Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GIFT OF
W. W. Kemp
—_
•
1
EDUCATION DEPT.
WW I ' i- i
GIFT OF
W. W. Kemp
3
GHje Hake Classical Verted
AD ALPES
A TALE OF ROMA?< LIFE
BY
H. C. NUTTING
University of California
<3p
274.1
EDUCATION DEPT.
To
THE BOYS AND GIRLS OF TODAY
WHO WOULD JOIN HANDS WITH
THE BOYS AND GIRLS
OF YESTERDAY
M56003
II— I I
PREFACE
The conditions of Latin teaching have changed much in the
last fifteen or twenty years. Once the subject was rigidly
required, and too often the requirement was ruthlessly admin
istered, without regard for the difficulties encountered by the
student, and without any particular care to enlist his interest.
Now the gradual shift to an elective basis necessitates certain
adjustments.
It has long been recognized that the transition from the
conventional beginners' book to Caesar is too abrupt; and there
has been more or less agitation for an extension of "beginning
Latin" to the end of the third half-year, thus making room for
a considerable amount of graded reading before the first Latin
author is seriously taken up. Happily this reform seems at
length in a fair way to be realized, as indicated by the recent
action of the College Entrance Examination Board. It is
hoped that the change will result in a large decrease in the
excessive mortality that used to mark the end of the first year's
work.
Long experience has led the writer to believe that, at the
beginning of the third year, there is need of a somewhat simi
lar change of procedure; for it is likely that Cicero will long
continue to be the outstanding feature of the reading of that
year, and the transition from Caesar is by no means an easy
one.
The student who passes directly from one author to the
other is confronted simultaneously by three difficulties: (1) an
unfamiliar vocabulary, (2) long and complicated sentence
structure, and (3) thought and content rather remote from
his own experience and very hard to grasp when the reading
progresses at the rate of a few lines a day.
3
4 PREFACE
search for extracts easy to read has led too often to the choice
of the pitiable and unmanly messages penned by Cicero dur
ing the time of his exile. At the other extreme, it has recently
been proposed to supplement Cicero's orations by a random
selection from a variety of sources, including such a work as
De Finibus, which is difficult reading even for college seniors.
The present text avoids these rocks and shoals. And the
hope is entertained that this new method of approach may
bring help and encouragement to many teachers, who are
waging a hard fight to save third- and fourth-year Latin, by
opening up a vista of attractive reading that will lure on more
students into the work of the third year and give them some
conception of the richness and variety of Latin literature.
For assistance in bringing out this volume, special thanks
are due Professors Katherine Allen and Grant Showerman, of
the University of Wisconsin, Professor Charles E. Bennett,
of Amherst College, Professor D wight N. Robinson, of Ohio
Wesleyan University, Dr. Robert S. Rogers, of Princeton
University, and Professor Harry F. Scott, of Ohio University,
all of whom have contributed generously to the illustration
of the text.
Other help has been given by Mr. Bernard M. Allen, Pro
fessor William F. Bade, of the Pacific School of Religion, and
Miss Florence H. Robinson, of Berkeley; and the publishers
have spared no pains to provide a suitable and attractive
dress for this new venture in the field of Latin bookmaking.
H. C. N.
University of California
March 15, 1927
CONTENTS
PAGE
Preface • 3
H. At Sea 20
Stasimus as an Interpreter 20
Hannibal against the Rhodians 22
Hannibal against Eumenes 22
III. AtSea 24
Crete 24
Story of Ariadne 24
Hannibal's Visit to Crete 28
IV. At Sea 29
Isthmus of Corinth 29
The Boastful Host 31
Portents in the Behavior of Birds 33
V. At Sea 35
The Song of Anna 36
Samson 37
David and Goliath 38
Water from the Well at Bethlehem 39
VI. At Sea 40
Storm and Shipwreck 40
Lighthouse at Brundisium 43
VII. At Anchor off Brundisium 45
Daniel and the Lions 47
VIII. At Anchor off Brundisium 50
Stasimus and the Country Slave 50
Jonah 53
Lullaby of Drusilla 54
IX. Landing at Brundisium 56
Crossing the Red Sea 57
Auction 58
9
10 CONTENTS
Caput pagb
XI. To Tarentttm 64
The Farmer and the Blrds °°
Proserpina °°
XII. At Tarentum ™
Death of Archimedes '
y
Fall of Amphitheater at Fidenae 71
Missiles Thrown from Proscenium 73
0 An Actor Who Fell Asleep 74
XIII. At Tarentum 75
Stasimus and the Crabs 75
Nero as an Artist 75
Caligula; His Name and Vagaries '7
XIV. To Venusia 80
Pranks of Nero
Tossing in a Blanket °°|
Cruelty of Domitian J
Stories of Bald-headed Men |1
»2
Babes in the Woods 85
XV. At Venusia 86
Innkeeper and Doctor ™
Stasimus and the Peddler 88
XVI. At a Hamlet 91
Ghost Stories «
City Mouse and Country Mouse 84
XVII. To Beneventum 96
Story of Damocles 9b
Philoxenus as a Literary Critic 97
Diogenes and Aristippus 99
Lautumiae 99
Battle of Cannae 100
Caput i"A«E
XXI. To Fundi 118
Cicero on Gladiatorial Combats. . 118
Contest between Prisoners of Hannibal 119
Rope-walking Elephants 120
Gladiators in Sea-Fights 120
Midas 121
XXII. To Appi Forum 123
Paul and the Christians 123
Regulus 126
Canal along the Appian Way 129
XXIII. To Rome 130
Albanus Mons 130
Priests of Diana 130
Mausoleum 132
Death of Vitellius 133
XXIV. In the Country 136
Vespasian in the East 137
The Dead Sea 137
Forms of Worship in Palestine 139
Floating Islands 140
Stasimus and the One-eyed Soldier 141
XXV. Return to Rome 142
Letter from Cornelius 142
Sack and Rebuilding of Rome 144
Fire in Nero's Time 145
XXVI. To Falerii 147
The Mulvian Bridge 147
Cicero's Verse 148
March of the Fabii 148
Arrival of the Magna Mater at Rome 149
Sacrifice of Fabius during the Siege of the Capitolium . . 150
XXVII. At Falerii 153
Milo the Athlete 153
Polydamas Killed in a Cave 155
Sejanus Saves the Life of Tiberius 155
Gvges and the Ring 156
XXVIII. ToNarnia 158
An Alarming Omen 158
Omens Given a Favorable Turn 158
Adventure with Brigands 160
XXIX. ToNuceria 164
A Night Alarm 164
Stasimus and the Irate Farmer 165
XXX. To a Certain Villa 169
Battle of Sentinum 169
Heroism of Marcus Curtius 171
The Water Supply of Alexandria 173
XXXI. To Fanum Fortunae 175
Battle at the Metaurus 175
Moses in the Bulrushes 178
12 CONTENTS
Caput paqb
XXXII. ToArminum 180
Crossing the Rubicon ISO
Caesar at Corfinium 182
Britain Circumnavigated 183
XXXIII. ToBononia 185
Orpheus and Eurydice 18«
Charon and the Acheron 187
Dido's Treasure 189
Red Beards of the Domitii 190
XXXIV. To Parma 191
Story of Absalom 191
The Old Soldier's Raven 193
The Heroic Centurion 194
An Officer Who Believed in Flogging 195
XXXV. To Placentia 196
Sack of Cremona 197
Fall of Jericho 199
Rahab and the Spies 200
Crastinus 2°1
XXXVI. At Placentta 203
Story of Achan 203
Stasimus and the Crabbed Old Man 205
Battles of the Ticinus and the Trebia 207
XXXVII. To Mediolanum 210
Pyramus and Thisbe 211
Sextus and the Farmer's Apples 213
XXXVIII. At Mediolanum 215
The Blind Soldier 215
Invasions of Britain 216
Straying Horse Causes Alarm 217
Galba's Decision Regarding the Ass 219
Solomon's Judgment 220
XXXIX. To Comum 221
Stasimus and the One-armed Stranger tzl
The Daughters of Danaus • • • . 222
Pliny as a Hunter 225
Pliny Contributes to the Endowment of a School 226
XL. Placentia to Eporedia 227
The Inexperienced Traveler 22/
Significant Dreams 228
ad alpes 231
Appendix 233
List of Abbreviations 240
Vocabulary 241
Brief Subject Index 295
LIST OF MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Alpes Frontispiece
Qtjo Modo ViatOres ex Asia in Italiam et ad Alpes Iteb
Fecerunt 16
Amphitheatrum 23
Athenae 25
Isthmus, ut Nunc Perfossus Est 30
Forum Romanum 34
Templum 39
LItus Galliae et Pharus 44
Patria Poetae CatullI 49
Quo Modo RomanI Saxa Collocabant 51
"sllva simul sinb murmure stat" 55
Via AntIqua 65
ViaAppia 69
Theatrum 72
Africa, Hannibalis Patria 83
Via per Rura Ferens 90
RuInae 92
Lautumiae 98
Urbis Porta 101
Pars Superior RhodanI 107
Vesuvius 109
Quo Modo ChrIstianI Romae SepultI Sunt 127
EurIpus 129
Via Appia et Sepulchra 131
MIliarium 135
Urbs Campaniae 138
Ostia 152
Oppidum a Vesuvio Obrutum 157
Narnia 161
Ostium Tiberis 168
Quo Modo RomanI Aquam in Urbes Ducebant 172
Loca prope VIllam Poetae HoratI FlaccI 179
Sepulchra 186
Balneum 198
13
14 LIST OF MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Lacus AvEBNtJS 202
Vasa Fictilia 209
Urnae. 214
Muhus HadhianI 218
Lacus ad Quem Comum Positum Est 224
Lfrus Britanniae 231
EXPLANATORY NOTE
15
16
AD ALPES
CAPUT I
Navis iam per undas celeriter progrediebatur, omnesque e
puppl lltus leniter e conspectu recedens conspiciebant. Ac
postremo DrGsilla: "Qulnque iam sunt annl," inquit, "cum in
hanc terram barbaram iter f ecimus. Quam gaudeo nobls denique
licere domum revertl, ut tandem patriam et parentes meos
vlsamus!"
Tum Cornelius: "Recte dlcis," inquit. "Sed dum hlc mora-
bamur, multa mlranda et iucunda vldimus, nec me paenitet his
in locls longinquls qulnquennium transegisse. Sed nunc doml
esse maxime cupio, ut Publius noster et Sextus omnia discant,
quae clvibus Romanls nota esse debent. Et ego ipse forum
templaque deorum libentissime iterum aspiciam."
"Urbem vix reminlscl possum," inquit Cornelia; "tam eram
parvula, cum huc profectl sumus." Tum subito conversa ad
Lucium, quem in gremio Anna sago contectum tenebat: "Et
Lucius noster eam omnlno numquam aspexit." Quae cum
dlxisset, fratrem parvum arte amplexa est.
"Suadeo, uxor," inquit Cornelius, "ut cum ceterls tu nunc
in cameram redeas; nam ventus increbrescit. Sed ego et fllil
paulo diutius in puppl ambulabimus."
Cum Driisilla in cameram cum hberls servlsque se recepisset,
tum Publius, dum ultro citroque ambulant, patrl: "Videor mihi
recordarl," inquit, "quondam perlculosum fuisse in marl Aegaeo
29.
punishment; causal abl. with diebus, time within
which.
30. quibus, freely, on which.
42. dictator: distinguishing Julius
33. fugaverunt: not from fugio. Caesar from other Caesars.
34. ut est, as is said.
it
omnes supplicio eo adf ecit, quod antea quasi per iocum minatus
erat."
"Quam vellem," inquit Sextus, "piratae hodie quoque in hoc
marl navigarent! Si nostram navem adoriantur, ego els capita
prius abscldam, quam in puppim escendere possint." 60
51. iocor, -ari, -atus sum, intr., 61. cum . . . simularet, pretend-
joke. ing.
68. Quam vellem: introducing a 65. maior natu (supine), older.
wisn. 68. quod ederemus, something for
59. eis : trans. as if gen. us to eat.
CAPUT II
Illa nave vehebantur homines pluriml; sed dies complures
tam asperum erat mare, ut plerlque graviter nausea adficerentur,
pauclque in puppi ambulare possent. Mlrus et molestissimus
est hic morbus; qul enim eo adficitur, prlmo timet ne moriatur,
tum metuit ne in vlta retineatur.
Postremo autem omnibus est factum, rarlque in
melius
puppim prodierunt. In els erat senex quldam, qul lingua
barbara utebatur, nec quisquam plane intellegere poterat quid
ille dlcere vellet.
Denique mercator dlves, qui frustra cum sene loqul conatus
erat: "Nonne hlc adest quisquam," inquit, "cui lingua huius
peregrlnl nota sit?"
Forte Stasimus haud procul stabat. Qul cum haec audlvisset,
ut erat vafer, "Mihi," inquit, "omnes linguae notae sunt. Sl
exposueris quid rogare vells, ego libenter cum sene loquar."
Quo dicto, ad senem accessit, et sermo huius modl Institutus est:
Stasimus. Salve multum, senex.
Senex. Avo. Donni.
Mercator. Quid dlcit, obsecro?
Stasimus. Dicit se iubere te salvere, et tibi donum dare velle.
Mercdtor. Benigne facit. Sed quaere, quis sit homo, aut
unde veniat.
2. asper, -era, -erum, adj., rough. 18. Avo. Donni: this gibberish sug-
nausea, -ae, seasickness. gests Latin words to S., i.e.,
f.,
hibendas.
Palu mer ged etha.
Senex.
Stasimus. Dlcit se palas quoque vendere.
Mercator. Ad terram effodiendam, credo. Sed vix intelle-
gere possum cur negotia tam dlversa confundat. 35
commit. possible.
CAPUT II 23
AMPHITHEATRUM
CAPUT III
Postero procul terram aspexenrt, omnesque
die nautae
cupide ad latus navis properaverunt, quo melius eam viderent.
Tum Cornelio Sextus: "Quam terram, pater," inquit, "iam
aspicimus?"
"Cretam eam esse credo, mi flll," inquit Cornelius. "Insula
est magna, ibique multae res mirabiles factae esse dlcuntur.
Abl, sororl nuntia ut huc veniat. Fortasse ego quaedam
reminlscl possum, quae vos libenter audiatis."
"Euax!" inquit Sextus. "Abeo." Et celeriter in cameram
se recepit, unde brevl cum Cornelia et quibusdam llberls alils
egressus est.
plures, tanto melius," inquit Cornelius rldens.
"Quanto
"Huc accedite, llberl; in vell umbra sedeamus, dum v5bls
fabulam narro." Tum, cum omnes ad audiendum compositl et
intentl essent, ita loqul incipit:
"Multos abhinc annos Creta Athenas venit Androgeos,
Mlnois fllius, ut ibi descenderet in certamina, quae Pan-
athenaica vocantur. Ubique victor erat. Quare Aegeus, rex
Atheniensium, invidia commotus, iuvenl negotium dedit, ut
taurum Marathonium occlderet, hoc modo ratus se hospitem
ingratum facile sublaturum. Neque haec res eum fefellit; nam
iuvenis a monstro ipse dllaniatus est.
"Ubi haec Cretam sunt delata, Mlnos dolens et Ira commotus
1. aspexerunt, sighted. 16. Creta: island name; cf. the use
2. qu8: replacing u% in purp. of the acc, 1. 23.
clause with comp. Androgeos: nom. sing., Greek
7. nuntia: imper. decl.
12. Quanto plures, etc, the more 17- Mmois: gen. sing. of Minds,
the better. The abls. express Greek decl.
degree of difference. 19. negotium, commission.
24
25
26 AD ALPES
pestilence. 40.
27. quotannis, adv., every year. ^2- multiplex, -icis, adj., complv-
cated.
28. dilaniarentur: note mood. 43 therein
e6>
29. alo, alere, alui, altus, tr., keep. 45. tributum, -i, n., trihute.
35. maximo dolori: dat. of service. 53. candida: sc. vela.
CAPUT III 27
61.
62. puer: the slave. 74. dicebas, mentioned
64. familiam, household slaves. 78. alto: cf. English 'the deep.'
CAPUT IV 33
quam audlvl."
