2.4 Class D network 21
5.2.5 Class E network 21
5.3 Internet-legal versus Private addressing 22
5.4 Understanding subnet mask 22
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 8/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. GENERAL
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the
contents of the safety section, the technical data section and the ratings on the
equipment rating label.
All units of system are connected together through the daisy-chain lvds ring. This feature
allows seeing and configuring the whole system with only one Ethernet connection.
However, under some circumstances (firmware corruption, kernels incompatibility,
parameters mismatch, etc), it could be necessary to connect to each unit to restablish the
system coherency.
We recommend connecting always to the processing unit for faster access to the
equipment.
1.1.1 Basic connection
Basic connection means that PC and T390 equipment are not connected to an existing LAN
or WAN, allowing a complete free Ethernet configuration.
In this figure, you are completely free for choosing the IP address of the equipment.
By default, the IP address of T390 equipment is given below according to the kind of
equipment. In any case, this value should be mentioned in the TRS or FAT/SAT report
sheet.
If no change has been made during commissioning, FAT or SAT, all units have the same
default IP address, forbidding connecting them on a HUB or switching equipment.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 10/208 e-terragridcomT390
Connect only one unit first, reconfigure the IP address/mask/gateway of each recognized
units, and reboot the system. After this operation, you may connect all units to the HUB.
1.1.2 Indirect PC connection through a LAN (complex configuration)
In the scheme depicted below, each computer shown are able to configure the digital PLC.
In addition, through the LAN2LAN feature of the PLC, you could also configure the remote
PLC and all PLC seen through the TCP/IP network.
Telephone Telephone
Fax
Computer
Digital PBX
Printer
Computer
Printer ETHERNET LAN
Computer
ETHERNET LAN
Internet
Before connecting the PLC to a network, you have to properly configure your equipment to
be compliant with your network. Otherwise you may jeopardize your network and/or not be
able to access your equipment.
Connect first your equipment to an isolated network as described in the above basic
connection chapter, and configure properly your system.
Contact your network administrator to obtain a free IP address range for your products and
the gateway IP address if a router is on the path between your PC and the connected
equipments.
Verify also the presence of a firewall in the network that may block the traffic between the
HMI and the T390.
1.2 Check if your PC is able to access the equipment
The PC should be configured properly to be able to see the Ethernet subnet of the PLC. In
other words, the PC should have an IP address mask allowing to not hide the address of the
connected equipment.
To know and configure your PC, follow the guide below:
Under WINDOWS 2000/XP;
Run ipconfig/all from a Command Prompt window.
(click Start, then Run, then type cmd in the text box.)
Type in ipconfig /all in the Command Prompt Windows.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Connecting the HMI to T390
e-terragridcomT390 Page 11/208
• Configure the units.ini file within HMI directory to point the PLC units.
Click on "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" and then click the "Properties" button.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Connecting the HMI to T390
e-terragridcomT390 Page 13/208
Then, the following window allows you to configure the IP address, the subnet mask and the
gateway address for this connection.
To connect the Personal computer directly to the PLC, enter an IP Address compatible with
the Subnet Mask of the PLC IP configuration. Set the Default gateway field to 0.0.0.0. The
DNS server address fields can be left blank.
Example:
The default configuration of the PLC is:
• IP Address: 10.22.171.200
• IP Address: 10.22.171.202
• Program the TCP/IP properties of your computer according to the T390 default
configuration and connect directly the PLC and the computer with a cross-cable as
described above.
• With the HMI application, modify the TCP-IP settings of the T390 according to your
administrator's recommendations.
• Program the TCP/IP properties of your computer back to the original configuration
(connection to your local area network).
• Connect the T390 and the computer on the local area network with direct cables.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 14/208 e-terragridcomT390
• Adding a single address within the HMI dialog box (easy method)
Then right click anywhere in this windows. the button "Add New IP" should appear, click on
it, and fill the required fields:
If the PLC rejects any logon and you are able to ping its IP address properly, the equipment
may be protected by the security pack option. In this case, refer to the security pack chapter
for details.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 18/208 e-terragridcomT390
• Using the LAN2LAN module, for connecting 2 LANs across a PLC link
4. SECURITY PACK
The security pack is a feature which allows the user to protect the access to equipment
without the required privilege.
4.1 Overview
Security pack offers 3 levels:
• Record the administrator login/pwd somewhere: if you forget the password, you won’t
be able to connect to your equipment
5. ANNEXES
5.1 Uderstanding ip addressing
Every computer that communicates over the Internet is assigned an IP address that uniquely
identifies the device and distinguishes it from other computers on the Internet.
An IP address consists of 32 bits, often shown as 4 bytes ranging from 0 to 255 and
generally represented in decimal form instead of binary form.
For example, the IP address:
168.212.226.204
in binary form is:
10101000.11010100.11100010.11001100
But it is easier for everyone to remember decimal numbers than it is to remember binary
numbers. That's the reason why we use decimals to represent the IP address.
An IP address consists of two parts, one identifying the network and one identifying the node
or host. The Class of the address determines which part belongs to the network address and
which part belongs to the node address.
All nodes on a given network share the same network prefix but must have a unique host
number.
5.2 Classes
5.2.1 Class A network
Binary address start with 0, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 1 to 126.
The first byte identifies the network, and the remaining 24 bits indicate the host within the
network. An example of a Class A IP address is 102.168.212.226, where "102" identifies the
network and "168.212.226" identifies the host on that network.
5.2.2 Class B network
Binary addresses start with 10, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 128 to
191. (The number "127" is reserved for loopback and is used for internal testing on the local
machine.) The first two bytes identify the network and the remaining 16 bits indicate the host
within the network. An example of a Class B IP address is 168.212.226.204 where "168.212"
identifies the network and "226.204" identifies the host on that network.
5.2.3 Class C network
Binary addresses start with 110, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 192 to
223. The first 24 bits (the first three octets) identify the network and the remaining 8 bits
indicate the host within the network. An example of a Class C IP address is 200.168.212.226
where "200.168.212" identifies the network and "226" identifies the host on that network.
5.2.4 Class D network
Binary addresses start with 1110, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 224
to 239. Class D networks are used to support multicasting.
5.2.5 Class E network
Binary addresses start with 1111, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 240
to 255. Class E networks are used for experimentation. They have never been documented
or utilized in a standard way.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 22/208 e-terragridcomT390
• Simplified administration- With the help of routers networks can be broken up into
smaller subnets that can be managed more independently and efficiently.
• Isolation of network traffic - With the help of routers and subnetting, network traffic can
be kept to a minimum.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Connecting the HMI to T390
e-terragridcomT390 Page 23/208
Internet
Internetwork
Router
Subnet Subnet
Host Host
The diagram above illustrates how a sub-netted IP appears on an internal Intra-Net and the
Internet. The Internet only reads the NetId and the routers on the Internet are only
concerned with routing the IP packet to the Intra-Net external router. When the IP packet
reaches the external router, which has been configured for subnet routing reads the HostId.
The router then forwards the packet to appropriate subnet where it is delivered to the host.
Determining the Subnet Mask to Use:
The diagram below shows that when subnetting an IP address the Netid remains unchanged
but the Hostid is further sectioned or divided up.
Netid Hostid
. . . . 000 000 . . . . .
Subnet Host
Number Subnet Mask
Number
Boundary D0408ENa
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Connecting the HMI to T390
Page 24/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
NETWORKING ADVANCED
FEATURES
(LAN2LAN, SNMP)
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
LAN2LAN, SNMP
e-terragridcomT390 Page 27/208
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 29
1.1 Scope 29
1.2 References 29
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 30
2.1 Hardware configuration 30
2.1.1 Using cross cables 30
2.1.2 Using routers 30
2.2 Software configuration 30
3. LAN2LAN ACTIVATION 31
3.1 Overview 31
3.2 Permanent network channel 32
3.3 Full band network channel (Maintenance mode) 33
4. SNMP ACTIVATION 35
4.1 Overview 35
4.2 PLC Configuration 35
4.3 SNMP Management 36
4.4 MIB (Management Information Base) 36
4.5 SNMP architecture 37
4.6 SNMPc configuration 38
4.6.1 MIB copy 38
4.6.2 Launch SNMPc 38
4.6.3 MIB compil 38
4.6.4 New equipment 39
5. TROUBLESHOOTING 41
5.1 Problem while configuring the options 41
5.2 PLC locks or crashes when LAN2LAN is enabled 41
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
LAN2LAN, SNMP
Page 28/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the LAN2LAN configuration. The LAN2LAN option of the PLC
provides a full network access through the power line.
1.2 References
For more information, see related documents:
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
2.1 Hardware configuration
WARNING:
If the LAN2LAN option is activated, DO NOT CONNECT the PLC
equipment directly neither to a Local Ethernet nor to the internet.
A router properly configured should be used in order to filter
excessive traffic.
2.1.1 Using cross cables
Computer
Computer
D0563ENa
Computer
Computer
Computer
ETHERNET LAN
Printer
Computer
ETHERNET LAN
Router
Router
Internet
Router
Firewall Digital PLC Digital PLC
D0564ENa
3. LAN2LAN ACTIVATION
3.1 Overview
The Lan2Lan option can be used to:
A permanent network channel can be added in the band in order to be able to use the
LAN2LAN option at any time during system run.
This channel follows the same rules than Basic access channel. It can be enabled, locked if
bad line and set available or not during fallback.
For fallback mode, an additional feature allows to assign a different speed for the LAN
channel.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
LAN2LAN, SNMP
e-terragridcomT390 Page 33/208
4. SNMP ACTIVATION
4.1 Overview
The SNMP option can be used to supervise or monitor the PLC equipment, locally (in
analogue or digital mode functioning) or remotely through the LAN2LAN feature (digital
mode only)
The SNMP feature implements the polling mode through standard GET commands and also
the TRAP.
Up to 10 IP address could be configured to dispatch the Trap messages.
4.2 PLC Configuration
For polling mode, the activation of SNMP feature is enough (Tick the SNMP checkbox).
If the Trap should be generated, specify each server address in the SNMP configuration
TAB.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
LAN2LAN, SNMP
Page 36/208 e-terragridcomT390
D0672ENa
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
LAN2LAN, SNMP
Page 38/208 e-terragridcomT390
5. TROUBLESHOOTING
5.1 Problem while configuring the options
The above feature are key locked and should be unlocked prior usage.
Check first if the key are present in your system:
• goto to Help/About
• Click on “installed keys” button and check SNMP & LAN2LAN presence
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 47
1.1 Scope 47
1.2 References 47
2. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION 48
2.1 General Configuration 48
2.2 Tx filter 48
3. HMI CONFIGURATION 49
3.1 MASTER/SLAVE configuration 49
3.2 Internal Noise Measurement 49
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Adjacent Bands for 8+8kHz
Page 46/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the adjacent bands configuration. This configuration is helpful
when you have a single band available for Tx/Rx, and a separated band mode is preferred to
superimposed mode respect to SNR or recovery time best achievement.
The following paragraphs are pieces of advice to achieve the best performance for the
8+8kHz configuration (single band of 16kHz available).
This document does not apply for other adjacent modes such as 4+4kHz or teleprotection mode.
This document is aimed at anyone who has to set PLC equipment on line, that is to say:
• System integrators
• Field engineer
2. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
2.1 General Configuration
For better performance, a single 16kHz Tx filter shall be preferred. The filters must be
configured like for the superimposed mode:
In the adjacent mode configuration, the crosstalk between TX & RX board is a critical point.
That’s why a metallic plate has been inserted between boards to shield properly the various
electrical fields, especially the high level of emission of TX filter.
In case of unproper isolation, the reception filter will receive the whole field and you will not
be able to synchronize your systems even in the best line conditions.
2.2 Tx filter
The Tx filter will be tuned to include both reception and transmission bands.
The use of two different 8kHz transmission filers is prohibited because of the tapping loss,
which will exceed reasonable limits near the band center.
