CAPES fear

F-16 upgrades in jeopardy as

US mulls budget cuts

British Army equipment plans vulnerable to cuts, says NAO - p4

Pakistan to deploy its own UAVs over FATA - p5
China training UWSA air and ground crews - p5
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 » On the cover
IHS™Jane’s F-16s of Singapore’s Black Knights
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Defence Weekly aerobatics team performing at the

Singapore Airshow, where F-16
upgrades were a major talking
ihs.com/janes orior
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VOLUME 51 ISSUE NO 8 • 19 February 2014 point. (Sae page 6) hardcopy magazine

contents » On the web

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Headlines Middle East/Africa delivered from the company’s Long Beach
production facility in California on 13 February.

4 British Army equipment plans vulnerable 17 EU mission will focus on ‘small area’ of
to cuts CAR's capital • Vietnam in talks over Camcopter S-100
5 Pakistan to deploy its own UAVs over FATA, 18 Iran announces new missile tests purchase
official says 19 Saudi Tornado upgrade details revealed • Raytheon announces South Korean
Maverick order
Singapore Airshow 2014 Business • ‘First blood' to Airbus in tanker sales war
with Boeing
6 F-16 upgrade uncertainty shadows show 20 Boeing closes in on 30% international • MBDA expects SPEAR to be in service
8 AFSOC explores gunship-variant V-22 Osprey revenue goal by 2020
9 Rafael launches Iron Beam 21 AVIC offers L-15 as low-cost AJT option • Northrop Grumman hopeful of South
10 China, US lack ‘clarity’ on Asia-Pacific 22 Lockheed Martin eyes wave of F-35 Asia Korean Global Hawk deal soon
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23 Alestis to emerge from bankruptcy protection SE Asia
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» HEADLINES For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