"Pulll illl," inquit Cornelius, "in cavels custodiuntur. Cum
perlculum adest, educuntur, cibusque els obicitur. Sl edere
nolunt, trlste omen; sln autem vorant tam cupide ut aliquid e _
neglegl.
"Nam P. Claudius pullos, qul cavea llberatl edere nollent,
in marl mergl iussit, cum dlceret els bibendum saltem esse,
etiam sl edere nollent. Cuius temeritatem del graviter ulclscl
videbantur, cum classis eius ad pugnam profecta clade maxima 105
vinceretur."
81. Quod: mod. of dmen. 99. detrimentum, -i, n., disaster;
84. qud: cf. III, 82. abl. case in text.
86. Nonne sunt qui, Are there not 10°- portentum, -i, n., warning.
thosewhof 103. cum diceret: cf. cum . . . si-
volatus, -us, m.,flight. mularet, I, 61.
87. futurus, -a, -um, a.d}. ,future. eis: cf. el, II, 73.
98. belld Punicd primo: abl. of temeritas, -atis,
f.,
104. roshness,
time. impiety.
34 AD ALPES
FORUM ROMANUM
CAPUT V
"
'Torquatus vol6 parvulus
Matris e gremio suae
Porrigens teneras manus
Dulce rldeat ad patrem
Semihiante labello.'
"
arrow. ., festival.
f f
(nam ipse iam caecus erat). Quo facto, Samson, cui capillus
interim riirsus promittebatur, omnibus viribus conlsus columnas
disiecit, et rulna templl hostes plurimos secum oppressit."
"Haec est fabula adprlme lepida," inquit Sextus. "Potesne
aliquid de bellatoribus clarls narrare?"
Tum Anna: "Annales gentis nostrae exemplls talibus abun-
dant. Longum est etiam pauca narrare. Sed olim erat pastor,
qul vixdum iuvenis ingentem occldit hostem, a quo nostrl verbls
contumeliosls ad proelium provocatl erant."
"De isto narra, sls," inquit Sextus. "Audlre cupimus."
At Anna: "Hostis erat gigas, quocum congredl nemo aude-
bat; quare omnes credebant hunc iuvenem dellrare, qul certamen
tam impar inlre vellet. Accedebat ut armls mllitaribus iiti
nesclret; quam ob rem in proelium prodiit cum funda tantum
et lapidibus quibusdam levibus."
"Amens profecto fuit," inquit Sextus, "qul slc armatus cum
bellatore ingentl congrederetur."
"Nullo modo," inquit Anna; "nam a deo auxilium sperabat,
neque res eum fefellit; priusquam enim hostis propius accedere
posset, lapidem in eius frontem tanta fellcitate impegit, ut
bellator ingens subito corruens huml pronus iaceret. Tum
adulescens, gladio ipslus arrepto, caput hostis abscldit sangui-
neque cruentum ad regem rettulit."
"Vah!" inquit Cornelia. "Facta talia audiens horresco.
Nonne quidquam laetius narrare potes?"
Tum Anna: "Multa laeta quoque commemorare possum.
70. cui: trans. as if gen. 78. provoco, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
71. conitor, -niti, -nisus or nizus challenge.
sum, intr., strive, strain. 82. impar, -aris, adj., unequal.
72. disicio, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr., vellet: note mood.
push ovt. Accedebat ut, lit., It was added
that; trans. freely.
76. Longum est, 'Twould take long.
83. tantum: adv.
77. vixdum: adv. phrase, scarcely
yet. 84. levis, -e, adj., smooth.
78. contumeliosus, -a, -um, adj., 89. felicitas, -atis, f . , luck, good aim .
insutting. impegit: see impingd.
CAPUT V 39
aqua illa adlata esset, bibere noluit eamque llbans huml per-
fudit.
"Regem optimum!" inquit Cornelia. "Huius modl fabulls
maxime delector."
Sed iam Lucius, qul diu tacitus sederat, querellas edere 110
TEMPLUM
CAPUT VI
"
'Totidemque videntur,
Quot veniant fluctiis, ruere atque inrumpere mortes.
Non tenet hic lacrimas; stupet hic; vocat ille beatos,
Funera quos maneant; hic votis niimen adorat
Bracchiaque ad caelum, quod non videt, irrita tollens
Poscit opem.'
"
48. luceo, -ere, luxi, intr., shine. 68. effrenate, adv., wUdly.
navicula, -ae, small ship.
f.,
49. scopuldsus, -a, -um, adj., rocky. 70. remus, -i, m., oar.
recta: sc. via; cf. ea, IV, 9.
71. Attat interj., take care!
!
miseri: voc.
gemitus, -us, m., groan.
73. gurges, -itis, m., flood.
61. pedetemptim, adv., slowly. luctor, -ari, -atus sum, intr.,
62. caute, adv., cautiously. struggle.
CAPUT VI 43
'
'
vow
6. qud: cf. III, 82. mm,A
'.
1R apud, in.
,n . - - . - 16-
naurragus. -i, m., skipwreckea
,
13. . .,
tnan 18. navita, -ae, m., sailor.
paulum afuit quin, lacked Messenio: voc.
it
24. solutis, relaxed; with curls (abl. 27. adquiesco, -quiescere, -quievi,
with comp.) intr., rest.
25. repono, -ponere, -posui, -posi- 28. quod . . . dfis, forgiving.
tus, tr., lay down. 29. parvi: gen. of value.
26. lar, laris, m., freely, rooftree. 31. pervenias: subj. indef. sec.
27. desideratus, -a, -um, adj., slng-
longed for; abl. of place 39. quam: cf. II, 74.
where in text. forte: cf. V, 112.
CAPUT VII 47
50. potissimum, best, i.e., by prefer- ■65. honSrem haberi, that honor be
ence. paid. The clause is subject
53. eo: neut. abl., with comp. of esse understood.
55. amabd: colloquial for obsecro. 66. vivas: a wish.
It is an expression used 67. Quod, since, in that.
mostly by women.
68. ne quis, (to the effect) that no
56. taedet: impers.
one.
60. apud, at the court of.
69. his, these (coming).
62. tantum: adv., lit., so much.
gratia: abl. of specif.
nisi: adv.
ei, against him. 70. damnatus esto: fut. imper.
48 AD ALPES
6. to
hear 13. An sign of a question.
n
. . exspectemus:
7.
51
52 AD ALPES
26. vos videre oportuit, you must 33. exitialis, -e, adj., deadly.
have seen; oportet is impers. 34. fulguritus, -a, -um, adj., struck
29. Cum: causal; trans., 'as.' by lightning.
30. solstitialis, -e, adj., of the sum- 35. sulcus, -i, m., furrow.
mer solstice; sunstroke or 41. eo praesente : abl. absol.
fever is referred to. 43. avus, -i, m., grandfather.
31. ut, like. nihil polliceor, I
....
45. . . . do not
32. fervidus, -a, -um, adj., hot. promise that anything.
CAPUT VIII 53
52. sescenti, -ae, -a, num. adj., 73. cuiusdam vatis: gen., as often
six hundred, an indefiniteiy with verbs of remembering.
largenumber. 76. Niniven: aee. sing., Greek
54. membrum, -I, n., limb; pl., decl.
body. 77. eo, thither; cf. quo, whither
54 AD ALPES
84. suum quisque deum, each his 103. -que . . . -que: like et . . . et.
own god; a sort of paren- gravatus, -a, -um, adj., weary.
thesis.
f.,
106.
82. Venibunt: see veneo. 88. Ab ovo, etc. : i.e., from the first
praesenti pecunia, for cash. course to the last. Note the
84. Veri simile est, impers. phrase, d of mala.
'
It is probable. 94. comminiscor, -minisci, -men-
86. aliqud: cf. qud, ed, and eodem. tus sum, tr., think up, imag-
exsulatum: supine. ine.
88. saepius secum: supply a verb 95. praecurro -currere, -cucurri,
of saying; saepius, again and -cursus, tr. and intr., run
again, very often (absolute ahead.
use of the comparative, to
indicate a high degree). 100. amicitia, -ae, f ., friendship.
CAPUT X
agnosceret."
Dum haec narrantur, Publius, qul Hbrum quendam quaere-
bat, in conclave intraverat, et ille: "Cum talia de bestils audio,"
inquit, "admoneor de verbls poetae Vergill, qul cecinit quam
mlrandae res futurae essent, cum iterum aetas aurea in terras 95
rediisset:
" 'Ipsae
lacte domum referent distenta capellae
Ubera, nec magnos metuent armenta leones.' "
58. nec . . . neque, neither . . . nor. 67. Valeant, freely, afigfor; (repre-
60. ferveo, -ere, intr., glaw. sents valete shifted to third
61 . it dies, time passes.
person).
nulli: i.e., not at aU. 68. falz, falcis, f ., scythe.
62. cognatos et adfines, (blood) re- 70. abeundi: i.e., to move.
lations and connections (by 73. quo illa, etc, what its bearing
marriage). is; cf. quo, III, 82.
66. nihild: strictly, abl. of degree 75. Suam, his own.
of difference. 76. tanti: cf. minimi, 1. 18.
68 AD ALPES
81. iam diu: cf. note on IV, 114. 94. aveho, -vehere, -vexi, -vectus,
83. viola, -ae, violet. tr.; pass., ride away.
f.,
92. in colla, freely, over the backs. 103. Cyanes: gen. sing.; cf. line 97.
CAPUT XI 69
Sed omnes cura magna sunt levatl, ubi denique moenia Taren-
tlna vlderunt et in urbem receptl sunt.
2. num quae, whether any. 15. dissonus, -a, -um, adj., dis-
5. Syracusls: pl. town name; cordant.
f.,
12.
geometric. intensive.
15. studiis: dat. 22. circulus, -i, m., circle.
70
CAPUT XII 71
27. doctus, -a, -um, adj., learned. 47. Fldenis: loc. of Fidenae.
28. perfectis: modifier of machinla. ligneus, -a, -um, adj., (made) of
wood.
35. tibi in mora fui: i.e., caused
you delay. 48. subdd, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr.,
put underneath.
36. paulum afuit: cf. VII, 13.
49. firmus, -a, -um, adj., strong.
serio, adv., in earnest.
(nexus, -us), m., fastening,
f.,
beam.
72
CAPUT XII 73
sint."
"Ludos spectare pervelim," inquit Sextus.
aliquos "Ne
histriones quidem in scaena umquam vldl. Nonne spectacula
85 lepida et iucunda sunt?"
"Interdum et rldicula," inquit pater. "Velut erat Fufius
quldam, qul olim partes matris dormientis agebat. Brevl in
scaenam processit umbra flll inhumatl, qul matrem 5rabat ut
corpus sepellret. Sed Fufius, qul forte ebrius erat, iam re vera
so dormiebat; quare neque umbram audlre poterat nec quidquam
respondit. Quo animadvers5, spectatores omnes una v5ce pr5
umbra vociferatl sunt: 'Mater, te appell5.'"
"Hahahae!" inquit Sextus. "Hoc certe luculentum fuit."
"Sed," inquit Cornelius, "it dies. Abeamus igitur, sl forte
95 Onesimus iam e portu redeat."
Ubi ad devers5rium ventum est, a Drusilla certiores factl
sunt Onesimum n5ndum rediisse, et Cornelius: "Multae naves,
ut oplnor," inquit, "nuper huc appulsae sunt; et verl simile
est Onesimum aliquanto diutius afuturum. Quare omnibus,
100 ut cuique libet, se interim licet oblectare." Quae cum dicta
essent, alil in aliam partem discesserunt omnes.
77. Ludis Maximis: time when. 89. corpus sepeliret: cf. the note
81. pro sint, take the place of.
. . . on VI> 26-
84. histrio, -onis, m., actor. 92- Mater, etc. : the words of the
play-
86. et,oho. M .
Abeamus:
,hortatory
87. partes, role.
98- sunlle: cf- IX' 84"
88. umbra, ghost. ^n
inhumatus, -a, -um, adj., un- 10°- llbet: impers.
buried. 101. alii in aliam: cf. III, 111.
CAPUT XIII
Paulo post, cum iterum eodem convenissent, Publio Cor-
nelius: "Modo dlcebas," inquit, "Stasimum nostrum coquum
ludificasse. Quid, obsecro, factum est?"
"Coquus," inquit Publius, "pisces in aqua condiderat, ut
eos refrlgeraret. Stasimus autem, coquo nescio, pisces detraxit,
et quosdam cancros vlvos introduxit. Cumque coquus im-
prudens manus in aquam iniecisset, cancer subito eius digitum
arripuit. Quo vlso, Stasimus in cachinnos maximos effusus
est, coquus autem Ira commotus cultrum manu rapuit; ac vero
paulum afuit quln hominem occlderet. Sed ego opportune
proelium direml."
"Aliquando istum scelestum impudentiae suae paenitebit,"
inquit Cornelius. "Sed iam adest Onesimus. Quid novl,
Onesime?"
"Per portum totum ambulavl navesque adil omnes," inquit
Onesimus, "neque ullam invenlre potul, quae nuper Syracusls
soluta erat. Sed dlcebant cras duas inde exspectarl."
Tum Cornelius: "Etsl multo mane hinc abIre in animo
habul," inquit, "manendum est, censeo; nam iam dhi est factum,
cum litterae nullae Syracusls mihi adlatae sunt."
Itaque omnes, usque ad cenae tempus modls dlversis se
oblectaverunt. Cum autem mensae remotae essent, patrl Sextus :
"Modo maxime delectatus sum els," inquit, "quae de impera-
tore Nerone dlxistl. Nonne vls alia similia nunc nobls narrare?"
Ac pater: "Nero imperator puer arte musica imbutus est;
5. refrigero, -are, -a^, -atus, tr., 19. est factum: from fio. Trans.
cool. the phrase, 'a long time has
coqud nescid: abl. absol. elapsed (ira which).'
9. culter, -tri, m., butcher-knife. 23. eis (abl.), the things.
11. dirimo, -imere, -emi, -emptus, 25. puer, (as) a lad.
tr., stop. imbuo, -buere,-bui, -butus, tr.,
17. dicebant, they said. train.
75
76 AD ALPES
28. Neapoli: loc. of Neapolis. 39. fuscus, -a, -um, adj., husky.
concusso...theatrd:abl. absol.
f.,
53. caliga, -ae, half-boot. 62. colo, -ere, colui, cultus, tr.,
ductum, derived. regard.
56. castrensis, -e, adj., the camp. Germanicas, in Germany.
of
63.
57. educo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., 65. quo: purpose.
bring up.
f.,
105. cum, freely, since; but cf. 121. liceor, -6ri, -itus sum, tr. and
note on XIII, 19. intr., bid; do not confuse
108. Sine: imper., governing the with the impers. licet.
follo.wing verb. 122. tredecim, indecl. num., thir-
114. quaestus, -us, m., income, teen.
profit. sestertius, -i, m . sesterce value
(
,
115. praeco, -dnis, m., auctioneer; about four cents); gen. pl.
per praeconem, at auction. in text.
usque eo, to such a point. nonagies, adv., ninety times;
extendo, -tendere, -tendi, with sestertium, centenis
-tentus, tr., advance. milibus ('hundreds of
understood.
is
thousands')
f.,
trifles.
immenso: abl. of price. 9,000,000 sesterces, or near-
ly
$400,000.
117. bonis suis: abl. of separ.
eruo, -uere, -ui, -utus, tr., 123. addicd, -dicere, -dixi, -dictus,
strip. tr., knock down (at auction).
CAPUT XIV
15. aeque ac, equatty with. 20. eamque : -que cannot be at-
17. initio: abl. tached to ob.
f.,
shell.
65. paeniteret: impers.; (with eum) 77. Abi in malam rem: a common
trans., 'regret.' form of malediction.
83
84 AD ALPES
"
'Beatus ille qul procul negotils,
Ut prlsca gens mortalium,
Paterna rura bobus exercet suls,
Solutus omnl faenore. 110
Libet iacere modo sub antlqua llice
Modo in tenacl gramine;
Labuntur altls interim rlpls aquae,
Queruntur in silvls aves,
Frondesque lymphls obstrepunt manantibus, 115
sls, pater."
"Olim," inquit ille, "puerum amabilem, cum ludo somnoque
fatlgatus humi in silvls sopltus iaceret, columbae folils ex arbori-
bus decerptls texerunt, ne quid mall el dormientl accideret."