So it will be 16kHz wide like for the following scheme:
Tx filter
16kHz
3. HMI CONFIGURATION
3.1 MASTER/SLAVE configuration
The first step is the choice of the Master/Slave
The focus of attention must be the robustness of the maintenance channel. In order to
ensure the best availability, the fsk must be set at the edges of the band.
Therefore,
16kHz
FSK SL
FSK M
Noise measure channel
8kHz 8kHz
SLAVE Tx MASTER Tx
D0412ENa
• The MASTER will transmit in the upper part of the allocated band(from 192 to 200kHz)
• The SLAVE will transmit in the lower part of the allocated band (from 184 to 192kHz)
At the edges, the recommendation is to leave 8kHz interband for other digital PLC.
The way to connect PLCs in parallel and to reduce such interband are not discussed in this
document.
For an analog PLC, no interband is requested. The main reason is that the nominal level of
analog signal within the band is lower than digital PLC. QAM signals could be considered as
a blank noise at maximum power. Analog signals are few tones distributed within the band.
3.2 Internal Noise Measurement
Due to the proximity of QAM, and especially the lack of separate TX filters, the rejection of
signal is only entrusted to the Hybrid transformer (and related tuning).
For that reason, the internal SNR measure may be altered and seen lower than it should be.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Adjacent Bands for 8+8kHz
Page 50/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 55
1.1 Scope 55
1.2 References 55
2. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION 56
2.1 TX filter 56
3. HMI CONFIGURATION 57
3.1 MASTER/SLAVE configuration 57
3.2 Noise Measurement 57
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Adjacent Bands for 8+8kHz (QAM+TPX)
Page 54/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the adjacent band configuration. This configuration is helpful
when you have a single band available for TX/RX, and a separated band mode is preferred
to superimposed mode respect to SNR or recovery time best achievement.
The following paragraphs are pieces of advice to achieve the best performance for the
8+8kHz configuration (4kHz of DATA and 4kHz of analog band).
This document does not apply for other adjacent modes such as 4+4kHz.
This document is aimed at anyone who has to set T390 equipment on line, that is to say:
• System integrators
• Field engineer
2. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
2.1 TX filter
The TX filter will be tuned to include both reception and transmission bands.
The use of two different 8kHz transmission filers is prohibited because of the tapping loss,
which will exceed reasonable limits near the band center.
So it will be 16kHz wide like for the following scheme:
Tx filter
16kHz
3. HMI CONFIGURATION
3.1 MASTER/SLAVE configuration
The first step is the choice of the Master/Slave
The focus of attention must be the robustness of the maintenance channel. In order to
ensure the best availability, you must set the QAM far from each other to reduce the cross
talk in the data band.
Therefore,
16kHz
Noise measurement
Noise measurement
FSK SL
FSK M
channel
QAM QAM
channel
analog analog
band band
8kHz 8kHz
MASTER TX SLAVE TX
D0413ENa
• The MASTER will transmit in the lower part of the allocated band(from 184 to 192kHz)
• The SLAVE will transmit in the upper part of the allocated band (from 192 to 200kHz)
At the edges, the recommendation is to leave 8kHz interband for other digital PLC.
The way to connect PLCs in parallel and to reduce such interband is not discussed in this
document.
3.2 Noise Measurement
Due to the proximity of QAM, and especially the lack of separate TX filters, the rejection of
signal is only entrusted to the Hybrid transformer (and related tuning).
For that reason, the internal SNR measure may be altered and seen lower than it should be.
This effect is not critical for the operation of PLC but could have an impact for fallback
thresholds if SNR is used as a trigger for fallback condition.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Adjacent Bands for 8+8kHz (QAM+TPX)
Page 58/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
FILTERS SETTINGS
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 61/208
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 63
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
This document applies to all T390 amplifier products, including T390-AMP and T390-AMPX.
For previous T390 amplifier configuration please to refer directly to T390 user manual (PTC-
T390-E-TS-011)
The T390 transmission and reception filter can be tuned at any 100Hz step, between
24 kHz and 700 kHz, using the same straps of the closest standard transmission
channels reported on the electronic spreadsheet (excel format).
• TXF: “PTC-Tx9x-E-DEV-TXF-001.xls”
• RXF: “PTC-Tx9x-E-DEV-RXF-001.xls”
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Filters Settings
Page 64/208 e-terragridcomT390
• For 4 kHz and 5 kHz Bandwidth, the lower central frequency is 22 kHz (lower filter is
20 - 24 kHz for the 4 kHz BW and 20 - 25 kHz BW)
• For 8 kHz Bandwidth, the lower central frequency is 24 kHz (lower filter is 20 - 28 kHz)
• For 16 kHz Bandwidth, the lower central frequency is 48 kHz (lower filter is 40 -
56 kHz)
The real bandwidth of the filters and the tapping loss mask are depending on the position of
the central frequency between 22 and 700 kHz. They are summarized in the following table:
Fc is the central frequency and dF is the distance from the central frequency (up or down)
where the tapping loss becomes lower than 1.5 dB
4 / 5 kHz BW
Fc (kHz) Useful BW dF (kHz)
22 - 320 5 kHz 7.5
320 - 400 8 kHz 12
400 - 500 8 kHz 16
500 - 700 8 kHz 20
8 kHz BW
24 - 150 8 kHz 10
300 - 400 8 kHz 12
400 - 500 8 kHz 16
500 - 700 8 kHz 20
16 kHz BW
48 - 350 16 kHz 24
350 - 700 16 kHz 32
Note that for a given useful bandwidth, the in-band loss increases with the center frequency.
If the main concern is the output power, the useful bandwidth above should be preferred in
the upper part of the frequency range.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 65/208
First select the version of the board, TXFA. For a TXFA module, select the normal option if it
is aimed to be used alone or the Double Power option if the board is to be connected to an
AMPX module. Then choose the output impedance, which can be 50 to 150 Ω balanced or
unbalanced. The preferred selections are 75 Ω unbalanced or 150 Ω balanced modes.
Second step – Central frequency and bandwidth
Enter the central frequency and the bandwidth of the required filter. The spreadsheet will
automatically propose the best jumpers setting.
The minimum value of the central frequency depends on the bandwidth selected and must
be in the following range:
Set the jumpers and go to the following step: TXF filter tuning.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Filters Settings
Page 66/208 e-terragridcomT390
First select the version of the board, TXFB. If TXFB is selected, there are no other options.
Second step – Central frequency and bandwidth
Enter the central frequency and the bandwidth of the required filter. The spreadsheet will
automatically propose the best jumpers setting.
The minimum value of the central frequency depends on the bandwidth selected and must
be in the following range:
Set the jumpers and go to the following step: TXFB filter tuning.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 67/208
Tracking Generator
75 ohms
TG
Analyser
75 ohms
LM
D0565ENa
Send a test tone at the central frequency of the filter Fc, and then adjust the two coils for the
minimum signal loss. Send tones at the frequencies Fc ± BandWidth/2 try to reach the best
symmetry on the edges of the band. Verify that the filter loss matches the value on the table
below. Note that the value of the admitted loss depends on the position of the T390 in the
20-700 kHz band and on the bandwidth of the filter.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Filters Settings
Page 68/208 e-terragridcomT390
Check that the filter frequency response matches the mask on the figure below. In these
figures, CL is the measured value of the loss at the center frequency Fc performed in
previous step.
Level (dB)
Fc
F (kHz)
CL
CL+A1
B1 B1
CL+A2
B2 B2
CL+A3
B3 B3
D0673ENa
The parameters of the frequency response mask are given in the table below:
Tip: the two coils L1 and L2 have theoretically the same self-inductance value. To avoid long
blindly search for the good filter response, the first step is to screw on (clockwise) the
adjusting screws of the coils until blocking. To perform the adjustment, try then to screw on
or off the two tuning screws alternately with the same number of turns.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 69/208
Tracking Generator
75 ohms
Analyser
75 ohms
D0567ENa
Enter the central frequency and the bandwidth of the required filter. The spreadsheet will
automatically propose the best jumpers setting.
The central frequency range allowed depends on the bandwidth selected and must be the
following:
The 2.5 kHz bandwidth filters are used to cover the 2.5 kHz reception band in TX/RX 2.5 kHz
adjacent configuration. Above 320 kHz, or for double channel in the 2.5 kHz mode, use the
5 kHz filters.
Set the jumpers in accordance with the spread sheet then go to the next step.
Set the first attenuator jumpers in the following position: JP2 CLOSED - JP6 OPEN
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 71/208
Tracking Generator
75 ohms L1
TG
L3
Analyser L2
75 ohms
LM
D0568ENa
With the signal generator, send a tone at the central frequency Fc of the filter. Set the
selective voltmeter on this frequency, with a measurement bandwidth < 30 Hz. Then follow
the steps of the procedure below.
• Then, adjust alternatively L1 and L2 to obtain the minimum attenuation on Fc. At each
step, it is recommended to find the maximum level. Verify that the final loss matches
the values of the following table (Note that the value of the admitted loss depends on
the position of the T390 in the 40-500 kHz band, and on the bandwidth selected).
• Next, taking the loss at Fc for reference, verify the value of the attenuation in the
passband of the filter. If necessary, adjust slightly L1 and L2.
• With the same reference, verify the value at the limit frequencies:
− Fc ± 8 kHz for 16 kHz bandwidth
− Fc ± 4 kHz for 8 and 4 kHz bandwidth (4 kHz BW for Fc > 375 kHz)
− Fc ± 2 kHz for 4 kHz bandwidth (4 kHz BW for Fc ≤ 375 kHz)
− Fc ± 1.25 kHz for 2.5 kHz bandwidth (For Fc ≤ 320 kHz)
• These values must be symmetrical. If it is not the case, adjust very slightly the L3 coil
to restore the balance.
• If the L3 coil has been adjusted in the previous step, verify the loss on Fc. If
necessary, adjust very slightly the L1 and L2 coil to find back the minimum loss.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Filters Settings
e-terragridcomT390 Page 73/208
The adjustments must be done in a very precise way. It is recommended two use a small
plastic screwdriver and to be very meticulous. Verify that the filter frequency response
matches the masks on figure 4 below. In the following figure, CL is the measured value of
the loss at the center frequency Fc performed in previous step.
Level (dB)
Fc
F (kHz)
CL
CL+A1
B1 B1
CL+A2
B2 B2
CL+A3
B3 B3
The parameters of the frequency response mask are given in the table below:
Tip: the two coils L1 and L2 have theoretically the same self-inductance value, while L3 is
the double of L1 and L2. To avoid long blindly search for the good filter response, the first
step is to screw on (clockwise) all the adjusting screws of the coils until blocking. Then begin
with the search of a maximum level with L3 and after; adjust L1 and L2 trying then to screw
on or off both of them alternately with the same number of turns.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Filters Settings
Page 74/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
FIRMWARE UPGRADE
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Firmware Upgrade
e-terragridcomT390 Page 77/208
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 79
1.1 Scope 79
1.2 References 79
3. FIRMWARE UPGRADE/UPDATE 83
3.1 Objective 83
3.1.1 Passwords & permissions 83
3.2 Upgrading a new T390 83
3.2.1 General procedure 83
3.2.2 Kernel upgrade 84
3.2.3 Applicative upgrade 85
3.2.4 MSU,VSU and TIO boards upgrade 86
3.3 Replacing a unit (spare) 87
5. APPENDIX 90
5.1 HMI: Firmware window description 90
5.2 General procedure to upgrade an unit 92
5.2.1 MSU 92
5.2.2 VSU 92
5.2.3 Tio board 92
5.2.4 Kernel image 92
5.2.5 Applicatives 92
5.3 Specific procedure to upgrade an unit from release 6.0 to release 6.1 92
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Firmware Upgrade
Page 78/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the T390 firmware upgrade that could occur during several
situations as commissioning or system replacement.