IHS Jane’s
Defence Weekly
British Army equipment
Editorial
Editor: Peter Felstead
Asia-Pacific Editor: James Hardy
plans vulnerable to cuts
Europe Editor: Nicholas de Larrinaga
Middle East/Africa Editor: Jeremy Binnie TIM RIPLEY JDW Correspondent essential to achieving the full intent behind
JDW Features Editor: Kate Tringham LONDON Future Force 2020.”
JDW Assistant Features Editor: Fay Brigden
Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor: Gareth Jennings The NAO said that, “should the funding
Jane’s Land Desk Editor: Nick Brown Ambitious plans to re-equip and re­ situation change, or the core programme
Jane’s Land Consultant: Christopher F Foss
Jane’s Naval Consultant: Richard Scott
organise the British Army are at risk from experience a cost increase that uses up the
Jane’s Defence Industry Analyst: Charles Forrester future defence cuts later this decade, contingency and requires some or all of the
Jane’s Senior Principal Analyst: Guy Anderson
according to the UK National Audit Office unallocated budget, this could have implica­
Jane’s Asia-Pacific Industry Reporter: Jon Grevatt
Washington, DC, Bureau: (NAO) spending watchdog. tions for achieving additional capability”.
Americas Editor: Daniel Wasserbly In its second annual assessment of the The British Army’s “Land Command is
Jane’s C4ISR Reporter: Geoff Fein
Jane’s Industry Reporter: Marina Malenic UK Ministry of Defence’s (MoD’s) 10-year the most likely to experience capability gaps
Jane’s Naval Reporter: Grace Jean equipment procurement plan, the NAO unless it can purchase equipment beyond
Jane’s Senior Americas Aviation Reporter: Caitlin Lee
revealed that British Army modernisation the core programme and, consequently, over
Chief Sub Editor: Jonathan Maynard plans, dubbed Future Force 2020, depend 50% of the unallocated budget has been pro­
Deputy Chief Sub Editors: Thomas Brown, Martin Cooper on GBP4.7 billion (USD7.8 billion) of what visionally apportioned to Land Command”,
Sub Editors: Lucy Bullen, Jessica D’Alonzo, Karen Deans,
Emma Donald, Terry Gault, Niki Gouros, Alex Hadwick, is termed “unallocated funding” being made said the NAO.
Tracy Johnson, Miriam Jones, Susie Kornell, Deborah Miller, available to it from 2017. This is more than A major element of army plans for Future
Dom Passantino, Sam Reynolds, Clare Welton
half of the MoD’s ‘head room’ funds still Force 2020 is bringing equipment purchased
Design unallocated to specific projects. for the Iraqi and Afghan campaigns under
Head of Design: Roberto Filistad
Senior Designer: David Playford The NAO contradicts repeated statements the Urgent Operational Requirement (UOR)
Production by UK government ministers that equipment system into its core budget. The NAO says
Director EMEA, Production Services: David Ward spending is protected from future cuts. The that the cost of bringing all this equipment
Production Controller: Martyn Buchanan
e-Publishing: Edward Allen, Richard Freeman
watchdog stated: “The Equipment Plan bud­ into the MoD’s core programme “will be up
get is not ring-fenced and the [MoD’s] overall to GBP2.9 billion if it were to retain it all”.
General
Vice President, Aerospace & Defence: Blake Bartlett funding position, like all other [ministries], is Under the MoD’s new operating model,
Group Publishing Director: Sean Howe
vulnerable to cuts, as demonstrated through military frontline commands pick the equip­
Director, News and Analysis: James Green
Director, EMEA Editing and Design: Sara Morgan the Spending Review 2013.” The review ment they want to retain in service and only
Administrative Assistant: Hannah Brockwell requires the MoD to find GBP1 billion in cuts if they believe it will be needed in the future.
Correspondents up to 2016. During the period from 2013/14 to 2016/17,
The Americas: Peter Diekmeyer, Diego Gonzalez,
“Budget reductions could reduce the only GBP370 million was specifically allocated
Scott Gourley, Inigo Guevara, Jose Higuera, Joshua Kucera,
Jeremy McDermott, Pedro Paulo Rezende, Patricia Samfelt, available funding for the Equipment Plan in to bringing equipment purchased under UOR
Cesar Cruz Tantalean. Asia-Pacific: Gordon Arthur, Rahul future years if the [ministry] fails to meet its into the core programme, said the NAO.
Bedi, Farhan Bokhari, J Michael Cole, Sebastien Falletti,
Robert Foster, Julian Kerr, Dzirhan Mahadzir, Mrityunjoy cost-saving targets for the non-Equipment “Beyond this funding the commands will
Mazumdar, Trefor Moss, Gavin Phipps, Kosuke Takahashi. Plan budget,” said the NAO. “The GBP8.4 bil­ need to find any funding necessary to support
Europe: Victor Barreira, Nicholas Fiorenza,
Tim Glogan, David Ing, Bruce Jones, Jiri Kominek,
lion unallocated budget could be spent on the this equipment through efficiency measures
Georg Mader, Tim Ripley, Lale Sariibrahimoglu, Sebastian core programme if it increases in cost beyond or by investing the unallocated funding avail­
Schulte, Menno Steketee, Radu Tudor, Theodore Valmas, the GBP4.7 billion contingency, but it is also able to them,” the NAO concluded. ■
Paolo Valpolini. Middle East/Africa: Segun Adeyemi,
Nicholas Blanford, Helmoed-Romer Heitman, Yaakov Katz,
The majority of funds
Ellen Knickmeyer, Mohammed Najib.
for the British Army’s
NATO and EU Affairs: Brooks Tigner.
future equipment
To order reprints of IHS Jane's articles/features please buys is currently
contact adsales@ihsjanes.com or call +44 (0) 20 3253 2289. unallocated, the
NAO has stated,
Printed in the UK by Warners Midlands pic. Jane’s Defence
leaving programmes
Weekly is published 51 times a year at a US subscriber rate
of $580. such as Scout SV
(pictured) potentially
Periodicals postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. US
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For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
Pakistan to deploy its own
UAVs Over FATA, official says
FARHAN BOKHARIJDW Correspondent_____________
ISLAMABAD
Pakistan is to deploy at least 20 “indig­
enously developed” unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAVs) equipped with “reconnais­
sance and offensive capabilities” across
the country’s Federally Administered
Tribal Areas (FATA), a senior Pakistani
government official has told IHS Jane’s.
The UAVs will be deployed along the
Afghan border ahead of the US drawdown
from Afghanistan by the end of 2 014.
The development is important for the
country’s security services for two reasons.
First, Pakistan has tried to acquire UAVs
from the United States, despite the contro­
versy over their use in targeting suspected
militants in FATA, but has had its requests
refused. Second, the Pakistani UAV pro­
gramme attracts global interest over the
Canada slashes defence spending
Canadian Prime Minister Stephen
Harper’s government has announced that
it is cutting projected defence outlays by
CAD3.1 billion (USD2.8 billion) over the
coming four years.
The defence spending cuts were quietly
released among a group of funding docu­
ments as part of Minister of Finance Jim
Flaherty’s 2014 budget presentation.
The cuts, which are among the largest of
all initiatives being implemented, were not
mentioned in Flaherty’s speech.
“The government refers to the moves as
a ‘shift in spending’,” said Dave Walsh, a tax
partner with Ernst & Young LLP’s Ottawa
office, “but the reallocations are more in the
ihs mm/ianftfi
extent to which Pakistan’s ‘indigenously
produced’ UAVs rely on Chinese components.
In November 2013 IHS Jane’s reported the
introduction of a fleet of UAVs by Pakistan’s
army and air force following the first formal
acknowledgement that the programme
existed. The Inter-Services Public Relations
office revealed that two different types of UAV,
the Burraq and the Shahpar, would enter ser­
vice. At the time no information was given on
the number of platforms to be introduced.
IHS Jane’s has reported that the 470 kg
medium-range Shahpar is produced by Paki­
stan’s Global Industrial & Defence Solutions,
but bears a resemblance to the China Aerospace
Science and Technology Corporation CH-3.
No details are available on the Burraq,
although some analysts believe it might also
be based on the CH-3. Pakistan also operates
a batch of Selex ES Falco medium-altitude
tactical reconnaissance UAVs. ■
Pakistan’s Shahpar
(shown) and Burraq
UAVs are to patrol the
country's FATA region,
where the United
States' use of UAVs
has been controversial
to say the least.
nature of outright cuts. Long-term finance
department projections show the years in
which spending is being reduced, but spend­
ing tables stretching out to the end of the
decade don’t indicate if or when those funds
will be added back.”
Flaherty defended the move, alluding to
challenges in the procurement process that
have led to problems. In recent years, major
defence acquisitions have either stalled, been
cancelled, or are progressing slowly.
“If you have money laying around that you
can’t spend, it makes sense to do something
else with it,” Flaherty said.
Peter Diekmeyer
JDW Correspondent, Montreal
HEADLINES «
China training UWSA
air and ground crews
The new rotary-wing arm of Myanmar's insur­
gent United Wa State Army (UWSA) is to be
supported by a local cadre of pilots and tech­
nicians that will undergo training in China,
according to a media report from Yangon.
Thirty UWSA personnel have been selected for
the training programme on Mil Mi-17 transport
helicopters, according to a recent report in the
magazine Irrawaddy. The report cited sources in a
delegation from the Karen National Liberation Army
- another ethnic minority force observing a ceasefire
agreement with the Myanmar military - which had
recently visited the UWSA headquarters at Pangh-
sang in northeastern Shan state.
Another reliable source also citing recent visi­
tors to Panghsang told IHS Jane's that the group
of UWSA trainees numbered around 20 and was
already undergoing training in China.
Since early last year the UWSA has fielded
a small number of Mi-17s acquired from China,
although it has never been clear whether they were
piloted by UWSA personnel or by Chinese nationals
serving in support of the Wa. Initial media reporting
on the aircraft that appeared in IHS Jane’s in April
2013 estimated that between two and five of the
aircraft were based in Wa-controlled territory. The
size of the current trainee contingent suggests that
the larger number is more realistic.
Since then it has not been possible to confirm
initial reports that some or all the helicopters were
armed with air-to-air missiles and it appears more
likely that their primary role is for resupply and VIP
transport in the rugged terrain along the Chinese
border, where most of the UWSA forces are based.
However, the training of local pilots and techni­
cians also opens the door for the acquisition of more
helicopters in the future. This would be consistent
with a UWSA rearmament programme, which over
recent years has involved the acquisition of Chinese
armoured vehicles, man-portable air defence sys­
tems (MANPADS), artillery, and infantry weapons.
The rearmament of the UWSA, which fields
an estimated 25,000 trained regulars, appears
intended to create conditions of powerful deterrence
on the ground that will serve to support future
negotiations with the Myanmar government. The
Wa are understood to be pressing for their own
state within Myanmar, which would formalise the
complete autonomy the UWSA-run 'special region'
has enjoyed since the current ceasefire arrangement
was initiated in 1989.
Anthony Davis JDW Correspondent, Bangkok
19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 5
» SINGAPORE AIRSHOW 2014
F-16 upgrade
uncertainty
shadows show
JAMES HARDY JDW Asia-Pacific Editor
GARETH JENNINGS Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor
SINGAPORE---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Singapore is planning to upgrade its F-16 fleet, a programme that may be
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- affected by US plans to defund its own retrofits of the platform.
The potential defunding of the
US Air Force’s (USAF’s) Lock­
heed Martin F-16 Fighting
Falcon upgrade programme
- and its knock-on effect on
similar efforts in Singapore
and Taiwan - dominated talk
on the stands at the 2014
Singapore Airshow.
Lockheed Martin robustly
denied reports that the Pentagon
is planning to defund the Combat
Avionics Programmed Exten­
sion Suite (CAPES) programme
in its fiscal year 2015 (FY 2015)
funding request that will be
announced on 5 March.
Under CAPES Lockheed Mar­
tin was contracted to upgrade
over 300 USAF and 146 Taiwan­
ese F-16s, with Singapore poten­
tially joining the programme
to take advantage of economy-
of-scale savings. Among other
features, CAPES features the
installation of the Northrop
P-8 squadron outlines first operational deployment
The executive officer of the
US Navy’s (USN’s) first opera­
tional Boeing P-8 Poseidon
squadron says his aircraft are
conducting four to five sorties
a day from their forward-
deployed base in Okinawa,
Japan.
Commander Daniel Paap,
executive officer for the USN’s
Patrol Squadron 16 (VP-16, ‘War
Eagles’), told IHS Jane’s that since
arriving at Kadena Air Base from
their home base of Naval Air
6 | Jane's Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
• US plans to defund its F-16
upgrade and the knock-
on effect on international
contracts were a major theme
at the Singapore Airshow
• OEM Lockheed Martin denied
that US budget plans to be
announced on 5 March will
affect Taiwan or Singapore’s
F-16 upgrade programmes
Grumman Scalable Agile Beam
Radar (SABR).
USAF and government officials
with knowledge of the Penta­
gon’s plans told IHS Jane’s in early
February that money planned
for the CAPES development is
expected to be moved to the
F-16 service-life extension pro­
gramme (SLEP) instead.
“The [USAF’s] budget includes
some very tough choices,” said
one service official. “CAPES
was one of the casualties of the
negotiations.” This was echoed
Station Jacksonville in December
2013 the six P-8s have conducted
“routine anti-submarine warfare
(ASW) sorties and surveillance
The US Navy’s first operational squadron of P-8s was represented at the
Singapore Airshow.
by senior industry sources at
Singapore, with one saying that
there is “a great degree of cer­
tainty that it’ll be defunded on 5
March”.
The significance of the CAPES
decision goes beyond USAF
concerns at combat capabil­
ity reductions: it could also
affect Taiwan’s ability to pay
for upgrades to its 146 F-16A/
Bs. Not upgrading in turn could
undermine the Republic of
China Air Force’s qualitative
ability to defend Taiwanese air­
space from a Chinese invasion. It
is also likely to hurt US-Taiwan-
ese ties, which have been dam­
aged by Washington’s refusal to
sell Taipei 66 new-build F-16C/
Ds because the United States is
concerned at the sale’s effect on
ties with mainland China.
Bill McHenry, who runs
Lockheed Martin’s F-16 Business
Development business, rejected
and reconnaissance missions: the
same as with the P-3 but with
much greater capabilities”.
The P-8 is replacing the Lock-
ihs.com/janes
IHS/James Hardy: 1562977
this, telling IHS Jane’s on 13
February that the Taiwanese
upgrade contract was written to
ensure it has “financial indepen­
dence from whatever the USAF
ultimately decides to do about
CAPES decision”.
“Stop, go or change, the value
of the letter of acceptance [LoA]
signed between Taiwan and the
US government is not affected,
whatever the USAF decides to do
on CAPES,” McHenry said. This
includes the development cost of
the overall programme - some­
thing that had also been raised as
an issue.
The status of the CAPES
programme is also of interest
to Singapore, which has been
in negotiations with Lockheed
Martin for an upgrade of its
F-16 fleet. Asked whether the
potential defunding would have
a knock-on effect on those talks,
McHenry said: “I hope not.” ■
heed Martin P-3 Orion in USN
service. It is also entering service
with the Indian Navy, while
Australia has signed up for the
P-8 development programme and
plans to buy eight P-8s to replace
its AP-3Cs. Boeing officials at
the Singapore Airshow said they
were involved in “significant”
discussions with up to five more
potential P-8 customers, but
declined to name them.
James Hardy JDW Asia-
Pacific Editor, Singapore
ihs.oom/janes
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» SINGAPORE AIRSHOW 2014
Honeywell
rebalances
AsPac portfolio
Honeywell is realigning its
portfolio of products and sup­
port services in the Asia-Pacific
(AsPac) region to reduce its
dependence on the Japanese
market, a company official told
IHS Jane’s on 12 February.
Speaking at the Singapore
Airshow, Mark Burgess, customer
business director for Honeywell’s
AsPac defence and space business,
said that, while Japan will remain
Honeywell's largest regional market,
the goal is to reduce Japan's share of
the company’s regional revenue from
75% now to 50% over the next two
to three years.
“We are looking to rebalance [our
portfolio] away from Japan. There
has been an overreliance on Japan,
which is by far our biggest market.
We had a bad year in 2013, mainly
as a result of exchange rate problems
[with the Japanese market] and an
increase in the country's consump­
tion tax, which was raised from 5%
to 8% and which has affected the
military,” he said.
Burgess was keen to note that
this will be done by increasing the
company’s presence in other regional
markets rather than by downsizing
in Japan.
"The strategic plan is to grow the
[regional] revenue from about USD350
million now to about USD500 million,
Japan will remain our largest market,
but we are also looking to grow in
[South] Korea, Taiwan, Australia, and
New Zealand,” he explained.
Honeywell’s current Japanese
interests include supporting the T55
engine for the Chinook helicopter,
supplying mechanical and avionics
components, P-1 and C-2 aircraft
system support, aircraft engine
overhauls, F-15J upgrade work, and
supporting the ShinMaywa US-2 sale
into India.
Gareth Jennings Jane's
Aviation Desk Editor, Singapore
8 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
AFSOC explores gunship-
variant V-22 Osprey
GARETH JENNINGS Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor
SINGAPORE
The US Air Force Special
Operations Command (AF­
SOC) is to develop a gunship
variant of the Bell-Boeing V-22
Osprey tiltrotor that also has
the US Marine Corps (USMC)
interested, a senior service of­
ficial revealed on 13 February.
Speaking at the Singapore
Airshow, USMC Lieutenant
Colonel Eric Ropella, PMA-275
Program Manager, International
Programs, said that AFSOC is
looking at developing a proto­
type gunship version of its CV-22
aircraft and that the USMC is
following developments with
regard to its MV-22.
“[AFSOC] is looking at a num­
IAI unveils new Super Heron HF UAV
Israel Aerospace Industries
(IAI) unveiled a new heavy-fuel
variant of its Heron medium-
altitude long-endurance
(MALE) unmanned aerial
vehicle (UAV) at the Singapore
Airshow on 11 February.
Dubbed Super Heron HF
(Heavy Fuel), the upgraded plat­
form features a new 200 hp pow-
erplant from Italian company
Diesel Jet (part of the Fiat group).
Speaking at the public unveiling,
Unveiled at the Singapore Airshow, the Super Heron HF has been fitted with
a number of enhancements to improve performance.
ber of different options [in terms
of weaponry and configurations]
for a gunship. The marines are
always interested in every new
capability [for the V-22],” he said.
While the concept is still in its
early stages, Col Ropella hinted
that the CV-22 may be fitted
with forward-firing missiles, but
beyond that he did not reveal
any further details. However,
when asked about the possibility
of high-energy weapons, such as
lasers, being fitted, he said: “All
things are on the table. Some
engineers at NAVAIR [Naval Air
Systems Command] probably
have dreams about [lasers] on
the V-22.”
IAI President and CEO Joseph
Weiss said the switch from stan­
dard aviation fuel over to diesel
for the Super Heron was done
following customer feedback.
“Customers wanted a less
flammable fuel for increased
safety,” he said
As well as improving safety,
the new diesel powerplant has
afforded the Super Heron HF a
number of performance enhance­
ments, including an increased
ihs.com/janes
Given the V-2 2’s tiltrotor
configuration and nearly 12m
diameter rotorblades, forward-
firing munitions could not be
carried on underwing hardpoints.
Instead, the aircraft would either
have to employ ramp-mounted or
cargo bay-stored canister muni­
tions, similar to those carried by
the USMC’s KC-130J Harvest
HAWK Hercules gunship, or
sponson-mounted stub-wings.
A side-firing cannon/machine
gun could be fitted, but this
would involve some structural re­
modelling as the V-22 does not
have a paratrooper door on the
left-side aircraft fuselage and the
door on the right side is located
forward of the rotors, which
would present safety issues for
the aircraft. ■
rate of climb, a top speed of 150
kt (compared to 125 kt), and
increased maximum take-off
weight of 1,450 kg (compared to
1,250 kg).
Further to the new engine,
the Super Heron HF features
triple-redundant avionic systems,
a more varied payload set, and
winglets (a first for an IAI UAV).
These winglets increase the
aircraft’s endurance beyond the
45 hours of the baseline Heron 1,
although Weiss declined to quan­
tify this particular improvement.
Having made its maiden flight
in October 2013, the Super
Heron HF has received “real”
interest from both current Heron
operators and others, said Weiss,
adding: “It is already practically
operational,” Weiss told reporters.
Gareth Jennings Jane’s
Aviation Desk Editor, Singapore
ihs.com/janes
ihs.com/janes
Rafael launches Iron Beam
GARETH JENNINGS Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor
SINGAPORE
Rafael Advanced Defense
Systems has unveiled its Iron
Beam high-energy laser (HEL)
system designed to defeat
rockets, mortars, and un­
manned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
at short ranges.
The land-based system, which
was unveiled at the Singapore
Airshow on 11 February, uses a
pair of multi-kilowatt solid-state
lasers to defeat incoming projec­
tiles out to a range of about 2 km,
a company official told IHS Jane’s.
The mobile Iron Beam battery
comprises an air defence radar, a
command and control (C2) unit,
and two HEL systems, explained
Senderovits Ezra, deputy general
manager of marketing and busi­
ness development at Rafael.
Company-supplied imagery of
the truck-mounted battery shows
these various components housed
in ISO shipping containers,
although the actual configuration
of Iron Beam would depend on
the customer’s requirements.
Diehl confident Germany IMI unveils glide bomb
ready to approve LaGS for CAS aircraft
Diehl BGT’s Laser-Guided
Sidewinder (LaGS) will enter
service with the Luftwaffe in
2015-16 if the German gov­
ernment green-lights funds
for its development, a com­
pany official told IHS Jane’s
at the Singapore Airshow
2014.
Gerhard Dussler, head of mar­
keting for Airborne Systems at
Diehl BGT, said the programme
to retool legacy AIM-9L Side­
winders for a ground-attack role
was in the development phase
but would move forward if, as
expected, the German govern­
ihs.oom/ianes
SINGAPORE AIRSHOW 2014 «
“It is currently a truck-
mounted system that is being
used as a testbed, but it could just
as easily be fitted to an armoured
vehicle or some other configura­
tion”, Ezra said.
Once Iron Beam’s air defence
radar (any radar will suffice, Ezra
noted) acquires an incoming pro­
jectile, a thermal camera takes
over the tracking until the target
is engaged simultaneously by two
HELs. The system uses two lasers
to provide the power needed to
overcome atmospheric interfer­
ence and physically destroy the
target, which it does by focusing
the beams on an area “about the
size of a coin”, Ezra said.
Ezra declined to give specific
power levels for the HELs, except
to say that Rafael is currently
working with “tens of kilowatts”,
but expects to move into the
“hundreds of kilowatts” in the
future. Rafael does not produce
the lasers itself, but sources them
from several unnamed suppliers.
ment provided funds.
“Indications are strong and
clear that the government will
sign”, he said.
Describing it as a “sexy
solution” for the Eurofighter
Typhoon, Dussler said interna­
tional marketing for the LaGS
programme, which modifies
the AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air
missile by replacing its infrared
guidance system with a semi­
active laser (SAL) seeker and
guidance unit, would start once
the German contract was signed.
James Hardy JDW Asia-
Pacific Editor, Singapore
As Ezra noted, Iron Beam is
still a development programme
and is not yet a finished product.
“We are currently focused on
understanding the technology
and we are at the beginning of a
very long road,” he said, adding:
“We are waiting for more power­
ful lasers, but the investment
from the [Israeli] government
right now is limited.”
Ezra said that tests conducted
to date have met with “a very
good” success rate. He noted
that about 100 firings have so far
taken place.
According to Ezra, the HEL-
based Iron Beam has a number of
advantages over more conven­
tional missile-based systems.
“Missile defence systems are
hugely expensive,” he said, “but
with Iron Beam each shot costs
