Limitations&

No. Journals Research Questions Hypothesis Research Method Results Recommended

Future Research
1. Symbolic or  Test the influence  H1: The quality This research used The results from This research did
Substantive? of three CSR of the CSR’s a quantitative this research: not analyze the
Analysis of practices on the information that method by having 2 -Only for for the differences
CSR Reporting quality of CSR issued a stand variables; practice of using between the G3.1
Practices and disclosure alone CSR independent and external assurance and G4 version of
the Quality of empirically. reporting tend to control. The services that can GRI reporting
Disclosure  To determine be higher than samples are the increase the quality framework. In
whether in nature the company companies which of the disclosure. addition, it took a
the practices are that disclosed disclose their CSR Whereas the stand- lot of time to
substantive CSR in annual activities on their alone CSR report collect the data,
enough, which is report. annual report or and the use of GRI therefore the
to improve the  H2: The quality stand-alone CSR reporting samples that are
quality of of the CSR’s report during 2011- framework did not being analyzed
disclosure as information 2013 increase the quality are relatively
media of from a company of disclosure small. For the
accountability to that adopts a -The use of next research, it is
stakeholders or GRI reporting external assurance recommended to
simply just to framework tend services increases increase the
establish a to be higher than the quality of CSR number of
company’s the company disclosure samples and to
positive image that does not use cross-country
adopt. study to know the
 H3: Companies effect of country
that are using the factor on the
services from qualityof CSR
external disclosure.
assurance have a
higher quality of
CSR disclosure
 than those who
does not use it.
2. “Corporate Analyzing what is the H1: Firms face a 1. Data on CSR 1. Measures of risk The validity and
Social relationship between trade-off between were obtained from explained a appropriateness
Responsbility perceptions of firms’ social responsibility Fortunre significant portion of a measure of
and Firm corporate social and their financial magazine’s annual of the variability in CSR requires
Financial responsibility and performance. survey of corporate social further
Performance” – measures their H2: The value of a reputations. responsibility examination. The
Jean B. financial performance firm depends on the 2. Data on across firms. Firms major
McGuire and cost not only of accounting and with low social shortcomings in
Alison explicit claims but stock-market- responsibility current research
Sundgren, also of implicit based measures of should earn high in CSR have been
Thomas claims (such as firm performance returns to justify the difficulty of
Schneeweis quality service and and risk were the increased risk. measuring that
social obtained from the The data shown on concept and
responsibility). COMPUSTAT this study that consequent
H3: A high degree of data base. firms low in social reliance on a
CSR may permit a 3. For the period of responsibility limited set of
firm to have analysis; first is to experienced lower measures. This
relatively low compute the ROA and stock- study suggest that
financial risk as the average rankings market returns than the future
result of more stable for the period firmswho are high research should
relations with the 1983-1985, second in social investigate the
stakeholders. is to permit responsibility. influence of prior
analysis of the 2. Accounting- firm performance
relationship based measures and it may be
between CSR and (ROA) proved to more fruitful to
previous and be better predictors consider financial
subsequent firm of CSR than performance as a
financial market measures. variable
performance, 3. Thus, firms with influencing social
ratings of social high performance responsibility
responsibility for and low risk may than the reverse.
 one year which is be better able to
1983 is used. afford to act in a
4.Regression social responsible
analysis is used to manner.
test the multivariate
relationship
between CSR and
firm performance
3. An Analysis of This study This study A survey method This study This study was
CSR on Firm investigates both investigates the was used to verify analyzed the done in South
Financial strategic and relationship the hypothesis of influence of CSR, Korea, therefore
Performance in traditional CSR’s between traditional this study by using R&D, technology it is necessary to
Stakeholder relationships with CSR and strategic a questionnaire commercialization, conduct research
Perspectives financial performance CSR by using R&D survey via e-mail and CSR on other
based on the and technology with 212 motivation on emerging
confidence in the commercialization participants out of a CSR. countries so it
effectiveness of CSR, capacity as variables total of 1408 1. Strategic CSR will results in
and also to explore H1 : CSR is respondents. demonstrated a greater accouracy
management factors positively related to Through positive in order to
that influence a firm’s Cronbach’s alpha impact; analyze the
strategic CSR. performance coefficient, it is however, the implications
H2: R&D capacity is found that the hypothesis was correctly. Further
positively related to respondents rejected due to studies are
CSR answered the a lack of needed to develop
H3 : Technology questions significance. and use
commercialization consistently. In 2. Traditional persuasive
capacity is addition, this study CSR, the path strategic CSR
positively related to used SEM to coefficient of factors for
CSR understand the organizational analyzing the
H4: CSR motivation correlation learning for the influence of the
is positively related between multiple R&D factors on social
to CSR. independent and capacity was and financial
0.3297(H2–1); performances. If
 dependent R&D intensity was research reflects
variables. –0.1356 (H2–3); the characteristics
strategic of various
technology plan of industries is
technology advanced, it will
commercialization be able to convey
capacity was a more
0.3114 (H3–1); comprehensive
external CSR understanding.
motivation was
0.0241 (H4–3).