3. FIRMWARE UPGRADE/UPDATE
3.1 Objective
The objective of this chapter is to describe how to proceed to load a new bundle on the
equipment (update or upgrade of the Firmware).
Partial update may cause the system to fail or to not work properly
3.1.1 Passwords & permissions
In order to be able to upgrade a system, you must have the level3 privilege. Contact your
responsible to get the right login level.
All scripts are also protected by a distinct password. All passwords regarding your purchased
firmware & options, are given in a sheet called « Firmware property certificate ». This
certificate, shipped with the CDROM, grants you the right to install and use the related
package on one system.
3.2 Upgrading a new T390
3.2.1 General procedure
To upgrade the equipment to a newer product release, please follow the procedure:
1 - KERNEL UPGRADE
2 - PLC REBOOT
3 - APPLICATIVE UPGRADE
4 - PLC REBOOT
5 - MSU UPGRADE
D0427ENb
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Firmware Upgrade
Page 84/208 e-terragridcomT390
5 - REBOOT
D0430ENa
Take care to maintain the same product release and firmware option
on the entire system. A non-homogeneity may be not detected by the
HMI and causes some crash of the system.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Firmware Upgrade
Page 88/208 e-terragridcomT390
D0431ENa
5. APPENDIX
5.1 HMI: Firmware window description
9. XILINX AREA (and DSP): list of the xilinx and DSP files used by the selected unit:
Name: name of the xilinx file
Real size: size of the file before compression
Comp size: size of the file after compression
Comp: type of compression used for the file
CRC: cyclic redundancy code of the file
Info: type of file (XILINX or DSP)
Start: tells if the file is set to be programmed at T390 startup
Loaded: tells if the file is currently running on the T390
Flashing date: date corresponding to the file download on the T390
NOTE: the xilinx area can be reset and all files erased by clicking on the
“Erase button”
10. PROGRAM AREA: list of the PowerPC files used by the selected unit:
Name: name of the file
Real size: size of the file before compression
Comp size: size of the file after compression
Comp: type of compression used for the file
CRC: cyclic redundancy code of the file
Start: tells if the file is set to be programmed at T390 startup
Flashing date: date corresponding to the file download on the T390
NOTE: The program area can be reset and all files erased by clicking on the
“Erase button”
11. USER PARAMETERS AREA: list of the unit parameters. These parameters are
changed by using the HMI Firmware Configuration window and are described in the
T390 Technical Notes.
NOTE: The program area can be reset and all files erased by clicking on the
“Erase button”
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Firmware Upgrade
Page 92/208 e-terragridcomT390
5.3 Specific procedure to upgrade an unit from release 6.0 to release 6.1
In the case of upgrade from 6.0 to 6.1, it is not useful to upgrade MSU. Only TIO, VSU,
kernels and applicatives have to be upgraded.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
SPEECH INTERFACE
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Speech Interface
e-terragridcomT390 Page 95/208
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 97
1.1 Scope 97
1.2 Caution 97
1.3 References 98
1.4 Analog vs digital mode 98
4. APPLICATIONS 101
4.1 Standard 2W phone 101
4.2 Transit between two PLC 101
4.3 Transit of PABX 102
4.4 FXO/FXS Mode 103
4.4.1 Subscriber 103
4.4.2 Office 103
T390/EN AP/B22 Application Note
Speech Interface
Page 96/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the speech interface.
It gives an exhaustive description of how to link the Speech connectors to the various device.
It does not describe the IHM configuration of the equipment.
This document is mainly at anyone who has to set PLC equipment on line, that is to say:
• System integrators
• Field engineer
DIGITAL MODE
As the signal is compressed and digitally transmitted, it is impossible to
transmit a single tone through the speech interface in the digital Mode.
A test of the speech interface can only be performed emitting a complex signal
like the voice and checking that this signal can be received on the remote side
of the link
For the same reason it is impossible to connect a modem to a speech interface
functioning in digital mode
ANALOGUE MODE
No restriction in this configuration, the speech channels operate as
transparent BF/BF channels
Explanations for digital mode
This interface uses a hybrid vocoder that analyse the stream and compress it. The algorithm
is based on voice recognition, and is suited only for that purpose.
Alternate Test methods for digital mode
You could use empiric method such as plugging normal telephone handset and check the
channel and the quality through your ear.
If you need an objective method, use standard MOS measurement equipments/instruments
that are able to measure the gain, quality, distortion, etc of that kind of channel.
T390/EN AP/B22 Application Note
Speech Interface
Page 98/208 e-terragridcomT390
1.3 References
For more informations, see related documents:
1 4
Telephone
D0433ENa
T390/EN AP/B22 Application Note
Speech Interface
Page 100/208 e-terragridcomT390
1 8
4. APPLICATIONS
4.1 Standard 2W phone
In the Hot line mode, the standard phone to phone speech only use the a,b wires
The wiring between the PLC and the device for speech 2 and speech3 will be on pin 4/5
6
Telephone
7
D0434ENa
PBX
Telephone
PBX PBX
PLC PLC
Telephone
D0435ENa
FIGURE 4-4: WIRING SCHEME FOR SPEECH 1/2/3 IN PBX TRANSIT CASE
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Speech Interface
e-terragridcomT390 Page 103/208
6
Telephone
7
D0434ENa
1 w
2 x
3 m
4 e
5 a
6 b
7 c
PBX
8 d
T390 PBX
POINT TO MULTIPOINT
(PTM) CONFIGURATION
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Point to Multipoint (PTM) Configuration
e-terragridcomT390 Page 107/208
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 109
4. PERFORMANCE 118
LIST OF FIGURES
MODIFICATIONS
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the Point to Multipoint (PTM) service of the PLC T390 system, and
sets out the necessary steps for its configuration.
The overview introduces the basic concepts of Point to Multipoint and outlines the available
features. The section layout thereafter reflects the configuration options from which the user
can choose: specifically an all analog, all digital, or mixed mode configuration. Finally, there
is a discussion of the possible topology choices that are inherent in configuration of PTM.
NOTE: Use of the terms analog, digital, and mixed mode in this document
refers exclusively to their meaning in the context of PTM.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Point to Multipoint (PTM) Configuration
Page 110/208 e-terragridcomT390
In the Point to Multipoint system shown in Figure 2, the SCADA system can reach both
attached devices, i.e. RTU1 and RTU3. There are several points to note about PTM:
• At any point where two PLC links are connected, as in Substation 2 (SS2) in Figure 2,
the two T390 systems are connected back-to-back, using a “straight-through” RS-232
cable of maximum length 15m.
• For an RTU to be accessible to the SCADA system, the T390 system to which it is
attached must be designated a Multi.
• Other T390 systems that simply form links in the chain, and operate only as “pass-
through” devices, must be designated Single.
• Several T390 systems in the single “chain” from SCADA to target RTU may be
designated Master.
2.1 Operating mode
The choice of operating mode for PTM depends on which transmission modes are supported
by the T390 system, as well as on the operational needs of the PLC link.
2.1.1 Analog mode
Analog Point to Multipoint support is included in the standard system, and the latest PTM
versions show a marked improvement in transfer speeds, compared with earlier releases.
The standard T390 system is supplied with KEY-ANALOG-4KHZ installed, which enables
4kHz or 8kHz bandwidth analog communication. Support for 2.5kHz analog bandwidth is
enabled by the purchase and installation of KEY-ANALOG-2.5KHZ.
2.1.2 Digital Mode
Digital Point to Multipoint support becomes available on a digital-enabled T390 system after
purchase and installation of KEY-PTM. Digital operating mode for a T390 system is enabled
by the purchase and installation of KEY-DIGITAL.
2.1.3 Mixed Mode
Mixed mode PTM, allowing mixed Analog and Digital mode links, is illustrated in Figure 3:
3. SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION
This section describes the configuration procedure for PTM, in analog and digital modes.
Check the firmware before starting the configuration to make sure that the installed firmware
is version 4.1 or higher. If necessary, carry out a firmware upgrade, as described in the
Firmware and Key Upgrade chapter of the Application Note, T390/EN AP.
3.1 Analog Mode
• None: Only Point to Point (PTP) communication on this channel (local devices only)
• Multi: Point to Multipoint (PTM) communication, includes local and remote RTUs.
• Single: PTM communication with remote RTUs only. This is a “pass-through” mode.
Note that PTM channels are assigned as adjacent pairs, with the following implications:
• The Splitting mode pull-down box only appears on the Channel Activation panels for
MTU1 and MTU3
• If Splitting mode|Single is selected for MTU1 or MTU3, then either MTU2 or MTU4,
respectively, is grayed out (i.e. is unavailable).
• With Splitting mode|Multi selected for MTU1 or MTU3, the relevant RTU will be
connected to MTU2 or MTU4, respectively.
Channel speed panel
Select channel speed from the pull-down list. The options (bit/s) are 200, 300, 600 and 1200.
Show/Hide Analog Band
Click SHOW ANALOG BAND to display the current analog bandwidth settings in the panel
at the foot of the Configuration Window.
In Figure 7, PTM mode Multi is selected in the MTU1 pane, and therefore MTU2 has
automatically been enabled. The band selected for MTU1 is displayed in the SHOW
ANALOG BAND panel. If the same band, or a narrower band, is selected for MTU2, the
band display in the MTU2 pane is the same as for MTU1, as can be seen in Figure 8.
If the band selected for MTU2 is wider than that for the Multi, MTU1 in the example, then this
is visible in the Analog band display on the MTU2 pane, as illustrated in Figure 9:
• None: Only Point to Point (PTP) communication on this channel (local devices only)
• Single: PTM communication with remote RTUs only. This is a “pass-through” mode.
Note that PTM channels are assigned as adjacent pairs, with the following implications:
• The Splitting mode pull-down box only appears on the Channel Activation panels for
Data1 and Data3.
• If Splitting mode|Single is selected for Data1 or Data3, then either Data2 or Data4,
respectively, is grayed out (i.e. is unavailable).
• With Splitting mode|Multi selected for Data1 or Data3, the relevant RTU will be
connected to Data2 or Data4, respectively.
Channel speed panel
Select the channel speed (default 2400 bits/s) from the pull-down list. Note that the same
speed must be set at both ends of the connection. The available speeds, in bits/s, are 200,
300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 38400.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Point to Multipoint (PTM) Configuration
Page 118/208 e-terragridcomT390
4. PERFORMANCE
The following table lists the minimum round-trip transfer time for each speed available in
Analog and Digital modes.
Analog Digital
200 b/s 53 39
300 b/s 37 30
600 b/s 24 28
1200 b/s 23 28
2400 b/s 24
4800 b/s 19
9600 b/s 19
14400 b/s 19
19200 b/s 17
28800 b/s 16
38400 b/s 16
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
CONTENTS
1. PRESENTATION 123
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. PRESENTATION
This document is a guide to retrieve data and information in case of technical problem with
the T390 equipment.
These data will be valuable for the assistance engineer to focus and repair the problem. It
must join an exhaustive description of the issue
This document is aimed to any final user
We can distinguish two types
• Ready to work but the system does not synchronise or the connection performance
are irregular
In case the first step must be performed.
If the performance is unsatisfactory, a focus must be made on the second point
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Data Retrieving for Assistance
Page 124/208 e-terragridcomT390
• After powering on the units, all the Leds of all the units will be ON during about 5
seconds, then they will all be OFF during 2 seconds.
• Then the red Leds "Internal Error" of the units will blink quickly until all the units have
been recognized.
• Then the "Internal errors" Leds will go OFF, and the "System OK" green Leds on all
the units will be ON (fix).
• The green Led indicating the Power on the amplifier unit is now ON (fix) [1/4 or 1/2 or
Full]. The led is blinking if the PeP limiter is not 100% in the configuration.
• The green Led Mode / Normal is now blinking fast on the PRCS unit.