almost nothing, and there are no
real limits on the number of shots
you can take.” He also noted that,
unlike missile-based systems, Iron
Beam cannot miss its target and
cause collateral damage.
As the system is still in
development, it has not yet been
Israeli Military Industries
(IMI) unveiled a new class of
small glide bombs designed
for close air support (CAS)
aircraft at the Singapore Air­
show 2014.
Known as Fastlight, IMI
claims the ordnance promises
precision-strike capabilities
against stationary targets in all
weather conditions. “The bombs
completed successful field tests
only recently,” Dan Ze’evi, IMI’s
director for marketing commu­
nications and information, told
IHS Jane’s on 13 February.
Fastlight has have been
19 February 2014 Jane's Defence Weekly | 9
An artist’s impression of Iron Beam’s
twin HEL units engaging an inbound
projectile. Rafael:1529220
determined how it might fit
into Israel’s multi-tiered missile
defence system, which includes
Iron Dome, David’s Sling, and the
Arrow 3. Ezra noted that this is a
decision for the government take
at the appropriate time, but he
added that Iron Beam might be
deployed as a stand-alone system
to protect particular high-value
assets.
With Iron Beam being a defen­
sive system, Ezra said he expects
it to be offered for export and
noted that Rafael has received
interest from a number of poten­
tial customers. “There is defi­
nitely a market [for Iron Beam],
and that market is growing,” he
said. “The number of threats is
growing, and not everything can
be dealt with by missiles.” ■
designed for ejection from
smaller aircraft and comes in
100 lb and 300 lb variants. The
ordnance can be guided by either
GPS or semi-active laser and
integrated with different types
of warhead. IMI has specified a
25 m lethal radius for Fastlight
and guarantees an accuracy of
10 m CEP.
Ze’evi told IHS Jane’s that the
glide bombs have received sig­
nificant interest from operators
in the region.
Ridzwan Rahmat
JDW Asia-Pacific Naval
Reporter, Singapore
» SINGAPORE AIRSHOW 2014
China, US lack
‘clarity’ on Asia-
Pacific strategies
JAMES HARDY JDW Asia-Pacific Editor
SINGAPORE
China and the United States
should be less ambiguous
in defining their strategic
positions in the Asia-Pacific
region, according to Richard
Bitzinger, a senior fellow at
the S Rajaratnam School of
International Studies (RSIS).
Bitzinger, a panellist at the
Asia Pacific Security Conference
in Singapore on 10 February, sees
a “need for greater clarity” from
China as it becomes a great power
and from the United States in
defining its ‘pivot’ or ‘rebalance’
to the Asia Pacific.
Bitzinger was speaking along­
side Andrew Shapiro, a former
US assistant secretary of state for
political-military affairs, and Dr
Ruan Zongze, a former Chi­
nese diplomat and current vice
president of the China Institute
of International Studies, on the
panel ‘Rethinking Sino-American
Strategies: Implications for
Regional Security’.
KHI to promote export variant of C-2
Kawasaki Heavy Industries
(KHI) is offering for export a
version of its C-2 military trans­
port aircraft to meet growing
medium-airlift requirements
in the Asia Pacific, Takumi
Kobayashi, a KHI senior execu­
tive, has told IHS Jane’s.
Speaking at the Singapore Air­
show on 11 February, he said KHI
has offered the platform - dubbed
YCX - to several governments
looking to procure medium-lift
10 i Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
• A Singapore-based academic
has accused China and the
United States of ‘failing to
provide clarity’ on their
strategies in the Asia Pacific
• Richard Bitzinger said unclear
communication was raising
unnecessary tensions in the
region
Shapiro outlined the key ele­
ments of the ‘pivot’: “more visits,
more engagement” by senior offi­
cials; home porting of US Navy
ships in Singapore; the US Marine
Corps redeployment to Darwin;
and discussions about US use of
Philippine facilities. The main
intention is “better support for
our partners in Southeast Asia”,
he said. However, “it is not just
about China. It’s not a new Cold
War where each statement by
one side is a counterbalance to
the other,” he added.
The region shows “greater
concern” at China’s behaviour
and has questions on how unified
Chinese policy is on regional
security issues, said Shapiro. One
transport aircraft. KHI is in talks
with the Japanese government in
a bid to win approval to sell the
aircraft in these international
markets, he added.
Japan has long-standing rules
that effectively ban the export
of military equipment, although
Kobayashi noted that it is “pos­
sible to export dual-use equip­
ment” such as the YCX.
“The Asia-Pacific region is a
very promising market for this
example, he said, was the roll-out
of the Chengdu J-20 fighter in
January 2012 during then US
defence secretary Robert Gates’
visit to Beijing. According to
Gates, the Chinese civilian lead­
ership “apparently had no idea” it
was being planned, said Shapiro.
Ruan pointed out that it was
the 35th anniversary of Sino-US
diplomatic normalisation, which
he described as a “game changer”.
However, Nixon-era rapproche­
ment was built on “opposing
something - what you might call
the Soviet threat - but now we
are committed to building some­
thing” with the US, said Ruan.
Bitzinger identified a “greater
need for clarity in enunciating
their policies”. Despite recent
efforts, China is an “overwhelm­
ingly opaque system... that has
not done a good job of justifying”
its strategic intentions or defen­
sive developments to the outside
world, he said, adding: “Chinese
behaviour can be very perplexing
for its neighbours.” However, the
US has also done a poor job of
explaining its strategy and poli­
cies in the region, he added.
“The pivot has often been
fitfully enunciated and has
raised more questions than it has
answered,” said Bitzinger.
“Both countries share respon­
sibility to improve transparency
and to remove strategic uncer­
tainty,” he concluded. ■
aircraft because of the extensive
requirements for airlift aircraft,”
he said. “We have responded to
some international requests for
information with the export ver­
sion of the C-2 and, based on this,
we are talking to the [Japanese]
government about applying for
a certificate that would allow us
to sell the aircraft to an interna­
tional customer.”
Jon Grevatt Jane’s Asia-
Pacific Industry Analyst, Bangkok
ihs.com/janes
»In brief
Indonesia turns to N219
Indonesian aerospace company PT
Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero) officials
have said an Indonesian Navy (TNI-
AL) naval aviation unit is replacing
up to 20 of its ageing twin-engine
turboprop ASTA/GAF Nomad maritime
patrol aircraft with Persero’s N219
platform. Persero spokesperson Teguh
Graito said that the Indonesian govern­
ment plans to replace between 15-20
Nomads from the Skuadron Udara
800 unit with the N219s.
Brunei to acquire CN235-220s
The Royal Brunei Air Force (RBAF)
is set to acquire three CN235-220
aircraft from Indonesian aerospace
company PT Dirgantara Indonesia
(Persero) for maritime patrol and
anti-submarine (ASW) operations.
Persero spokesperson Teguh Graito
told IHS Jane’s on 12 February at
the Singapore Airshow that he had
received strong indications from the
RBAF that it had come to a decision.
Acquisition details are expected to be
finalised soon.
RSAF to receive last M-346s
The Republic of Singapore Air Force
(RSAF) will receive the final two of 12
Alenia Aermacchi M-346 advanced
jet trainers in March 2014, ST Aero­
space announced at the Singapore
Airshow on 12 February. A total of 10
M-346 trainers have been delivered,
along with ground-based training
systems and logistics support since
deliveries began in 2012.
AW secures Philippine contract
AgustaWestland (AW), a Finmeccan­
ica company, has secured an order
from the Philippine Navy (PN) for two
more AW109 maritime helicopters,
continuing the company's recent suc­
cess in the market. Announced at the
Singapore Airshow on 12 February,
the contract brings the PN’s AW109
orders up to five aircraft and comes
just three months after AgustaWest­
land announced a deal to supply eight
AW109s to the Philippine Air Force.
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
USMC reviews
crisis response
MAGTF lessons
DANIEL WASSERBLY JDW Americas Editor_________________________
WASHINGTON, DC
The Pentagon and US Marine
Corps (USMC) are considering
doubling down on a special-
purpose task force construct
by establishing more units
and making them permanent,
with an outgoing commander
praising the force’s mobility
but saying he would like an on-
the-move planning capability.
In 2013, in response to a
deadly attack on the US Embassy
in Benghazi, Libya, the USMC
set up a Special-Purpose Marine
Air Ground Task Force - Crisis
Response (SP MAGTF-CR) in
Moron, Spain, as an asset allo­
cated to US Africa Command.
Pentagon and USMC leader­
ship are now mulling additional
SP MAGTF-CRs for US South-
Payload delay hits GPS III deadline
§ effort, called GPS III, would still
i
GPS III Non-Flight Satellite Testbed.
The USAF is hoping delays to the
GPS III effort can be caught up.
ihs.com/janes
• Additional SP MAGTF-CRs are
being considered for Latin
America and the Middle East
• An in-flight collaborative
planning capability could help
the force make better use of
its long trips, the outgoing
commander has said
ern Command and US Central
Command.
USMC spokesman Captain Eric
Flanagan said that units for those
commands are still “conceptual”,
but the corps is considering vari­
ous options because combatant
commanders appear interested in
the specific capability.
The unit in Spain is designed
to deter or rapidly react to a crisis
The navigation payload for
the US military’s next genera­
tion of GPS satellites is likely
to be delivered late, delaying
the system’s ‘initial launch
capability date’ that was to be
before the end of fiscal year
2014 (FY 2014).
General William Shelton, head
of the US Air Force’s Space Com­
mand, said he was “not happy at
all about the navigation] payload
slipping” and was growing
impatient with the programme,
but that he believes the overall
be successful.
“With what we know right
now, anyway, we don’t believe
THE AMERICAS «
and conduct theatre security
co-operation events to become
more familiar with local forces,
Colonel Scott Benedict, com­
mander of the 24th Marine Expe­
ditionary Unit (MEU) and the
most recent commander of the
SP MAGTF-CR, told reporters on
12 February.
That force is meant to comple­
ment other forward-deployed
marine units but is land-based and
consists of about 550 marines,
six Bell-Boeing MV-22B Osprey
tiltrotors, and two Lockheed
Martin KC-13 OJ aerial refuelling
aircraft. The United States has
reportedly asked Spain if it can
grow the unit by about 50%.
Col Benedict noted that the
task force’s long reach is its major
advantage but said he would like
to use the ‘dead time’ during
flight for continuous collabora­
tive planning.
The USMC and other services
are working on efforts to better
connect in-flight aircraft to
command-and-control networks,
but Col Benedict believes this
will become increasingly neces­
sary as units such as the SP
MAGTF-CR are able to cover ever
greater distances. ■
that there’s going to be an overall
impact to the constellation from
that late delivery,” Gen Shelton
said during a 7 February Air Force
Association meeting.
“First available launch is going
to slip, but we’re only at four
of 12 of our GPS IIFs [placed in
orbit] that we have bought, so
we think we’re going to be in OK
shape here,” he said. The GPS IIF
is the most recent satellite to join
the GPS constellation, which has
31 satellites in orbit, although
some are growing old.
GPS III spacecraft are meant
to replace those legacy satellites
now in orbit and are to be three
times more accurate and employ
19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 11
USCG awards
OPC contracts
to three firms
The US Coast Guard (USCG) has
awarded preliminary design
contracts to three companies for
its Offshore Patrol Cutter (OPC).
The contracts, worth USD65
million in total, were awarded on 11
February to Bollinger Shipyards, East­
ern Shipbuilding Group, and General
Dynamics Bath Iron Works.
With an expected procurement of
25 vessels, the OPC programme is
the largest acquisition project that
the coastguard has ever undertaken.
The OPCs are intended to replace the
USCG’s medium endurance cutter
fleet, comprising 13 Famous Cutter-
class and 14 Reliance-class ships.
USCG officials are following a
two-phase ‘design-build’ strat­
egy to acquire the OPC. Phase I
encompasses execution of the three
preliminary design contracts and, once
those are evaluated, the USCG intends
to select one contractor for Phase II:
detail design and ship construction.
Grace Jean Jane’s Naval
Reporter, Washington, DC
a new civil signal that would be
interoperable with international
global systems.
Gen Shelton said that he felt
the programme remained on a
solid footing because the launch
date may not be long delayed and
the missed deadline was “when on
contract they are supposed to pro­
vide that vehicle to us”. Lockheed
Martin is the prime contractor and
Exelis the subcontractor develop­
ing the navigation payload.
“We hadn’t intended to launch
this thing until into [20] 15,”
Gen Shelton said. “We haven’t
determined exactly what the slip
is going to be; maybe we can still
make what was going to be our
date.”
Daniel Wasserbly JDW
Americas Editor, Washington, DC
» THE AMERICAS
Brazil set to
buy RBS 70
systems
The Brazilian Army is scheduled
to sign a contract soon with
Sweden’s Saab Dynamics to buy
RBS 70 man-portable surface-
to-air missile systems, a military
source close to the programme
told IHS Jane’s on 11 February.
The package, worth around
BRL28 million (USD11.6 million),
will be firmed through the Brazilian
Army Commission in Washington and
include 16 man-portable tripod-
mounted launchers equipped with
a thermal imager, an undisclosed
number of Mk2 laser beam-riding
missiles, simulators, a test bench,
maintenance tools, spares, and train­
ing services.
The RBS 70 will be integrated into
the army's shelter-mounted mobile
anti-aircraft artillery command-and-
control system (COAAe) and coupled
to SABER M60 3D surveillance and
target acquisition radars. Twelve
COAAe and 17 SABER M60 systems
have already been received.
Victor Barreira
JDW Correspondent, Lisbon
DOT&E report calls for
realistic JLENS tests
In its latest report the US
Department of Defense’s
Director of Operational Test
& Evaluation (DOT&E) noted
Raytheon’s Joint Land Attack
Cruise Missile Defense El­
evated Netted Sensor System
(JLENS) programme needs to
undergo operationally realistic
testing, improve reliability,
and demonstrate survivability
in an operational environment.
The DOT&E expressed
special concern that testing
had been limited, leading to a
“restricted demonstration of
12 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
USACE expecting
post-2014 role
in Afghanistan
DANIEL WASSERBLY JDW Americas Editor_________________________________
WASHINGTON, DC
The US Army Corps of Engin­
eers (USACE) expects to
remain in Afghanistan after
2014 regardless of whether or
not a new security agreement
can be codified between the
US and Afghan governments.
Current mandates for the US
military and NATO expire at the
end of 2014 and Afghan Presi­
dent Hamid Karzai has to date
been unwilling to sign a bilateral
security agreement (BSA) that
was reached late last year and is
necessary to keep US forces in
the country.
Still, with or without a BSA the
USACE believes it will have some
role in Afghanistan after 2014 in
order to finalise various Foreign
Military Sales and aid projects,
Lieutenant General Thomas
JLENS’ capabilities” so far.
“Interoperability has been
minimally tested and demon­
strated,” according to the report.
“All testing occurred in remote,
mid-country locations; there­
fore, no testing occurred in an
operationally realistic over-water
environment or in its intended
Electronic Environmental Effects
environment,” the report added.
Data collected during devel­
opmental testing showed that
JLENS was not meeting pro­
gramme reliability goals, accord­
ing to the DOT&E.
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
• Several major projects are
still incomplete and the
USACE hopes to finish them
regardless of a BSA
• The corps can work on some
projects vicariously through
Afghan Quality Assistance
engineers
Bostick, the USACE commander,
told reporters during a meeting
on 11 February.
US forces withdrew from
Iraq because of a lack of a new
status of forces agreement, but
some Foreign Military Sales
officers and engineers remain in
Baghdad working from the US
embassy there.
“If there is not a BSA [between
the US and Afghanistan], and
US Army soldiers conduct tests of Raytheon’s JLENS at Dugway Proving
Grounds in Utah.
Mike Nachshen, a Raytheon
spokesperson, said the company
had tackled issues identified in
the DOT&E report.
“Working closely with our army
customer, Raytheon identified
and resolved the issues raised in
unless we are directed otherwise,
I suspect there will be some sort
of embassy just like we have
in Iraq, and through the State
Department we would execute
our missions using Quality
Assistance engineers that are
Afghans,” Gen Bostick explained.
Although the corps would
first need guidance from the
US government, Gen Bostick
believes a smaller footprint of
USACE civilian and some mili­
tary personnel would remain in
Afghanistan to guide the local
Quality Assistance engineers, or
QAs, in their efforts.
Afghan QA engineers must go
through a training programme
and a capability assessment.
The USACE has about USD 1.7
billion worth of work, 250
projects, that still need to be
completed in Afghanistan. “The
challenge is to complete all that
work in the time that we have,”
Gen Bostick said.
He noted that some projects,
such as electrical work, require
on-the-ground expertise from
the USACE and therefore the
corps is trying to complete those
efforts before the larger US force,
and the security it provides,
departs at the end of 2 014. ■
US Army: 1441223
the DOT&E report during the
JLENS development programme,”
he said. “We look forward to
validating the fixes during the
upcoming operational evaluation.”
Geoff Fein Jane's C4ISR
Senior Reporter, Washington, DC
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
Turkey reforms
military laws
The Turkish Parliament passed a
key set of amendments to laws
governing the country’s military
on 11 February.
The most significant reform is to
exclusively empower the Supreme
State Council to try the chief of the
general staff and service command­
ers on any crimes related to their
profession. The move means that the
prime minister will need to personally
approve any trial of the chief of the
general staff, or the commanders of
Turkey’s army, navy and air force.
Permission to try the commander
of the Turkish Gendarmerie will be
restricted to the interior minister.
The bill, though delayed, has
been adopted in line with a change
made in a 2010 constitutional reform
package that gave the Supreme State
Council jurisdiction over trials involv­
ing military force commanders.
However, speaking to IHS Jane’s,
retired military judge Omit Kardas
said that the bill carries a danger that
senior military personnel may refrain
from criticising government mistakes
in return for effective immunity from
prosecution themselves.
The law also authorised the term
of duty of service commanders to
be extended several times until they
reach retirement age.
Lale Sariibrahimoglu
JDW Correspondent, Ankara
Poland planning Su-22 service life extension
Poland is looking to extend
the service life of its 32
Soviet-built Sukhoi Su-22M
‘Fitter-K’ strike aircraft, Polish
Minister of Defence Tomasz
Siemoniak said on 12 Febru­
ary during a visit to the 21st
Air Base in Swidwin.
Siemoniak said the Polish Air
Force would begin to assess the
future of the Polish Su-22 fleet
and whether to extend their
ihs.com/janes
Carrier overspend
hits UK defence
procurement
TIM RIPLEY JDW Correspondent
LONDON
Cost overruns of GBP754 mil­
lion on the UK project to build
two Queen Elizabeth-class air­
craft carriers (USD1.25 billion)
were the most salient feature
to emerge from the annual
Major Projects Report pub­
lished by the UK National Audit
Office (NAO) on 13 February.
In its study of the 11 larg­
est UK defence procurement
projects, the NAO said that, with
the exception of the aircraft car­
riers, the Ministry of Defence’s
(MoD’s) largest projects have not
service life by three or 10 years.
This decision will be made by
mid-March 2014, IHS Jane’s
understands.
Poland had been planning to
withdraw its Su-22s from service
in2014or2015. These plans
included the replacement of the
‘Fitters’ with up to three squad­
rons of unmanned air vehicles
(UAVs) and one squadron of 16
multirole jet aircraft by 2018.
• The cost of the UK MoD’s
11 largest projects rose by
GBP0.7 billion in 2013
• However, excluding the cost of
the UK’s new aircraft carriers,
costs fell by GBP46 million
shown significant increases in
costs over the year and only small
in-year delays.
“However, there remains a leg­
acy of large complex projects that
have already suffered significant
cost increases and delays. Despite
the increased stability there are
still risks to affordability,” said
NAO head Amyas Morse on 13
A GBP754
million rise
in the costs
of the UK’s
new aircraft
carriers
marred an
otherwise
largely
positive year
for the MoD.
IHS Jane’s understands that the
‘Fitters’ will not receive a major
upgrade but will be refurbished
and equipped with a second
radio communication system;
an instrument landing system
(ILS); and a tactical air naviga­
tion system (TACAN). This would
extend their service life from
3,000 to 4,000 flight hours,
allowing them to remain in
service until 2024-26. According
19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 13
EUROPE «
February. “Most significantly the
department has not subjected
the half of its equipment budget
related to support [costs] to the
same degree of scrutiny as its
procurement costs. Nor can it
be certain that the impact of a
GBP 1.2 billion underspend on
equipment and support in [finan­
cial year] 2012-13 will not cause
some increased cost and delay
further down the line.”
The report shows that during
the year up March 2013 there
was a net increase in costs of
GBP708 million in respect of
the 11 projects included in the
review. The main contribution
to this was a GBP7 54 million
increase in the cost of the carri­
ers. Without the carriers, there
was a net cost decrease of GBP46
million across the 10 remaining
projects.
Three of the projects expe­
rienced delays during the year
amounting to 17 months. This
takes the total forecast delay
to the in-service date for these
nine projects to 301 months: an
increase of 21% in the forecast
time to complete the projects
since approval.
Responding to the report,
Defence Secretary Philip Ham­
mond said the NAO’s report “is
clear evidence that better finan­
cial discipline across the MoD is
having a positive effect on the
way we procure equipment for
our armed forces”. ■
to Siemoniak, the upgrade will be
conducted by WZL-2.
The Su-22 still provides a
unique capability to the Polish
Air Force, being its only aircraft
equipped for electronic warfare
functions.
Remigiusz Wilk
JDW Correspondent, Warsaw
fF Go to ihs.com/ianes for
more of this story
» EUROPE
Russia ready to export Iskander-E
KARL SOPER JDW Correspondent
WASHINGTON, DC
Russia’s Design Bureau of
Machine Building (KBM) is
ready to offer the Iskander-E
(SS-26 ‘Stone’) tactical bal­
listic missile system for sale
abroad, general director and
designer Valery Kashin told
state news agency ITAR-TASS
on 7 February.
This is not the first time KBM
has promoted Iskander-E on the
international market. Kashin
said KBM worked on one export
contract several years ago but
France orders 250 more Iveco PPTs
France’s defence procure­
ment agency (DGA) has
ordered 250 additional Iveco
Porteur Polyvalent Terrestre
(PPT) military trucks, it an­
nounced on 6 February.
The PPT, based on a purpose-
designed 8x8 Iveco tactical
chassis, is replacing the French
Army’s ageing fleet of Renault
Trucks Defense 6x6 Vehicule de
Transport Logistique (VTL) and
6x6 TRM 10000 trucks.
Iveco is part of a consortium
for the PPT programme led by
French firm Soframe (part of
the Lohr group), which is in
charge of the integration of
specific equipment to meet
French requirements.
Soframe and Iveco won their
first contract for France’s PPT
programme in December 2010
with a DGA order for 200
vehicles. The first vehicles were
delivered in June 2013 and
quickly saw service in Mali. So
far, 80 PPTs have been delivered.
This second order for 250
PPTs, placed on 24 January,
was included within the French
defence programming act (LPM),
14 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
• KBM is to again promote the
Iskander-E tactical ballistic
missile system on the
international market
• Armenia recently appeared
to confirm its interest in
purchasing the system, which
has a range of 280 km
it was not signed for political
reasons, referring to an abortive
effort to sell the missile to Syria
in themid-2000s.
The Iskander-E has a range of
280 km and a 40Q kg conven­
tional payload to comply with
which set out a requirement for
450 vehicles delivered by 2019.