"Rem quam bellam!" inquit Cornelia. "Spero nos quoque 125
14.
21
Z1- flrc---gtur
mesMtw, hm,e
have . summnneA
summoned.
Dickens's 'fypunnote' for
.
.
tc
five-pound note.
cura.
vu-o, o»
see w ».
to %t.
r
,
i
24. Bene, etc. : cf. VIII, 6. 38. pertracto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
modo, only. feel of.
28. minus bene, etc, is not very 39. lavato: fut. imper.
well. 40. febris, -is, f ., fever.
31. Aesculapio: the god of phy-
f.,
50. vis, mean. 73. verber, -eris, n.; pl., blows; pun
55. foret: i.e., esset. on verba, line 71.
pendentem, triced up.
-onis,
f.,
77. amice, adv., kindly. 84. abigo, -igere, -egi, -actus, tr.,
has, these (past). drive ojf.
pervigilo, -are, -avi, -atum, 85. dormitator, -oris, m., loafer.
intr., keep awdke. fue, interj., phew!
79. mastigia, whipping-post, scoun- alium, -i, n., garlic.
drel. oleo, -ere, -ui, tr., smell of.
colaphus, -i, m., bufjet. 86. in . . . crucem: cf. Abl, etc,
81. Tange: sc. me.
XIV, 77.
modo, just. 93. furor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., steal.
Oculos, etc: see the note on 96. maximd mald tuo: abl.
XIV, 34. 101. intempestivus, -a, -um, adj.,
untimely.
90 AD ALPES
tlvas facetias tuas alia in loca aufer." Quo dicto, aedes intravit,
ubi Drusilla et Cornelia libentissime Inspexerunt res mirandas,
quas Institor e sacco suo promebat.
105 Vix erat ille dlmissus, cum Anna nuutiavit Lucium placide
quievisse, ac el iam multo melius esse. Quod cum cognitum
esset, omnes gaudebant; ac Cornelius Onesimum statim mlsit,
ut cauponem vocaret.
Iste scllicet haud libenter audlvit Lucio melius factum esse.
110 Sed rationem conficere coactus est ; ac paulo post, pecunia soluta,
viatores iterum in redls sedebant, atque equl alacres via strata
vehicula celeriter rapuerunt.
"Tum amlc5 ille riisticus: 'Tii tibi haec omnia habe,' inquit.
'In silvam ego redeo, ubi ab Insidils tiitus reliquam vltam meam
quieta mente agam. Tii vale.' Quo dicto, per fenestram evasit,
ac celeriter ex urbe in silvam suam perrexit."
"Gratias maximas tibi agimus," inquit Cornelia. "Haec 105
85. optimas: trans. as if with rebus. 90. His et talibus: sc. verbis.
Superl. often so attracted. 93, purpureus, -a, -um, adj.,
87. misere, adv., wretchedly. purple.
88. vivitur: impers. 94. aulaeum, -i, n., coverlet.
CAPUT XVII
98
CAPUT XVII 99
52. apud eum, at his court. 67. cavo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., hol-
62. holus, -eris, n., vegetables. low (ovt).
lavanti, to him (as he was) wash- 70. formo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
ing. shape.
63. Immo, Nay, rather. voces omnes: i.e., every word
65. philosopho: abl. spokm.
76- caUiditas, -atis, ., cleverness.
f.,
.".
-^-
Cervlce pendet, non Siculae dapes
Dulcem elaborabunt saporem,
Non avium citharaeque cantus
Somnum reducent.'
"
108. ensis, -is, m., sword. 110. elaboro, -Sre, -avi, -atus, tr.,
cui: trans. as gen. contrive to yield.
if
f.,
109. 111. lyre.
famed for sumptuousness. cantus, tunefulness.
bat.
30. stridor, -oris, m., trumpeting.
contemptus, -us, m., contempt.
33. robore, power.
42. Romanis: dat.
unius, a single.
50. traduxerit: with two accs. At
34. atqui: not atque. the time here referred to,
39. magno . . doldre, the great Hannibal was advancing to
to
invade Italy.
104 AD ALPES
53. Sunt qul: cf. IV, 86. 61. actuarius, -a, -um, adj., svrift.
54. consto, -stare, -stiti, -staturum, 63. dum, so long as.
intr. ; cdnstat, impers., it is velut, as it were.
established. 75. cum . . . elidat: cf. I, 61.
55. ducenti, -ae, -a, num. adj., two 79. scriptum esse: impers.
hundred-
80. solidds, whole.
57. centum pedum: gen. of quality. cervus, -i, m., stag.
CAPUT XVIII 105
122. prdsternd, -sternere, -stravi, 137. abdicd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.;
-stratus, tr., throw down. se abdicare, resign.
■
atque ante eum stabant consules vlnctl, ille Ira incensus negavit
rem ita componl posse, omnesque Romam dlmisit. Iuris haud
perltus, scllicet secum male actum esse exlstimavit; et paulo
post bellum acriter renovatum est."
Ut haec dicta sunt, Stasimus in oppidum Caudium prae- 145
"Ibi
cognovit fumum, immensae niibl similem, orlri ex monte,
qul procul in adverso lltore stabat. Quare statim Liburnicam
pararl iussit, ut sinum transire et rem tam mlrabilem propius
noscere posset.
"Sed iam advenit tabellarius, litteras adferens cuiusdam
mulieris, quae in vllla Vesuvio subiacente morabatur. Immi-
nente perlculo perterrita, illa Pllnium orabat ut se discrlminl
eriperet; nam nisi navibus nullam fugae esse spem. Ille igitur
consilium mutavit et quadriremes aliquot deduxit, ut auxilium
ferret omnibus, qul ex illo loco effugere vellent.
"Tum rectum cursum in perlculum tenuit, cum interim
summa dlligentia observabat omnia, quae memoratu digna
erant. Mox cinis in naves incidere coepit; cum autem moneret
gubernator ut Mlsenum redlret, ille vero: 'Fortes,' inquit,
'Fortuna adiuvat,' ac recta in periculum contendit."
"Ille certe intrepidus erat," inquit Sextus. "Quem exitum
res habuit?"
At Publius: "Brevl audies," inquit: "Ubi ad lltus naves
appulsae sunt.Pllnius in terram egressus hominesque trepidantls
consolatus, se in balneum deferrl iussit, ut sua securitate
timorem ceterorum lenlret; ac paulo post, cum noctu flammae
ex monte relucerent, dictitabat ab agricolls ignes relictos esse
vlllasque desertas ardere.
"Interim fluctus magnos in lltus ventus tam adversus vol-
vebat, ut inde niillo modo naves solvl possent. Quare Pllnius
quietl se dedit; cumque alil anxia mente vigilarent, ille somno
artissimo quiescebat. Postremo autem area, piimicibus oppleta,
tam alte surrexerat, ut, sl diutius intus moraretur, e cubiculo
exlre el omnlno non liceret.
29. subiaceo, -ere, -ui, intr., lie 43. securitas, -atis, i.,freedomfro?n
near; governs dat. anxiety.
30. fflscrimini: for dat., cf. XVIII, 45. dictito, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
103. keep saying.
32. quadriremis, -is, f ., four-decker. 47. volvo, volvere, volvi, volutus,
39. intrepidus, -a,-um,adj. ,fearless. tr., roU.
43. consdlor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., 50- pumex, -icis, m., pumice stone.
cheer. 51. cubiculum, -i, n., bedroom.
CAPUT XIX
81. visum est, it seemed best. 93. vagitus, -us, m., wailing.
83. fulcio, fulcire, fulsi, fultus, tr., 97. tenuo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.;
block. pass., thin out.
87. quo modo, in what(ever) way. 98. effulgeo, -fulgere, -fulsi, intr.,
shine forth.
90. deflecto, -flectere, -flexi, -flec- luridus, -a, -um, adj., murky.
tus, tr. and intr., turn aside. deficit, is in eclipse.
91. obtero, -terere, -trivi, -tritus, 100. continuo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.;
tr., trample underfoot. pass., keep up.
CAPUT XX
"Cum hoc idem bellum iam vlgintl fere annos gestum esset,"
inquit Cornelius, "Hannibal, in Africam redlre coactus, Zamae
tanta clade victus est, ut Carthaginienses se Romanls dedere
cogerentur."
"Quid postremo Hannibale ipso factum est?" inquit Cor-
nelia.
"Fortasse," inquit pater, "iam audlvistis eum post cladem
acceptam diu consilio et opera patriam suam adiuvisse, tum
autem clam domo ablre coactum esse, quod suspicaretur se brevl
Romam obsidem arcessltum Iri.
"Prlmo ad regem Antiochum devertit, cui persuasit ut
bellum Romanls Inferret; deinde, Antiocho victo, Cretam vectus
est; unde postremo in Pontum ad regem Prusiam se contulit.
"Ibi cum cognovisset Romanos mlsisse legatos, qul a Prusia
postularent ut sibi in custodiam ipse traderetur, sua sponte
venenum sumpsit, quod semper secum habere solebat."
"Cum mentio venenl facta sit," inquit Publius, "mihi
recordarl videor olim aliquem veneno regem Pyrrhum inter-
ficere conatum esse. Sed certo scio nostros numquam tanto
scelere se contaminavisse."
"Recte dlcis," inquit Cornelius; "nam Romanis non est
mos veneno bella gerere. Sed quldam Tlmochares, regis
ipslus familiaris, ad C. Fabricium consulem venit ac pol-
licitus est se regem, sl praemium satis magnum proponeretur,
veneno brevl sublaturum; quod facile factu fore dlxit, quoniam
fllius suus in convlvio pocula regl ministraret.
"Hac re Romam ad senatum delata, legatl statim missl sunt,
qul Pyrrhum certiorem facerent quanto in perlculo versaretur,
eumque hortarentur ut Insidias caveret domesticas. Slc con-
servatus, rex gratiam maximam populo Romano habuisse
56. facete, adv., wittily. 71. iam difl: cf. IV, 114.
74. aureum, gilded.
58. inanis, -e, adj., mere.
75. quasi, as were.
it
85. substerno, -stemere, -stravi, 97. fretus, -a, -um, adj., relying
-stratus, tr., spread under- (on).
neath. 99. competitor,-dris,m.,coniestoni.
86. factum est, etc; cf. note on 105. tardis superandis: abl. of
XIII, 19. means.
94. cursu: abl. of spec. 108. mollis, -e, adj.: freely, boyish.
CAPUT XX 117
112. invocd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., 117. provolo, -are, -avi, intr., fly
invoke. forward.
113. mala: note the a. 121. corrigo, -rigere, -rea, -rectus,
XX, tr., make up for.
114. nullo: cf. 7.
129. octavus, -a, -um, num. adj.,
115. qui, what (adj.). eighth.
117. harenam: i.e., of the course. 130. perveniretur: impers.
CAPUT XXI
Mane, dum via Appia celeriter vehuntur, Cornelio Sextus:
"Nudius tertius, pater," inquit, "cum Capuae essemus, aliquem
audlvl dlcentem urbem illam olim gladiatoribus celeberrimam
fuisse. Quo modo hoc factum est?"
Tum pater: "Diu Capuae habebatur ludus, ubi gladiatores
exercerentur; qul, cum eo genere pugnandl bene Institutl essent,
Romam missl sunt, ut ibi in harena popull delectationis gratia
operam ederent. Neque enim est iillum genus spectacull quod
plerlsque magis placeat."
"Mihi quidem," inquit Drusilla, "omnia eius modl crudelis-
sima videntur, et magis beluls digna quam hominibus."
"Semper fuerunt nonnulll," inquit Cornelius, "qul tecum
sentlrent. Ac Cicero ipse quodam loco talia spectacula hls
verbls improbat : 'Quae potest hominl esse pollto delectatio, cum
aut homo imbecillus a valentissima bestia laniatur, aut praeclara
bestia venabulo transverberatur?'
"Atque Idem ali5 loco scrlpsit se cum eis sentlre, quibus
gladiatorum spectacula inhumana viderentur; — etsl existimat
antlquitus aliter rem se habuisse, cum capitis damnatl inter
se depugnarent."
"De hoc amplius, sl vls, pater," inquit Sextus; "nam de
huius modl certaminibus numquam audlvl."
2. Nudius tertius: adv. phrase, 14. politus, -a, -um, adj., cultured.
Day before yesterday. 15 vaienSj -entis, adj., powerful.
3. celeber, -bris, -bre, adj., lanid, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., tear
filled. to pieces.
5. habebatur, was maintained. 17. idem: i.e., Cicero; trans., 'like-
7. gratia: cf. the use of causa. wise.'
11. beluis . . . hominibus: abl. 19. capitis damnati (nom.): with
14. improbo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., force of a rel. clause. For
condemn. capUis, see X, 60.
118
CAPUT XXI 119
50. funambulus, -a, -um, ad j . , rope- 61. primd statim conatu: cf. XVII,
walking. 91.
edidit, exhibited. 62. decido, -cidere, -cidi, intr., fall
51. fiinem, tight-rope. down.
decurro, -currere, -curri, -cur- 63. Romani nominis, the name
sum, tr. and intr., ride down. 'Roman.'
53. eorum: neut.; dept. on similia. 67. praepard, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
57. aer, aeris, m., the heavens; aera, secure in
advance.
acc. sing., Greek decl. 68. care, adv., at a high price. For
58. propius: cf. longius, XI, 15. comp., cf. saepius, IX,88.
cera, -ae, vero, indeed.
f.,
wax. 70.
mollio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., 72. naumachia, -ae, f., sham naval
soften. battle.
CAPUT XXI 121
73. marinus, -a, -um, adj. ,sea. 84. Adhuc, (while) still.
75. propugnator, -oris, m., fighter. 88. gratiam maximam, etc, freely,
76. aveo, -ere, intr.; imper., ave, laici the 9od under very heavy
hail. obligation.
morituri: taking the place of a 89. quod, in that.
rel. clause. 92. contingo, -tingere, -tigl, -tactus,
78. compelld, -pellere, -puli, -pul- tr., toneh.
98. tactus, -us, m., touch.
quid faceret, etc. : cf . IX, 45.
122 AD ALPES
27. adfinem, adherent. 47. piinio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., pun-
30. significaret, freely, stand for. ish.
ad urbem remisit, remanded to
36. post: prep. Rome.
38. accurate, adv., in detail. 48. cuius generis: gen. of quality.
40. egerit, dealt. 50. negaverunt: cf. XVII, 17.
43. tertio, adv., o third time. 52. neuter, -tra, -trum, adj., neither;
46. supplicium: i.e., execution. quorum neurrum, neither of
pertinacia, -ae, t., obstinacy. which (things).
CAPUT XXII 125
58. causis, trials; dat. case. 70. furtum, -i, n., theft.
62. maleficus, -a, -um, adj., evil. depositum, -i, n., deposit.
71. abiuro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
63. in se . . . admisissent, had
deny knowledge of (i.e., when
committed.
claimed by depositor).
65. Idem, cf. XXI, 17. 73. infamia, -ae, ill repute.
f.,
secret associa-
67. comprobatum est: impers. tion.
69. sacramentum, -i, n., oath. 78. rescribo, -scribere, -scripsi,
in, for. -scriptus, tr., write in reply.
126 AD ALPES
suspicion.
f.,
127
128 AD ALPES
Ac pater: "Et alio loco poeta Idem verba dlcit, quae Regulo
dignissima sint:
"
125 'Sl fractus inlabatur orbis,
"
Impavidum ferient rulnae.'
navibus vehi solent. Quln etiam ipse poeta, cuius versus modo
audlvistl, olim Appl Foro hoc modo usque ad fontem Feroniae
vectus est, cum Roma profectus Brundisium iter faceret."
"Nos certe navl satis superque vectl sumus," inquit Drusilla.
"Nunc via strata redls progredl periucundum est." 135
der.
130
131
132 AD ALPfiS
posterity. 50.
38. in, among. five hundred.
44. vocantis: cf. canentis, VIII, 99. 51. decedo, -cedere, -cessi, -ces-
46. ossa ima: i.e., marrow; cf. sum, lntr., die.
extremam, II, 43. 53. regiis: i.e., magnificent.
CAPUT XXIII 133
54. detestabilis, -e, adj., shameful. 79. religo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., tie.
pro, in front of.
