Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1

Annotated Bibliography

Mental Health in UTEP

Aydee Carrillo

The University of Texas at El Paso

RWS 1301

Dr. Vierra

October 23, 2018

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2

Research Questions

What is the definition of a mental illness/disorder?

What is the audience that is most affected by a mental disorder?

What are the causes of a mental disorder?

Does UTEP provide any type of counseling for students that suffer from a mental disorder?

How does a mental illness affect your everyday consistency?

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3

Annotated Bibliography

Ganesh Maharaja, S. (2017). Cutting and self-harm. Retrieved September 6, 2018, from https://0-

search-credoreference-com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/ogimental/cutting_and_self_harm/0

The article Cutting and self-harm (2017) explains the term “self-injury” that refers to

when a person purposely hurts his or her own body. Ganesh Maharaja’s article highlights

the dangers of self-injury that come with many risks, these can lead to scars, bruises,

infections, and even death. In addition, once you start self-harming yourself, it could be

extremely difficult to stop since it creates a sort of addiction for the pain that is being felt.

Some teens who hurt themselves keep their feelings bottled up inside. The physical pain

then offers a sense of relief, like the feelings are getting out. says Maharaja. With this

researchers can conclude that teens who hold back their emotions and are “hard to reach

to” are most likely to suffer self-harm. The author also encourages the reader to speak out

if they are found in a situation like this one, how, and who to talk this about. Add page

numbers

Encyclopedia Britannica. (2018). Mental disorder. Retrieved September 4, 2018, from https://0-

academic-eb-com.lib.utep.edu/levels/collegiate/article/mental-disorder/109830#

According to the Britannica Encyclopedia a mental disorder is any illness with

significant psychological or behavioral manifestations that is associated with either a painful or

distressing symptom or an impairment in one or more important areas of functioning. By this

definition we can observe a deeper meaning of the words “mental health” in comparison to the

meaning that we are used to hear. Mental disorders have always been common, but nowadays

mental illnesses are more likely to appear during the young-adulthood, thanks to several factors

leading to such illness. Some of these situations are home disruption, lack of attention, social

pressure, for example in educational environments. Add page numbers

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4

Hilton, A. (2013). Self-Injurious behavior. In C. R. Reynolds, K. J. Vannest, & E.

Fletcher-Janzen (Eds.), Encyclopedia of special education: a reference for the education

of children, adolescents, and adults with disabilities and other exceptional individuals

(4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Retrieved from https://0-search-credoreference-

com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/wileyse/self_injurious_behavior/0#ese2168-bib-0001

According to Alan Hilton (2013) Self-injurious behavior is the most unusual and

“aberrant” behavior form, and it may include: biting, head-banging, face slapping, pinching, or

slapping, etc. The hypothetical causes of self-injurious behavior according to Carr, include

seeking attention, trying to escape, gaining stimulation, psychosis, and genetic and biological

factors; which come from the parents. Carr was able to support his hypotheses by doing research

to each of the causes. The etiology, for self-injurious behavior has been in debate for a long time,

and it seems to be an organic basis, and data that supports this issue. Possible improvements for

self-injurious behavior would be: medical interventions, psychotherapy, and psychological

methods are occasionally appropriate and successful in reducing or completely eliminating self-

injurious behavior.

Grant, V. W. (1963). This is mental illness. Beacon Pr.

Vernon Grant (1963) sets out the book: “This is mental illness” to make psychosis

understandable for common people, meaning to make it look somehow normal. Additionally,

Grant presents powerful tools along the book, for the understanding of the oddest happenings of

which the human mind is capable as well as persuasive reasons for reaching that understanding.

The most persuasive of these, is that the author himself has lived and felt with the sickest people

that psychological medicine admits. Grant’s main goal is to show that the outwardly strange
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5

behavior of the mentally ill not only makes sense in terms of normal human feelings and desires,

but that much of it, while seemingly pointless as well as abnormal actually serves as a purpose.

Norden, M. J. (1999). Mental Illness Is a Serious Problem. In Mental Health (II ed., pp.

12-187). San Diego, CA: Library of Congress Cataloging.

Norden (1999) claims that mental illness nowadays, is a serious problem that affects

almost everyone and that is how is spread. The author stresses with assurance the claim that

nearly everyone will suffer a mental illness. The article says that mental illness is mostly stress

related problem, but most people will always find “stress related illness” a far more acceptable

term because people will never want to accept the truth of mental illness as it is. In fact, Norden

provided the example that two of Western’s culture most revered leaders; Abraham Lincoln and

Winston Churchill, wrote in detail their struggle with depression. At a point Lincoln concluded

with “I am now quite certainly the most miserable man alive.” In reality people do not have to

fear the truth of mental illnesses and how it is being widespread, because most probably

everyone is going to have to suffer at least one type of mental illness during their lifetime.

Mills, A. (2007). Mental health. In Y. Jewkes, & J. Bennett (Eds.), Dictionary of prisons

and punishment. Devon, UK: Willan Publishing. Retrieved from http://0-

search.credoreference.com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/willandpp/mental_health/0?instituti

onId=9821

Alice Mills (2007) article focuses on mental health on prisons and indicates that the

prevalence of a mental disorder is much higher among prisoners than in general population and it

argues that mentally disordered offenders should not be sent to prison but should be cared by

community health and social services. Research carried out in 1997 suggested that over 90 per

cent had one or more of the five psychiatric disorders studied personality disorder, including:
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 6

psychosis, neurosis, hazardous drinking and drug dependence, and between 42 and 61 per cent

suffered from three or more. Causes of this problem could associate with lacking activity, fear of

other prisoners, isolation, dirty conditions and being overcrowded.