The French Army’s requirement
totals about 1,600 PPTs, with the
remainder to be ordered in the
next LPM session (post-2019).
The PPT’s requirements have
been updated following the older
French Army trucks’ experiences
in Afghanistan, where logistics
vehicles were often targeted. In
addition to strong mobility, range
(1,200 km), and payload (37
tonnes) characteristics, the PPT
now provides improved levels of
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
Missile Technology Control
Regime limits.
A long-term procurement con­
tract from the Russian Ministry
of Defence (MoD) forced KBM
to stop marketing the Iskander-E
abroad, according to Kashin.
Under the MoD contract KBM
is equipping two missile brigades
each year with the domestic-vari-
ant Iskander-M for a total of 10
brigades before the end of 2017.
Brigade sets were delivered in
June and November 2013.
The KBM chief said output
has increased four- to five-fold to
meet Russian military demand
France has
ordered
a second
batch of 250
PPT military
trucks in the
PPLOG variant
(pictured).
protection and can be armed with
a MAG 58 7.62 machine gun.
The PPT is offered in two
variants: Porteur Polyvalent
Logistique (PPLOG) for freight
transport and the Porteur Polyva­
lent Lourd de Depannage (PPLD)
vehicle recovery version.
The first batch consisted of
150 PPLOGs and 50 PPLD PPTs.
This second batch includes just
the PPLOG variant, which has an
unprotected cabin.
Guillaume Belan
JDW Correspondent, Paris
and the design bureau is again
promoting the Iskander-E.
He added that he has received
inquiries, but cautioned that
foreign buyers should not expect
a sale before 2 015. One potential
export customer could be Arme­
nia, which recently appeared to
confirm its interest in purchasing
the system.
On 10 February Kashin told
ITAR-TASS that KBM is devel­
oping a new missile for the
Iskander system but declined to
elaborate. Currently, the Iskan­
der is fielded with ballistic or
cruise (Iskander-K) missiles. ■
Alenia’s M-346
passes Polish
Air Force tests
The Polish Ministry of Defence
announced on 10 February that
the Alenia Aermacchi M-346
Master advanced jet trainer has
formally passed all of its test cri­
teria and has duly been selected
as Poland’s new advanced jet
trainer (AJT).
A contract for eight AJTs with
a comprehensive training package
(plus an option for four more aircraft)
is now expected later this month.
The Italian-made aircraft will replace
Poland’s obsolete TS-11 Iskrajet
trainers from 2016-17.
On 20 November Poland
announced that Alenia Aermacchi's
bid for the AJT programme, which
is valued at USD377.27 million, had
beaten the BAE Systems Hawk AJT
and Lockheed Martin UK/Korea
Aerospace Industries T-50 Golden
Eagle proposals. Poland will become
the fourth user of the M-346, which
has also been ordered by Israel, Italy,
and Singapore.
Remigiusz Wilk
JDW Correspondent, Warsaw
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
PAC signs Super
Mushshak trainer
deal with Iraq
FARHAN BOKHARI JDW Correspondent
ISLAMABAD
The Pakistan Air Force (PAF)-
run Pakistan Aeronautical
Complex (PAC) at Kamra,
which is just north of Islam­
abad, signed an agreement
with the Iraqi Air Force (IQAF)
on 10 February to supply an
unspecified number of its
Super Mushshak basic
trainer aircraft to Iraq: the
first aircraft deal between the
two countries.
The agreement was signed by
IQAF Commander General Anwer
Hamad Ameen Ahmad Ahmed
and Air Marshal Suhail Gul
Khan, the PAC chairman, at the
Islamabad residence of Pakistani
Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, who
witnessed the signing.
Although the PAF did not
reveal the number of aircraft
DRDO to test a number of new missile systems
India’s Defence Research
and Development Organisa­
tion (DRDO) plans to test
several indigenously designed
missile systems over the
coming months.
DRDO head Avinash Chander
told IHS Jane’s at Defexpo in New
Delhi on 6 February that the
nuclear-capable Agni 5 inter-
mediate-range ballistic missile
(IRBM), which has a 5,000 km
strike range, would be inducted
into service by 2015 following
two or three additional test fir­
ings by the year-end.
“Agni 5’s canister-launched
version will be tested before the
ihs.com/janes
• Pakistan has agreed to supply
Iraq with Super Mushshak
basic trainer aircraft
• The purchase, which is the
first aircraft deal between
the two countries, could
mark the first step to a future
agreement involving the JF-17
Thunder fighter
ordered or their price under the
agreement, a senior defence
ministry official told IHS Jane’s
that Pakistan will sell 20 Super
Mushshak aircraft to the IQAF.
The official added that a separate
agreement was signed between
the PAF and the IQAF under
which the PAF will train Iraq’s air
force personnel, including those
with air-defence duties.
missile goes into series produc­
tion to provide it greater opera­
tional flexibility and render it less
detectable,” said Chander.
The 17.5 m tall, solid-fuelled,
three-stage Agni 5 weighs around
50 tonnes and has been success­
fully test-fired twice since April
2012. It forms part of India’s
retaliatory, no-first-use strategic
deterrent based on nuclear weap­
ons deliverable by sea-, air- and
mobile land-based assets.
Alongside this the DRDO aims
to test-fire the Nirbhay - an indig­
enously designed cruise missile
similar to the US Tomahawk
subsonic cruise missile - to an
ASIA PACIFIC «
The Pakistan Aeronautical Complex has signed an agreement to supply what
is believed to be 20 Super Mushshak basic trainers to the IQAF.
“This is a major success for
our aircraft industry. After Saudi
Arabia, this is the second impor­
tant agreement for the Mush­
shak aircraft,” said the official,
referring to a previous deal for
the sale of 20 Super Mushshaks
to Saudi Arabia.
Both Pakistani and Western
officials in Islamabad suggested
the Super Mushshak deal could
lay the basis for a possible
future agreement to supply
Iraq with the JF-17 Thunder
fighter, which is co-produced
by Pakistan and China. Pakistan
has marketed the JF-17 as a
relatively economical alternative
to Western aircraft.
IHS Jane’s recently reported
that Pakistan was also in discus­
sions with Saudi Arabia regard­
anticipated range of 1,000 km.
The Nirbhay’s maiden
test-firing in March 2013 was
aborted after it deviated from its
pre-determined path some 20
minutes after launch. Defence
Minister A K Antony told parlia­
ment in May 2013 that the Nirb­
hay’s inertial navigation system
had malfunctioned.
The Nirbhay is believed to be
nuclear-capable.
Chander said the Nirbhay would
initially be fitted onto Indian Navy
warships but that land-, air- and
underwater-launched variants
would be developed.
Additionally, Chander said
19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 15
ing the supply of an unspecified
number of JF-17s and Al-Khalid
main battle tanks.
“In the long run Pakistan will
surely look for opportunities to
export the JF-17 to Iraq if there
was such an opportunity in
future,” one Western official in
Islamabad told IHS Jane’s. “That
could be the natural next step
to the agreement [for the Super
Mushshak] with Iraq.”
The PAF plans to induct
between 150 and 250 JF-17s,
with final deliveries expected
by 2018-20. Any future agree­
ment to supply Iraq - or any
export customer - with JF-17s
could only involve immediate
deliveries in this timeframe if
the PAF opted to delay some of
its own orders. ■
trials of the air-launched
version of the BrahMos cruise
missile, which the DRDO has
jointly developed with Russia,
would begin on Indian Sukhoi
Su-30MKI fighters by April
and be completed by the year-
end. Trials of the submarine-
launched version of BrahMos,
which has a 292 km range, are
continuing with Russian assis­
tance, Chander added.
Rahul Bedi
JDW Correspondent,
New Delhi
Go to ihs.com/ianes for
more
» ASIA PACIFIC
Turkey and
Indonesia
to develop
medium tank
Indonesia and Turkey signed an
agreement in Jakarta, Indonesia,
on 6 February to jointly develop a
new medium tank.
Turkish company FNSS Savunma
Sistemleri will work with local com­
pany PT Pindad to develop the tank
for the Indonesian Army.
It is understood that the new tank
will be of a conventional design,
fitted with a turret armed with a 105
mm rifled gun and 7.62 mm co-axial
machine gun (MG) coupled to a
computerised fire-control system. For
ease of deployment in Indonesia it is
expected to have a combat weight of
about 25 tonnes.
Indonesia is already taking delivery
from Germany’s Rheinmetall of 103
Leopard 2 main battle tanks (MBTs),
42 Marder 1 A3 infantry fighting
vehicles (IFVs), plus support vehicles,
with first deliveries of the MBTs and
IFVs from late in 2013,
The production of a new medium
tank would enable the Indonesian
Army to field a more deployable
vehicle than the Leopard 2 MBT and
replace its AMX-13 light tanks, the
design of which is now more than 60
years old.
Christopher F Foss
Jane's Land Consultant, London
Pakistan-Taliban peace talks falter
Recently launched peace talks
between the Pakistani govern­
ment of Prime Minister Nawaz
Sharif and Taliban militants
suffered a major setback on 11
February when at least 10 peo­
ple were killed and 20 injured
in a suspected Taliban attack
that targeted a cinema in the
northern city of Peshawar.
The mid-afternoon attack
16 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
India’s IJT and
FGFA projects fall
behind schedule
RAHUL BEDI JDW Correspondent
NEW DELHI
Two crucial Indian Air Force
(IAF) programmes - the indig­
enous development of an in­
termediate jet trainer (IJT) and
co-development of the Fifth
Generation Fighter (FGFA)
with Russia - are considerably
delayed, Defence Minister A K
Antony told India’s parliament
on 10 February.
Antony said time overruns in
developing the IJT had compelled
the Centre for Airworthiness
and Certification in Bangalore to
recommend extending the opera­
tional life of the IAF’s ageing
Hindustan Jet Trainer (HJT)-16
The fifth PAK-FA prototype, pictured in November 2013. India’s FGFA is to be
based on the PAK-FA, but the programme is being delayed by workshare and
cost disagreements with the Russians.
took place when at least 50
people were inside the cinema
watching a film. Although the
Taliban denied responsibility to
Pakistan’s news organisations, a
senior Pakistani intelligence offi­
cial told IHS Jane’s that the attack
“has the imprint of the Taliban
written all over it”.
The attack came just three
days after a team of govern­
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
• Time overruns on India’s IJT
programme are forcing the
IAF to extend the service life
of its Kiran fleet
• Workshare and cost
disagreements with the
Russians are also delaying the
FGFA programme
Kiran Mk Is and Mk IIs by four
years, to 2018.
“This will help the IAF in
utilising the [Kiran] fleet until
2018, though in gradually reduc­
ing numbers” Antony declared.
The Hindustan Aeronautics
ment representatives and
representatives of the Tehreek-
e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), the
main umbrella organisation
representing the militants, met
on 8 February at a secret location
in the north Waziristan region
along the Afghan border.
A set of 15 demands handed by
the Taliban to Pakistani govern­
ment representatives on 8 Febru­
Limited (HAL)-designed Kirans
were part of the IAF’s aerobatics
team until 2010-11 but, in the
absence of an IJT, were diverted
to training missions.
The HJT-3 6 Sitara IJT, which
HAL has been developing for
over 14 years, is nowhere near
completion and in January the
IAF approached the defence
ministry to seek an imported
alternative to plug a vital gap in
its pilot training programmne.
Meanwhile, Antony said
delays in the FGFA programme
were due to disagreements with
Russia over workshare and costs
following completion of the
advanced fighter’s preliminary
design phase in mid-2013.
India has a 15% workshare in
the FGFA programme but is com­
mitted to contributing half its
developmental cost, estimated at
around USD11 billion, under the
2007 bilateral Inter-Governmen­
tal Agreement on the project.
Official sources said both
aspects were “unacceptable” to
HAL and the IAF, but that nego­
tiations were continuing.
These setbacks will post­
pone the arrival of three FGFA
prototypes based on the Rus­
sian SukhoiT-50 PAK-FAfor
IAF evaluation. The first FGFA
prototype was scheduled to arrive
in India in 2014. Senior officers,
however, told IHS Jane’s that India
had expressed “concern” to Russia
over the latter’s reluctance to
share FGFA design technology. ■
ary included measures such as the
enforcement of sharia (Islamic
law) in Pakistan, an end to Paki­
stan’s relations with the United
States, and the introduction of an
Islamic-styled economy.
“If you look at the list of
demands, the Taliban clearly seem
to believe they are in a position of
strength,” one Western diplomat
in Islamabad told IHS Jane’s.
Farhan Bokhari
JDW Correspondent,
Islamabad
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
EU mission will focus on
‘small area’ of CAR’s capital
BROOKS TIGNER JDW NATO & EU Affairs Correspondent
BRUSSELS
The EU’s planned six-month
security mission in the Central
African Republic (CAR) will
not be renewed, so “must gain
visible results very quickly”,
according to the operation’s
top military commander.
“That’s the reason why we
have to choose an area of opera­
tion that is not very extensive,”
said French Major General
Philippe Ponties, the mission’s
operation commander, who
briefed reporters in Brussels
on 13 February. “We need to
achieve long-lasting results
because our withdrawal cannot
be tantamount to [creating] a
worse situation.”
AMISOM forces redeploy for new offensive
The African Union Mission in
Somalia (AMISOM) is redepl­
oying some of its forces in
preparation for a new offen­
sive against the militant group
Harakat al-Shabaab al-Muja-
hideen.
Ethiopian troops formally
joined the mission on 22 Janu­
ary, allowing the Ugandan and
Burundian soldiers that have
been responsible for the mis­
sion’s Sector 3 (covering Bay,
Bakool and Gedo provinces) to be
redeployed.
An AMISOM statement said
that 4,395 Ethiopians are now
part of the mission and that the
Burundians will move to Jowhar
in Middle Shabelle (Shabeellaha
Dhexe) province, where they will
establish the new Sector 5, which
was previously part of Sector 1.
The statement said the Ugandans
ihs.com/janes
The deployment of the
battalion-sized EURFOR RCA
mission received final approval
on 10 February and a budget of
EUR29.5 million (USD40.2 mil­
lion). Its primary area of opera­
tions will be the CAR’s capital,
Bangui, and its airport, where an
estimated 100,000 internally
displaced Muslim refugees are
sheltering from militias.
Germany’s Lieutenant General
Wolfgang Wosolsobe, head of the
EU Military Staff (EUMS), said on
11 February: “We are interested
in the whole city of Bangui - that
is our area of operation - but we
will concentrate on a smaller area
that we can transform into a sort
were expected to reinforce their
compatriots in Sector 1, which
now covers Mogadishu (Banadir)
and Lower Shabelle (Shabeellaha
Hoose) provinces.
The Ugandans are likely to
play a central role in the coming
offensive as the most important
population centre still held by
Al-Shabaab is the coastal town of
Baraawe in Lower Shabelle.
Meanwhile, most Kenyan
troops have moved out of the
southern port city of Kismaayo,
where a new sector has been
established under the control of
the Sierra Leonean battalion.
The Kenya Defence Forces
(KDF) announced using Twitter
that the move was part of the
“AMISOM plan to liberate more
areas from the Al-Shabaab”.
Some Somali officials have
also called for the Kenyans to be
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA «
of pilot district that others can
later emulate.”
EUFOR RCA plans to transfer
its responsibilities and operating
area to either African Union or UN
forces at the end of its mandate.
The EUMS organised the
mission’s first force-generation
conference on 13 February,
with a second expected to take
place after a final action plan is
completed for EUFOR RCA. “In
my experience, the EU has never
acted so fast on a mission,” said
Gen Ponties.
Eight EU member states - Aus­
tria, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Poland, Sweden, and the
UK - participated in the confer­
ence “and their contributions
should be coming along soon,”
said Gen Ponties, who refused to
moved out of Kismaayo because
they were undermining the gov­
ernment by supporting local mili­
tia commander Ahmed Madobe.
UN experts have also accused
19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 17
give country-specific details, say­
ing only that “there are a lot of
unknowns at the moment”.
Six non-EU countries - Canada,
Georgia, Norway, Serbia, Turkey,
and the United States - have
signalled a willingness to support
the operation, with the Canadians
offering intelligence and surveil­
lance capability and Georgia ready
to provide about 100 troops,
according to EU diplomats.
Mobility and patrolling will be
among EUFOR RCA’s most impor­
tant tasks in order to restore
security in its area of operation,
Gen Ponties said. “We will need
ISR capabilities, logistics, and
force protection. This is the ideal
mix and we are fine-tuning these
capabilities,” he said, adding that
medevac “is a topic of concern”
for many member states. “Bangui
is a dense urban environment and
you cannot land helicopters easily
in such areas. So we will operate
close to the airport, where mede­
vac procedures are more easily
carried out,” he said. ■
the KDF and Madobe’s militia of
exporting charcoal from the port
despite the ban on the trade.
Jeremy Binnie JDW Middle
East/Africa Editor, London
» MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
Iran announces
new missile tests
JEREMY BINNIE JDW Middle East/Africa Editor
LONDON
Iran has announced that it
has tested a new submunition
warhead that will reduce the
vulnerability of its ballistic
missiles to defensive systems.
The Iranian Ministry of
Defence said on 10 February
that it had marked the eve of the
anniversary of the 1979 revolu­
tion by successfully testing two
new missiles, one of which, the
Barani, was described as a “new
generation of long-range ballis­
tic missiles carrying multiple re­
entry vehicle [MRV] payloads”.
The Fars News Agency quoted
Defence Minister Brigadier Gen­
eral Hossein Dehghan as saying:
“Evading enemy anti-missile
defence systems [and] destroying
massive targets and destroying
multiple targets are specifica­
tions of this missile.”
Iranian television broadcast
footage that appeared to show
a Shahab-3 intermediate-
range ballistic missile (IRBM)
• The Barani ballistic missile
that Iran says it has tested
appears to be a warhead with
a submunition payload
• Iran may be working on ways
to release the bomblets above
the engagement envelope of
some missile defence systems
being launched. It then cut to
computer-generated footage
of two ballistic missiles each
releasing around 30 re-entry
vehicles in space.
The other missile, the Bina,
appeared to be an AGM-65 Mav­
erick air-to-ground missile with
a semi-active laser (SAL) seeker
fitted to its nose. The Iranian
television package showed the
missile being launched from a
Sukhoi Su-25 attack aircraft and
a ground-based launch rail.
“This missile is capable of
precisely hitting important
targets, including bridges,
tanks, military hardware and
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
enemy command centres,” Gen
Dehghan said.
The missile test announce­
ment came after a group of hard­
line MPs criticised President
Hassan Rowhani for cancelling
the annual ‘Great Prophet’
exercise, which is normally a
showcase for Iran’s ballistic
missile capabilities.
Israeli Foreign Minister
Avigdor Lieberman said the
announcement demonstrated
that Iran had not moderated its
policies under Rowhani. “The
new missile tests conducted by
Iran yesterday are further proof
its intentions have not changed
and the Iranians are not even
hiding their being a warmonger­
ing state,” he said.
There appears to be some
confusion as to whether Iran’s
ballistic missile programme will
be addressed by the current nego­
tiations between Tehran and the
international community.
A still from Iranian
television footage
showing a computer­
generated simulation
of two Barani missiles,
each deploying
around 30 re-entry
vehicles in space.
“We have said that the UN
Security Council resolution has
to be addressed and ballistic
missiles capable of delivering a
nuclear weapon are part of that
consideration,” US Under Secre­
tary of State for Political Affairs
Wendy Sherman told a Senate
hearing on 4 February.
However, Iranian Deputy
Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi
responded by saying that Iran’s
defence programmes would not
be discussed as part of the ongo­
ing talks with the international
community. “We will in no way
allow anyone to introduce topics
other than the nuclear issue,
especially matters related to our
defensive affairs in the talks,” he
told Press TV.
US Director of National Intel­
ligence James Clapper told the
Senate Armed Services Com­
mittee on 11 February that Iran
was expected to test “a missile
system that could potentially
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
ANALYSIS
An Iranian IRBM carrying a MRV
payload could only be defeated
by boost phase or exo-atmos-
pheric interceptors that are
capable of engaging it before
it deploys its warheads. Endo-
atmospheric interceptors such
as the Raytheon MIM-104
Patriot series would struggle
to destroy all the MRVs in their
terminal phase.
However, it is extremely unlikely
that Iran has developed an MRV
payload like the one shown in the
computer-generated television foot­
age. The 30 re-entry vehicles would
each weigh around 10 kg and would
be extremely difficult to stabilise and
shield so they could survive the jour­
ney back through the atmosphere.
The Iranian reports of MRV
payloads are more likely to be refer­
ences to a warhead that releases
submunitions after it has re-entered
the atmosphere. Iran announced that
it had this capability in November
2006, when the Islamic Revolution
have ICBM-class range”: a pos­
sible reference to the Simorgh
satellite launch vehicle (SLV) on
which Iran is working.
He added that Iran’s missile
Guards Corp (IRGC) said it had used
a Shahab-2 with a cluster warhead
containing 1,400 bomblets during the
‘Great Prophet 2’ exercise.
It is possible that the Iranians are
looking at ways of releasing submuni­
tion payloads above the altitude at
which missiles can be engaged by
the Patriots currently deployed in Gulf
Arab states. One of the problems
with this is that unguided submuni­
tions released at such a high altitude
(Patriot systems are generally said to
be able to engage missiles at altitudes
of at least 24,000 m) would be very
widely dispersed by the time they hit
the ground. This would significantly
reduce their effectiveness, although it
could still create significant disruption
in the target area.
At the same time missiles carrying
early-release submunitions are still
vulnerable to interception by US
Navy destroyers fitted with the Aegis
Ballistic Missile Defense System
and the Terminal High Altitude Area
Defense (THAAD) system, which
has been ordered by the United Arab
Emirates (UAE).
programmes were not currently
receiving any foreign assistance,
noting that it has had an “on-
again, off-again” relationship
with North Korea. ■
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA «
Saudi Tornado upgrade
details revealed
A GBP1.5 billion (USD2.5
billion) upgrade and sustain­
ment programme is intended
to keep the Royal Saudi Air
Force’s (RSAF’s) Panavia
Tornado strike aircraft fleet
operational until 2025.
The details of the deal, signed
by BAE Systems and the RSAF in
December 2013, were revealed
to IHS Jane’s by defence sources
in the Middle East earlier this
month.
Known as the Tornado Sustain­
ment Programme Phase Three
(TSP3), the work is intended to
bring the RSAF Tornado fleet up
to a configuration similar to the
UK Royal Air Force’s Tornado
GR.4 aircraft. This includes inte­
gration of Raytheon Paveway IV
dual-mode satellite/laser-guided
bombs and advanced targeting
pods, as well as the installation of
Link 16 datalinks and other net­
work connectivity capabilities.
“The original Saudi TSP aircraft
do not have the same level of inte­
gration as the RAF GR.4s, so this
new work will be a major leap in
capability for them,” said a source.
The deal also includes air and
ground crew training, the modifi­
cation and upgrading of simula­
tors and other training devices,
spares provision, and long-term
logistic support.
The first two RSAF aircraft
are expected to arrive at BAE
Systems’ Warton facility in the
UK during 2014 to undergo
development work and to begin
flight trials during 2015.
Initial work on the Tornado
Sustainment Programme began
in 2005, with the RSAF fleet
being upgraded to allow it to
employ a wide range of precision-
guided munitions, including
the MBDA Storm Shadow cruise
missile. Development work took
place at Warton and the new
capabilities were then installed
on the RSAF fleet at Alsalam
Aircraft Company’s facilities
in Saudi Arabia. A package of
weapons was then ordered from
MBDA.
A similar process is expected to
be followed in the TSP3 project. ■
Tim Ripley
JDW Correspondent, London