Step 2: Amplifier synchronization
First, the "Line Fault" unit Led (Red) is ON (fix), and the "SNR Alarm" Led (Yellow) is blinking
slowly, then:
• The Line Fault Led must switch OFF (SNR Alarm always blinking)
• The SNR Alarm must go OFF after a variable delay (up to 15 seconds)
The amplifier is synchronized, and the AGC has reached a good level
Step 3: TDM synchronization
During this phase, the green Led "Mode / Normal" on the PRCS unit is always blinking fast.
When it stops blinking and go to a fix green, the equipment is fully synchronized.
2.2 Synchronization state
On AMP unit:
LED State
System OK Fix Green
TX power / (1/4 or 1/2 or Full) Fix Green
Power Supply / Logic Fix Green
Power Supply / Power Fix green
All others Off
On PRCS unit:
LED State
System OK Fix Green
Mode / Normal Fix Green
Power Supply / Main Fix Green
All others Off
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Data Retrieving for Assistance
e-terragridcomT390 Page 125/208
• After powering on the units, all the Leds of all the units will be ON during about 5
seconds, then they will all be OFF during 2 seconds.
• Then the red Leds "Internal Error" of the units will blink quickly until all the units have
been recognized.
• Then the "Internal errors" Leds will go OFF, and the "System OK" green Leds on all
the units will be ON (fix).
• The green Led indicating the Power on the amplifier unit is now ON (fix) [1/4 or 1/2 or
Full]. The led is blinking if the PeP limiter is not 100% in the configuration.
• The green Led Mode / Serv Local is now blinking fast on the PRCS unit.
Step 2: Amplifier synchronization
First, the "Line Fault" unit Led (Red) is ON (fix), and the "SNR Alarm" Led (Yellow) is blinking
slowly, then:
• The Line Fault Led must switch OFF (SNR Alarm always blinking)
• The SNR Alarm must go OFF after a variable delay (up to 15 seconds)
The amplifier is synchronized, and the AGC has reached a good level
Step 3: TDM synchronization
During this phase, the green Led "Mode / Serv Local" on the PRCS unit is always blinking
fast.
When it stops blinking and go to a fix green, the equipment is fully synchronized.
2.4 Synchronization state
On AMP unit:
LED State
System OK Fix Green
TX power / (1/4 or 1/2 or Full) Fix Green
Power Supply / Logic Fix Green
Power Supply / Power Fix green
All others Off
On PRCS unit:
LED State
System OK Fix Green
Mode / Normal Fix Green
Power Supply / Main Fix Green
All others Off
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Data Retrieving for Assistance
Page 126/208 e-terragridcomT390
LED status
• If your equipment is not in the configuration we described above, fill the document:
Amplifier Unit
Processing Unit
Logs of Events
1. If possible, connect to the system through the IHM and check the status in the
Measurment window/System Diagnosis
Save it in a file called
“T390-Name_of_the_Link-D-SytemDiagnosis”
Name_of_the_link is an indication of the system (for instance, the station location)
D is M if the system is Master, S if the system is slave
2. Go the History Logging window int the PLC menu
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Data Retrieving for Assistance
Page 128/208 e-terragridcomT390
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 135
1.1 Standards - Norms 135
1.2 Links 136
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
This document is focused to the T390 equipment, but covers also related equipments that
could be connected to, such as DIP teleprotection equipment, modems, protocols or
interface converters.
The T390 is a full range of products designed to cover the power utilities needs. The
complete project is suitable for conventional analog transmission & services as well as new
digital services as noted in the Cigré PLC report:
“Digital Power Line Carrier/WG 35.09/ August 2000”.
This document aims at giving some rules and guidelines to install properly T390 equipment
within a substation
Equipments covered by this document:
• T390
• Alstom LMU
• DIP
• Alstom OCM
Name Comments
IEC 60495 1993 edition
IEC 60834-1 Edition 2.0 (1999-10)
Cigré report Digital Power Line Carrier/WG 35.09/ August 2000
IEC 60663 Manual for planning of (SSB) PLC systems: Part 1 PLC systems
(1980)
IEC TS 61000-6-5 Generic standards - immunity for power station and substation
environments
EN60950-1 Demonstrating compliance with the European Low Voltage Directive
EN60255-27 Demonstrating compliance with the European Low Voltage Directive
IEC ou EN 61000-6-4 Generic standards - Emission standard for industrial environments
EN 55011 limits of conducted radio disturbance
EN 55022 limits of radiated radio disturbance
UIT-T (V,X)
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Installation User Guide
Page 136/208 e-terragridcomT390
1.2 Links
For more information, see related documents:
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the
contents of the safety section, the technical data section and the ratings on the
equipment rating label.
For all other equipments placed within the cubicle, such as Teleprotection, modems, the Star
supply scheme should be used for connection.
Use a separate circuit breaker to protect each system. In general application we will have:
• The protection devices placed closed to the arrival of cable (at the input of the cabinet)
• A solid copper bar to minimize the ground impedance at each point within the cabinet
and ensure that all equipment is at the same potential
• Equipment shall be connected to a 3 wire circuit breaker (+bat, -bat and protective
[earth] conductor)
• Each T390 unit shall be connected to the protective (earth) bar using a large cross
section braid. This shall be securely connected to the protective (earth) conductor
terminal (PCT) using an M4 screw and flat washer. The PCT is marked on the rear of
the T390 with the symbol:
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Installation User Guide
Page 138/208 e-terragridcomT390
• A split ferrite sleeve, with snap fit plastic case should be fitted around the power
supply cable(s), either at the cable entry or between the input terminal and the circuit
breaker. This is to ensure that the EMC design requirements are maintained.
Cubicle
T390
Ground
AMPLIFIER
UNIT From circuit
Coax Bat
breaker
10A/127Vdc
T390 To circuit
SRV breakers
UNIT
P rotection
services
devices
User
-
+
Cubicle Ground
In case of use of additional AMPX amplifier for 80W we recommend to 2U spacing with the
main amplifier
Amplifier radiator being on the left side ( front view ) it is recommended to put the more
cooling on this side and like insure an air flow in the cabinet
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Installation User Guide
Page 140/208 e-terragridcomT390
3. WIRING INSTRUCTIONS
3.1 General principle for Telecom room wiring
Use only shielded & closed cabinet for all telecom equipments, and use separate power
supply wires for each cabinet in the room.
Use large section cable for power supply connection to ensure all equipment is at the same
potential. If necessary, double or triple the power supply cable between the battery charger
and each cabinet.
Use large copper braid for all ground connection.
Connections should be kept as short as possible.
Create distinct conduits for each kind of signal level & frequencies. For instance, use
separate conduit for:
• Conduit 2: RF line
Copper bar
PLC
Unit
Terminal Block
Station
Ground Grid
Ground connections:
By Wire 16 mm²
or copper braid < 30 cm
D0087ENa
We highly recommend using a LMU coupling box with the T390 PLC equipments.
We recommend a phase to phase connection whenever is possible.
3.5 Protection & galvanic isolation
Except the RF line, already discussed, the various connections to the PLC should follow the
following rules:
• All connection inside the T390 cabinet are direct (without isolation) through shielded
cables
• All connection within the telecom room should be properly shielded, made as short as
possible, put far away from other kind of signal to avoid crosstalk or disturbance
(power cables, HF, high voltage cables, etc)
• All connection that exit the telecom room should distinctly studied and additional rules
applied:
⇒ Care about the voltage reference or each side, especially if different batteries are
used
INSTALLATION CHECK
GUIDE
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Installation Check Guide
e-terragridcomT390 Page 145/208
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 147
1.1 Scope 147
1.2 References 147
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Scope
This document is a quick start guide for the T390 installation. It is useful to get the best
performances of your system.
This document is aimed at anyone who has to set T390 equipment, that is to say:
• System integrators
• Field engineer
This document is valid for the T390 products.
1.2 References
For more informations, see related documents:
2. GENERAL SCHEME
The following diagram is an overview of all the steps to perform for a complete T390 setting.
Every step is detailed below. Check the validity of the step before going to the next one
START
EQUIPMENT
RECEPTION
HARDWARE
MOUNTING
CONNECTION
AMPLIFIER
SETTING
LINE
SETTINGS
TP/ANALOG
CHANNEL
SERVICES
NEWORK
SERVICES
CHECK LIST
D0468ENa
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Installation Check Guide
e-terragridcomT390 Page 149/208
3. SETTING STEPS
1 SYSTEM RECEPTION
START
D0469ENa
2 HARDWARE MOUNTING
HARDWARE
2. SYSTEM INSTALLATION: The wiring for
MOUNTING SYSTEM power supply, Line , LVDS cable are
INSTALLATION
described in the chapter T390/EN OS.
LVDS cable can be connected/disconnected
only when the equipment is switched
STEP OK?
CONNECTION off.
3 CONNECTION
STEP OK?
If you only detect one rack at the connection,
check the coherency of the system and the
software release.
D0471ENa
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Installation Check Guide
Page 150/208 e-terragridcomT390
4 AMPLIFIER SETTING
CONNECTION
1. IHM CONFIGURATION: configure ONLY
IHM configuration the amplifier rack, in order to set the
frequencies (TX, RX) and the transmission
power. Uncheck the option Enable Amplifier
in the Misc and alarm tab
AMPLIFIER
SETTING Filter configuration 2. FILTER CONFIGURATION: Use a level
generator with a selective meter or a
spectral analyzer adapted to 75Ω to
measure the response.
D0472ENa
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Installation Check Guide
e-terragridcomT390 Page 151/208
5 LINE SETTINGS
1. IN LINE TX POWER: The global Tx power
level must be adjusted to the desired value.
With a selective voltmeter, measure the level
of the FSK directly at the output of the
amplifier (if necessary, use an attenuator),
AMPLIFIER
SETTING
Tx power the FSK level is , by default, 22dB under the
PEP. Adjust the level (HF ADJUST) to get
the right value.
2. FREQUENCY PRECISION: In the
Frequency maintenance tool, go to OFFLINE
precision MAINTENANCE and send a tone a 0Hz, -
20dB. It will be emitted at the center of the
band. Check the frequency precision with
the selective voltmeter and correct the
Hybrid
rejection
emission frequency in the configuration
window if necessary. Keep the tone for the
LINE
SETTINGS next step
3. HYBRID REJECTION: connect the
Hybrid selective voltmeter to the test point of the
attenuation hybrid board in the amplifier unit- and tune
the hybrid to get the minimum reinjection
(see T390_EN_AM for details).
6 ANALOG CHANNEL
LINE
SETTINGS
HMI
CONFIGURATION
If you do not have any analog band, go directly
to the next step
The main guideline for this step is TS-018 app
TP/ANALOG
Teleprotection/
note
CHANNEL
Analog device 1. HMI CONFIGURATION: enable the analog
aligning channel on the T390 HMI, check the band
allocation
2. ANALOG DEVICE: configure the device to
get the desired levels on R.F. and on A.F.
SERVICES
band
STEP OK?
D0474ENa
7 DIGITAL CHANNEL
D0475ENa
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Installation Check Guide
e-terragridcomT390 Page 153/208
8 NETWORK SERVICES
SERVICES
D0476ENa
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Installation Check Guide
Page 154/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
MANUAL FOR
SUPERIMPOSED MODE
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Manual for Superimposed Mode
e-terragridcomT390 Page 157/208
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 159
1.1 Scope 159
1.2 Links 159
3. PRECAUTIONS 162
3.1 Line adaptation 162
3.2 AGC dynamic 162
3.3 Line attenuation 162
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
1.1 Scope
This document handles about the Superimposed Mode. This configuration is helpful when
you have a single band available for TX/RX.
The following paragraphs are pieces of advice to make the decision between the separated
mode and the superimposed mode.
This document gives some precautions about the use of superimposed mode
It also presents some installation rules in order to get the best performance on line.