71. imperator: pred. nom.
culcita, -ae,
f.,
mattress.
73. Ubi, when. obiecit: i.e., made a breastwork
of.
74. egregius: sarcastic.
81. Omnibus . . igndrantibus: abl.
.
f.,
96. cook-shop
CAPUT XXIII 135
112. 116.
cit proper, heavy traffie was 117. industria, -ae, ., industry.
y
MILIARIUM
CAPUT XXIV
23. praetoriani, -orum, m., the pre- 42. mea, freely, dear.
torians. 46. f ertur, rolls, flows.
32. agebat: cf. XIX, 17. 47 aitenrm, a second.
35. seditiose, adv., rebelliously. 4g perflu0( .fluerC( _flflja> tr _ pass
f.,
n., statue.
skilled, ignorant; with obj.
gen. 73. cultor, -oris, m., worshiper.
61. securus, careless(ly). 74. mortalibus, perishable.
63. tres pedes: acc, not affected by 75. in species, freely, in the like-
the comp. ness.
67. Hierosolymis: loc. of Hieroso- effingo, -fingere, -finxi, -fictus,
lyma. tr. fashion.
,
140 AD ALPES
lisses?"
"Linguae istl temperare te docebo," inquit senex. Quae
cum dlxisset, collo obtorto Stasimum in viam traxit et vehe-
menter fuste verberare coepit.
Ille autem clamores lamentabiles sustulit, ac: "Fidem tuam 120
Postero die paulo post merldiem, Sextus, qul latius per fundum
vagatus erat, ad tecta celeriter se recepit, ut matrem certiorem
faceret se Onesimum appropinquare vldisse.
Quo cognito, omnes cupide foras egressl Onesimum iam ex
equo descendentem offenderunt. Qul statim ad Drusillam pro-
gressus: "Salve, domina," inquit. "A Cornelio litteras hodie
scriptas adfero."
"Naviter fecistl," inquit Driisilla, "qul tanto aestu iter
longum tam celeriter confecerls. Litteras trade, ac te in
cullnam confer, ubi quod edas invenies."
Litterls traditls, Onesimus statim tectum intravit; ac Dru-
silla, cum omnes intentl exspectarent, epistulam solvit, cuius
exemplum Infra scrlptum est:
55. collato: with both ablatives. 75. per publicum: i.e., along the
58. consularis, -e, adj., of consular . Hne of the streets.
rank; a term applied to ex- ductae> hee*y, which ran.
consuls. 81. exardesco, -ardescere, -arsi,
se: abl. pl. -arsum, intr., break out.
59. vestibulum, -i, n., entrance. fihjft £Z
67. Collem: i.e., the CapitoUne. as noun.
CAPUT XXV 145
"
'Quis negat Aeneae magna de stirpe Neronem?
Sustulit hic matremjSsustulit ille patrem.'
"
83. in . . . contulit, put off upon. 99. liqueo, liquere, licui: intr.;
87. eum: subject of conatum esse. liquet, impers., it . . . is
clear-
93. Aeneae: gen.
f.,
bend, turn.
94. Sustulit . . . sustulit: punning, 102. cantu, music.
carried off. The effect en-
is
104.
nic . . . ille, the one . . . people.
the other. inops, -opis, adj., destitute.
96. ut: purp. domicilium, -i, n., home.
146 AD ALPES
106. purgd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., 115. ministerimn, -i, n., labor.
clear. mulceo, mulcere, mulsi, mul-
107. vicis, wards. sus, tr., soothe.
111. tepidus, -a, -um, adj., warm. reparo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
restore.
113. placidissime: voc; governing
labdri, service; dat. of purp.
partit. gen. dedrum.
114. fugit, has left. 120. eleganter, adv., beautifully.
CAPUT XXVI
147
148 AD ALPES
" "
'O fortunatam natam me consule Romam!'
38. boastfulness.
deformo, -are, -avl, -atus, tr., 49. ut . exordiar: purp.
.
.
87. uprightness,
character. recurring.
88. probus, -a, -um, adj., xrirtuous. quod: the sacrifice.
sequere: imper. 107. medias: cf. extremam, II, 43.
castitas, -atis,
f.,
vero sine causa. Nam vere dictum est: 'Deorum iniuriae dls
curae sunt.' "
"Sed nunc," inquit Sextus, "ut ad alia veniam, iam dudum
factum est, cum Piiblius nullos versiis suos recitavit. Nihilne
nuper scrlpsistl, Publl?" 120
aliquot :
"
'Mella cava manant ex llice, montibus altis
Levis crepante lympha desilit pede.
Illic iniussae veniunt ad mulctra capellae,
Refertque tenta grex amlcus ubera, 130
110. propitius, -a, -um, adj., well 129. iniussus, -a, -um, adj., un-
disposed, kind. called.
111. reliquisset: force of neg. con- 130. tentus, -a, -um, adj., distend-
tinues with this verb. ed, i.e., fvll.
audacia, -ae, amicus, -a, -um, adj., willing.
f.,
114. boldness.
116. dis curae: double dat. 131. vespertinus, -a, -um, adj., at
118. iam dudum, etc., it has been a night.
long time that. Cf. XIII, 19. circumgemo, -gemere, tr.,
123. pius, -a, -um, adj., righteous. growl around.
sepono, -ponere, -posui, -po- ovile, -is, n., sheep-fold.
situs, tr., set apart. 132. intumescd,-tumescere,-tumui,
128. crepd, -are, -ui, -itum, intr., intr., swell, abound (in).
plash. vipera, -ae, ., serpent.
f
152 AD ALPES
133. contagium, -I, n.; pl., infec- 134. aestuosus, -a, -um, adj., burn-
tion. ing.
nullius: with l in verse. impotentia, -ae, f ., violence,
astrum, -i, n., star. rage.
CAPUT XXVII
Nondum aderat cenae tempus; quare llberl paulisper otiosl
vagabantur, cum nesclrent quid potissimum facerent. Tum
Sextus: "Multos dies Onesimus omnln5 nihil nobls narravit.
Eum adeamus, sl forte nunc aliquid recordarl possit."
"Flat," inquit Cornelia. "Semper enim ille dlcit digna,
quae audiantur."
Quos ubi appropinquantes vldit, Onesimus: "Cur vos slc
languidos video, llberl? Ludendo etiam nunc fatlgatl estis?"
"Ita vero," inquit Sextus; "nec sclmus quid potissimum
faciamus. Nonne til vls aliquid nobls narrare, quo celerius
tempus abeat?"
Tum ille: "Hae rationes, quas videtis, prius conficiendae
sunt. Postea, sl interim mihi molestl non fueritis, experiar
quid facere possim."
Quo audlto, llberl discesserunt. Ac paulo post, cum iterum
conclave intrassent, se exspectantem Onesimum invenerunt, qul:
"De Milone, athleta nobilissimo," inquit, "fabulas vobls nar-
rabo, sl audlre vultis."
"Mlror," inquit Sextus, "isne fuerit homo tantls vlribus
quantls fuit Hercules aut ille Samson, de quo olim Anna nobls
quaedam mlranda narravit."
"Milo quidem," inquit "satis validus profecto
Onesimus,
erat; qul etiam dlcitur olim Olympiae per stadium ingressus
esse, cum umerls sustineret bovem."
"Papae!" inquit Sextus. "Vellem hoc ego vldissem. Sed
2. potissimum: adv.; cf. VII, 50. 16. se: pl.; obj. of part.
5. Fiat, freely, very well. 23. Olympiae: loc. The Olympic
digna, quae, etc, worth hearing. games continued until 394 a.d.
153
154 AD ALPES
58. superque, and more (than 69. potens, -entis, adj., powerful.
enough). The weight was too great for
64. incursus, -fls, m., inrush. human strength.
65. coepta est: pass. because of 78. quidam, some.
pass. infin. 80. genu, -us, n., knee.
68. quamvis, adv., however; mod. of suspensus,-a,-um, part., arched
magnam. over.
69. humano corpore: abl. with 81. oppono, -ponere, -posui, -posi-
comp. tus, tr., oppose, sct against.
156 AD ALPES
.
,
CAPUT XXVII 157
f.,
. stragfis, slaughter.
118. inde, from that source (i.e., the
prudentia, -ae, caution.
f.,
brigands). 122.
27. prolabor, -labi, -lapsus sum, 37. triumpho, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.
intr., fall (forward). and intr., celebrate a triumph.
28. oppressi, punning, / have 38. altera, a second, i.e., another
crushed.
40. elanguesco, -languescere, -lan-
31. reviso, -ere, tr., go out to. gui, intr., wither away.
32. albus, -a, -um, adj., white; a 41. Neronis: i.e., of Nero's reign.
lucky color with the Romans. radicitus, adv.,/rom the roots.
34. placuisset: impers. exaresco, -arescere, -arui, intr.,
suboles, -is, dry up.
f.,
35. brood.
ad Gallinas: keep the Latin
f.,
opus esset.
Quo audlto, omnes gaudio et spe suspensl, adventum Tulll
cupide exspectabant. Qul, cum hora fere quarta pervenisset,
crumena soluta, Cornelio trlginta sestertia in mensa numeravit.
Tum ille cum Stasimo solo profectus, ut ad locum pervenit iu
ubi redae prldie constiterant, ibi servum quoque rellquit et
inermis ad saxum constitutum progressus est.
Iam subito e silva signum est audltum, latroque ingens e
latebrls ad saxum recta processit. Qui cum vldisset Cornelium
inermem pecuniam attulisse, signum alterum dedit, ac mulier 120
110. mutuum, as a loan; neut. acc. 114. numero, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
111. opus: here indecl. adj., need- count out.
ful. 115. ille: i.e., Cornelius.
114. crumena, -ae, f ., money-bag. ut: temporal.
CAPUT XXIX
Mane viatores, cum gratias maximas Tullio egissent,
Nuceriam versus profecti sunt; quo pervenerunt, cum iam
niibes nigrae in caelo cogerentur. Paulo post imber est conse-
cutus.
Haec nox haud sine trepidatione peracta est. Nam cum
omnes, de itinere fessl mature cubitum discessissent, subito
media nocte vox audlta est Corneliae, quae perterrita opem
implorabat.
Quo clamore audlto, Drusilla, e somno excussa, lumine ac-
censo ad flliae lectum quam celerrime perrexit. Ibi in lacrimas
effusa et terrore paene exanimata sedebat Cornelia; cui mater:
"Quid factum est, flliola mea?" inquit, cum puellam trepi-
dantem complexii suo reciperet.
"O mater, mater!" inquit Cornelia. "Mihi vlsa sum iterum
in silva errare. Et e spelunca subito erupit gigas immanis,
qul voce horrenda clamavit: 'Ubi est puella mea?' Tum ego
trepidans: 'Quae est puella tua?' inquam. At ille, me digito
ingentl demonstrans: 'Tu, tu,' inquit. Quo audlto, clamorem
sustull maximum, ac tu statim cum lumine ad me venistl."
Vix ea dicta erant, cum repente forls audlta est vox dlcentis:
'Tu, tu,' ac Cornelia consternata matrem arte amplexa est.
Illa autem rldens: "Quid, fllia mea? Nonne tu umquam
noctuam audlvistl? Accede huc ad fenestram. Nubes iam
discesserunt, et nox clara et serena est."
Cum Cornelia e fenestra stellas aspiceret, iterum ex arbore
propinqua audlta est vox noctuae: 'Tu, tu.' Tum puella
quoque adrlsit. Quln etiam vanl terroris eam iam pudebat;
quare rursus quieti se dedit, nec quidquam ultra trepidationis
hac nocte fuit.
164
CAPUT XXIX 165
thefactthat.
tense. 80. descendentem: the part. ap-
71. furibundus, -a, -um, adj., proximates the foree of a
with anger.
crazed cond. clause.
72. emitto, -mittere, -misi, -mis- 83- impudenter, adv., shamelessly.
sus, tr., send forth; vocem 85. frendens, -entis, part., grind-
emittere, shout. ing.
CAPUT XXIX 167
"Sed pro impudentia sua certo scio eum hodie mihi poenas
maximas daturum."
"Ohe, senex," inquit Publius; "noll saevlre. Sine hominem
impune descendere, ac tibi hoc accipe." Quo dicto, aureum
proiecit, qul in terram ante pedes agricolae cecidit; cuius Ira, 90
murum petlvit.
Canis, cum hostem fugientem vldisset, summa vi adnlsus
vinculum rupit, et Stasimum, quantum celeritate poterat,
secutus est. Ille vix in murum escendebat, cum canis saltu
se proiciens vestem eius dentibus apprehendit pannumque 100
OSTIUM TIBERIS
CAPUT XXX
9. Ecquid, pron., interrog. and 21. lentus, -a, -um, adj., slow; for
comp., cf. note on longius,
XI, 15.
14. quadringenti, -ae, -a, num. adj., pedester, -tris, -tre, adj., in-
four hundred. fantry.
169
170 AD ALPES
"
'Dlc, hospes, Spartae, nos te hlc vldisse iacentls,
Dum sanctls patriae legibus obsequimur.' "
77. insidens, -entis, part., sitting 87. obsequor, -sequi, -secutus sum,
astride. intr., be obedient; trans.
79. frux, frugis, f ., fruit of the earth. phrase, Hn obedience to,' etc.
93. Alexandreae: loc.
80. congesta: neut.; ref. to things.
perpetuitas, -atis, continu- 95. suffosus, -a, -um, part., under-
f.,
81.
ance, immortality . mined.
largior, -iri, -itus sum, tr., specus: acc. pl.
ad . . . pertinentes: i.e., con-
sacrifice.
nectcd (by a main channel)
84. elogium, -I, n., epitaph. with the river.
m,for.
97. liquesco, liquescere, licui, intr.,
85. Thermopylis: loc. of Thermopy- become clear.
lae. subsidd, -sidere, -sedi, -ses-
86. Spartae: loc. sum, intr., settle.
174 AD ALPES
98. llmosus, -a, -um, adj., muddy. 112. aditus, -us, m., approach.
102. aquatid, -onis, f ., watersupply. 118. laboratum est: impers.; trans.,
107. ia dies, daily. 'did they suffer/
adeo, so much so. 121. vesperasco, -ere, -avi, intr.,
111. natflra, by (a law of) nature. incline toward evening.
CAPUT XXXI
Cibo et somno refectl mane abierunt, quarta fere hora
ac
ad flumen Metaurum pervenerunt. Quod cum ponte translrent,
Cornelius: "Ad hoc fhimen," inquit, "commissum est proelium,
quod spes omnes Hannibalis funditus evertit."
"Ipsene aderat," inquit Sextus, "cum hic pugnatum est?"
"Immo longe aberat," inquit pater, "ac Romanl hoc loco
congressi sunt cum eius fratre, Hasdrubale, qul ex Hispania
cum exercitu subsidio properabat."
"Minus igitur mlrandum est," inquit Sextus, "sl Poenl victl
sunt. Nam Hannibal, cum ipse coram adesset, perraro supera-
tus esse videtur. Sed de hoc proelio plura libenter audiamus.
A prlncipio exordlre, sl vls."
Tum pater: "Hannibal haud procul a Venusia trahebat
bellum, sperans brevl adfore fratrem; quare nondum vole-
bat decertare cum consule C. Claudio Nerone, qul haud longe
castra posuerat.
"Cum alter consul, M. Llvius, adventum Hasdrubalis ex-
spectaret hls in regionibus,per quas nunc iter facimus, forte
equites hostium, qul litteras ad Hannibalem deferebant, a
Romanis sunt interceptl et ad Neronem adductl.
"Consilio Poenorum ex hls cognito, Nero, relicto Q. Catio
legato, qul castrls praeesset, ipse magnls itineribus ad collegam
Llvium contendit. Tum, coniunctls copils, consules Hasdru-
balem se recipere conantem consecutl sunt atque iniquo loco
proelium committere coegerunt.
"Cum diii atque acriter dlmicatum esset, Nero e dextro
175
176 AD ALPES
^
ued.
31. Elephanft trans. nom. as if M
43 ut free]
part1t. gen. accorded (urith).
-i,
'
'
34. positum: modifier of Id, line 33. 52. augeo, augere, auxi, auctus, tr.,
articulus, -i, m., joint. inerease.