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Air defence systems ■ Electro-optical components
Weapons and ammunition ■ Simulation and training
Infantry systems

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W\RHEINMETALL
W DEFENCE
» BUSINESS
Boeing closes in on 30%
international revenue goal
GARETH JENNINGS Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor
LONDON
Boeing Defense Space and
Security (BDS) remains on
course to achieve its goal of
increasing the revenue com­
ing from international sales to
30% and is now focused on
sustaining that growth figure,
a senior company official
has said.
Speaking ahead of the Singa­
pore Airshow, Chris Raymond,
BDS vice-president, Business
Development and Strategy, said
that he is confident of reaching
the 30% target and that Boe­
ing’s defence division is looking
at international partnerships to
maintain international revenue
at this level.
“The 30% target remains the
same [as 2 013], and I’m very
confident we’re going to reach it.
Going forward our objective now
LM eyes comms, ISR role for Global Observer
Lockheed Martin (LM) plans
to explore integration of com­
munications and ISR pay­
loads onto AeroVironment’s
Global Observer high-altitude
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
under a memorandum of un­
derstanding (MoU) signed by
the two companies on 6 Feb­
ruary, according to a senior
company executive.
“One of the first things we’ll
do will be modelling and simula­
tion with different payload
packages,” Paul Lemmo, vice
president of business develop­
ment for Lockheed Martin, told
IHS Jane’s during a 12 February
interview. “In parallel, we’ll do
some engineering work to inte­
20 | Jane's Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
• Chris Raymond, BDS
vice-president for Business
Development and Strategy,
said he is confident the
company will reach its
international revenue target
of 30% of total sales
• The company will look to
partnerships to sustain this
is to find a way to sustain that,”
he said, adding: “Over time this
means looking at partnerships
for new market areas, which is
something we have got better at.”
Over recent months BDS has
Boeing Defense, Space and Security: annual revenue (USD million)
2013 2012
33,197 32,607
Source: Boeing/IHS Jane’s World Defence Industry
grate various [sensor] packages.”
Lemmo said one of the first
packages to be integrated will be
a communications payload.
“I see [Global Observer] in a
surveillance role, possibly for
homeland or border security,”
he said. It could also be used as a
temporary battlefield network
communications node, he added.
The 6 February MoU allows
AeroVironment and Lockheed
Martin to conduct joint mar­
keting of the Global Observer
unmanned aircraft system
both domestically and inter­
nationally, Lemmo said. It also
allows modelling use of various
Lockheed Martin EO, IR and
RF sensors, as well as of ground
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
demonstrated its commitment
to forging partnerships in the
domestic US market, both with
Sikorsky for the US Army’s Joint
Multi-Role (JMR) vertical-lift
requirement and with Saab for
the US Air Force’s T-X trainer
programme. The goal now is to
roll similar arrangements out
into the international market,
especially regarding training,
sustainment, and support (TSS).
“We are very focused right
now on increasing our presence
around the world, as the entire
Boeing company, but certainly as
Boeing Defense Space and Secu­
rity,” Raymond said. “Along with
that we are looking to partner
with more people in the training,
2011 2010
31,976 31,943
control systems, he added.
Lemmo said that engineers
from several of his company’s
divisions - Mission Systems and
Training (MST), Missiles and Fire
Control, Information Systems
and Global Solutions (IS&GS),
and Aeronautics - will be
involved in integration efforts.
The Global Observer high-alti-
tude long-endurance (HALE) UAV
is a hybrid-electric aircraft with a
wingspan of 175 ft (53 m).
Developed at a cost ofUSD140
million by six unnamed US
government agencies, the Global
Observer flew for the first time
at Edwards Air Force Base in
California in 2010. Designed to
be remotely piloted or to follow
services and sustainment area.
As fleets grow there is a need
to partner with governments
around [TSS] and we will be very
focused on that going forward.
[TSS] will be an important place
where you will see a lot of our
partnerships occur because that
is critical to maintaining that
amount of international business
and relationships.”
While general platform oppor­
tunities still exist in the interna­
tional market, they have really
taken off in a few specific sectors,
according to Raymond. “Outside
the US there are still a number of
platform opportunities, be they
aviation or space, etc, and we will
always be interested in pursuing
those big platform opportunities,”
he added. “Recently, though, we
have been driven by some of the
expanding requirements that
we see; maritime surveillance
and security is the big topic on
a lot of countries’ minds, [and]
remote territorial defence, cyber,
C4ISR [etc], will also be very
much in demand.” ■
fgr Go to ihs.com/ianes
for more of this story
predetermined waypoints, the
Global Observer can operate for
up to seven days above weather
and commercial air traffic at
altitudes of 55,000-65,000 ft
(16,800-19,800 m).
AeroVironment also manu­
factures a range of small, tactical
UAVs like the Puma AE, the
Raven, the Wasp and the Shrike
for real-time tactical reconnais­
sance, tracking, combat assess­
ment and geographic data collec­
tion. The company also provides
extensive support services to the
US Army and US Marine Corps
for those programmes.
Marina Malenic
Jane’s Industry Reporter,
Washington, DC
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
AVIC offers L-15 as
low-cost AJT option
JON GREVATT Jane’s Asia-Pacific Industry Analyst
SINGAPORE
The China National Aero-
Technology Import & Export
Corporation (CATIC) is offering
the Hongdu Aviation Industry
Corp HAIC L-15 advanced jet
trainer (AJT) to Asian countries
as a cost-effective alternative
to more expensive but similarly
capable AJT competitors, a
senior CATIC official told IHS
Jane’s on 11 February at the
Singapore Airshow.
The official, who spoke on the
condition of anonymity, said that
CATIC - the export arm of the
state-owned Aviation Industry
Corporation of China (AVIC) -
was pursuing export opportuni­
ties for the L-15 AJT in Thailand,
Sri Lanka, and Malaysia.
He also confirmed that the first
customer of the L-15 is Zambia,
IAI to open cyber security R&D centre in Singapore
Israel Aerospace Industries
(IAI) announced on 13 Febru­
ary that it has launched a
Local Cyber Early Warning
Research and Development
Centre in Singapore.
The announcement, which
coincided with the Singapore
Airshow, came weeks after Israeli
Prime Minister Benjamin Netan­
yahu said his country would ease
export controls on security tech­
nologies to help Israeli businesses
take cyber-security capabilities in
to world markets.
IAI said that the centre -
which it pledged to grow over
the next five years - will employ
local specialists and will emulate
a comparable centre in Israel,
which opened two years ago.
The R&D centre will “comprise
ihs.com/janes
which ordered six aircraft in late
2012 to augment the Zambian
Air Force’s operation of 16 HAIC
K-8 Karakoram intermediate jet
trainers procured in two batches
over the past decade.
“Sri Lanka wants to buy the
trainer, there are opportunities
in Thailand, and we are promot­
ing the aircraft to Malaysia,” said
the official. “We also believe
there are more opportunities to
sell the L-l 5 in Africa, Central
Asia, and South America.”
Citing the L-15’s potential
rivals - aircraft that include Korea
Aerospace Industries’ T-50, the
Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master
and the Yakovlev Yak-130 -the
official claimed that the Chinese
platform is the most cost-effective
in the AJT market.
professional computer analysts
known as ‘white-hat hackers’,
scientists and engineers... with
the goal of tackling complex
problems in the cyber arena”.
Netanyahu announced on
30 January Israel’s intention to
ease restrictions on the export
of security technologies. In
common with other countries
with an advanced defence and
security technology base, Israel
has looked to ease the pressure
on its domestic industry that has
resulted from tightened national
defence and security expenditure
by helping to facilitate exports.
Singapore, for its part,
announced in October 2013 that
it would invest SGD130 million
(USD 103 million) over five
years to further enhance its
“You have to remember that
the international competition in
the advanced jet trainer market
is very fierce, but what we can
offer is price advantage, excellent
after-sales support, and very flex­
ible repayment plans,” said the
official. “The L-l 5 is competitive
in terms of capability when com­
pared to its rivals, but it is much
cheaper than these aircraft, and
this is an important factor in
the many emerging markets we
cyber-defence capabilities.
The city-state’s Research,
Innovation and Enterprise
Council (RIEC), chaired by
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong,
announced on 25 October that
the funds would be allocated to
the development of systems and
technologies that will be used to
bolster the security of the coun­
try’s computer and IT networks.
The RIEC programme was
the latest in a series of initia­
tives introduced by Singapore
to enhance cyber security in the
country.
In July 2013 the Singapore
Armed Forces (SAF) established a
“cyber-defence operations hub”
that consolidates capabilities
across its services to secure mili­
tary networks. The hub works in
19 February 2014 Jane's Defence Weekly | 21
BUSINESS «
The third-generation
of China’s advanced
L-15 trainer flew
publicly for the first
time at Airshow China
in 2008.
Hongdu Aviation Industry Group: 1308509
are promoting the L-15.”
The first production example
of the L-15, known in China as
the JL-10, made its maiden flight
in July 2013. The CATIC official
said the People’s Liberation Army
Air Force has a plan to induct sig­
nificant numbers of the aircraft
into service within the next few
years, although a contract has
yet to be signed. “The air force
is planning to sign the contract
soon,” he added. ■
collaboration with the Singapore
Infocomm Technology Security
Authority, established in 2009
under the Ministry of Home
Affairs.
The SAF cyber centre was set
up just a few months after Singa­
pore enacted the Computer Mis­
use and Cybersecurity Act 2013,
which provides the government
with additional powers to avert,
detect, and counter cyber attacks
on national infrastructure. The
legislation was introduced in
direct response to a growing
number of cyber attacks within
the country, including one that
infiltrated the National Univer­
sity of Singapore.
Guy Anderson
Jane’s Senior Principal Industry
Analyst, London
» BUSINESS
»In brief
Two arrested in R-R probe
Two people were arrested on 13 Feb­
ruary in connection with an inquiry
by the UK Serious Fraud Office
(SFO) into allegations of bribery and
corruption against Rolls-Royce (R-R)
related to historic activities in some
of its export markets. SFO interest in
the case began in December 2012,
with a formal investigation launched
in December 2013.
Saab earnings fall
Swedish defence group Saab
reported that operating earnings fell
26% to SEK2.36 billion (USD366
million) in 2013. Order bookings were
at an all time high, however, as a
result of a Swedish order for develop­
ment and production of the Gripen E
fighter. Sales were largely static at
SEK23.7 billion.
R-R warns on defence sales
Propulsion specialist Rolls-Royce
warned on 13 February that defence
revenues are likely to fall 15-20%
in 2014, pointing to flat group sales
overall. The UK group announced
significantly improved sales and
earnings across the board for 2013.
A-W, ST Eng in maintenance deal
AgustaWestland (A-W) has signed
an agreement with Singapore
Technologies Engineering (ST Eng)
that will lead to Singapore becoming
a maintenance and repair centre for
AgustaWestland helicopters operat­
ing in the Asia-Pacific region. ST
Eng’s STA Systems will specifically
support regionally operated AW109
light utility helicopters and AW139
medium utility helicopters.
Airbus Group buys bank
Airbus Group (formerly EADS)
announced on 14 February that it will
acquire small German bank Salzburg
Munchen with the intention of creat­
ing an internal finance house to fund
the group’s activities. The bank will be
renamed Airbus Group Bank should
the deal pass regulator scrutiny.
22 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
Lockheed Martin
eyes wave of F-35
Asia Pacific deals
JON GREVATT Jane's Asia-Pacific industry Analyst
SINGAPORE
Lockheed Martin is gearing
up to support an expected
wave of F-35 procurement
programmes across the Asia
Pacific as countries in the
region respond to growing
strategic threats and seek
potential interoperability with
the United States.
Orlando Carvalho, president
of Lockheed Martin Aeronautics,
told IHS Jane’s at the Singapore
Airshow on 13 February that the
F-35 development programme
is “starting to get into the end
game” with more than 50% of
its scheduled 8,000 flight-tests
completed.
The F-35 programme will con­
tinue in 2014, with Japan and
Australia already committed to a
purchase, South Korea expected
to order the aircraft soon, and
Singapore continuing its evalua­
tion of the aircraft with a view to
an acquisition.
Japan ordered four F-3 5As in
late 2011, with the procurement
of a further 38 under option.
Some of the aircraft will be
licence-built by Japanese industry
and supported by a final assembly
check-out (FACO) facility cur­
rently being prepared by Mitsubi­
shi Heavy Industries (MHI).
“We are working with MHI
so that they can begin final
assembly and check-out of their
Asia Pacific: Air force procurement spending (excluding China)
(USD billions constant 2014)
2011 2012
15.59 15.599
Source: IHS Jane’s Defence Budgets
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
• Lockheed Martin anticipates
an increase in F-35 orders
from countries in the Asia-
Pacific region as they respond
to growing strategic threats
• The F-35 development
programme is “starting to
get into the end game”, said
Orlando Carvalho, president of
Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
airplanes,” said Carvalho. “The
FACO allows them to build addi­
tional aircraft if they choose to. It
also allows them to support the
aircraft through maintenance,
repair and overhaul.”
He added that Japan’s invest­
ment to develop F-35 production
facilities could also aid any effort
to build parts for the global F-35
programme if the Japanese gov­
ernment permits their export. “It
is possible that in future Japan
could become a source of F-35
manufacturing, although the
requirement that we would have
is that [Japanese industry] would
have to meet the full competi­
tive price requirements of such
products,” he said.
Australia, a development
partner in the F-35 programme,
has outlined a commitment to
purchase 14 F-35As but has
so far ordered only two, which
Carvalho said are scheduled for
2013 2014
17.438 17.209
delivery to the Royal Austra­
lian Air Force for testing in the
United States in 2014. The
Australian government has pre­
viously outlined a requirement
for a total of 100 aircraft, but
additional purchases are likely to
be subject to phased government
procurement decisions.
Singapore and South Korea are
also expected to buy the aircraft,
although a decision by the former
is unlikely to be imminent, as the
government’s evaluation of the
platform is ongoing. Singapore
became a security co-operation
participant in the F-35 pro­
gramme in 2004, giving the
country access to information
about the aircraft in return for
investment.
“The Singaporeans have seen
demonstrations of the F-35B
model [the short take-off and
vertical-landing variant] but
they have not indicated officially
what their preference is,” said
Carvalho.
A decision on South Korea’s
potential selection of the F-35
is, however, expected relatively
soon. In November 2013 the
South Korean Joint Chiefs of
Staff recommended that the
country acquire at least 40 F-3 5s
to meet its FX-III fighter require­
ment. South Korea is conduct­
ing a feasibility study into the
purchase, although there is no
schedule for a decision.
“In South Korea our primary
mode of operation right now is to
simply support the government
with the process that they are
going through,” said Carvalho.
“We are hopeful that this gets
definitised this year.”
A key part of the potential
F-35 programme in South Korea
is the support Lockheed Martin
would provide to the country’s
programme to develop a next-
generation KFX fighter platform,
said Carvalho. “We have been
discussing with South Korea how
we can support them with [the
KFX] and execute that pro­
gramme,” he said. ■
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
Alestis to emerge from bankruptcy protection
DAVID ING JDW Correspondent
MADRID
Spanish aircraft component
manufacturer Alestis Aero­
space has emerged from
bankruptcy protection pro­
ceedings following an agree­
ment with a Seville court to
pay off about EUR284 million
(USD387 million) in debt.
The company - Spain’s second
biggest aerospace company and a
leading supplier to Airbus Group
- had been under bankruptcy
protection since May 2012.
Alestis Managing Director
Francisco Javier Diaz Gil earlier
released a statement saying
the agreement approved by the
court would allow the company
to build up cash flow and start
repayments from 2021.
• A debt pay-off deal with a
Seville court has enabled
Alestis to come out of
bankruptcy protection
proceedings
• Negotiations are continuing
over the ownership of the
company
As creditors have presented no
opposition to the plan, Alestis
had effectively come out of bank­
ruptcy protection proceedings
from 7 February, he said.
With the company now able
to “operate normally” without
administrators, its initial target
will be to accumulate EUR105
million over the next seven years
so it can start paying off debts.
Then the company will have
to maintain its profits to pay off
the remainder “as agreed” with
its creditors.
“The only way to revert the sit­
uation after several years of nega­
tive economic results and achieve
this free cash flow of EUR105
million over the next seven years
is to continue advancing with our
routemap,” said Diaz Gil.
That would mean “managing
to make our programmes more
profitable and reducing costs”,
he added.
A plan to lay off2 34 workers
was announced last year and the
company will now decide by April
how many it will need to make
redundant to reduce its over­
heads, a company spokesman told
IHS Jane’s on 11 February.
Meanwhile, negotiations are
continuing over the owner­
ship of the company, which has
BUSINESS «
a headcount of about 1,440.
Alestis is currently 38.1 % owned
by the Basque Country-based
Alcor and 21.4% owned by the
regional government of Andalucia.
Other shareholders include the
European Investment Bank and
two Spanish savings banks, while
Airbus itself has a 1.7% stake.
Alestis said it could not com­
ment on what form the new
ownership might take, but Airbus
is forecast to emerge as a major
stakeholder in the company,
which is a key supplier of light­
weight carbon-fibre components
for both Airbus’ civilian and
military aircraft.
An Airbus spokesperson in
2013 said such a move would
help protect its supply chain and
prevent a “domino effect” on
subcontractors. ■