This document is aimed at anyone who has to set T390 equipment on line, that is to say:
• The encoder
A simple formula to calculate the available bitrate in function of these criteria is
B = 0 .8 × BW × K
With Bw the QAM bandwidth in Hz
K function of the encoder: 2 for QAM4
4 for QAM16 and TCM32
6 for QAM64 and TCM128
8 for QAM256
10 for QAM1024
For instance, for 16 kHz of QAM64, the gross bit rate is B=0.8x16000x6=76800 bit/s
Thus, for the same encoder, see next figure, the superimposed mode saves half the band to
reach the same bit rate
SUPERIMPOSED SEPARATED
MODE MODE
INTERBAND
RX
TX RX TX
BW BW BW
D0477ENa
• The reception gets the whole signal. The transmission signal is more likely to be
higher than the reception signal, which means that the AGC reference will be the Tx.
The reception signal dynamic will be lower than in separated mode.
• The synchronisation is sequential for the superimposed mode. The system trains first
one side and after the other side. Furthermore, an training of the echo canceller is
necessary.
In separated mode, the training is contemporary for both sides.
For these reasons the synchronisation time is far quicker in separated mode (60s
against 100s)
• The resynchronisation time is also different in both cases. The quick resynchronisation
is really fast in separated mode(less than 1s). In superimposed mode, a readaption of
the echo canceller is necessary, which implies a longer delay for resynchronisation
(near 8s)
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Manual for Superimposed Mode
e-terragridcomT390 Page 161/208
• The performance depends directly on the capacity for the Echo canceller to cancel the
own transmission. Obviously, the Line attenuation influence will be really critical:
For a 40dB cancellation, the disturbing due to the own transmission will imply a SNR
of
20dB for a line Attenuation of 20dB
30dB for a line Attenuation of 10dB
The good adaptation to the line is also a really important factor for the echo cancellation.
Some simple rules can be deduced from all these considerations:
1. If there is no band occupation issue, the separated mode must be preferred
2. In good conditions, the performances (SNR Vs BER) are equals in separated mode
and in superimposed mode but the bandwidth is halved
3. In case of disturbing (line changes, spikes), the resynchronisation is faster in
separated mode
4. In bad conditions, like an high line attenuation or a bad adaptation, the superimposed
mode is not indicated.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Manual for Superimposed Mode
Page 162/208 e-terragridcomT390
3. PRECAUTIONS
Two major precautions must be taken before deciding to set a PLC on line in superimposed
mode:
3.1 Line adaptation
The use of the system implies a tuning of the Hybrid transformer. The tuning consists in
adapting the transmission to the line conditions (impedance, capacity). In case of poor line,
especially for the short line, the impedance is too tough and too varying to reach a good
tuning. The rejection of the transmission into the reception is very high and the system is not
able of synchronising.
In a simple way,
4. ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Most of the cases, the performance in separated mode and in superimposed mode are
similar but two features are affected.
4.1 Fallback
The fallback mode is an optional feature that allows a encoder switching in case of episodic
bad line. The performance criterion is the switching time.
In superimposed mode as in separate mode, the switching time is less than 15s.
4.2 Teleprotection
In teleprotection mode, during a command emission, the QAM is turned off in order to get the
maximum power for the command transmission signal.
The recovery time is quite short in separated mode as in separate mode, about a few
seconds.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Manual for Superimposed Mode
Page 164/208 e-terragridcomT390
For the other power choice, an interpolation of this table values gives a good estimation of
the attenuator best value
5.2 Rejection Capacity
As said above, the rejection attenuation is a really critical factor to get the best performance.
To reach this scope, it is really important to tune the Hybrid transformer to the line
conditions.
The recommendations are
1. Measure the rejection at the center of the QAM band
2. Adapt the line capacity by moving the capacitors jumpers (see T390/EN AM for
details)
3. Adapt the varistor to get the best rejection
The difference between the transmitted signal level measured at the output of the system
(balanced output or unbalanced output) should be minimum of 20dB
If the rejection is lower than 20dB, it could jeopardise the system synchronisation.
DIP CONNECTION
TO T390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
DIP Connection to PLC
e-terragridcomT390 Page 167/208
CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD 169
5. ANNEXES 182
5.1 Physical units 182
5.1.1 Definition 182
5.1.2 Conversion formulas 182
5.1.2.1 Voltage 182
5.1.2.2 Power 182
5.1.2.3 Power-Voltage conversion 182
5.2 Standard TPHF levels table configuration 183
5.3 How to compute the max power output of DIP 184
5.3.1 Single tone case 184
5.3.2 Dual tone case 184
5.4 Why using the « boost » option and how 184
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
DIP Connection to PLC l
Page 168/208 e-terragridcomT390
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. FOREWORD
The T390 is a full range of products designed to cover the power utilities needs. The
complete project is suitable for conventional analog transmission & services as well as new
digital services as noted in the Cigré PLC report:
“Digital Power Line Carrier/WG 35.09/ August 2000”.
This document aims at giving some rules and guidelines to install properly a DIP
teleprotection equipment to a T390 system with a substation.
The DIP equipment shall be configured obviously in analog mode to be connected properly
to the PLC equipment.
The document covers the hardware wiring scheme and the firmware general configuration.
For special application types, see the suited application note.
For more information, see related documents:
• TPX Error: This alarm is triggered when the PLC is not operational.
• AGC High level Rx: The alarm is triggered when the AGC level get over the High
Threshold
• AGC Low level Rx: The alarm is triggered when the AGC level goes over the low
Threshold
In this case, the AGC threshold must be tuned properly, once the PLC is synchronised.
The recommendation is NOMINAL LEVEL +15dB for High Threshold
NOMINAL LEVEL –15dB for low level
Optionally, we may add the following PLC alarms:
• Line Fault: This alarm is triggered when the remote FSK is lost.
Use the dedicated alarm output to check the alarm state.
The firmware settings are depicted here after.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
DIP Connection to PLC
e-terragridcomT390 Page 173/208
4.1.2.2 Alive
The Alive signal from the DIP is a flag that automatically is switched ON as soon as the DIP
device is alive, even if the link is not operating correctly.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
DIP Connection to PLC
e-terragridcomT390 Page 175/208
• The safety presence must absolutely be activated so that the PLC can react in case
of DIP Hardware failure
− Guard level: The guard level is –6dBm on the PLC input/output (TP interface on
P4). Tune the guard level to match this value. The Guard BAR displays the RF
level of the guard.
− Command level: The command level must make use of the maximum power of the
PLC. For this reason, the combination of the Max TP output level with the boost
mode must get the PEP on the RF command level Bar in output. In this case
2dB is the maximum authorized for 40w configuration.
• The following Output Gain must be set to get the same level at the input and output,
the example shows one frequency at -9dBm in AF (Audio Frequency=low frequency
level) is corresponding to 23dBm at the RF (Radio frequency=High frequency
level)to get it at -9dBm set the “Output Gain” on +12.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
DIP Connection to PLC l
Page 176/208 e-terragridcomT390
FIGURE 5: ADJUSTMENTS
• “Internal Guard”, possibility to use TP in mute mode, in that case the teleprotection
must base its guard on the frequency of signalling of the speech configured on band 1.
• The “Max TP Output Level” and “RF Level” sliders are only for simulation levels.
4.2.2.3 Reception
The “Automatic Adjust” must be performed to match with “Output Gain” 12 Db.
In this example -6,39dBm is corresponding to 0dBr reception level and PLC will be
transparent.
4.2.2.7 Reception
The reception bandwidth must be set equal to the transmission bandwidth.
The guard signal is equal to the output of the PLC, either –22dBm.
The command Vs guard ratio must be tuned to the maximum: 6dB
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
DIP Connection to PLC l
Page 182/208 e-terragridcomT390
5. ANNEXES
5.1 Physical units
5.1.1 Definition
dBm: a term expressing an electrical power level, referenced to 1 mill watt
(i.e., 0 dBm = 1 mW).
dBu: a means of expressing voltage referenced so that 0 dBu equals 0.775 volts,
regardless of impedance. One mW of power is dissipated if 0.775 volts is applied
to a 600-ohm load, so when the load impedance is 600 ohms, 0 dBu = 0 dBm
dBV: a means of expressing voltage, referenced so that 0 dBV equals 1-volt RMS,
regardless of impedance.
5.1.2 Conversion formulas
5.1.2.1 Voltage
U
U ( dBv ) = 20 log10 ( )
U0
With:
• U0=1V
• U in volt
5.1.2.2 Power
P
P( dBm) = 10 log10 ( )
P0
With:
• P0=0.001W
• P in watt
5.1.2.3 Power-Voltage conversion
U²
P=
Zc
With:
• U: voltage in volt
• P: power in Watt
So,
P ( dBm)
U²
P(dBm) = 10 log10 ( )←
⎯→U = PO Z C ×10 20
PoZc
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
DIP Connection to PLC
e-terragridcomT390 Page 183/208
F1 TO F7 COMMAND
POWER SETTLED FSK PEP-22dBm GUARD 12dB BOOST 12dB BOOST
not INCLUDED not INCLUDED
F1 TO F7 COMMAND
POWER SETTLED FSK PEP-22dBm GUARD 12Db BOOST 12Db BOOST
INCLUDED INCLUDED
5W/37dBm/19,37V 15dBm/1,54V 17dBm/1,94V 26dBm/5,46V 29dBm/7,72V
With U1, U2 ,U3 ,U4 magnitude of the tone calculated using 5.1.2.3 formula.
Therefore, The maximum power output will be this maximum voltage converted in dBm by
the 5.1.2.3 formula with impedance of 600Ω
5.3.2 Dual tone case
Each command corresponds to 2 tones.
The max power output corresponds to the maximum power sent when 2 frequencies are
transmitted.
Exemple : Max Voltage = F1+F3 = command 1
5.5 In case of line distorsion, how can I equalize the Tones / What is the effect of PLC
equalizer ?
The tone level tuning does not rely on the PLC capacity to equalize the TP channel.
The spirit is that the PLC shall provide a channel as transparent as possible. In that way, the
teleprotection path bypasses the equalizer filter.
The commissioner engineer should compensate the initial line distortion by applying a
different transmission level for each tone.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
DIP Connection to PLC l
Page 186/208 e-terragridcomT390
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
HF POWER MEASUREMENT
METHOD
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
HF Power Measurement Method
e-terragridcomT390 Page 189/208
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 191
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the methods to be applied in order to perfectly control the power
output to the line by the T390.
It is intended for all personnel who may have to install PLCs:
• System integrators
• Field engineers
2. THEORETICAL CONFIGURATION
2.1 Band sharing
The R.F. frequency band sharing for the T390 is as follows:
Maintenance Maintenance
Channel RX Channel RX
D0569ENa
10
-10
-20 0.4BW
-30
-40
-50
Fc
-60
-70
-80
-90
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
HF Power Measurement Method
e-terragridcomT390 Page 193/208
2.2 Setting up
The power can be set up in the Configuration window of the Amplifier rack.
(Cf T390/EN AM)
• The power to be considered is the PEP power. With regard to QAM, as a result of the
encoder's statistics, the ratio between the PEP power and the mean QAM power is
equal to 6dB.
• The FSK power is set by default 22dB below the PEP power.
Furthermore, an estimation of the QAM power is provided in the Advanced tab.
Power calculations are always performed more easily when using the dBm unit system.
Reminder: P(dBm)= 10xlog (P(W)x1000)
E.g.: 10W=40dBm
As a first approach, it can be assumed that the QAM power is shared over the whole
bandwidth.
As a result, to calculate roughly the power per kHz, simply apply the following formula:
Pk = Pmean – X
Where Pk, power over 1kHz
Pmean, mean power of the QAM over the whole bandwidth
X depends on the bandwidth: 9dB for 8kHz
12dB for 16kHz
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
HF Power Measurement Method
e-terragridcomT390 Page 195/208
2.2.1 Application
Where strict power limitation rules must be observed, it may be useful to use the following
rules to ensure that the configuration is adequate.