CAPUT XXXI 177
54. operae pretium est, it is worth 72. Carthagiai: poetic use of dat.
while. for acc.
5S. quod, (a thing) which. 75. interimo, -imere, -emi, -em-
C2. Castris: abl. ptus, tr., cut off.
178 AD ALPES
'I,
inquit, 'quae Infantem nutrire possit?' eam arcesse,' inquit
illa. Puella igitur laeta abiit, suamque statim matrem vocavit.
"Hoc modo Moyses servatus est; quem, cum iam iuvenis
esset, fllia regis in locum flll adoptavit."
"Haec est fabula lepidissima," inquit Cornelia.
At Sextus: "Tuls verbls," inquit, "de casu Romull et Remi
admoneor, qul quoque in alveo expositl sunt. Sed mlror quam
mox edamus." Tum post se respiciens: "Nonne Onesimum iam
appropinquantem video? Is certe est. Eamus." Quo dicto,
celeriter llberl abierunt.
Photograph by C. E. Bennetl
LOCA PROPE VILLAM POETAE HORATI FLACCl
CAPUT XXXII
die via ducebat secundum lltus maris Hadriaticl,
Postero
ubi venti recentes vim equls incutiebant, ac Cornelius: "Omnia
prospere cedere videntur, et spero nos hodie Arlminum usque
progredl posse."
5 Hoc audlto, Publius: "Mihi recordari videor," inquit,
"flumen Rubiconem haud procul ab Arlmino in mare Influere."
"Quln etiam," inquit pater, "ostium fliiminis qulnque fere
mllia passuum ab oppid5 abest."
"Cur tam multa de flumine Rubicone?" inquit Sextus.
10 "Ecquid memoria dignum ibi factum est?"
"Dignissimum vero," inquit pater. "Parvus scllicet est
amnis, sed ab Italia reliqua dlvidebat provinciam olim Caesari
dictatorl decretam. Quare cum ille Rubiconem translbat, bellum
patriae aperte Inferebatur."
ia "Cum res tantum in discrlmen addiiceretur," inquit Sextus,
"credo eum diii dubitasse utrum translret necne."
"Recte dlcis," inquit pater. "Sed Publius noster de hac
re profecto saepe legit, nec dubito quln ille libenter quaedam
vobls narraturus sit."
20 "Optime," inquit Sextus. "Quo modo res acta est, frater?"
Tum ille: "Caesar in commentarils suls plurima dlcit de
iniurils sibi inlatls, et de causls cur arma sumenda essent; sed
de transitu huius fluminis ipse nihil tradit.
57. attitude.
CAPUT XXXII 183
vescerentur."
"Vah!" inquit Cornelia. "Intellegere non possum cur res
tam foedas audlre cupias, Sexte."
"Hoc adprlme bonum est," inquit ille. "Quid tum, Piibll?"
At frater: "Uslpl, hoc modo Britanniam circumvectl, navibus 95
110. supra, out over. 127. torvus, -a, -um, adj., stern.
promineo, -minere, -minul, in praesens, for the present.
intr., project.
129. siccd, -Sre, -avi, -atus, tr., dry;
120. tremo, -ere, -ui, intr., shake. siccentur, have . . . dried,
123. prodo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., the subj v. expressing a com-
betray. mand, as often.
CAPUT XXXIII
Mane, cum redae adductae essent, omnes alacres conscen-
derunt. Sextus autem diu maestus secum sedebat; nam a patre
vehementer castlgatus erat, eumque suae imprudentiae maxime
paenitebat; nisi enim prldie Onesimus et Stasimus praesto
fuissent, Cornelia fortasse in fhlctibus periisset.
Postremo hilariore vultu se circumspicere coepit; cum autem
loco idoneo viatores constitissent, ut cibus depromeretur, in
umbra adhuc quietus sedebat, neque oravit ut sibi liceret per
agros vagari. E contrario a matre petiit ut sibi aliquid narraret.
Drusilla, primo recusare conata: "Hls diebus," inquit,
"pauca lego. Sed fortasse non audlvisti de itinere Orphel, qul
ad Inferos descendit, ut inde uxorem Eurydicen reduceret."
"Haec narra, sls, mater," inquit Cornelia. "Ego quoque
audlre volo."
"Memoriae traditum est," inquit Drusilla, "Eurydicen, dum
in herba vagatur seciira, dentem serpentis in pedem recepisse;
quo vulnere celeriter exanimata est.
"Quam cum Orpheus diu deplorasset, constituit ipse descen-
dere ad umbras, sl forte cantu suo dls Inferls persuadere posset,
ut Eurydicen ad superos reducl paterentur.
"Quare sine mora prof ectus, per 'templa alta Orci pallida
leto, nubila tenebrls loca' iter fecit, ipsamque Proserpinam
impavidus et regem Inferorum adiit.
19. the)
dead. 21.
185
CAPUT XXXIII 187
25. sweetness.
cantus: gen. 43. Orphea: acc. sing.; Greek decl.
27. vultu . . invito: i.e., involunta- 45. portitor, -oris, m., ferryman.
.
52. dux viae, conductor. 57. Hoc . . . hic: agreeing with the
esset: note mood. pred. nouns. Hoc scans as
a long syllable.
54. descensus, -us, m., descent.
Averno, to the Lower World; 60. opacus, -a, -um, adj., dark,
cf. Carthdginl, XXXI, 72. shady.
74. nemus, -oris, n., grove; Nemora 93. rapina, -ae, f.; pl., plundering;
Fortunatorum, Elysium, dat. in text.
82. quam urbem, a city which. 94- nem> interj., hahl
„_ . ipsum, (the) mere.
87. saeculum, -i, n., generahon. lf)n
. ,
Senie, cian.
fiscus, -i, m., the imperial treas-
ury_ 101. lllustns, -e, ad]., famous.
Calvinorum, etc, (namely, the
90. thesaurus, -i, m., treasure. families) of the C. andtheA.
190 AD ALPES
exspectatio, expecta-
(implico, -are, -avi, -atus, tion.
tt.jtangle). 43. omnibus, etc: dat.
ei,in his case; dat. of reference. u maeror, -oris, m., grief.
34. demo, demere, dempsi, dem- Ec etc . cf of th
,g
49
k
53. adinferds; cf. XXXIII, 52. 65. Totam, etc. : note the gender,
55. Veniatis: governed by suadeo. which misleads Cornelia.
Cedo: irreg. imper., give (me).
60. anus, -us, f ., old woman.
decrepitus, -a, -um, adj. ,feeble. 73. intrdspicid, -spicere, -spexi,
-spectus, tr., look into.
61. aridus, -a, -um, adj., dry.
Em, There! 75. timide, adv., cautiously.
194 AD ALPES
f., 'f.,
x_x
10 lnterpono, 132. laguncula, -ae, small bottle.
112. -ponere, -posui,
1
'
'
12. toga.
virilis, -e, adj., manhood. between (us and it).
of
head fam-
ily; familias an old gen. 20. apud, near.
is
196
CAPUT XXXV 197
36. olea, -ae, olive tree. The 45. tepor, -oris, m., luke/warmness.
things mentioned in the text casu: i.e., forte; trans. the
are tokens of surrender. phrase, 'chanced to.'
Photograph byR.S. Rogers
BALNEUM
198
CAPUT XXXV 199
" 'Tum
vero omne mihi vlsum consldere in ignls
Ilium, et ex Imo vertl Neptiinia Troia.' "
. 46. incalesco, -calescere, -calui, 60. ex imd: i.e., from its founda-
intr., grow hot. tions.
dignitas, -atis, verti: i.e., everti.
f.,
51. rank.
Neptunia: called 'Neptunian'
52. grandaevus, -a, -um, adj.,
because its walls were said to
patriarchal.
have been built by Neptune.
ad, for.
56. profanus, -a, -um, adj., profane, 63. eccjbid, whether . . . anything.
secular. -dnis,
f.,
71. Iosue: nom. sing. 77. septimus, -a, -um, num. adj.,
72. penetralia, -ium, n., inmost seventh.
73.
shrine
circum, prep. with acc, around. *
septies, num. adv., seven times.
+m' tT"
74-
So:S-cldere,-cessr,-ces- **■ Quoque: i.e -^.
sus, tr., precede. 90- ut, (mth orders) that.
pdne, &d\ ., behind. 92. solarium: derived from sol.
76. deinceps, adv., in turn. 97. exitum, way of escape.
CAPUT XXXV 201
rius. 'Tu enim tam iners es, ut numquam facias ea, quae ullQ
modo in posterum diem differrl possint.'
" 'Ohg, mel meum,' inquit ille. 'Cur semper mihi tam
saeva?'
"At ancilla: 'Cave me mel tuum voces, stulte, aut te statim 120
84. Hoc animadverte, freely, See 91. Bacchus, etc.: S. feigns insan-
here. ity.
86. Abi, etc: cf. XIV, 77. 94- Ut, How.
insanio, -ire, -ivi, -itum, intr., 95. scintilld, -are, -avi, intr., gleam.
be crazy. 97. comminuo, -minuere, -minui,
88. manibus: abl.; trans., W -minfltus, tr., smash; subjv.
ln text.
CAPUT XXXVI 207
111. obesus, -a, -um, adj., fat. 118. hortus, -i, m., garden.
126. municipium, -i, n., country
113. Stasimd nostrd: abl. town.
128. fldred, -ere, -ui, intr., be
117. toleranter, adv., easily, good-
prosperous.
naturedly.
argutiae, -arum, 133. Scipio father of the elder Afri-
f.,
foolery.
:
canus.
208 AD ALPES
165. Padi1m: acc. retained with 171. multam: cf. IV, 57.
pass.
VASA FICTILIA
CAPUT XXXVII
61. tingo, tingere, tinxi, tinctus, tr., 72. vSgina, -ae, scabbard.
stain. gladio: abl.
62. per lunam, irithe moonlight. 77. Et: i.e., etiam.
64. compos, -otis, possessed (of); 80. diiungo, -iungere, -iunii, -iunc-
compos mentis, in (one's) tus, tr., separate.
senses. gl, requiesco, -quiescere, -quievi,
71. falleret, disappoint. -quietum, lntr., rest.
CAPUT XXXVII 213
aemulari conetur."
"Etiam taces?" inquit Publius erubescens. "Puerum te
procaciorem numquam vldl! Sl sapies, malum cavebis."
"Noll Irascl, ml flll," inquit Drusilla; "id enim nihil proficit.
Nam aliquis bene dlxit: 'Spreta exolescunt; sl Irascare, agni- 90
ta videntur.'
"
"Haec verba non intellego, mater," inquit Cornelia. "Nonne
planius sententia dlcl potest?"
"Multo vero," inquit Drusilla. "Vide sl hoc facilius intel-
legl potest: 'Sl maledicta neglegas, omnes ea obllvlscuntur; sln 95
autem Irascare, tum omnes credunt vera esse ea, quae dicta
sunt.' "
"Iam intellego," inquit Cornelia; "et hls verbls bene prae-
cipl ego quoque exlstimo."
Viatores, cum complura mllia passuum iter fecissent, paulo 100
80. aemulor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., 90. exolesco, -olescere, -olevi,
rival. -oletum, intr., be forgotten.
87. Etiam taces? Will you be stillt irascare: subj. indef. second
te: abl. sing.
89. nihil: adv. acc. 95. maledictum, -i, n., taunt.
90. spreta, neut. part., things ig- 98. praecipi: impers. infin.
nored; or a rel. clause may obsequentia, -ae,
f.,
109. deference.
be used. Licet, freely, Very well.
214 AD ALPES
-'0
sed res tam multae et variae curandae erant, ut ibi morari non
possem."
"Age, Publl," inquit Sextus, "a principio exorsus aliquid
de Britannia nobls narra."
Quo audlto, Publius: "Ante adventum Caesaris in Galliam
haec Insula paene incognita erat. Quln etiam ipse dlcit tum
vix ullos praeter mercatores eam adlre solitos esse, neque hls
ipsls quidquam ultra oram maritimam notum fuisse.
"Quare Caesar, cum eo translre in anim5 haberet, C. Vo-
lusenum cum navl longa praemlsit, qul omnia prius expl5ra-
ret. Eo regresso, ipse transvectus est, ac prlmo rem fellciter
gessit.
"Sed noctu naves longae, quae in lltus subductae erant,
aestu maximo completae sunt; et onerariae, quas ad ancoras
deligaverat, fluctibus sunt adfllctatae.
"Qua re evulgata, Britannl, fortunae opportunitate usl,
bellum alacres renovaverunt. Quos tamen Caesar proelils fudit
prosperls; tum, quod hiems suberat, obsidibus acceptls, ad conti-
nentem se recepit.
"Postero anno in Insulam reversus, cum ultra flumen Ta-
mesim progressus esset, hostibus undique superatls, obsides
plures imperavit, atque extrema aestate in Galliam iterum
transvectus est.
"Sed ne proxima quidem pars Insulae ita ab eo perdomita
erat. Et scrlptor Tacitus iiire dlcit Caesarem, etsl prosperls
pugnls terruerit incolas et lltore potltus sit, Britanniam posterls
magis ostendisse viderl quam tradidisse.
"Postea Insulae longa obllvio fuit; sed annorum fere centum
32. 39.
f.,
38. subducd, -ducere, -duzi, -duc- 52. ostendisse, to have opened up.
tus, tr., draw up. oblivio, -dnis,
f.,
53. neglect.
CAPUT XXXVIII 217
'iii i
218
CAPUT XXXVIII 219
adest. Cras enim multo mane est surgendum, ut, sl fierl possit,
ad patrul vlllam ante noctem perveniamus."
"Velim nobls paulo diutius morarl liceat," inquit Cornelia;
"nam credo Annam quoque aliquid narrare non nolle."
Quo audlto, Anna adrlsit, et mater: "Licet," inquit, "dum- io5
modo fabula brevis sit."
"Euge!" inquit Cornelia. "Anna nostra semper iucunda
audltu narrat."
83. diutinus, -a, -um, adj., long 95. veri: obj. gen.
^
continued. 96. adaquo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
proprietas, -atis, to water.
f.,
93. ovmership.
97- revelo, -velare, -velavi, -vela-
f.,
109. sapiens, -entis, adj., wise. 118. Hoc totum, This whole story.
113. £ quibus altera, One of whom. 126. nostrum: partit. gen.
116. alterius: supplying the missing 12". recondo, -condere, -condidi,
gen. of alius. -conditus, tr., sheathe.
CAPUT XXXIX
Postero die, priusquam reliqul gustaverunt, Stasimus foras
egressus in via cum obvils loquebatur; cum enim hfis regiones
numquam antea vlsisset, summo studio exqulrebat omnia.
Postremo occurrit homo habitu peregrino, qul olim casu
aliquo manum fimlserat; pro qua unco ferreo iitebatur. Ad
quem Stasimus propius accessit ac de rebus varils loqul coepit.
Cumque uncum ferreum aliquamdiii attentius observasset:
"Dlc, hospes," inquit; "quo casu misero manum tuam amlsistl?"
Ille autem nihil respondit, ac statim alia de re loqul contendit.
Sed Stasimus, cognoscendl cupiditate incensus, Instabat acrius
et negabat se umquam hominem dlmissurum, nisi id sibi respon-
disset.
Tum alter: "Hoc tibi respondebo," inquit, "sl prius iura-
veris te postea de hac re nihil amplius rogaturum."
"Optime," inquit Stasimus. "Per deos deasque omnes iiiro
me nihil de hac re postea rogaturum, sl modo hoc unum mihi
responderis."
"Manus mea," inquit alter, "beluae immanis morsii derepta
est."
Tum omnes, qul circumstabant, cachinnos maximos sustule-
runt; nam Stasimus, cognoscendl studio etiam vehementius
incensus, iure iurando tamen impediebatur quominus plura
quaereret. Sed opportune hora profectionis iam aderat; quare
ille haud invltus se recepit ad redas, quae ante ostium stabant.
Brevl omnes foras egressl escenderunt et laetl profectl sunt;
nam hoc die ad flnem itineris longl se perventuros sperabant.
2. obviis: i.e., people coming up. 15. per deos, etc: a comic oath.
11. negabat: cf. XVII, 17. 16. modo, only.
221
222 AD ALPES
I rapiunt et aurae,
pedes quo te
Dum favet nox et Venus; I secundo
Omine, et nostrl memorem sepulchro
Scalpe querellam.'
