DC MOTORS

DRIVER
Introduction

Keuntungan:
• Kontrol Mudah
• Power Processing Unit lebih
murah

Kekurangan:
• Komutator mekanik
memerlukan pemeliharaan
Classification of DC Driver
Structure of DC Motors

Stator
• Establishes Field Flux, ᶲf
 Structure of DC Motors
Rotor
• Armature winding
• Commutator and Brushes
Operating Principles of a DC
Motor

Field flux density in the airgap

Operating Principle – Commutator
Action
 Four Coil Example

Torque and emf pulsations can be

reduced by increasing the number of
conductors
 Armature Reaction
Assuming magnetic structure does not saturate:
• Increased torque in some conductors is
compensated by decreased torque in other
conductors
• Same reasoning holds for induced emf
Compensating winding to reduce the effect of
armature reaction
DC Mechine Eqivalent Circuit
 Operating Modes
Regenerative Braking: Feeding energy back while braking
• Current and torque direction reversed
• Same polarity of induced emf
Operating in reverse direction: polarity of applied voltage
reversed
• Motoring ia<0
• Regerative breaking ia>0
Four Quadrant Operation
Flux weakening in wound field machines
to Overspeed peration
• Below rated speed, kT
maximum to ensure maximum
torque/Ampere thereby
minimizing resistive losses
• Above rated speed, Bf reduced
to keep Va at its rated value.
• Bf reduced by reducing If
• kT and kE changed; kT=kt Bf;
kE=ke Bf; kt=ke
• Since Ia is limited its rated
value maximum, Tem reduces
 Power Processing Unit for DC
Drives
• Draw power from utility- power quality problems
• Ideallypower flow should be reversible
• Provide nearly dc voltage and current to the dc
motor
Electronically Commutated
Motor Drives

• Electronically
comutated armature
• At any instant, only
two sets of windings
carry currents. As
the rotor turns,
different pairs of
windings are chosen.
 Induced emf
• In flat regions all turns are under same pole
• In sloped regions some turns are under N
pole while others are under S pole