1. The output power should be limited to 0.25W/kHz over the whole bandwidth
2. The power of one signal should be less than 0.1W
With regard to FSK, if a signal is limited to 0.1W=20dBm it can be assumed that the PEP's
maximum value is 20+22=42dBm (i.e. 17W approx.) in order to comply with rule #2
For the first rule, it can be assumed that:
3. ON-LINE MEASUREMENTS
On-line measurements should be done without disturbing the systems operation.
Systems should be synchronised before the QAM signal is transmitted.
It is thus impossible to measure the powers output on the line if the systems are not
connected to one another.
Therefore, we recommend that the measuring device be connected in parallel to the line
(e.g. using a Tee).
Furthermore, it is strongly recommended to use a high-impedance attenuator, considering
the high power levels.
The figure below shows how to avoid disturbing the impedance whilst creating a 40dB
attenuation.
PLC Line
10 kΩ 100 Ω
High impédance
Voltmeter D0570ENa
The use of a selective voltmeter to measure the voltages is based on the following two
assumptions:
• The line impedance is close to the required nominal impedance (e.g. 75Ohms)
QUICK START-UP
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Quick Start-Up
e-terragridcomT390 Page 199/208
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 201
1.1 Scope 201
1.2 References 201
MODIFICATIONS PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This document handles about How to make a T390 quick start up.
1.2 References
For more information, see related documents:
2. ACCESSORIES PROVIDED
2.1 Hardware & Software
Check the accessories provided within the PLC, following your configuration, according to
information given in T390-EN-OS.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Quick Start-Up
e-terragridcomT390 Page 203/208
3. CDROM INSTALLATION
3.1 HMI Installation
3.1.1 Step 1
Your computer has to use the W2000 or WXP.
Open the CD-ROM
3.1.2 Step 2
Then double click on folder HMI…
3.1.3 Step 3
Double click on setup.exe…
3.1.4 Step 4
The HMI is already installed on your computer automatically, at this location:
C:\Program Files\Alstom\e-terragridcom T390
Remarks:
• The “Access manager” icon concerns the customisation of the PLC password.
4. COMPUTER-PLC CONNECTION
4.1 Physical Connection
Use the cable provided under the user kit (cross Ethernet cable equipped with RJ45 plug,
1m).
Connect it to the RJ45 PRCS unit (Ethernet 10/100 MB plug)
Computer
5.1.3 Step 3
Click on “Connection”:
5.1.4 Step 4
Select the IP associated to the module you are connected:
By default, the IP address of T390 equipment is given below according to the kind of
equipment. In any case, this value should be mentioned in the TRS or FAT/SAT report
sheet.
If no change has been made during commissioning, FAT or SAT, all units have the same
default IP address, forbidding connecting them on a HUB or switching equipment.
T390/EN AP/B23 Application Note
Quick Start-Up
Page 206/208 e-terragridcomT390
5.1.5 Step 5
Click on “Connect”.
5.1.6 Step 6
The “Identification” window appears to leave you enter the default user name and password.
5.1.7 Step 7
Number “3” is the common user name and password standard access.
Refer to the “T390/EN OS” manual to change user name and password references.
Application Note T390/EN AP/B23
Quick Start-Up
e-terragridcomT390 Page 207/208
5.1.8 Step 8
Click on “Login” and you can have an overview of your system:
5.1.9 Step 9
Click on “OK” and the main window is appearing.
BLANK PAGE
Alstom Grid
www.alstom.com
e-terragridcomT390
TPI Description
and Configuration
Version 6.1
T390/EN TP/B23
GRID
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 11
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 12
2.1 Overview of teleprotection and intertripping 13
2.2 International standards 13
3. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 14
3.1 Transmission options 14
3.1.1 Analogue transmission through T390 14
3.1.2 Digital path 14
3.1.3 Dual path 14
3.2 Analog path : teleprotection command coding methods 15
3.2.2 Mixed dual and single tone mode (mode 2+2 and mode 3+1) 16
3.3 Digital transmission (optional) 17
3.3.1 Optical path 17
3.3.2 G.703.1 and G.703.6 19
3.3.3 V.11 19
3.3.4 Factory Codes 19
7. MAINTENANCE MENU 75
7.1 Input commands 75
7.2 Outputs commands 76
7.3 Counters 77
7.4 Loop test 77
8. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION 79
8.1 Board top view 79
8.2 Connector and cable descriptions 81
8.3 Back panel 81
8.4 INPUTS CONTACTS 81
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
BLANK PAGE
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Version History
BLANK PAGE
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
1. INTRODUCTION
This document describes the TPI teleprotection unit for the PLC T390.
The TPI module offers the unique advantage on the market to be an integrated teleprotection
module, with dual path communication feature (optional).
As a standard integrated teleprotection all functionalities can be adressed through the T390
HMI either connected locally or remotely through a TCP /Ip network or even thanks to the
SNMP V2 compatibility accessible through an SNMP compatible network management
software.
The Second communication channel can be depending on customer choice among this
different possibilities:
Digital electrical interfaces
− V11 / X21
− G703 1 and 6
Optical Interfaces
− C37.94
2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
3. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
This section introduces the operational features.
3.1 Transmission options
The TPI supports optical or electrical signalling solutions, as described below, in addition to
the PLC link, as an option.
The guard signal is transmitted, except when there is a command to be sent. This mode can
be used only if no other analogue services are used in the band.
In the absence of any commands, the system transmits the signalling signal plus the
user-defined speech band. When a command is present, the speech signal is replaced by
the TP dual frequencies.
3.2.2 Mixed dual and single tone mode (mode 2+2 and mode 3+1)
The mixed mode works only if a speech is configured on the PLC. The command bandwidth
is the bandwidth of this speech. The guard is either the signalling of this speech, or, if no
signalling has been configured, a tone generated by the TPI whose frequency is chosen in a
list by the user.
In the absence of any commands, the system transmits the guard tone plus the speech
band. When a command is present, the speech signal is replaced by either TP dual
frequencies, or a TP single frequency, according to chapter 5, TPI configuration settings.
− Unidirectional: One fiber is used for each direction. This is the standard type of SFP
used in Power Utility telecom network.
There are four ranges of unidirectional SFP depending on the distance covered:
Item Specification
Nominal Bit rate 155520 kbit/s / STM1
Line code NRZ
Optical interface type S1.1 L1.2e U1.2e
Working wavelength (nm) 1261 to 1360 1480 to 1580 1480 to 1580
Fiber Type SM SM SM
Mean Launched optical power (dBm) -14 to -8 -3 to +2 +5 to +8
Receiver sensitivity (dBm) -34 -34 -45
Max Input Power(dBm) -8 -8 -10
Connector Duplex LC Duplex LC Duplex LC
Max Distance (km) 30 100 240
Maximum Allowed Dispersion (ps/nm) NA NA 4800
− Bidirectional: One fiber is used for both directions. Each direction is covered by one
λ. This kind of SFP is proposed to make fiber savings.
By combining the transmit and receive functions onto a single fiber without an external
splitter or combiner, single fiber bidirectional Small Form-Factor Pluggables (SFPs)
provide a simple way to deliver optical transmission by cutting fiber cabling needs in
half.
Item Specification
Nominal Bit rate 1-Fiber Bi-Directional 155520 kbit/s / STM1
Line code NRZ
Optical interface type BIDI-180-1 BIDI-180-2 BIDI-1120-1 BIDI-1120-2 BIDI-1200-1 BIDI-1200-2
Tx/Rx (nm) 1310/1550 1550/1310 1510/1590 1590/1510 1510/1590 1590/1510
Fiber Type SM SM SM SM SM SM
Mean Launched optical
power (dBm) -2 to 3 -2 to 3 -2 to 3 -2 to 3 1 to 5 1 to 5
Receiver sensitivity (dBm) -34 -34 -34 -34 -45 -45
Max Input Power(dBm) -8 -8 -8 -8 -10 -10
Connector LC LC LC LC LC LC
Max Distance (km) 80 80 120 120 200 200
Maximum Allowed
Dispersion (ps/nm) NA NA NA NA NA NA
e-terragricom
e-terragridcom
Default values
By default, the ratio allocated to to each channele (QAM, band1 or band 2) s given by:
For example, with QAM (8 kHz) + Band 1 (4kHz), the default values are:
• Choose first if a Boost is needed for the TPX commands (6 or 12 dB) in the Boost
mode panel.
• Set the Input Gain with the + and - buttons in the Input Gain Panel. For this use
the following rules :
¾ In the Guard Level panel of the INPUT zone, input the level of the Guard
frequency (dBm) generated by the external TP if any using the slide bars (or
else tick the check box Use guard send by PLC – In this case, the signalling
of the telephone channel will be used as the guard frequency for the TPX).
¾ In the Max TP Output Level panel of the INPUT zone, input the level of the
command frequency(ies) (dBm) generated by the external TP. This may be
different from the guard level.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
¾ Tune the Input Gain with the + and - buttons to obtain the required values
in the Guard RF Level and RF Command Level bars at the bottom of the TP
panel.
• Note that the Max TP Output Level, Guard Level, Guard RF Level and RF
Command Level data are not sent to the PLC, they are only a guide to help the
tuning of the input gain. Therefore, when reading back the configuration from the PLC,
they will be reset to the default value. The Max TP Output Level and Guard Level
should be programmed on the TPX equipment.
• Set the Output Gain with the + and - buttons in the Output Gain Panel. For this
use the following rules :
¾ In the RF Level panel of the OUPUT zone, input the RF level of the Guard or
Commands tones.
¾ Set the Output Gain with the + and - buttons to obtain the required
values in AF for the given tone (information Panel of the OUTPUT zone).
• Note that the RF Level data is not sent to the PLC, it is only a guide to help the tuning
of the output gain. Therefore, when reading back the configuration from the PLC, this
will be reset to the default value.
• On the Available Power panel, click the check boxes for the bands that will be cut
during command transmission. The selection includes automatically the TPX sending
band (band 1 is automatically selected, but selecting the other bands as well
guarantees maximum power for TPX command transmission).
NOTE 1: Guard level is limited by power allocated to band 1 in tab
Amp/advanced. Command level is limited by power allocated to bands
cut by TPX during command transmission.
NOTE 2: It is not possible to cut a band occupied by TPI.
NOTE 3: The TPX settings must be consistent with those for the DIP.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
− C37.94: This interface cover all the SFP optical interface module that can be plug into
the TPI: Please make sure to use the appropriate SFP to the type of fiber used and
distance to be covered.
− G703-1 / G703-6 or V11 are daughter boards that can be implemented on TPI.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
The table displayed in communication path window allows selecting the paths and
commands to use.
The first column of the table contains the index of commands. The interfaces are displayed
in 2 following columns. First one is dedicated to Digital path, second one is dedicated to
Analogue path.
Operator column is fixed with no choice, at the reception side it will be acknowledged the first
command received.
5.4.1 Defining communication paths
5.4.1.1 Digital path
By clicking on lines of column “C3794”, you can select 2, 4 or 8 commands. By default, you
can only select 2 or 4 commands. In order to tick 8 commands, you have to select “8
commands” in the tab with digital path, which can be OPTICAL, V11, G703-1, G703-6 (see
section 5.7 for more details).
5.4.1.2 Analog path case dual tone
Select dual tone in the menu in analog on TPI column to choose the dual tone mode as
shown in Figure 19.
By clicking on lines of column “Analog on TPI”, you can select 4 or 6 commands. By default,
you can only select 4 commands. In order to tick 6 commands, you have to select “6
commands” in tab “Analog on TPI” (see section 5.5 for more details).
NOTE 1: If no command is selected in C3794 path, it is deactivated. If no
command is selected in Analogue path, it is deactivated.
NOTE 2: If the key “set-reset” is installed:
- if you have selected “1 set-reset in tab “Analogue on TPI”, you can
only check cmd1, cmd3 and cmd 4 (refer to set/reset explanation later
in the manual).
- if you have selected “2 set-reset in tab “Analogue on TPI”, you can
only check cmd1, cmd3 and cmd 5.