"
bride.
224
CAPUT XXXIX 225
f.,
5. 7. vastatio,
live.
227
228 AD ALPES
topic, subject.
thus. philosophia, -ae,
f.,
philosophy.
33. cum, as. 43 Quantum, 5o /ar a«.
36. dlurnus, -a, -um, adj.,
of
wisdom. Some
philosophers affected a mean 47. discepto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.
dress. and intr., have a discussion.
40. hdc: with the comp. 48. lubens, -entis, adj.: lit., willing.
CAPUT XL 229
54. . . .
113. evello, -vellere, -velli, -vul- 119. expensum, -i, n.; lit., cost,
sus, tr., tear out. expense.
LITDS BRITANNIAE
APPENDIX
Page 35
Page 36
(original)
Page 46
Page 85
Page 105
Page 128
Page 136
Page 146
Page 151
Page 173
Page 223
CARMEN
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
abl. =ablative loc. =locative
abbrev. =abbreviation m. or masc. =masculine
absol. =absolute mod. =modifier
ace. =accusative monosyl. =monosyllable
adj. =adjective n. or neut. =neuter
adv. =adverb- adverbial n.=note
app. =apposition neg. =negative
cf. =confert compare nom. =nominative
comp. =comparativo num. =numeral
conj. =conjunction obj. =object. objective
dat. =dative part. =participle
decl. =declension partit. =partitive
defect. =defective pass. =passive
dem. =demonstrative perf. =perfect
dept. =depondent pers. =personal
disc. =discourse pl. =plural
dissyl. =dissyllable plup. =pluperfect
distrib. =distribution poss. =possessive
e. g. = exemj>H grdtid. for example pred. =predicate
exclam. =exclamation prep. =preposition
f. =feminine pres. =present
foU. =following pron. =pronoun
fut. =future purp. =purpose
gen. =genitive quest. =question
hort. =hortatory reflex. =reflexive
i.e. = id est- that is rel. =relative
imper. =imperative 8C =scilicet- supply
impers. — impersonal sec. =second
ind. =indirect separ. =separation
indecl. =indeclinable sing. =singular
indef. =indefinite spec. =specification
infin. =infinitive subj. =subject
intens. =intensive subjv. =subjunctive
interj. =interjection sup. =superlative
interrog. =interro?ative tr. =transitive -
240
VOCABULARY
accelero, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and
intr., hasten, hurry on.
a, ab, prep. with abl., by, from, of.
See frdns, latus, and tergum. accendo, -cendere, -cendi, -census,
abducd, -ducere, -dtixi, -ductus, tr., tr., light; cheer on.
take away. accido, -cidere, -cidi, intr., happen.
abed, -ire, -ii, -itum, intr., go away, accipio, -cipere, -cepi, -ceptus, tr.,
depart, leave, begone (imper.); accept, receive, take; greet, wel-
be off, get away, come away; go, come, deal with; suffer (defeat);
go off, go on, go forward, go out, hospitio accipere, receive hos-
wander off, keep off ; move, start, pitably, entertain; acceptus, -a,
set out; (of the day) deeline, (of -um, part. as adj., agreeable,
time) pass. pleasing.
abhinc, adv., ago. acer, -cris, -cre, adj., fierce; pierc-
abicid, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr., ing.
throw away; throw, cast. acerbus, -a, -um, adj., bitter.
ablatus, see auferd. acervus, -i, m., heap.
abnuo, -nuere, -nui, -nuiturus, Ir. Achaia, -ae, /., the Roman province
and intr., shake head; refuse, of Greece.
reject. Achan, indecl., a Hebrew who se-
abscido, -cidere, -cidi, -cisus, tr., creted part of the spoils of Jericho.
cut off . Acheron, -ontis, m., a river of the
abscondd, -condere, -condi, -con- Lower World.
ditus, tr., conceal, hide. acies, -ei,/., battle-line, line of bat-
abstuli, see auferd. tle, line, army.
absum, -esse, afui, afuturus, intr., acriter, adv., fiercely, sharply, stren-
be absent, be away, be out, be uously, vigorously, energetically.
distant; lack, be lacking.
acutus, -a, -um, adj., sharp.
absurdus, -a, -um, adj., ridiculous;
bad (writing). ad, prep. with acc, to, (up) to,
toward, at, for, on, upon; to the
abundd, -are, -avi, -atum, intr.,
house of, to the establishment of,
abound; part. as adj., abundans,
to the presence of ; near; according
-antis, lavish.
to, to the accompaniment of . See
ac, atque, conj., and. See aeque. unus, usque, and versus (prep.).
accedo, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum, addo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., add;
intr., approach, draw near, draw
gradum addere, hurry, hasten.
(closer); advance, step up, come
up, come on, come, move adducd, -ducere, -diixi, -ductus, tr.,
(toward) ; impers. third sing., it is bring on, bring, bring (to), bring
added, etc. up; pass., come; be overcome.
241
ADEO 242 aEneus
aptus, -a, -um, adj., suited, fit, Asia, -ae, /., Asia.
attached. asinus, -i, m., ass.
apud, prep. with acc, among, at the
house of, at the court of, before; aspicio, -spicere, -spexl, -spectus,
near; in (with name of writer); tr., see, view, catch sight of,
with, in the hands of; apud in- sight, notice, note, look on, look
feros, in the world below. at, behold, witness, look.
at, conj., but; then, and.
aqua, -ae, /., water.
aquila, -ae, /., eagle, standard. Atalanta, -ae, /., a princess famed
for her fleetness.
aquor, -ari, -atus, intr., get water.
ater, -tra -trum, adj., black, dark.
ara, -ae, /., altar.
Athenae, -arum, /., Athens.
Arabia, -ae, /., Arabia.
Atheniensis, -e, adj., Athenian; pl.,
arbitrium, -i, n., authority, behest. as noun, Athenienses, -ium, m.,
arbor, -oris, /., tree. the Athenians.
arcesso, -ere, -ivi, -itus, tr., sum- Athenoddrus, -i, m., a Greek philos-
mon, call. opher mentioned by Pliny.
Archimedes, -is, m., a celebrated
athleta, -ae, m., athlete.
mathematician of Syracuse.
Atilius, -i, m., see Regulus.
ardeo, ardere, arsi, arsurus, intr.,
glow, burn. atque, conj., see ac.
ardor, -oris, m., heat, enthusiasm, atqui, conj., and yet.
passion. atrox, -ocis, adj., shocking, fearful,
area, -ae, /., court, yard. dreadful, fierce.
Arethtisa, -ae, /., a nymph and a attente, adv., intently, attentively,
spring in Sicily. closely, steadily.
argentum, -i, n., silver, silver plate. attined,-tinere,-tinui,-tentum, intr.;
Aria'dna, -ae, /., Ariadne, daughter with ad and acc, concern.
of Minos, king of Crete. attingo, -tingere, -tigi, tactus, tr.,
Aricia, -ae, /., a town of Latium. touch, visit.
Ariminum, -i, n., a town of Umbria. attuli, see adfero.
Aristippus, -i, m., a Greek philoso- auctio, -onis, /., auction.
pher born in the fifth century B.c. auctor, -oris, m., proposer, backer,
arma, -orum, n., arms, armor. director; writer.
armo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., arm; auctoritas, -atis, /., authority,
part. as adj., armatus, -a, -um, authorization, responsibility.
armed, equipped to fight, in full audacter, adv., boldly, with good
armor; as noun, armatus, -i, m., courage.
armed man.
audax, -acis, adj., bold, venture-
arripio, -ripere, -ripui, -reptus, tr., some.
seize, snatch, catch up. audeO, audere, ausus sum, tr. and
ars, artis, /., science, art. intr., dare, venture, mean.
arte, adv., closely, tightly, soundly. audio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr. and intr.,
artus, -a, -um, adj., deep, sound hear, be within earshot, listen,
(sleep) . listen to, attend the lectures of,
Ascanius, -i, m., son of Aeneas. learn.
ascendd, -scendere, -scendi, -scen- aufero, -ferre, abstuli, ablatus, tr.
sus, tr. andintr., mount, climb up, carry off, carry away, take away.
go aboard, embark. Augusta, -ae, /., see Livia.
AUGUSTUS 246 CAEDES
Augustus, -i, m., emperor 27 b.c. bellus, -a, -um, adj., bonny, charm-
-14 A.D. ing.
aura, -ae, /., breeze, air; favor. belua, -ae, /., beast, monster, an-
aureus, -a, -um, adj., golden, of imal.
gold, gold, gilded; as noun, bene, adv., well, luckily; (die)
aureus, -i, m., gold piece. happy. Sup., optime, excellently,
auris, -is, /., ear. well; as exclam., good! excellent!
See nuntio.
aurum, -i, n., gold, gold plate.
Beneventum, -i, n., a town in
auspicium -i, n.; pl., auspices. Samnium where Pyrrhus was
aut, conj., or; aut . . . aut, either defeated in 275 B.C.
. . . or.
benigne, adv., generously, kindly.
autem, conj., but, however, on the -ae, /., beast, creature,
bestia,
other hand, for (his) part, etc;
animal, wild beast, wild animal,
moreover, and. See sin.
monster.
auxilium, -i, n., help, aid, reen- bibo, bibere, bibl, tr. and intr., drink.
forcements.
Bithynia, -ae, /., a district in Asia
avarus, -a, -um, adj., greedy.
Minor.
Avernus, -i, m., a lake in Campania; blande, mildly, coaxingly,
adv.,
the Lower World.
persuasively.
averto, -vertere, -verti, -versus, tr.,
bdbus, see bos.
avert, turn away, turn (from),
divert, call away. Bondnia, -ae, /., o town in northern
Italy.
avide, adv., greedily, eagerly.
bonus, -a, -um, adj., good, excellent ;
avidus, -a, -um, adj., greedy, eager. sup. optimus, excellent; os noun,
avis, -is, /., bird. bonum, -i, n., asset; pl., goods,
avunculus, -i, m., uncle {on mother's fortune.
side). bos, bovis, m. and /., ox, cow; pl,
cattle.
B bracchium, -i, n., arm.
Babylon, -onis, /., Babylon. brevi, adv., shortly, soon.
Babylonius, -a, -um, adj., Babylo- brevis, -e, adj., short.
nian. Britanni, -orum, m., the Britons.
Bacchus, -i, m., the god of urine. Britannia, -ae, /., Britain.
Bagrada, -ae, m., a river in northern Brundisium, -i, n., an important sea-
Africa. port of southeast Italy.
ballista, -ae, /., -catapult.
balneum, -i, n. (pl., balneae, -arum,
/.), bath. C, abbrev. of Gaius.
barba, -ae, /., beard. cachinnus, -i, m., shout of laughter;
barbarus, -a, -um, adj., foreign, pl., laughter.
savage, barbarian; as noun, bar- cadd, cadere, cecidi, casurus, intr.-
barus, -i, m., a barbarian. fall, perish.
beatus, -a, -um, adj., happy, blest. caecus, -a, -um, adj., blind.
bellator, -oris, m., warrior, fighter. caedes, -is, /., killing, slaughter,
bellum, -i, n., war. See sedes. | loss, loss of blood.
CAEDO 247 CATULLUS
caedd, caedere, cecidi, caesus, tr., Capitolium, -i, n., the Capitol at
cut, back at, slay. Rome, the Capitoline Hill.
caelum, -i, n., sky, heaven. captivus, -a, -um, adj., captive; as
Caesar, -aris, m., in particular, noun, captivus, -i, m., prisoner.
Julius Caesar; pl., the Caesars, capto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., catch,
the emperors. reach.
Caesd, -onis, m., a name used in the Capua, -ae, /., a town of Campania.
Fabian family. caput, -itis, n., head, source; chap-
Caledonia, -ae,/., Scotland. ter; in caput, headlong. See
caliga, -ae, /., half-boot. damno.
caligd, -inis, /., mist. carcer, -eris, n., prison.
Caligula, -ae, m., a popular name careo, -ere, -ui, -iturus, intr., ab-
for the emperor Gaius Caesar, who stain, be free (from); get along
reigned 87-41 A.D. (without).
callide, adv., skillfully, cleverly. Caria, -ae, /., a district of Asia
callidus, -a, -um, adj., canny,
Minor.
shrewd. Carmelus, -i, m., Carmel, a moun-
Calvini, -drum, m., name of a branch tain of Syria.
of Nero's family. carmen, -inis, n., poem, lay, chant,
song.
calvities, -ei, /., baldness.
calvus, -a, -um, adj., bald; as noun, card, carnis, /., fiesh, meat.
calvus, -i, m., baldheaded man. carpo, carpere, carpsi, carptus, tr.,
pick; travel, pursue; iter carpere,
camera, -ae, /., cabin.
journey, travel.
Campania, -ae, /., a district in
Carthaginienses, -ium, m., the
Italy, south of Latium.
Carthaginians.
campus, -i, m., field; Campus
Martius ("Mars' Field"), a dis- Carthago, -inis, /., Carthage.
trict of Rome. carus, -a, -um, adj., dear, beloved;
cancer, -cri, m., crab. as noun, carus, -i, m., dear one,
darling.
candidus, -a, -um, adj., white, shin-
ing. casa, -ae, /., hut, cottage, cot.
canis, -is, m. and /., dog. castigo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., re-
Cannensis, -e, adj., of Cannae, a prove, scold, take to task.
city of southeast Italy. castra, -orum, n., camp. See habeo
cano, canere, cecini, tr. and intr., and pdnd.
sing, sing of, predict; play, sound. casus, -us, m., accident, chance;
cantd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and intr., fate, misfortune; fall; case.
sing, chant.
catena, -ae, /., chain.
cantus, -us, m., singing, music.
capella, -ae, /., goat. Catilina, -ae, m., Lucius Sergius
Catiline, leader of a conspiracy in
Capenus, -a, -um, adj., designation
Cicero's time.
of one of the inner gates of Rome.
capillus, -i, m., hair. Catius, -i, m., Quintus Catius, a
Roman officer in the Second Punic
capio, capere, cepi, captus, tr., cap-
ture, make prisoner, take, catch, War.
captivate, attract, gain, scize, Catullus, -i, m., a Roman poet of
partake of. Cicero's time.
CATULUS 248 CLARB
clarus, -a, -um, adj., famous, illus- colloquor, -loqui, -locutus sum, intr.,
trious; bright; loud. talk, converse, exchange words.
-is, /., fleet.
classis, collum, -i, n., neck.
Claudia, -ae, /., name of a Roman columba, -ae, /., dove.
matron. Comenses, -ium, m., the people of
Claudius, -I, m., emperor 41-64 Comum.
A.D.; Gaius Claudius Nero, a comes, -itis, m. and /., attendant,
commander in the Second Punic companion.
War.
comitas, -atis, /., courtesy, kindli-
daudo, claudere, clausi, clausus, ness, consideration, politeness.
tr., close, encircle.
comiter, adv., affably, kindly.
claudus, -a, -um, adj., lame.
comitor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., attend,
clementer, adv., mercifully, gently, accompany.
mildly.
commemoro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
clementia, -ae, /., mercy, clemency. tell, mention, relate.
cloaca, -ae, /., sewer. committo, -mittere, -misi, -mis-
Cn., abbrev. of Gnaeus. sus, tr., intrust, commit, assign,
coepi, -isse, tr., began. expose; do (vrrong), join (battle);
pass., (of a battle) be fought, take
cogitatio, -dnis, /., thought,
place.
thoughts.
commode, adv., readily, con-
cogito, -are, -iivi, -atus, tr. and intr.,
veniently, comfortably.
think, think of.
commodd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., lend,
cognatus, -i, m., blood relation, loan.
relative.
commoveo, -movere, -movi, -mdtus,
cognomen, -inis, n., nickname, by- tr., stir, shake, disturb, stir up,
name. alarm, excite, work up, move,
cognosco, -noscere, -novi, -nitus, actuate, interest.
tr., learn, find, hear, be informed, communis, -e, adj., common; in
know; try (a case). See stu- commune, in common.
dium. comparo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., pro-
cogo, cogere, coegi, coactus, tr., vide, supply, get ready, acquire,
force, oblige, compel, constrain; store up; compare.
mass, concentrate, mobi- comperio, -perire, -peri, -pertus, tr.,
gather,
ze; pass., must; gather. discover, find out, know.
cohors, -rtis, /., cohort. compled, -plere, -plevi, -pletus, tr.,
cohortatio, -onis,/., encouragement, fill, fill up; part. as adj., com-
suggestion, request. • pletus, -a, -um, full.
collatus, see confero.
complexus, -us, m., embrace; arms.
complures, -a, adj., several, some,
collega, -ae, m., colleague. a few, quite a number of .
colligo, -ligere, -legi, -lectus, tr., compond, -ponere, -posui, -positus,
collect, gather. tr., settle, adjust.
collis, -is, m., hill. comprehendo, -prehendere, -pre-
colloco, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., put, hendi, -prehensus, tr., arrest.
place, station, establish, set up; comprimo, -primere, -pressi, -pres-
pass., be situated, stand, lie. sus, tr., check, stop, imprison.