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ihs.com/janes 19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 23

» ANALYSIS
Philippine armed forces:
catch-up in progress
The Armed Forces of the Philippines are enjoying the largest and
most comprehensive upgrade programme in their history, but
whether funding levels will be sustained beyond President Benigno
Aquino’s final term in 2016 remains uncertain. Kelvin Wong reports
fter a decade of budget­
A ary neglect, the Armed
Forces of the Philippines
(AFP) have benefited from a
steady stream of funding since
incumbent President Benigno
Aquino took office in June 2010.
The Philippine modernisation
journey can be traced back to
1995, when then President Fidel
Ramos signed the Republic Act
No 7898 (AFP Modernisation
Act) to bring the AFP, by then
one of the most ill-equipped and
-maintained forces in the South­
east Asian region, to a more equal
footing with its neighbours and
competitors from further afield.
The AFP Modernisation Act
would have provided PHP331
billion (USD73.1 billion) over
15 years to acquire new equip­
ment and infrastructure for the
AFP, but the 1997 Asian financial
crisis unravelled modernisation
programmes. Subsequent admin­
istrations were largely unable
or unwilling to restore momen­
tum to the act as a result of
budgetary constraints or bureau­
cratic disputes.
However, Aquino positioned
the AFP’s modernisation high
on his agenda, initiating what
he described as “the largest and
most comprehensive upgrade
programme [in the history of]
the AFP”. In 2012 his govern­
ment passed new legislation -
Republic Act No 10349 - which
extended the AFP Modernisation
Act by another 15 years and allo­
24 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
cated PHP85.3 billion from 2013
to 2017 to procure equipment
and infrastructural improve­
ments for the AFP.
The new legislation has proven
to be a much-needed shot in the
arm for the AFP. Data released
by the Philippine Department of
National Defense (DND) in Janu­
ary 2014 indicated that a total
of 36 acquisition programmes,
worth a total of PHP41.2 bil­
lion, had been completed or
announced since the act was
signed. The army received fund­
ing for 12 programmes, the
navy garnered the lion’s share
of the contract awards with 16
programmes, while the air force
received four and the AFP Gen­
eral Headquarters and Govern­
ment Arsenal received two each.
Army procurement
The Philippine Army published
a White Paper in 2 010, entitled
the Army Transformation Road­
map 2028’ (ATR 2028), which
defines the army’s strategic
directives until 2028. In the
three years since the paper was
released the army has pursued
a number of acquisitions that it
hopes will improve its ability to
deal with the longstanding com­
munist and Islamic secessionist
insurgencies that are still active
in the regions of Luzon, Visayas
and Mindanao.
The ATR 2028 White Paper
also outlines longer-term objec­
tives that are aimed at expand­
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
ing the army’s current internal
security and counter-insurgency
(COIN) roles to include credible
regional deterrent and power-
projection capabilities.
The amended act has provided
for at least PHP8.3 billion since
2010 for the army to pursue its
ATR 2028 goals. At the forefront
of the army’s transformation
drive is apparently the procure­
ment of 142 M113A2 armoured
personnel carriers (APCs) to
bolster its Mechanized Infan­
try Division (formerly known
as the Light Armor Division).
According to the army’s Armor
Capability and Development
Office (ACDO), 114M113A2
APCs were delivered under the
US Excess Defense Articles
(EDA) programme in 2012. The
final tranche will be completed
with the addition of 28 Israeli-
upgraded Ml 13 platforms, due
to be delivered by 2 015.
A 155 mm howitzer acquisi­
tion programme will be another
key firepower upgrade for the
army. Announced in November
2013, the PHP1 billion pro­
gramme seeks to procure 10
howitzers. Army spokesperson
Captain Anthony Bacus told IHS
Jane’s in January 2014 that this
programme is in an advanced
stage of assessment.
Army mobility and logis­
tics enhancements were also
included in recent acquisitions.
Around PHP2.8 billion has been
spent to improve troop and
logistics mobility, including 250
KM250 6x6 2.5-tonne trucks
worth PHP837.6 million and
190 KM450 4x4 1.25-tonne
trucks worth PHP494 million.
While no details are avail­
able at this stage, IHS Jane’s
understands that the army had
previously outlined a number of
procurement targets, including
an integrated surface-to-air mis­
sile and man-portable air-defence
system (MANPADS), a multiple
rocket launcher, and improved
infantry equipment.
Navy procurement
The AFP have traditionally
viewed the navy and air force as
supporting elements in defer­
ence to the army’s prime status
in combating ongoing internal
security threats. The navy’s role
up until 1990 was largely cen­
tred on transport and interdic­
tion operations in aid of COIN
efforts by land-based forces, but
that view is set to change.
With the realisation that the
Philippine Navy (PN) was incapa­
ble of covering the country’s vast
maritime territory - five times
the land area of its 7,000 islands
- with its ageing and depleted
fleet amid a territorial dispute
over the Spratly Islands with
China, the revitalisation of the
PN has naturally been a key focus
of the act, which has accounted
for PHP 11.7 billion of the AFP’s
expenditure since 2010.
The PN’s modernisation plan
outlines a minimum of six major
naval platforms - two frigates
and four patrol frigates - along
with a number of corvettes,
patrol craft and fast transport
and support vessels.
In 2011 and 2012 two former
US Coast Guard (USCG) Hamil-
ton-class high-endurance cutters
- renamed BRP Gregorio Del Pilar
and BRP Ramon Alcaraz - were
acquired and redesignated as
patrol frigates, with the former
also designated as the flagship of
the PN fleet.
A plan to acquire two more
ihs.com/janes
For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes
surplus US naval platforms under
a USD40 million military assis­
tance programme was announced
in December 2013. Despite
the navy’s interest in US Navy
(USN) Oliver Hazard Perry-class
frigates, it is likely that two more
Hamilton-class cutters will be
chosen, given the higher operat­
ing costs of the frigates.
In October 2013 the PN
announced its interest in
acquiring two new light frigate
platforms worth up to PHP 18.9
billion and has set aside PHP25
million to appoint a consulting
firm to assist with the pro­
gramme. It is also known that
four firms have been shortlisted
as potential suppliers: Spain’s
Navantia Sepi (RTS Ventures)
along with South Korean ship­
builders Daewoo Shipbuilding &
Marine Engineering Co, Hyundai
Heavy Industries, and STX Off­
shore & Shipbuilding.
The navy has also defined a
requirement for four sealift plat­
forms worth PHP4 billion and in
January 2014 selected Indone­
sia’s PT PAL to construct two
landing platform dock (LPD)-
type platforms in the 7,300-
tonne displacement range with a
capacity for up to 500 troops and
100 crew, three helicopters, and
12 transport vehicles.
Speaking to IHS Jane’s,
Commodore Reynaldo Yoma,
commander of the PN’s Naval
Forces Central, said the PN also
aspires to operating submarines,
although such platforms remain
a long-term prospect. “As the
cost of acquiring submarines is
very high, we are more likely to
acquire surface platforms that
have better anti-air and anti-sub-
marine capabilities,” he added.
Air force procurement
Hamstrung by policy uncertain­
ties and funding deficits, the
Philippine Air Force (PAF) lost
its air combat capability after
grounding its Northrop F-5 fleet
in 2002 and subsequently retir­
ing its F-5s in 2005.
ihs.com/janes
The Philippine Navy’s Hamilton-
class cutter BRP Gregorio del Pilar
was commissioned in December
2011 as the service's new flagship.
The current PAF essentially
exists as a close air support
(CAS) and tactical transport wing
for the army’s COIN operations,
operating Aermacchi SF-260TP
and ageing Boeing AV-10
Bronco light attack aircraft
along with a number of light and
medium-lift aircraft. Even in
its diminished role, the PAF has
struggled to keep its remaining
platforms airworthy.
With the promise of funding
from the DND in 2012 the PAF
has announced plans to restore a
dedicated air combat wing and is
currently negotiating to purchase
12 Korea Aerospace Industries
(KAI) F/A-50 light attack aircraft
worth up to USD300 million,
although discussions are ongoing
and it remains to be seen if a deal
with KAI will be signed in 2 014.
Major General Romeo Poquiz,
commander of the 2nd Air
Division, told IHS Jane’s that
the PAF’s range of capabilities is
set to change, with recent PAF
acquisition trends signalling a
shift from internal COIN
support to a broader territorial
defence stance.
“Like any respectable air
force, we should have credible
air-defence capabilities, which
should include combat aircraft,
air defence radars, and ground-
based air defence,” he said,
providing some insight into what
he feels would be necessary for
future PAF acquisitions.
Within the past four years
at least four acquisition pro­
grammes worth around PHP3.7
billion have been completed,
including the procurement of 18
Aermacchi SF-260F basic trainer
aircraft and eight PZL W-3 Sokol
combat utility helicopters from
Poland in late January 2010.
Further procurement pro­
grammes have also been given
the green light: in December
2013 the PAF signed a con­
tract for eight AgustaWestland
AW 109 Power utility helicopters,
three which have already been
delivered; and in January 2014
the PAF awarded a contract to
PT Dirgantara Indonesia (PDI)
to supply two NC212i light
utility transport aircraft worth
PHP814 million.
According to the DND, addi­
tional procurement programmes
worth around PHP5.6 billion
to further bolster PAF are in
process, including acquisition of
a long-range patrol aircraft, two
medium-lift transport aircraft,
and the upgrade of more than 20
Bell UH-1H helicopters.
Territorial defence
In January 2014 AFP chief
General Emmanuel Bautista
announced that the military
will shift its focus from internal
security operations to territorial
defence within the year, despite
pockets of resistance from
insurgent groups such as the New
People’s Army and the Bangsam-
oro Islamic Freedom Fighters.
Increasing Chinese blue-water
power-projection capabilities
and presence in the South China
Sea near the disputed, resource-
rich Spratly Islands - which also
led to a naval stand-off between
19 February 2014 Jane's Defence Weekly | 25
ANALYSIS «
BRP Gregorio Del Pilar and two
Chinese surveillance ships over
illegal fishing in April 2 012 -
have been a recognised influence
on recent Philippine defence
policy decisions, accelerating
previously delayed procurement
programmes and spurring new
ones alongside increased defence
diplomacy efforts to woo interna­
tional support (notably from the
United States).
In addition to platform and
systems procurement, the AFP
have increased their efforts to
improve key military facilities on
strategically vital islands. Three
planned upgrades to military
infrastructure on Palawan Island,
the closest main island to the
South China Sea, have been
announced, including improve­
ments to the Ulugan Bay Naval
Station on the South China Sea
side of Palawan Island to add
rotary-wing aircraft landing sup­
port, a roll-on/roll-off ramp, and
two 150 m piers.
However, with Aquino’s final
term concluding in 2016, it is
unclear whether the compara­
tively generous funding in recent
years will be sustained. Cdre
Yoma said the PN is seeking to
complete as many of its immedi­
ate procurement programmes
as possible within the next two
years to ensure that the leader­
ship transition will not have
an adverse effect on the PN’s
modernisation drive.
Cdre Yoma added that the
PN has laid down long-term
strategic plans that he believes
will be able to remain relevant to
future administrations.
Gen Poquiz, however, remains
more reserved about sustained
political interest in military
modernisation. “We can only
hope that the next administra­
tion understands the importance
of having a credible defence
capability in order to protect our
territorial integrity,” he said.
Kelvin Wong is the
Jane’s Asia-Pacific Technology
Reporter, based in Singapore
 » BRIEFING
UK Apache modernisation
UK Apache reaches
watershed moment
With the US Army converting its entire Apache fleet to the AH-64E Guardian standard,
the UK Ministry of Defence has a decision to make on how it takes its own WAH-64D
Longbow attack helicopter capability forward. Andrew Drwiega reports
he decision regarding the future of the
T British Army Air Corps’ (AAC’s) fleet
of AgustaWestland-Boeing WAH-64D
Apache Longbow AH. 1 attack helicopters is a
more difficult one than may initially appear.
While the latest version of this world-
renowned attack helicopter, the Boeing
AH-64E (AH-64D Block III standard)
Guardian, is now being rolled out to the
US Army as an upgrade to the AH-64D
Block II standard, the United Kingdom
faces a more complex decision because
of its divergence from this US-standard
platform. With the potential for the US
Army to write off its Bell OH-5 8 Kiowa
AgustaWestland: 1525841
26 | Jane's Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
Warrior fleet and introduce the AH-64E into
the reconnaissance role with Level 4 control
over unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the
next step for the British upgrade will be a
watershed moment that will map out its
capability over the next two decades.
The problem for the Ministry of Defence
The British Army’s WAH-64D Apache Longbow AH.1 attack
helicopters are due to be replaced around the end of the decade.
(MoD) is that the AH. 1 Apache licence to
build from Boeing was originally signed with
Westland Helicopters. As such, any modi­
fication to the WAH-64D would now have
to be managed and implemented through
AgustaWestland’s Yeovil, Somerset, facility.
This leaves the MoD with the option of either
paying the premium that AgustaWestland
would add to Boeing’s price for the neces­
sary integration work required to keep the
platform and convert it to something similar
to the AH-64E, or going to Boeing for a fresh
deal on new aircraft. The option of taking
the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route and
ihs.com/janes

