Syndrome of Inappropriate  Desmopressin (DDAVP, Ferring, Kiel,

Germany), vasopressin
Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
 Oxytocin
Overview
 Chlorpropamide
 Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced
 Clofibrate
by an area of the brain called the
2. Conditions can trigger abnormal ADH
hypothalamus. This hormone is stored in
production, including:
and released by the pituitary gland.
 brain infections
 ADH controls how your body releases
and conserves water.  bleeding in or around the brain
 head trauma
 Excess production of ADH (also called
Vasopressin), is called syndrome of  hydrocephalus
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)  Guillian-Barre syndrome
 IADH makes it harder for your body to  multiple sclerosis
release water.  infections including HIV and Rocky
 SIDAH causes levels of electrolytes, like Mountain spotted fever
sodium, to fall as a result of water  cancers of the lung or gastrointestinal or
retention. genitourinary tract, lymphoma, sarcoma
 A low sodium level or hyponatremia is a  lung infections
major complication of SIADH and is  asthma
responsible for many of the symptoms of  cystic fibrosis
SIADH.  medications
 Early symptoms may be mild and include  anesthesia
cramping, nausea, and vomiting. In  hereditary factors
severe cases, SIADH can cause confusion,  sarcoidosis
seizures, and coma.
 Treatment usually begins with limiting Symptoms of SIADH
fluid intake to prevent further buildup. SIADH makes it difficult for your body to
Additional treatment will depend on the get rid of excess water. This causes a buildup of
cause. fluids as well as abnormally low sodium levels.
 “ectopic ADH secretion.” – other name of
SIADH. Symptoms may be mild and vague at first, but tend
to build. Severe cases may involve these symptoms:
Possible Cause
1. Drugs that may cause SIADH.  irritability and restlessness
 Antidepressant agents (selective  loss of appetite
serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic  cramps
antidepressants)’  nausea and vomiting
 Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine  muscle weakness
 Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide  confusion
 Hydrochlorothiazide, thiazides  hallucinations
 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs  personality changes
 Vincristine  seizures
 Neuroleptic agents  stupor
 coma
Symptoms and findings in hyponatremia  Your age, overall health, and medical
[Adrogué, 2005]. history
 Extent of the disease
Mild to moderate  Your tolerance for specific medications,
 Headache, procedures, or therapies
 lethargy,  Expectations for the course of the disease
 slowness,  Your opinion or preference
 poor concentration,
 depressed mood, The most commonly prescribed treatment for
 lack of attention, SIADH is fluid and water restriction. If the
condition is chronic, fluid restriction may need to be
 impaired memory,
permanent. Treatment may also include:
 nausea,
 Certain medications that inhibit the action of
 restlessness,
ADH (also called vasopressin)
 instability of gait and falls,
 Surgical removal of a tumor that is
 muscle cramps, tremor
producing ADH
Advanced
 Other medicines to help regulate body fluid
 Confusion, volume
 disorientation,
 somnolence,
 vomiting,
 hallucinations,
 acute psychosis,
 limb weakness,
 dysarthria
Grave
 Seizures,
 hemiplegia,
 severe somnolence,
 respiratory insufficiency,
 coma,
 death

How is SIADH diagnosed?

In addition to a complete medical history and
physical examination, to confirm diagnosis of
SIADH, blood and urine tests will need to be
performed to measure sodium, potassium, and
osmolality (concentration of solution in the blood
and urine).

Treatment for SIADH

Specific treatment for SIADH will be determined
by your doctor based on: