Grammar Reference   1

• Present simple • Verb + -ing

Affirmative Affirmative
I/You/We/They play I/You/We/They like watching
basketball. cartoons.
He/She/It plays He/She/It likes watching
Negative Negative
I/You/We/They don’t (do not) play I/You/We/They don’t like watching
basketball. cartoons.
He/She/It doesn’t (does not) play He/She/It doesn’t like watching
Questions and short answers Questions
Do I/you/we/they play Yes, I/you/we/they do. Do I/you/we/they like watching cartoons?
basketball? No, I/you/we/they don’t. Does he/she/it like watching cartoons?
Does he/she/it play basketball? Yes, he/she/it does.
No, he/she/it doesn’t.
Use
We use enjoy, hate, like, love and don’t mind + verb +
Wh questions
-ing to talk about things we like or don’t like doing.
What sports do you play?
They enjoy talking to their friends on the phone.
Use Form
We use the Present simple to talk about: The verbs enjoy, hate, like, love and don’t mind are
• routines and habits.  He practices every day. followed by a verb ending in -ing.
• things that are true in general.  They live in Rome.
I don’t mind watching football on TV.
Form Spelling rules: verb + -ing
• To form the third person singular (with he, she and
it), we add -s, -es or -ies to the verb.  most verbs: add -ing  play ➝ playing
She goes to the gym.
• To form the negative, we use don’t (do not) with verbs that end in -e: drop the -e and add -ing 
I, you, we and they. We use doesn’t (does not) come ➝ coming
with he, she and it. verbs that end in one vowel + one consonant:
We don’t play tennis. double the consonant and add -ing  sit ➝ sitting
• To form questions, we use do with I, you, we and
they. We use does with he, she and it. 
Does she like sports? • Adverbs of frequency
Spelling rules: verb + -s 0% 100%
never/hardly ever sometimes/often usually/always
most verbs: add -s
read ➝ reads   play ➝ plays Use
• We often use adverbs of frequency to say how
verbs that end in -ss, -ch, -sh, -x and -o: add -es often we do something.
kiss ➝ kisses   watch ➝ watches   I always watch the Olympic Games on TV.
wash ➝ washes fix ➝ fixes   go ➝ goes • Adverbs of frequency usually go:
– before the main verb.
verbs that end in a consonant + y: drop the y and add -ies
I never eat pizza.
try ➝ tries   study ➝ studies
– after the verb to be.
There is often a football game on Monday.

86 Grammar Reference Unit 1 • Play the Game!

Grammar practice • Present simple • Verb + -ing
1 Choose the correct options. 4 Complete the sentences with the correct
1 My brother doesn’t wear sneakers to school. form of the verbs.
a  don’t wear b  doesn’t wear c  not wear
2 We sports after school on Mondays love:   like/enjoy:   don’t mind:
and Fridays. don’t like: hate:
a do b does c  doesn’t do
3 you play the guitar? 1 I love watching (watch) movies at the
a Do b Does c Doesn’t movie theater.   
4 Jenny swimming every day. 2 John (do) sports
a go b goes c  don’t go at school.  
5 Sam do sports on the weekend? 3 The dog (play) in the
a  Is b  Do c  Does yard with the ball.  
6 My friends play team sports. 4 The girls (watch) sports
a not b don’t c doesn’t on TV. 
5 She (wear) sneakers.  
2 Complete the questions. Then match the 6  Lucy and Ben (go)
questions (1–6) to the answers (a–f). skateboarding on the weekend.  
1 Do you like track, Jack?  e
2 Emma like museums?
3 they go swimming every day? • Adverbs of frequency
4 he go snowboarding every winter?
5 you play basketball every week, guys? 5 Put the adverbs of frequency in the
6 it rain every day in Oregon? correct order.
a No, they don’t. always hardly ever never
b No, it doesn’t. often sometimes usually
c Yes, he does. 0%
d No, she doesn’t. 1 /
e Yes, I do. 2 /
f Yes, we do.
3 / always
100%
3 Make sentences or questions with the
Present simple. 6 Put the words in the correct order.
1 T-shirts / I / wear / never / to school
1 she / play / ice hockey / after school  
She doesn’t play ice hockey after school. I never wear T-shirts to school.
2 what sports / you / like  ? 2 the gym / She / goes / often / to

3 Max / like / football and basketball   3 makes / pizza / hardly ever / My mother

4 we / do / track / at school   4 a party / is / on the weekend / usually / There

5 Anna and Daniel / run / every day  ? 5 his homework / Sam / on a laptop / always /
does
6 Jack / go / swimming / every Saturday  
6 sometimes / on TV / There / a good movie / is

Grammar Reference Unit 1 • Play the Game! 87