dealing directly with Boeing about the acqui­
sition of new US Army-standard AH-64ES
would, of course, be a solution that would not
be acceptable to AgustaWestland.
Every time a helicopter contract comes
up for discussion it is the MoD’s Strategic
Partnering Arrangement (SPA) with Agus­
taWestland (signed between the two parties
in June 2006) that is of primary importance.
In recent times, when the MoD has looked
at alternative options that do not favour the
Italian-owned company, stories in the media
begin to emerge about the possible closure or
cutting back of the Yeovil helicopter manu­
facturing facility.
With seats in parliament at risk, politicians
have generally veered away from an open com­
petition to determine the best option for the
armed forces. According to AgustaWestland
the SPA was initially drawn up to ensure that
the “critical design engineering and knowl­
edge of UK military demands will be retained
at AgustaWestland’s Yeovil facility to ensure
that the support of the MoD’s current fleet of
AgustaWestland helicopters can be effectively
and efficiently sustained”.
Of the four legs of the MoD’s helicopter
capability for its Future Force 2020 strategic
plan, three are supported by AgustaWest­
land. Beyond the Apache there is the AW159
Wildcat, although there are few senior army
officers who will agree in private that the
AW 15 9 is exactly what the army wanted to
replace its old Lynx fleet. Then there is the
AW 101 Merlin, which is currently embedded
in both the Royal Navy (RN) and Royal Air
Force (RAF), although the RAF’s Merlins are
in the process of being transferred to the RN’s
Commando Helicopter Force (CHF) despite
the fierce rivalry between the two services.
Thus, only the Boeing Chinook remains
firmly outside of AgustaWestland’s influ­
ence, although indirectly the Italian company
may still have influence over how long the
Medium Support Helicopter Training Facility
(MSHTF) endures as the company works to
grab an increasingly larger share of UK mili­
tary helicopter training.
The user’s viewpoint
Brigadier Neil Sexton, the deputy commander
of the UK’s Joint Helicopter Command (JHC),
recently presented an overview of the army’s
appreciation of the sheer power that the
Apache has brought to the British order of
battle (ORBAT) and where the decision­
ihs.com/ianss
A British Apache takes off from the flight deck of
HMS Ocean on 4 June 2011 during Operation
‘Unified Protector’ off Libya. ukmoo-Wms
making process stands at the moment.
Speaking at the IQPC International
Military Helicopter conference in London
in January, Brig Sexton said that the JHC
expected that rotary-wing attack capabilities
would be formed “around the Apache for the
foreseeable future”.
“The plan is that we will replace our
Apache fleet at the end of the decade and we
[the army] hope that will be done around the
‘Echo’ model from the United States,” he said.
With the sensitivity of this topic in mind,
not least because of the forthcoming general
election in 2015, he was careful not to specu­
late about a programme that continues to be
regarded as sensitive.
“The detail of how that will be done is
still being discussed at a very high level,” he
said, adding: “You can imagine the politics
in the UK about replacing such an expensive
and capable aircraft, and one with such an
extremely high PR profile - not least because
of Captain Wales [Prince Harry] flying [the
Apache] in Afghanistan.”
Brig Sexton gave a timeline of around
two years for the completion of the acquisi­
tion process. “We anticipate a deal with the
Americans, and perhaps a number of other
contractors in between, in order to bring it
into service so that the obsolescence, which
is obvious compared to the American model,
can be put to bed very quickly,” he said.
BRIEFING «
Praising the results that the Apache had
produced in Afghanistan and also the success
of the deployment on board HMS Ocean dur­
ing Operation ‘Ellamy’ in Libya, Brig Sexton’s
comments suggested that a wider maritime
role could be in the aircraft’s future. Post-
‘Ellamy’ exercises with the Royal Navy (RN)
saw the Apache operating with a Lynx HMA.8
during Exercise ‘Cougar 2013’ “to counter
fast inshore and other attack craft”.
The number of Apache attack helicopters
that the British Army retains in the future is
likely to fall, particularly with the pull-out
from Afghanistan in 2014 and the focus
towards Future Force 2020 and the British
military moving towards a more expedition­
ary role: a direction that US Army Aviation is
also preparing to take.
The total force could come down from its
current 66 aircraft to a figure close to 48
new Apaches, which would ideally give a
frontline strength of about 32 aircraft. As is
standard, the remainder would be at various
times in maintenance, used for training or
be in reserve. Several Apaches in the existing
fleet that have borne the brunt of the flying
in Afghanistan have high hours on their
airframes because of the high operational
tempo they have seen over the years. These
aircraft will probably be retired rather than
updated as the cost and work required to
bring them back to an acceptable standard
19 February 2014 Jane's Defence Weekly i 27
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8513_0113AA