COMPROBO 250 CONSPECTUS
of
ventor
to bed.
damno, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., con-
culina, -ae, /., kitchen. domn; capitis damnare, condemn
culpa, -ae, /., fault. to death.
cultus, -fis, m., cult, worship, civili- danmiun, -i, n., loss, damage.
zation, dress. Damocles; -is, m., a flatterer of
cum, conj., when, while, as, since, Dionysius.
after; cum primum, as soon as. Danaus, -i, m., a mythical king of
cum, prep. with abl., with, along Libya.
with, by (oneselj). See fina. (daps), dapis, /., feast.
cupide, adv., eagerly. de, prep. with abl., from, of, about,
cupiditas, -atis, /., desire, greed, concerning. See fio.
cupidity. dea, -ae, /., goddess.
cupid, -ere, -ivi, -itus, tr. and intr., debeo, -ere, -ui, -itus, tr. and intr.,
be eager, desire, want. ought; part. as adj., debitus, -a,
cfir, conj., why? -um, owed, due.
ciira, -ae, /., care, anxiety. decem, indecl. num., ten.
Curius, -i, m., Manius Curius, vic- decerno, -cernere, -crevi, -cretus,
tor over Pyrrhus at Beneventum, tr., decree, assign.
275 B.C. decerpo, -cerpere, -cerpsi, -cerptus,
cfiro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and intr., tr., pluck, gather, take.
it,
beseems,
it
cursito, -are, intr., run about, keep decimus, -a, -um, num. adj., tenth.
running.
decipid, -cipere, -cepi, -ceptus, tr.,
cursor, -oris, m., runner, courier. mislead, deceive.
cursus, -fis, m., race, running, Decius, -i, m., see Mus.
course, track; speed, dash. See
dedicd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., dedi-
incito. cate, make sacred.
Curtius, -a, -um, adj., of Curtius. dedo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., sur-
Curtius, -i, m., Marcus Curtius, a render; part. as adj., deditus, -a,
legendary hero the Romans. -um, devoted.
of
dEdVco 253 DETRAHO
deduco, -ducere, -duxi, -ductus, tr., deploro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and
carry away, lead away, take intr., Iament, wail, mourn for.
away, bring out, derive, launch; depromo, -prdmere, -prompsi,
lead, conduct, take, carry, bring. -prdmptus, tr., bring out, set out,
defendo, -fendere, -fendi, -fensus, set forth, serve.
tr., protect, defend. depugno, -are, -avi, -atum, intr.,
defero, -ferre, -tuli, -latus, tr., con- fight it out, fight to the death.
vey, bear, bring, carry, deliver, derided, -ridere, -risi, -risus, tr.,
report, award, present; pass., fall mock, make fun of, laugh at.
(into).
deripio, -ripere, -ripui, -reptus, tr.,
defessus, -a, -um, adj., tired, wea- tear off, tear.
ried out.
descendo, -scendere, -scendi,
deficio, -ficere, -feci, -f ectus, tr. and
-scensum, intr., go down, come
intr., fail, run out, faint, fade, be down, march down, alight, dis-
in eclipse. mount, disembark; in certamen
defigo, -figere, -fixi, -fizus, tr., descendere, enter contest.
stick (in), cause to stop.
desero, -serere, -serui, -sertus, tr.,
deinde, adv., then, afterward. desert, leave, fail; part. as adj.,
delabor, -labi, -lapsus sum, intr., desertus, -a, -um, deserted, unin-
slip off, fall down. habited; locus dSsertus, desert.
delectatio, -onis, /., pleasure, enter- designo, -Sre, -avi, -atus, tr., indi-
tainment, delight. cate.
delecto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., please, desilio, -silire, -silui, -sultum, intr.,
delight, divert, interest; pass., leap down.
take pleasure, delight, be mter- desino, -sinere, -sii, -situm, intr.,
ested; get along (with). cease, stop.
deleo, -ere, -evi, -etus, tr., destroy. desisto, -sistere, -stiti, -stitum,
deligo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., fasten, intr., cease.
station (ships). desperatio, -onis, /., despair.
deliro, -are, intr., be insane. desperd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and
intr., lose heart, give up hope of.
dementer, adv., wildly, madly.
despicid, -spicere, -spexi, -spectus,
demittd, -mittere, -misi, -missus,
tr. and intr., look down; scorn.
tr., let down, let drop, lower; se
demittere, come down; part. as destind, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., have
adj., demissus, -a, -um, down- in mind, plan, design, appoint.
cast. destiti, see desisto.
demonstrd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., destitud, -stituere, -stitui, -stitutus,
point out, point at. tr., desert, abandon.
demum, adv., at length, at last, destringo, -stringere, -strinxi,
finally. -strictus, tr., draw.
denique, adv., finally, at length. detego, -tegere, -texi, -tectus, tr.,
dens, dentis, m., tooth, fang. uncover, discover.
deterreo, -terrere, -terrui, -territus,
densus, -a, -um, adj., thick.
(r« drive away, warn off, frighten
denuo, adv., again, once again, once oft ; stop, deter.
more.
detraho, -trahere, -traxi, -tractus,
depelld, -pellere, -puli, -pulsus, tr., tr., draw out, take out, pull off,
dispel, avert; slake (thirst). detach.
DEUS 254 DISSIPO
devoveo, -vovere, -vovi, -votus, tr., dirigo, -rigere, -rexi, -rectus, tr.,
doom, consecrate to death, sacri- direct, steer.
fice. diripio, -ripere, -ripui, -reptus, tr.,
dexter, -tra, -trum, adj., right. pillage, plunder.
Diana, -ae, /., goddess of hunting. dirus, -a, -um, adj., awful, dread-
dico, dicere, dlxi, dictus, tr., say, ful.
speak, tell, orate, repeat ; refer to, Dis, Ditis, m., god of the Lower
mention, mean; express; sing World, i.e., Pluto.
(praises) ; use (o word) . See male
and recte. discedd, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum,
intr., withdraw, depart, leave, go
dictator, -oris, m., dictator.
off, walk away, move away, pass
Dido, -us, /., gueen of Carthage. off, disappear, fade; scatter, part,
diducd, -ducere, -duxi, -ductus, tr., go; (of time) pase.
pull (apart). discerpo, -cerpere, -cerpsi, -cer-
dies, -ei, m. andf., day, daylight; in ptus, tr., tear up, tear to pieces,
dies, from day to day. destroy.
differo, -ferre, distuli, duatus, tr., discindd, -scindere, -scidi, -scissus,
put off, postpone. tr., tear, rend, split.
difficilis, -e, adj., hard, difficult. disciplina, -ae, /., training.
digitus, -i, m., finger.
disco, discere, didici, tr., learn,
dignus, -a, -um, adj., worthy, de- study.
serving, suited; worth (doing,
etc.), (sup.) well worth; dignus
discrimen, -inis, n., peril, crisis,
esse, deserve (to); dignum est, issue.
lit., it beseems, it befits. See satis. discurro, -currere, -curri and -cu-
diiudico, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., look curri, -cursum, intr., run about,
into, settle. scamper, scatter.
duanio, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., tear to dispdnd, -ponere, -posui, -positus,
pieces. tr., post, station; pass., recline,
diligenter, adv., diligently, careful- be seated.
ly, with interest. disputo, -are, -avi, -atum, intr.,
diligentia, -ae, /., diligence, care. argue, discuss.
dimetior, -metiri, -mensus, tr., sur- dissensio, -onis, /., quarrel.
vey.
dissipo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., scatter;
dimicd, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., fight. part. as adj., dissipatus, -a, -um,
dimidium, -i, half. scattered.
DISTENDO 255 EDO
edo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., utter; emergo, -mergere, -mersi, -mer-
do, cause; give, hold (games); sum, intr., rise, issue, scramble
put on (a show) ; render (a service). out.
educo, -ducere, -duxi, -ductus, tr., Smico, -mic&re, -micui, -micatum,
bring out, lead out, lead forth, intr., dart forth, shine out.
conduct out, withdraw. emd, emere, emi, emptus, tr., buy.
efferd, -ferre, extuli, elatus, tr., emptor, -oris, m., buyer, owner.
carry out, carry away, bring out,
enim, conj., for.
bring away; extol, laud; elate-
set up. enixe, adv., earnestly.
it,
there; to into it. See quo
dig up; scratch out, knock out. and usque.
effugio, -fugere, -fugi, tr. artd intr.,
ii,
ed, ire, itum, intr., go, come;
escape, get away, rush (out).
(of time) pass. See obviam.
effundd, -fundere, -fudi, -fusus, tr., eodem, adv., to the same place.
pour out, spill, shed; pass., epistula, -ae, /., letter.
sprawl, burst forth, be dissolved;
Eporedia, -ae, /., a town north-
of
se effundere, burst out; part. as
adj., effusus, -a, -um, quick, full western Italy.
(speed). eques, -itis, m., horseman, knight;
egeo, -ere, -ui, intr., call for, be in
pl., cavalry.
need (of). equester, -tris, -tre, adj., cavalry.
ego, mei, pers. pron., I; (oblique equus, -i, m., horse.
cases) myself. erigo, -rigere, -rexi, -rectus, tr.,
rouse.
egredior, -gredi, -gressus sum, intr.,
come out, come forth, go out, go eripio, -ripere, -ripui, -reptus, tr.,
forth, emerge; depart, descend, take away, snatch, snatch away,
land; (with ab and abl.) leave, rescue.
march (out) ; ex navi egredi, dis- erro, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., stray,
embark. range, roam, wander; go astray,
egregius, -a, -1 - preeminent, be deceived, be mistaken, be
noteworthy, noble, ae, splendid, wrong.
unusual, peerless. error, -oris, m., mistake, error;
eheu, interj., alas, oh dear!
winding.
eicio, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr., erubesco, -rubescere, -rubui, intr.,
cast forth, cast up. blush.
elatus: see effero. erumpo, -rumpere, -rupi, -ruptum,
intr., burst out, burst forth,
elephantus, -i, m., elephant. break out, rush (out).
elidd, -lidere, -lisi, -lisus, tr.,
erus, -i, m., master.
crush, dash.
escendd, -scendere, -scendi, -scen-
eligo, -ligere, -legi, -lectus, tr., sus, tr. and intr., climb, climb
select, choose, single out, pick up. (into), climb up, step up, scramble
eludo, -ludere. -lusi, -lusus, tr., up, mount (into); mount, mount
deceive, trick, mock; escape. to; get in.
ESVRlO 257 EXP0N5
ferid, ferire, tr., strike, strike upon. Battle of Lake Trasimenus, 217
fero, ferre, tuli, latus, tr., carry, B.c.
bring, give (help); bear, endure, flamma, -ae, /., flame, fire.
stand against, put up with; say, fiavus, -a, -um, adj., yellow.
represent, relate; (Jate) inclines;
(way) leads; pass., roll. fleo, flere, flevi, fletus, tr. and intr.,
See
obviam. cry, weep.
Feronia, -ae, /.; a nymph and foun- flos, floris, m., flower.
tain of Latium. fluctus, -us, m., wave, billow; pl.,
ferreus, -a, -um, adj., of iron. water.
ferram, -i, n., steel, sword. flumen, -inis, n., river.
fessus, -a, -um, adj., weary, tired. fodio, fodere, fddi, fossus, tr., dig.
fictilis, -e, adj., of earthenware. foedus, -a, -um, adj., shocking,
dreadful, shameful, disgraceful,
Fidenae, -arum,/., a townjust north horrid.
of Rome.
-i,
folium, n., leaf.
fides, -ei, /., honor, loyalty, pledge,
agreement, word; protectlon; con- fomentum, -i, n., remedy, lotion.
fidence, belief. See habeo. fons, fontis, m., spring, well.
filia, -ae, /., daughter. foras, adv. with verb motion, out-
of
f iliola, -ae, /., little daughter. doors.
filius, fili, m., son. foris, -is,/.; pl., door.
foris, adv., with verb
of
f ilum, -i, n., thread. rest, outdoors,
outside.
findo, findere, fidi, fissus, tr., split.
forma, -ae, /., beauty, shape, condi-
fingo, fingere, finxi, fictus, tr., in- tion.
vent, make up.
forsitan, adv., perchance, by chance,
finis, -is, m., end, ending, goal, close, perhaps.
place; death; pl., territory.
fortasse, adv., perhaps.
finitimus, -a, -um, adj., nearby,
neighboring; pl., neighboring peo- forte, adv., by chance, perchance.
See si.
ples.
fio, fieri, factus sum, intr., become, fortis, -e, adj., brave, steady.
be, be done, be made, be built; fortiter, adv., bravely, courageously.
develop, come about, happen, fortuitus, -a, -um, adj., matter of
a
impero, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., incito, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., inspire,
order, demand, give orders, have infuriate; part. as adj., incitatus,
command. -a, -um, full (speed); cursu inci-
impetus, -us, m., attack, assault, tato, at a gallop.
charge, inroad, force. See facio. includd, -cludere, -clusi, -clusus, tr.,
impingo, -pingere, -pegi, -pactus, imprison, shut up.
tr., let drive, hurl down, bring incognitus, -a, -um, adj., untried,
down. unknown.
impius, -a, -um, adj., wicked, im-
/.,
incola, -ae, m. and inhabitant,
pious. native.
imploro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., beg
incold, -colere, -colui, tr., inhabit.
for, call for.
impono, -ponere, -posui, -positus,
incolumis, -e, adj., unharmed, safe.
tr., place on, place upon, put in. incumbd, -cumbere, -cubui, -cubi-
tum, intr., fall (upon).
improbus, -a, -um, adj., wicked,
unprineipled. incusd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., up-
imprudens, -entis, adj., unaware, braid, blame, complain of.
thoughtless(ly). inde, adv., thence, from there, from
it,
impudentia, -ae, /., impudence. thence, therefrom; from from
impudicus, -a, -um, adj., shameless. them.
impune, adv., with impunity, with- indecorus, -a, -um, adj., unseemly.
out harm, without cost. Indi, -orum, m., the people of In-
imus, -a, -um, adj., inmost; ex imo, dia.
from the very bottom. See os India, -ae, /., India.
(ossis).
in, prep. with abl., in, within, at, indicium, -i, n., sign, statement.
among, on. indignus, -a, -um, adj., shameful,
in, prep. with acc, into, out into, to, disgraceful, a disgrace (to).
at, upon, against, in, on, toward; indo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., apply,
up on; among; over; for, as. See give.
dies and praesens.
induco, -ducere, -duxi, -ductus, tr.,
incautus, -a, -um, adj., heedless, off lead on, bring on, lead, carry;
guard. invite, actuate, encourage, in-
incedd, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum, spire, induce, persuade.
intr., come on, march.
indud, -duere, -dui, -dutus, tr.,
incendium, -i, n., fire.
dress, dress up; part., indutus, -a,
incendo, -cendere, -cendi, -census, -um, clad.
tr., light, set fire to, burn, fire;
inflame, inspire, stir, anger, move, ineo, -ire, -ii, -itus, tr. and intr.,
fill. enter, enter into consider, adopt
;
incertus, -a, -um, adj., undecided, (plan); win (favor); part., iniens,
-euntis; ab ineunte aetate, from
unsettled, not sure, not knowing.
earliest youth.
incidd, -cidere, -cidi, tr., fall (upon,
into), run (into), happen. ineptus, -a, -um, adj., silly.
incipio, -cipere, (-cepi, -ceptus), tr., inermis, -e, adj., unarmed, without
begin. Cf. coepi. a weapon.