Rosenberg, D. (2018). 1 in 5 college students have anxiety or depression. Here's why. In

The Conversation (Ed.), The conversation. Boston, MA: The Conversation. Retrieved

from http://0-

search.credoreference.com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/conversqauq/1_in_5_college_stude

nts_have_anxiety_or_depression_heres_why/0?institutionId=9821

An article found in Credo Reference called: 1 in 5 College Students Have Anxiety or

Depression. (2018) Explains and proves why 1 in 5 college students suffer from anxiety or

depression. In recent years depression and anxiety have afflicted students at alarming rates. As

noted in the latest Center for Collegiate Mental Health report, anxiety and depression are the top

reasons why college students seek counseling. A professor of psychiatry and a practicing

psychiatrist who has experience with mental health problems among college students, came up

with different factors that may contribute to anxiety and depression that students are facing. For

example: Social media and technology, Drugs, Homesickness, and Separation anxiety. The key

to face these psychological problems effectively would be, seeking counseling and realizing you

have a problem, helplines and hotlines can provide a false sense of security and belief that

excellent care is available although studies have shown that most of the students that suffer from

anxiety and depression do not get treatment.

Alcohol and mental health. (2017). In K. Jones, Teen Health Series: Alcohol Information

for teens (4th ed.). Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, Inc. Retrieved from http://0-
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 7

search.credoreference.com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/ogialcohol/alcohol_and_mental_he

alth/0?institutionId=9821

The article Alcohol and Mental Health (2017) found in Credo Reference, explains the

reason why a mental illness goes hand in hand with a substance use disorder. In 2014, 20.2

million adults in the United States had a substance use disorder and 7.9 million had both a

substance use disorder and another mental illness. (pg. 1) Having two illnesses at the same time

is called “comorbidity” and it can make treating each disorder more difficult. These two illnesses

sometimes occur together due to that mental health problems may lead to alcohol or drug use as

a way to “end” the problem, and mental and substance use disorders share some underlying

causes. It is more likely to find a substance use disorder when the mental disorders include

depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and personality disorders.

SMITHPETER, M. V., ROGERS, M. K., Roberts, L. W., & ROBERTS, L. W. (2004).

Student health. In S. Loue, & M. Sajatovic (Eds.), Encyclopedia of women's health.

Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. Retrieved from http://0-

search.credoreference.com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/sprwh/student_health/0?institutionI

d=9821

According to Student Health (2004) about 1 in 10 college students have some kind of

disability. Approximately 3.5 million college students in the United States do not have health

insurance. These individuals may face substantial barriers in seeking access to health care.

Alcohol consumption is one of the many significant problems among college students as well as

the use of tobacco. Alcohol use among college students is also related to unsafe sexual behavior,

violence, and academic problems while, the use of tobacco may place students at a risk for long
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 8

term addiction and associated health problems. In most of the cases the problem behind alcohol

consumption and the use of tobacco among college students are mental health issues, common

problems among college campuses include depression, anxiety, gender identity issues, and eating

disorders.

Ei Ansari, W., & Ansari, W. E. (2009). Student health. In F. Wilson, & M. Mabhala

(Eds.), Key concepts in public health. London, UK: Sage UK. Retrieved from http://0-

search.credoreference.com.lib.utep.edu/content/entry/sageukph/student_health/0?instituti

onId=9821

Student Health from key concepts in public health (2009) highlights many features that

make students an important group whose lifestyle features should be researched as well as

health-promoting behaviors, psychological wellbeing or attitudes that are not conducive to

health. Anxiety and depression are the commonest challenges to students' mental health: students

are more likely to suffer mental health problems because they are concerned about their

studies (Wardle et al., 2004). From small colleges to large universities, the number of college

students in distress has grown, with increasing reports of deaths due to substance abuse,

homicide and suicide among college students. The risk factors intertwine and need to be

thoroughly understood and disentangled. Only then can specifically tailored, effective, evidence-

based health promotion programs be targeted at this group.

Hall, J. (2003). Clinical Depression is more than meets the eye. The Prospector, p. single

page. Retrieved from https://theprospector.newspaperarchive.com/el-paso-

prospector/2003-10-15/page-9/
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 9

The Clinical Depression is more than meets the eye. (2003) explains that the UTEP

Counseling center is holding a depression screening day that will be opened for any interested or

concerned student. According to Abbey Cooperman, depression is under diagnosed, many people

struggle with clinical depression and never reach out for help. The goal for this screening is to

educate people about depression and various treatment options so that they get the recovery they

need to. Clinical depression also holds special risks for number of individuals, a strong genetic

component is that a women is twice as likely to suffer from major depression than men.

Depression is very common throughout the population and is under treated due to the stigma

attached to all mental illnesses.

Hall, J. (2006). Changing the face of college students. The Prospector, p. 11. Retrieved

from https://theprospector.newspaperarchive.com/el-paso-prospector/2004-10-06/page-

10

According to Changing the face of college students (2006) student’s mental health

increased involvement of parents and the role of technology in the lives of students. 42 percent

of students interviewed reported being functionally impaired by depression and 77 percent of the

students admitted to feeling sad in the past year and 90 percent of students reported feeling

overwhelmed. The mental health issues for students was the most revealing, said Christy Moran

and states that mental health issues is closely tied to disciplinary issues, students who violate

policies like plagiarism and cheating also struggle with mental health issues.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 10