for the future would likely be prohibitive.
With this in mind, Brig Sexton confirmed
that it is highly unlikely that there will be a
one-for-one replacement of old aircraft for
new as the army does not need the numbers
going forward, although the precise number
required is still subject to debate. The standard
equation will be a factor in that, as the number
of aircraft required is reduced, so the unit cost
of the aircraft increases. “We are aligned with
DE&S [Defence Equipment & Support] and,
within that, Director of Helicopters, to find
the solution,” Brig Sexton added.
MUM-T explained
One of the forward steps - if not strides -
that the US Army has been making and is
committed to in future is the development
of manned-unmanned teaming, otherwise
known as ‘MUM-T’. Basically this is where
A US Army AH-64D Apache takes off at
Dugway's Michael Army Airfield as a Shadow
UAS is readied to join it for a demonstration
in the Manned-Unmanned System Integration
Capability exercise held in September 2011.
ihs.com/ianes
manned aviation platforms such as heli­
copters can share information, data, and
full-motion video in real time with UAVs that
they are operating with. There are various lev­
els of technological capability, with fiscal year
2014 funding for the AH-64E programme
aiming to provide pilots with the capability to
take control of UAVs from the cockpit of their
helicopters (Level 4). The degree of control of
UAVs increases from Level 1 to Level 5:
• Level 1: receipt and transmission of second­
ary imagery or data from the UAV;
• Level 2: receipt of imagery or data directly
from the UAV;
• Level 3: control of the UAV payload;
• Level 4: control of the UAV, except for take­
off and landing.
• Level 5: full function and control of the
UAV, including take-off and landing.
A definition supplied in the force’s official
P ■
BRIEFING «
journal stated: “MUM-T is the synchro­
nised employment of soldiers, manned and
unmanned air and ground vehicles, robotics
and sensors to enhance situational under­
standing, increase discriminate lethality,
improve survivability and extend the com­
mander’s reach.”
In the past couple of years the US Army
has focused on the 101 st Combat Aviation
Brigade (CAB) as it built up its capability to a
full-spectrum force during its deployment to
Afghanistan. This meant incorporating UAVs
(the Northrop Grumman/IAI MQ-5B Hunter
and GA-ASI MQ.-1C Gray Eagle) within the
CAB that was operating OH-58D and AH-
64D helicopters with Level 2 capability. The
results led Major General Kevin Mangum,
the commander of US Army Aviation, to the
conclusion that “standardised aviation forma­
tions with organic UAS [unmanned aircraft
19 February 2014 Jane's Defence Weekly j 29
» BRIEFIN
AW159, the addition of another platform
A UK Army Air Corps Apache takes off
from Camp Bastion, Afghanistan. would have gone against aviation planning
as it has stood for the past few years.
The ultimate question the MoD needs to
answer regarding the Apache upgrade focuses
on whether the SPA with AgustaWestland is
still relevant in terms of what it wants from
the Apache for the next 20 years and at what
cost? Pushing Boeing’s AH-64E Guardian
technologies through the SPA system could
be prohibitively expensive, but is there suf­
ficient requirement to go direct to Boeing via
the FMS route?
Conversely, will international industry
realignment contribute to solving the MoD’s
problem for it? The recent widespread down­
turn in military aircraft orders, on which the
manufacturing base of AgustaWestland UK
has largely depended, combined with the
British JHC’s apparent determination to keep
system] capability will optimise MUM-T”. Another aircraft combination that Boeing the trusted Apache but in its most modern
While the AAC does not currently have is believed to have offered to the MoD was form, may open new avenues for discussion
UAS networking ambitions along the lines one that would have combined two of its with Boeing on how a modernised Apache
of US Army Aviation, the potential of such products: the AH-64E with its light attack could be assembled in the UK but along FMS
a link-up has not been ignored, Brig Sexton AH-6i - offering about 85% commonality principles - something that the government
said. “A couple of years ago we did look at of systems. However, this would have likely would likely support.
various capabilities to put into an urgent to have been constructed around an FMS Andrew Drwiega is a
operational requirement for the Apache in deal and, with the MoD committed to the JDW Correspondent, based in London
Afghanistan but the need wasn’t quite there.
We are certainly watching carefully what The US Army is in the process of
they [US Army Aviation] are doing. The JHC converting its Apache fleet to the
AH-64E Guardian standard. So*®:
has aircraft operating authority and safety
responsibilities for [the British Army’s]
Watchkeeper and the other UASs, so we are
fully linked [with the mission]... there is a lot
of potential there.”
The AAC is scheduled to receive 34 of
AgustaWestland’s newAW159 Wildcat
helicopters: the replacement for its older fleet
of AH.7 and AH. 9 Lynx helicopters. The role
of the Wildcat will be one of battlefield recon­
naissance and utility, with electro-optical
sensors that will provide infrared and day­
time colour imagery and laser rangefinding.
“It is a fantastic aircraft with downlinks
to the ground. We have great expectations
and are selling it to the army as much more
than a battlefield taxi,” Brig Sexton said.
However, the Wildcat does not have a real­
time video transfer or the ability to share
data directly with Apache helicopters or
troops on the ground.
Therefore, for the short to medium term
the AAC looks to be heading towards an
Apache/Wildcat fleet for its reconnaissance
attack capability, adding in UASs, but not at a
level of control or with the same urgency as
US Army Aviation.

30 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014 ihs.com/janes

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ihs.com/ianes 19 February 2014 Jane’s Defence Weekly I 33

»INTERVIEW_____
Captain Fredrik Norrby_____________
COMMANDER, 1ST SUBMARINE FLOTILLA, ROYAL SWEDISH NAVY
rom its Cold War focus on littoral
F operations in the Baltic, the Royal
Swedish Navy’s (RSwN’s) submarine
flotilla has today expanded its horizons
to include the Atlantic Ocean, the
Mediterranean, and beyond.
“Traditionally regarded as a defensive
weapon system based around the torpedo,
today our submarines are seen as advanced
intelligence units,” Captain Fredrik Norrby,
commander of the 1st Submarine Flotilla
(Forsta Ubatsflottiljen), told IHS Jane’s.
“They can serve as a strategic deterrent,
assist law enforcement, carry out EEZ
[exclusive economic zone] patrols through
surveillance and intelligence collection and
act as a ‘consultant’ during joint operations.
However, our speciality remains loitering in
the extreme littorals and supporting special
forces operations,” he said.
The submarine flotilla is robust and well
suited to the challenges of today and tomor­
row, Capt Norrby said, as illustrated by the
export of three Sjoormen- and two Soder-
manland-class submarines to the Republic of
Singapore Navy and the lease, between May
2005 and July 2007, of HMS Gotland to
the US Navy.
The core of the RSwN submarine branch -
based in Karlskrona - consists of two Soder-
manland-class (Type A 17) and three Gotland-
class (Type A 19) boats, the submarine rescue
ship HMS Belos with the URF (Ubatsraddnings-
farkost) submarine rescue vehicle, the signal
intelligence ship HMS Orion, a special boat
unit, and a small headquarters staff.
“In theory our personnel strength should
number 320 officers, specialist officers, and
sailors, but today we are approximately 60
short,” said Capt Norrby.
Since their commissioning between 1987
and 1996, the submarines have received
regular upgrades and enhancements. “A com­
pletely new refrigeration and climate control
system has been installed on all five boats to
make them suited to take part in international
operations in warmer waters,” Capt Norrby
noted. "Two years ago our Sodermanland-class
boats were equipped with a new periscope, a
diver’s lock-out system, and the SESUB 960B
combat information system (CIS).”
During 2014 the Gotland-class boats will
34 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 19 February 2014
‘Our speciality
remains loitering
in the extreme
littorals and
supporting special
forces operations’
commence their mid-life upgrade (MLU),
which will include a new sonar suite, a new
diver’s lock-out, a non-hull penetrating
optronic mast, and the replacement of the
Stirling Mk 2 air-independent propulsion
(AIP) system with a Mk 3 version. Improve­
ments already backfitted include the SESUB
960B CIS and operational fixes to reduce the
magnetic, infrared, and acoustic signatures of
the boats. The CK 038 periscopes have been
upgraded with a thermal-imaging camera, a
new-generation improved image intensifier,
colour TV and digital still cameras, and a GPS
antenna, enhancing the boats’ ISR capability.
“This mid-life upgrade will allow us to keep
the Gotland-class units in service for at least
10 more years. However, the Sodermanland-
class submarines are scheduled to decommis­
sion by 2017, when we will start with the
crew training for our A 26 [next-generation
submarine],” said Capt Norrby.
The timeline for next-generation subma­
rines calls for a construction contract in 2014,
with the first of two units commissioning in
2019. Up to three additional units could be
ordered after 2020.
“These boats are designed to be able to
change or upgrade almost everything onboard
if needed. In this way our navy will have a
state-of-the-art platform for the coming 25
years,” he said. “The [A 26] is conceived as a
modular design placing heavy emphasis on ISR
missions and special operations capabilities.”
Displacing some 1830 tons (submerged),
the 63 m-long boats will have a very low sig­
nature, long submerged endurance, extreme
manoeuvrability, four 533 mm torpedo tubes,
an advanced propulsion system for reduced
cavitation, a carbon-fibre-strengthened steel-
matrix-alloy hull to increase their chances
of surviving a direct torpedo hit, and an
open-architecture sensor and communications
suite, supporting network-centric warfare.
A special feature of the submarine will be its
flexible payload lock in the bow: a 1.6 m-
diameter ‘supertube’, allowing the launch and
recovery of unmanned vehicles or alterna­
tively up to eight divers simultaneously, and a
large, configurable payload compartment that
can be used as living quarters for additional
personnel.
Capt Norrby said a challenging issue would
be finding the right personnel to man the sub­
marines, adding that “a candidate’s attitude to
handling and analysing new inputs or tasks in
a limited timeframe is an important aspect of
our recruitment process”.
When asked why submarines are so impor­
tant to supporting Swedish interests, Capt
Norrby said today’s submarines are probably
the most effective way to secure a country
against both external and internal threats.
“They have been delivering valuable
operational output and they keep potential
adversaries in suspense,” he said. “The use of a
forward-deployed submerged C2 site enables
you to operate in sensitive areas where the
use of other assets could be either too risky or
too compromising. With their capacity to stay
close and covert, the submarines can gather
the right information because the opponent is
not aware of their presence and, as such, is not
taking countermeasures to protect data.”
Guy Toremans
JDW Correspondent, Karlskrona, Sweden
ihs.com/janes
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