Therefore,the
above hypotheses
were considered
effective and
others were
rejected.
4. Impact of The study investigates H1: CSR has The samples of this Five years Data has This study has
corporate social positive relationship significant impact research are taken been collected limitations where
responsibility between the CSR and on the firm’s from the Pakistani from 15 companies the scope of the
on the firm’s Financial financial listed corporations listed at Karachi research is only
financial performance of the performance. in Karachi Stock stock exchange. among the listed
performance firm, and firms H2: CSR has Exchange Correlation is used corporations in
spending on CSR not significant impact consisting of; to measure the Karachi Stock
only benefits from on firm’s net profit. financial data, cause and effect Exchange,
continuous long term H3: CSR has earnings, total relationship therefore it would
sustainable significant impact assets, and CSR between CSR and creat much
development but also on firm’s total from the annual FP. In first greater accuracy
enjoy enhanced assets. report. The method measure, corporate if the future
financial performance used for social research can
profitability testing responsibility is expand the area to
is the correlation compared with net a broader area.
method to find the profit of the This study
cause and affect company which indicates CSR is
relationship shows positive now considered
between CSR and relationship as an investment
impact on financial between CSR and not as
performance of the net profit. In expenditure
firm. Second measure therefore
CSR is compared companies should
with total assets of invest in
the firm which also performing CSR
shows the positive because if firms
link between CSR do so they will get
and total assets. more financial
Thus By these benefits than
findings, the what invested in
results show that CSR. Firms
there is significant should spend on
positive performing
relationship socially
between CSR and responsible
FP. Results show activities and by
that as the this companies
company increased will protects itself
spending on CSR from complaints,
the financial objections, and
performance of the lawsuits which
firm enhanced. occur because of
destroying
atmosphere and
injuring
employees due to
hazardous
operations of
companies.
5. Corporate This article aims to H1:CFP is typically Archival Study First, CSR There are some
Social review alternative measured with operationalisations challenges in
Responsibility operationalisations profitability ratios in empirical measuring CSR:
and and measurement retrieved from literature range (1) lack of
Financial approaches for the financial statements from concensus
Performance CSR and CFP that are relatively multidimensional concerning
Relationship: A concepts that have standardised and to one- operationalisation
Review of been deployed in readily available. dimensional. of the CSR
Measurent empirical literature H2: CSR-CFP Second, CSR concept, (2) the
Approaches concerned with the relationship is measurement data is mostly
CSR–CFP positive approaches include non-financialwith
relationship reputation indices, almost no
content analyses, standardisation,
questionnaire- (3) the dosclosure
based surveys and is not mandatory.
one-dimensional
measures, whereas
CFP measurement
approaches include
accounting-based
measures, market-
based measures
and combined
measures. Third,
no CSR
measurement
approach is
without
drawbacks. In
addition to
approach specific
drawbacks, two
problems inherent
 in most approaches
are researcher
subjectivity and
selection bias that
may influence the
nature of CSR–
CFP relationship
detected in
empirical
literature. Finally,
potential pathways
to remedy these
drawbacks are
suggested.
6. The Is there any positive H1a: there is a To answer the There is a positive There is a need
Relationship of relationship between positive relationship research questions relationship for further study
CSR and CFP and CSP under between CFP and of this study, between CFP and on the impact of
Financial the slack resource CSP based on the questionnaire- CSP under the contextual
Performance: theory? Is there any slack resource based survey slack resource variables of
New positive relationship theory research design theory and under corporate
Evidence From between CSP and H1b: there is a was used. The good management performance on
Indonesian CFP under good positive relationship questionnaires that theory. CSR as a base to
Companies management theory? between CSP and include items develop TBL-
CFP based on good representing based CSR
management theory variables in this reporting in
study (corporate Indonesia.
social performance,
corporate financial
performance,
business
environment,
strategy,
organization
 structure, and
control system)
were sent to the
respondents who
are managers of
state-owned
companies
(BUMN) and
private- owned
companies using
post and e-mail
services
7. Analisis 1. Does financial ROA significantly Sample selection The results of this 1. This research
pengaruh performance influence firm's using purposive study indicate that: only use
Kinerja significantly value in a positive sampling (1) financial manufacturing
keuangan influence the value of way technique. Data performance which companies as
Terhadap nilai manufacturing collection proxied by ROA sample
Perusahaan
companies listed in techniques used in have a significant 2. the study did
dengan
Pengungkapan IDX? this study is a positive effect on not considered
Corporate social 2. Can the disclosure method of firm value, (2) the types and
Responsibilty of CSR moderate the documentary study CSR is not able to characteristics of
(csr) relationship of by obtaining data in moderate financial subsector in
Sebagai variabel financial performance the form of performance with manufacturing
Moderating to the value of company annual the value of the companies
manufacturing report.Data company. 3. the study only
companies in IDX? analysis tool used use CSR
multiple regression disclosure as a
analysis tools and moderating
interaction test or variable
commonly called 4. the study only
Moderated use ROA as a
Regression measure of
Analysis (MRA)
which preceded by financial
descriptive analisis performance
followed by
classical
assumption test,
hypothesis test
using F test and t
test.