- if you have selected “3 set-reset in tab “Analogue on TPI”, you can
only check cmd1, cmd3 and cmd 5.
NOTE 3: If a command is used on both interfaces all the other commands must
be on both interfaces. If this rule is not respected, an error message
will appears when leaving the window.
5.4.1.3 Analog path case mixed tone
Select “2PT + 2DT” in the menu in analog on TPI column to choose the mode 2+2 and “3PT
+ 1DT” to select the mode 3+1, as shown in the figure above.
In the mixed mode, it is not possible to unselect commands as in dual tone. The commands
1 to 4 are selected by default.
5.4.2 Operator
Only “OR” choice.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Frequencies Location
F1 Fcentral ± 300Hz
F2 Fcentral ± 500Hz
F3 Fcentral ± 700Hz
F4 Fcentral ± 900Hz
F5 Fcentral ± 1100Hz
F6 Fcentral ± 1300Hz
F7 Fcentral ± 1500Hz
F8 Fcentral ± 1700Hz
In case of TPI over QAM, in superimposed mode with 16 khz bandwidth the frequencies
location are :
Frequencies Location
F1 Fcentral ± 6300Hz
F2 Fcentral ± 6500Hz
F3 Fcentral ± 6700Hz
F4 Fcentral ± 6900Hz
F5 Fcentral ± 7100Hz
F6 Fcentral ± 7300Hz
F7 Fcentral ± 7500Hz
F8 Fcentral ± 7700Hz
X X
X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X
X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X
X X
X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
In that case, the relation between commands and frequencies is given hereafter.
In that case, the relation between commands and frequencies is given inTable 11:
The rule is to avoid the use of F7 if possible and to keep the combination where the gap
between the two tones is maximum.
In that case, the relation between commands and frequencies is given hereafter.
In that case, the relation between commands and frequencies is given hereafter.
− TP over QAM
− TP over speech
− TP Full Band
5.5.6.2 Command mode
If the key set/reset is installed, you can choose “4 commands”, “6 commands”, “1set/reset”,
“2 set/reset”, or “3 set/reset”.
The specific function set/reset is to avoid interrupting data transmission during command
sending from set pulse up to reset pulse.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
LINK STATUS
C: INPUT COMMAND
CTx: Tx COMMAND TPS (SET/RESET)
R: COMMAND RESTITUTION
Together with an input C a Set/Reset CTx is sent by local TP to remote TP (Set=cmd1 &
Reset=cmd2) on line.
On remote TP a command R is receiving after Set acknowledged.
After Set acknowledged CTx may released allowing services transmission.
In standard mode after Reset acknowledged R may released.
If link down 2 Reset of 20sec are sending up to keep R on remote TP.
If the key set/reset is not installed, you can only choose 4 or 6 commands. If you select
“1set/reset”, “2 set/reset”, or “3 set/reset”, an error message will appears when applying
configuration.
NOTE: When closing the “Analogue Interface” window by clicking “OK” and
returning to “Communication path” window, don't forget to select
commands .(section 6.4)
If you select “1 set/reset”, “2 set/reset” or “3 set/reset”, click on the ellipsis on the right of
command mode. The screen displayed in Figure 24 will appear. You can choose the set and
reset transmission duration using the slider.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Note that the TP TX BAND center is automatically set to the speech center frequency
selected and cannot be modified. The TP range is displayed accordingly (850Hz on each
side of the center frequency).
The guard ratio represents the ratio of the QAM power you are allowing to the TP guard. You
have got this value in dB in the second red circle. This value is updated in the amplifier
window as we can see in the following window:
5.5.6.4 TP TX band
In case TP Full Band , it is possible to choose the place of the TPI in the band using slide
bar. Do not forget to check that the local TP Tx band is consistent with TP Rx band of remote
equipment.
5.5.6.5 Channel Cutting
In order to increase the power available for TP tones, it is possible to cut bands not used by
TP. The band used by TPI and selected in “Overlay Analogue Channel” is automatically cut.
For example,
If PEP is 40 W, if you have chosen in Amp / Advanced:
− Band 1 ratio 20 %
− Band 2 ratio 30 %
If the TPI is on QAM, and if you have chosen for cut bands “QAM band” and “band 1”, then:
• Unblocking level: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking activation threshold in the
range -50 to -10 dB under Pep.
• Unblocking Delay: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking activation delay. The value
range is from 0 to 200 ms.
• Unblocking Duration: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking duration in the range 0
to 5000 ms.
5.5.7.3 Alarms
− Smaller level of received tones (guard excluded) - measured noise level on 4 kHz +
3dB.
The SNR Alarm occurs if the SNR measured through an internal digital filter falls below a
threshold SNR Low limit level and remains there for at least the time specified in SNR Low
limit Delay.
The SNR Alarm is removed if the SNR comes back over a threshold SNR High limit level
and remains there for at least the time specified in SNR High limit Delay.
• SNR Low limit level: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm activation threshold in
the range -10 to 40 dB.
• SNR Low limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm activation delay. The
value range is from 0 to 5s.
• SNR High limit level: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm deactivation threshold in
the range -10 to 40 dB.
• SNR High limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm deactivation delay. The
value range is from 0 to 5s.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
• Loss of signal low limit level: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
activation threshold in the range -50 to 0 dB.
• Loss of signal low limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
activation delay. The value range is from 0 to 5s.
• Loss of signal high limit level: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
deactivation threshold in the range -50 to 0 dB.
• Loss of signal high limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
deactivation delay. The value range is from 0 to 5s.
5.5.7.4 Reception levels Panel
Use this panel to set the reception level of each frequency, between -60 and +60dB.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Command Channel
A (300-3400 Hz) B (300-2400 Hz) C (300-2200 Hz) D (300-2000 Hz)
3660 3660 3660 3660
Guard
2520 2520 2520
frequency
2320 2320
2220
• 4 commands: 2+2, that is a mode with 2 permissive commands and 2 direct tripping
commands with priority on tripping.
CASE 1
Input Commands
Permissive
Direct Tripping
OR OPTION 2
Transmitted
Commands
CASE 2
Permissive
Input Commands
Direct Tripping
Commands
Transmited
Transmit DT Transmit PT
The delay Tmin for the minimum transmission time of a direct tripping command will be set
by IHM. The minimum value for this delay will be constrained by the minimum time for the
receiver to acknowledge a direct trip command. On the other side, at the output command
relay can be set to a minimum duration from 0 ms to 2500 ms.
What happens when permissive input goes inactive again and direct tripping input stays
active? The following diagram describes these situations.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
The relationship between the received commands and the output is the following:
TABLE 19: RELATION BETWEEN RECEIVED COMMANDS & OUTPUTS - MODE 3+1
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
cmd F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8
A x
B x
A+B x
C x x
D x x
C+D x x
Test x x
Guard x
cmd F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8
A x
B x
C x
D x
E x x
Test x x
Guard x
Where Pfsk is the FSK level under Pep and is by default -22dB under Pep.
5.6.4.6 Channel cutting
This option is not available in mixed mode.
5.6.4.7 Loop test
This panel is only visible on the Master unit.
This is a new feature for the TPIC. It gives information about the ability of the TPIC to send
or receive a TP command. Particularly, when in silent mode, the guard is transmitted by
another circuit than the TPIC transmitter, the test allows to verify the good working of the
transmitter of the TPI.
Note that the loop test is only made on the Analogue path.
The test is programmed by HMI to be:
• Deactivated
• Unblocking level: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking activation threshold in the
range -50 to -10 dB under Pep.
• Unblocking Delay: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking activation delay. The value
range is from 1 to 200 ms.
• Unblocking Duration: Use the slide bar to set the unblocking duration in the range
10ms to 5s.
5.6.5.3 Alarms
• SNR Low limit level: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm activation threshold in
the range -10 to 15 dB.
• SNR Low limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm activation delay. The
value range is from 0.5s to 10s.
• SNR High limit level: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm deactivation threshold in
the range -10 to 15 dB. The high limit level cannot be lower than the low limit.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
• SNR High limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the SNR alarm deactivation delay. The
value range is from 0.5s to 10s.
Loss of Signal Alarm
The Loss of signal Alarm occurs if the Signal level measured through an internal digital filter
falls below a threshold Loss of signal low limit level and remains there for at least the time
specified in Loss of signal low limit Delay.
The Loss of signal Alarm is removed if the Signal level comes back over a threshold Loss of
signal high limit level and remains there for at least the time specified in Loss of signal high
limit Delay.
• Loss of signal low limit level: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
activation threshold in the range -30 to -3 dB.
• Loss of signal low limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
activation delay. The value range is from 0.5s to 10s.
• Loss of signal high limit level: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
deactivation threshold in the range -30 to -3 dB. The high limit level cannot be lower
than the low limit.
• Loss of signal high limit Delay: Use the slide bar to set the Loss of signal alarm
deactivation delay. The value range is from 0.5s to 10s.
5.6.5.4 Reception levels Panel
Use this panel to set the reception level of each frequency; the range is the same as in Tx
panel.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
5.7 Digital
To configure the digital interface, click on button “C3794” in Window “Communication path”
The screen shown in Figure 41 is displayed.
Number of commands
Use the menu to select 2, 4 or 8 commands. When closing the “Digital Interface” window and
returning to “Communication path” window, do not forget to selects the commands (section
5.4,). The default value is 4 commands.
Source clock
Click the appropriate radio button to select External or Internal clock. The default value is
“external”.
Clock Speed
Select the clock speed in the menu.
In OPTICAL, the available speeds are 64, 128 and 256 kbps (default value 64kbps).
In case V11, the available speeds are 32, 64, 128 and 256kbps (default value 32kbps).
In case G703-1, the available speed is 64kbps.
In case G703-6, the available speed is 2000kbps.
Transfer time alarm threshold
The alarm is set when propagation time exceeds the user-defined threshold. The default
value is 20 ms.
BER alarms
Select BER minor alarm threshold among 4 values: 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3. The default value is
10-5.
Select BER major alarm threshold among 3 values: 10-3, 10-2, 10-1. The default value is 10-3.
Communication mode (only available with V11 interface)
Click the appropriate radio button to select data received on external or internal clock. The
default value is “data received on external clock”.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
For each command, select the protection scheme, corresponding input(s), operator, Holding
delay and Validation delay. Details on each parameter is given in the following.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
• If 2+2 has been selected, then, commands 1 and 2 are permissive trippings, and
commands 3 and 4 are direct trippings.
• If 3+1 has been selected, then, command 1, 2 and 3 are permissive trippings, and
command 4 is a direct tripping.
5.8.1.3 Inputs
For each command, select with left mouse button the inputs used to send the command. If
you want an inverted input, select with right mouse button instead of left mouse button.
5.8.2 Operator
Select the operator to apply to inputs to validate the sending of a command. The operator
can be OR, AND, or XOR.
Default value is OR.
For example, if you select for command 1 IN1 and IN2 with operator AND and for command
2 IN1 and IN2 with operator OR, then If IN1 is active, only command 2 is sent and if IN1 and
IN2 are active, commands 1 and 2 are sent.
IN 2
IN 3
IN 4
IN 5
IN 6
IN 7
IN 8
(ms) (ms)
CMD1 Type 1 X X AND 0 0
CMD2 Type 2 X X OR 0 0
Command
Transmitted
command
D0660ENa
5.8.6 Filter
The filter delay (from 0 to 100ms) allows avoiding glitches. Input is considered as valid only if
it is active during at least the filter delay.
TABLE 22: LINK BETWEEN COMMANDS AND OUTPUT RELAYS, MIXED TONE MODE
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
• If 2+2 has been selected, then, commands 1 and 2 are permissive trippings, and
commands 3 and 4 are direct trippings.
• If 3+1 has been selected, then, command 1, 2 and 3 are permissive trippings, and
command 4 is a direct tripping.
5.9.4 Operator
For each relay, choose the operator with left mouse button. You can choose “AND” or “OR”.
The operator works for the whole line.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
5.9.7 Unblocking
In dual tone mode, the Unblocking can be set on one or more relays (NO or NO/NC), if no
alarm and no start is already set on the same relay.
In case mixed tone mode, the Unblocking can be set on one or more NO/NC relays if no
alarm are set on the same relay.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Start CRX R
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
5.9.9 Events/Alarms
Four alarms can be relayed to outputs: Major, Minor, User1 and User 2.
Four alarms can be relayed to outputs: Major, Minor, User1 and User 2.
In dual tone mode, it is possible to associate Alarms to one or more of the 6 NC relays if no
other Command or Unblocking has already affected to these relays.
In mixed tone mode, it is possible to associate Alarms to one or more of the NC relays 1 to 4
if no other Command or Unblocking has already affected to these relays.
Major and AL1 are the same but the delay to output relays can be different.
Minor and AL2 are the same but the delay to output relays can be different.
5.9.9.1 Logic of Alarms
We can select one of the two types of logic for each relay associated to alarms.
AH = active high
All relays are currently driven by positive logic. This is correct for NO contacts (generally
dedicated to commands), refer to logic diagram here below;
AL = active low
This state (AH) is not properly operate for alarm indication
In this case we need a NC contact with active alarm state equal to the state when TPI is
switched off.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
− “Memory”: the relay is maintained in the state it had before the alarm occurred
1 0 0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1 0 1
1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 1 1
NOTES:
• If nothing is set on a relay, the “state on alarm” of this relay is forced to “idle”
• The “state on alarm” of relays where alarms are connected are forced to “transparent”
• The “state on alarm” of relays where only unblocking is connected are forced to
“transparent”
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
As type 1 < type 2 < Type 3, the applied protection schemes are the following:
Select one of the TPI measures tabs to open the relevant display.
6.1 Input
Click Input Commands tab to see the input configuration and status displayed in Figure 57.
In this window, the relation between inputs and commands is reminded.
Furthermore, the active inputs status is displayed on the first line.
Keep in mind that the status is the status of the optoelectronics input (not the associated
logic)
In case of inverted input, the command is inactive when the status is red.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
6.2 Output
Click on Output Commands tab to see the relay configuration and status displayed in Figure
58. In this window, the relation between relays and commands is reminded. Furthermore, the
triggered outputs are highlighted in Red.
In this window are displayed the number of RX commands and the number of Tx commands
since the last reset of counters.
Capacity of each counter is up to 65535.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
6.4 Analog
Click on Tab “Analog” to display the screen shown in Figure 60. Reception levels of 8 tones
are displayed. If you are in mode “TP over speech”, the 8th tone level is the level of the
speech signalling.
NOTE: If the level of a tone is less than -45dB, it is displayed as -45dB.
Furthermore, in the case 2PT+2DT and 3PT+1DT, the result of last loop test is given. See
section 7.4 for more information on the loop test.
6.5 Digital
Two measures are available in case of digital path configured:
6.6 Alarms
Click on Tab “Alarms” to display the screen shown in Figure 63.
7. MAINTENANCE MENU
If you are granted, it is possible to force inputs and outputs. On the HMI Maintenance icone,
click Input Commands tab to display the screen shown in Figure 64:
Select one of the TPI maintenance tabs to open the relevant display.
7.1 Input commands
Click on Tab “Input commands” to display the screen shown in Figure 64.
In the window, the correspondence between commands and inputs is reminded.
In order to send commands on HF line, check boxes on the left of command numbers and
click button “Force”.
The warning window displayed in Figure 65 will appear. Click yes to send selected
commands on line. Click “no” to abort.
In the case where one (or more) set/reset is configured, there is a button “clear cmds” next
the “force” button. To send manually a “reset” at reception, check the reset box below the
considered column and click on button “clear cmds”.
The warning window displayed in Figure 68 will appear. Click yes to activate selected
commands. Click no to abort.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
7.3 Counters
The reset of the counters can be performed in the tab Reinitialization displayed in Figure 69.
The loop test can be initiated by clicking on button “Start loop test”.
The master unit sends then a message test MT1 to Slave during 200ms. The Slave answers
with a message test MT2 during 200ms. When this message is received by Master, it
answers with another message test, MT3 during 200ms.
The time transmission measured by Master is displayed in the panel “Last loop test result”. It
is equal to the time between the sending of message MT1 and the reception of MT2 divided
by 2.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
On the slave side, the time transmission measured is equal to the time between the sending
of message MT2 and the reception of MT3 divided by 2.
The time measured includes not only the transmission time of the PLC, but also the
response time of the filters, the decision making on the Test message reception, anf the
different latencies inside the microprocessors (note that the loop test is not a first priority
task). Therefore the value given is neither the transmission time of the link nor the nominal
transmission time of the teleprotection.
The typical value measured on an artificial resistive load with a well tuned PLC link is 50ms.
If the MT2 message is not received after too long time, the master retransmits a second time
the message MT1. If the message MT2 is neither received, the master transmits a third time
the MT1 message. If the message MT2 is still not received, the status of the loop test is
“failed”.
By default, the last loop test result is displayed.
If the last loop test was successful, the status is “passed”, else it is “failed”.
If no loop test has been executed since the last reboot, the time propagation result is empty
and the loop test status is “Never executed”.
NOTE: The last loop test result can also be visualized in the window
Measure/TPI/analog (see section 6.4).
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
8. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
8.1 Board top view
Remove the case top panel. The TPI mother board is similar to the following picture.
Legend:
− Dry contact
− Wetted contact
The Wetted contacts are the normal case. The power required to switch the input is provided
by the external source. In this case all the input mode jumpers (JP 82 to 89 ) must be set to
position 1-2.
The dry contact can operate by using the daughter board Tio-Dry. In this case, no jumper is
required in input mode.
In this case, the input range jumper must be set to 24V (position1-2).
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NC C NO NC C NO NC C NO
P5 OUT9 OUT10 OUT11
P6 OUT12 OUT13 OUT14
NO relays
OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 OUT8
JP 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66
NO/NC relays
OUT9 OUT10 OUT11 OUT12 OUT13 OUT14
JP 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
Pin Description
+ BAT 48 VDC positive
- BAT 48 VDC negative
NC Not Connected
IR179 V11
IR173 G703-6
IR180 G703-1
The P11 communication medium interface uses a Sub D 15-Pin female right-angle metallic
connector for the electrical communication options V11, G.703.1, and G.703.6. The pin-out
for each of these is different, and is described under the relevant heading in the paragraphs
that follow.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
V11/X24
This interface offers up to 64kbps transmission capabilities. The access interface is
composed of the three following circuits, for which data flow direction depends on the role
given to the interface (DTE or DCE):
If the interface is used as DCE, input and output pins must be swapped.
The signal S’ is a non-standard feature.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
G.703.1
This interface offers up to 64 kbps transmission capabilities.
G.703.6
This interface offers up to 2 Mbps transmission capabilities.
The front panel LEDs are shown in Figure 76 and described in the tables that follow.
LED Description
Int. Error See Section 8.9.1
Syst. OK See Section 8.9.1
On Line Communication synchronised
Maint. Future use only
Tx Cmd Yellow indicates command is sent
Rx Cmd Yellow indicates command is received
On (yellow) only if both analogue and digital path are
Backup
configured
On (yellow) if new event is available since last event
Events
download
LED Description
Major On Red and fix for local major alarm
Minor On Red and fix for local minor alarm
Major On Red and slow blinking for remote major alarm
Minor On Red and slow blinking for remote minor alarm
On Red and fast blinking for local and remote major
Major
alarm
On Red and fast blinking for local and remote minor
Minor
alarm
Alarm User 1 On Red for Alarm User 1
Alarm User 2 On Red for Alarm User 2
The complete list of possible alarms on the TPI with their gravity is given in section 6.6.
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
Testing standards
Other standards
IEEE 802.3: CSMA/CD
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
Channel requirements
The three tripping modes (known collectively as “inter-tripping”) are Direct, Permissive, and
Blocking (defined below) and each puts different requirements on the transmission channel.
The trade-off between speed, security, and dependability is illustrated in Figure 85:
− System integrators
− Field engineer
T P I M a in W in d o w s
TPI
C o m m u n ic a tio n
p a th
TPI
In p u t C o m m a n d s
TPI
O u tp u t C o m m a n d s
TPI
A n a lo g P a th
TPI
D ig ita l P a th
End of
C o n fig u r a tio n
L e v e ls T u n in g
D 0668EN a
• First of all configure all PLC services following the T390/EN/AP-016, installation check
guide.
11.2.2 Window TPI / Main
• Select analog column. Configure analogue path (see chapters 11.4 and 11.5)
• Choose operators
11.2.4 Window TPI / Input commands
• Link inputs to commands with left button of mouse (normal input) or right button of
mouse (inverted input).
• In dual tone mode, select the type of each command (type 1, 2, 3 or 4).
• In dual tone mode, set the validation delay for each command.
Verify that all commands set on an input are checked in window communication path.
Otherwise, when input is activated, these commands will be sent on the digital
transmission path and will be ignored at reception.
11.2.5 Window TPI / Output commands
11.4 TPI / communication path / Analog configuration case Dual Tone Mode
11.4.1 TPI / communication path / Analog configuration / TX
• Overlay mode
Select the TP mode.
TP over QAM exists only if a QAM is defined, and if there is no already another TPI on it. TP
over speech exists only if a speech with signalling is defined, and if there is no already
another TP on it.
• Command mode
Select the number of command: 4 or 6.
If you have key for set/reset, you can also choose”1 set/reset”, ” 2 set/reset”, “3 set/reset”.
• Channel
Select the channel where to put the TPI (channel 2 is not available with version 6.1).
Do not select channel 2 if channel 1 is not used.
• TP TX band
In case TP Full Band, you can move the TP in the channel you have chosen.
Verify on remote equipment that local Tx and Remote Rx are coherent.
• Channel cutting
When a Tx command is present, it is possible to cut other channels to allocate more power
to teleprotection mode.
Cutting other channels allows increasing security and dependability. On the other hands,
services of the cut channel will not operate during command transmission.
• Transmission level
Set the transmission levels to maximal value minus 3dB for commands and for guard.
11.4.2 TPI / communication path / Analog configuration / RX
• TP Rx band
Verify on remote equipment that local Rx band and Remote Tx band are coherent.
• Unblocking limit
A good choice is -20dB for level
Tune the delay of guard loss to switch on unblocking and tune the unblocking duration.
The unblocking functionality is non-sense in case TP over QAM if QAM mode is
separate.
• Alarms
Integrated Teleprotection T390/EN TP/B23
• Reception levels
Set the reception levels to same values as transmission levels.
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
11.5 TPI / communication path / Analog configuration case Mixed tone Mode
11.5.1 TPI / communication path / Analog configuration / TX
• Overlay mode
Already selected by default
• Speech
Already selected by default
• Guard frequency
If this option is visible (no signalling defined), select the guard frequency
• Loop test
Select an hourly or daily loop test if needed and define the schedule in “loop test time” panel.
Define the severity of loop test failure. By default, choose “minor”.
• Tmin DT commands
Define the minimal duration of a Direct Tripping Commands.
Increasing this value improves the probability of missing command of direct tripping
commands, but delays the permissive commands that can occur during the transmission of a
Direct Tripping (see section 5.6.2.1)
• Transmission level
Set the transmission levels to maximal value minus 3dB for commands and for guard.
• Unblocking limit
A good choice is -20dB for level
Tune the delay of guard loss to switch on unblocking and tune the unblocking duration.
• Alarms
The recommended values for Alarms are described hereafter.
• Reception levels
Set the reception levels to same values as transmission levels.
• Reboot system
T390/EN TP/B23 Integrated Teleprotection
• Redo step 9.7 and check that all measures are 0dB.
www.alstom.com
Alstom Grid
www.alstom.com