Incitatus, -i, m., Flyer, name of a infamis, -e, adj., of evil report (re-
race horse. pute); unfavorable.
INFANS 264 INTER
infans, -antis, m. and f. (adj. and inquieto, -are, — , -atus, tr., dis-
noun), infant. turb.
infaustus, -a, -um, adj., unlucky. inquietus, -a, -um, adj., anxious,
infelix, -icis, adj., unfortunate, luck- disturbed, restless.
less, unhappy, poor; as noun, m., inrumpo, -rumpere, -rupi, -ruptus,
poor man, unhappy man, etc. tr. and intr., break (ln, into),
infero, -ferre, intuli, inlatus, tr., burst (into).
infiict, introduce; hurl (upon); inruo, -ruere, -rui, intr., charge,
cause; make (war upon); part., make a dash.
inlatus, -a, -um, suffered. insanus, -a, -um, adj., crazy, in-
inferus, -a, -um, adj., of the Lower sane.
World; pl. as noun, inferi, -orum, inscribo, -scribere, -scripsi, -scrip-
m., the gods of the Lower World, tus, tr., record, write upon, in-
the Lower World. Cf. imus. scribe.
infestus, -a, -um, adj., dangerous, insequor, -sequi, -secutus, tr. and
threatening, opposing. intr., pursue.
influo, -fluere, -fluxi. -fluxum, intr., insidiae, -arum, /., ambush, snares,
ftow in, flow (into). plots, trap, treachery.
infra, adv., below. insimulo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., im-
ingens, -entis, adj., huge, great, ply, insinuate.
tremendous. insolitus, -a, -um, adj., unusual,
ingratus, -a, -um, adj., unwelcome, unfamiliar.
ungrateful.
inspicio, -spicere, -spexi, -spectus,
ingredior, -gredi, -gressus sum, tr. tr., look into, examine, view.
and intr., enter, come in, advance
into; advance, travel; take up, institor, -dris, m., peddler.
traverse; iter ingredi, journey. instituo, -stituere, -stitui, -stitutus,
inhibed, -hibere, -hibui, -hibitus, tr., begin, construct, found,
tr., check, hold in check. plant; train.
inhumanus, -a, -um, adj., cruel, insto, -stare, -stiti, -staturus, intr.,
inhuman. persist, insist.
inicio, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr., throw instruo, -struere, -struxi, -striictus,
on, throw (upon), plunge (into), tr., build; draw up (troops).
inspire (in), cause; lay (hands on). insula, -ae, /., island; Insulae For-
inimicus, -i, m., enemy. tunatae, Islands of the Blest.
iniquus, -a, -um, adj., cruel, unde- integer,-gra, -grum, adj., intact,
served, unfavorable; dangerous unimpaired.
(shore). intellego, -legere, -lexi, -lectus, tr.
initium, -i, n., beginning. and intr., understand, know, see.
iniuria, -ae, /., injury, wrong; abl. intendo, -tendere, -tendi, -tentus,
as adv., iniuria, wrongfully, with- tr. and intr., turn, bend (upon);
out reason. part. as adj., intentus, -a, -um,
iniussu (abl. only), m., without attentive, mtent, eager, expect-
authorization. ant, interested (in).
inopia, -ae, /., scarcity, want. inter, prep. with acc, among, be-
inquam, defect. verb, say, remark; tween; inter s§, to one another,
ask, mquire, answer, reply, con- with one another, together, in
tinue; exclaim, cry, shout. turn.
INTERDIU 265 iactDra
iam, adv., now, already, at length, labor, labi, lapsus sum, intr., glide,
soon; yet; iam diu, long since, slide.
long, for some time; iam dudum, laboro, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., be
long since; iam iam, at any mo- distressed; impers. pass., labora-
ment; iam non, no longer. See tur, there be trouble; morbo
nec. laborare, be ill; part. as adj.,
ianitor, -dris, m., doorkeeper. labdrans, -antis, heavily laden.
ianua, -ae, /., door. labyrinthus, -i, m., labyrinth.
Ierico, indecl., /., Jericho. Lacedaemonii, -orum, m., the Spar-
iocus, -i, m., joke, jest, pleasantry. tans.
Iordanes, -is, m., the Jordan. lacesso, -ere, -ivi, -itus, tr., harass,
attack.
Idsue, indecl., m., Joshua.
lacrima, -ae, /., tear.
Iovis, sce Iuppiter.
lacus, -us, m., lake.
iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus, tr., bid,
order. laedo, -ere, -si, -sus, tr., injure.
iucunde, adv., pleasantly. laetitia, -ae, /., joy, happiness.
iucundus, -a, -um, adj., pleasant, laetus, -a, -um. adj., glad, joyous,
interesting. joyful, cheerful, in good spirits,
pleased, proud; pleasant.
Iudaea, -ae,/., Judea.
lamentabilis, -e, adj., pitiable, pite-
iudex, -icis, m., critic, judge.
ous, tearful.
iudicium, -i, n., decision, judgment;
lancea, -ae, /., spear.
in iudicium, to court.
languidus, -a, -um, adj., drowsy,
iugum, -i, n., yoke.
spiritless.
Iulius, -i, m., a Roman family name;
lapis, -idis, m., stone.
GaiusJulius Caesar; JuliusAgric-
ola, father^in-law of Tacitus. late, adv., far, wide, widely, exten-
sively, freely.
Iunius, -a, -um, adj., of June.
latebrae, -arum, /., hiding-place,
Iunius, -i, m., Lucius Junius, o
lair.
Roman commander in the First
Punic War. lated, -ere, -ui, intr., hide, be hid-
den; part. as adj., latens, -entis,
Iuppiter, Iovis, m., Jupiter. hidden.
iure, adv., justly, with justice, with later, -eris, m., brick.
good right.
latratus, -us, m., barking.
iuro, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., swear.
latro, -onis, m., brigand, freebooter.
<See ius.
latus, -a, -um, adj., broad.
ius, iuris, n., law; ius iurandum,
oath. latus, -eris, n., side, flank, part; a
iuvenis, -is, m., young man, young (ex) latere, on the flank.
fellow, youth; as adj., youthful. laudo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., praise,
commencf.
laurus, -i (abl. also lauru), /., laurel.
L., abbrev. of Lucius. laus, laudis, /., praise.
labefacto, -are, -avi, -arus, tr., shat- lautumiae, -arum,/., quarries.
ter, wreck. lavo, -are, lavi, lautus, tr., bathe,
labor, -oris, m., labor, toil, trouble, wash; pass., bathe.
trial, distress; work, task, effort. lectus,-i, m., bed, couch.
LEGATUS 267 LYMPHA
legatus, -i, m., ambassador, licu- Livia, -ae, /., Livia Augusta, wife
tenant, commander, general. Augustus.
of
legio, -dnis,/., legion, company; pl., Livius, -i, m., Titus Livy, the his-
forces. torian; Marcus Livius, a priest
present at the Battle Sentinum,
of
lego, legere, legi, lectus, tr., gathcr,
pick; read. 295 B.C.; Marcus Livius, a com-
mander in the Second Punic War.
lenio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., ease, quiet.
lixa, -ae, m., sutler.
lenis, -e, adj., gentle.
locuples, -etis, adj., rich.
leniter, adv., slowly, softly, easily.
Lentulus, -i, m., Gnaeus Lentulus, locus, -i, m. (pl., loca, -orum, n.),
an officer in the Battle of Cannae; place, locality, district, neighbor-
PubBus Cornelius Lentulus, an hood, situation, spot, land, coun-
associate of Catiline.
try, ground. See desero.
longe, adv., far, far away, distant,
leo, -onis, m., lion.
to some distance.
lepidus, -a, -um, adj., pretty, charm-
ing, beautiful, graceful, fine. longinquus, -a, -um, adj., distant,
far away.
levis, -e, adj., light; unreliable.
longus, -a, -um, adj., long; long con-
levd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., raise, take tinued; navis longa, war ship, war
up; relieve. vessel.
lex, legis,/., law, rule, condition. loquor, loqui, locutus sum, tr. and
libenter, adv., gladly, with joy, with intr., speak, say, tell, talk, discuss.
pleasure, willingly, readily, con- Lucania, -ae, /., o district in south-
tentedly. ern Italy.
liber, -bri, m., book. Lucanus, -i, m., Marcus Annaeus
Lucan, a Roman writer Nero's
of
liber, -era, -erum, adj., free, frec-
man's. time.
libere, adv., freely. Lucius, -i, m., a boy's or man's name.
liberi, -drum, m., children. luculentus, -a, -um, adj., charming,
choice.
libero, -iire, -avi, -atus, tr., release,
Lucus, -a, -um, adj., Lucanian.
set free, free.
ludibrium, -i, n., laughingstock see
libertas, -atis, /., freedom, release.
;
habed.
libet, libere, libuit, impcrs., it is
ludifico, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and intr.,
pleasing, it is a pleasure.
engage in sport; make game of,
Libumica, -ae,/., light galley. tease, have fun with, taunt, fool.
Libya, -ae, /., a part of northern Iudo, ludere, lusi, lusum, intr., play,
Africa. joke.
licet, licere, licuit, impers; lit., it ludus, -I, m., fun, play, sport;
i.s
is
school;
it
matrimdnium, -i, n., marriage. See Metaurus, -i, m., a river in northern
duco. Italy near which Hasdrubal lost his
mature, adv,, early. Ufein207 B.c.
Mausoleum, -i, n., mausoleum. meto, metere, messui, messus, tr.,
reap.
Mausolus, -i, m., a king of Caria.
metuo, -ere, -ui, tr. and intr., fear, be
maxime, see magis.
afraid.
maximus, see magnus.
metus, -us, m., fear.
Maximus, -i, m., Quintus Fabius
meus, -a, -um, poss. adj., my, my
Maximus, opponent of Hannibal.
own, mine, of mine.
medicamentum, -i, n., medicine.
mico, -are, -ui, intr., twinkle.
medicus, -i, m., doctor.
Midas, -ae, m., a king of Phrygia.
Mediolanum, -i, n., Milan, a town
migro, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., move.
of northern Italy.
mQes, -itis, m., soldier, common sol-
medius, -a, -um, adj., midst of , cen-
dier; pl., troops.
ter of, middle of, middle; as noun,
medium, -i, n., midst. MQStus, -i, /., a city of Asia Minor.
Megara, -ae, /., Megara, a town in milia, see mille.
Greece. miliarium, -i, n., milestone.
mel, mellis, n., honey. mflitaris, -e, adj., military.
melior, -ius, see bonus. mille, indecl. num., thousand; pl.,
memini, -isse, tr., recall, remember. milia, -ium, n., thousands; milia
memorabilis, -e, adj., noteworthy. passuum, miles.
memoria, -ae, /., memory, recol- Milo, -onis, m., a famous athlete:
lection, remembering, record. Minerva, -ae, /., the goddess of wis-
dom.
memoro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., tell
of, relate. minime, see minus.
mendacium, -i, n., lie. minimus, see parvus.
mendax, -acis, adj., untruthful; as minister, -tri, m., servant.
noun, m., liar. ministro, -are, -avi, -atum, intr.,
mens, mentis, /., mind, intent, pur- serve.
pose; senses. minor, -ari, -atus sum, intr.,
mensa, -ae, /., table; course. threaten.
minor, -us, see parvus.
mensis, -is, m., month.
Minos, -ois, m., a king of Crete.
mentio, -onis, /., mention.
Mindtaurus, -i, m., the Minotaur.
mercator, -oris, m., trader.
minuo, -ere, -ui, -utus, tr., weaken;
mereor, -eri, -itus sum, tr., deserve; relieve.
take.
minus, comp. adv., less, not very,
mergo, mergere, mersi, mersus, not much, not; sup., minime, not
tr., dip, drown; pass., sink, be at all.
swallowed up. mirabilis, -e, adj., wonderful, sur-
meridies, -ei, m., noon. prising, strange, unusual.
merx, mercis, /.; pl, goods, wares, mirabiliter, adv., strangely, mysteri-
cargo. ously.
Messenio, -dnis, m., the name of a mirandus, -a, -um, adj., wonderful,
slave. strange, surprising, noteworthy.
MlROR 270 MULTUS
miror, -ari, -atus sum, tr. and intr., monumentum, -i, n., memorial,
wonder, wonder at, admire. monument.
mirus, -a, -um, adj., strange, curi- mora, -ae, /., delay.
ous. morbus, -i, m., disease, illness. <See
Misenum, -i, n., a naval station on laboro.
the west coast of Italy. moribundus, -a, -um, adj., dying.
miser, -era, -erum, adj., wretched, morior, mori, mortuus sum, intr.,
poor, unfortunate, sad; as noun, die; part. as adj., mortuus, -a,
miser, -eri, m., poor fellow, poor -um, dead; pl. as noun, mortui,
wretch, etc. -orum, m., the dead.
miseret, -ere, -uit, impers.; lit., it moror, -ari, -atus sum, tr. and intr.,
pities; me miseret, I pity, etc. tarry, linger, delay, remain, stop,
misericordia, -ae, /., pity, mercy. stay, visit, live; delay (keep wait-
mitis, -e, adj., kindly, considerate, ing).
mild. morosus, -a, -um, adj., crabbed,
peevisn.
mitto, mittere, misi, missus, tr.,
send. mors, mortis, /., death.
morsus, -us, m., bite.
moderor, -ari, -atus sum, tr. and
intr., control, manage. mortalis, -e, adj., perishable, of men;
as noun, mortalis, -is, m. and /.;
modicus, -a, -um, adj., moderate,
sing., man; pl., men, people.
unassuming.
mos, mdris, m., manner, custom,
modo, adv., only, just, just now, just
habit; pl., morals.
before, just recently, awhile ago,
lately; modo .... modo, at one mdtus, -us, m., activ1ty, movement;
terrae motus, earthquake.
time . . . at another, now. . . . now;
non modo . . . sed etiam, not only moveo, movere, movi, motus, tr.,
.... but also. stir, influence, touch; sweep
modus, -i, m., way, manner, fashion, (strings) ; wag (tail).
means, sort, degree; pl., verse, mox, adv., soon.
strains; nullo modd, not at all; Moyses (dissyl.), -is, m., Moses.
quo modd, how? how so?
mulctrum, -i, n., milk-pail.
moenia, -ium, n., walls, city.
mulier, -ieris, /., woman.
mdles, -is, /., structure, mass.
multitfldo, -inis, /., crowd, throng,
molestus, -a, -um, adj., annoying, number.
disagreeable, bothersome, distress- multo, adv., much, by far; long
ing.
(fcc/ore).
Mold, -onis, m., Apollonius Molo, multum, adv., much; (of time) long.
a teacher of rhetoric in Caesar's <See salveo.
time. multus, -a, -um, adj., abundant;
moned, -ere, -ui, -itus, tr., instruct, pl. (m. and /.), many, many of,
advise, warn, order. (neut.). much;admuItamnoctem,
mons, montis, m., mountain, hill. until far into the night; multa
monstro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., indi- nocte, late at night; multo mane,
cate, tell, point out, point at.
early in the morning. Comp. plus,
pluris, n., and plures, plura, more,
monstrum, -i, n., monster, beast, in greater numbers; gen. sing.,
horror. pluris, of more value, of greater
montanus, -i, m., mountaineer. account. Sup. plurimus, -a, -um,
MULVIUS 271 NEGOTIUM
(sing.) heartiest; pl. (m. and /.), -ne, conj., mark of direct quest.; in
very many, (neut.), very much; indirect quest., whether. See
quam plurimi, as many as pos- necne.
sible. See multo and multum. ne, conj., lest, that not, so that
Mulvius, -a, -um, adj., Mulvian; . . .not, not to, (Jearing) that,
designation of a bridge near Rome. lest; with hort. subjv., not; ne qua,
munio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., fortify, lest in any way; ne quandd, (fear-
protect; part. as adj., munitus, ing) that at some time, that at
-a, -um, safe. some time or other; ne quid, so
that nothing, lest anything, that
munus, -eris, n., gift, show; func-
in no respect; ne quis, lest any-
tion, burden.
one, so that no one, to the effect
murus, -i, m., wall. that no one, (fearing) that some-
mus, muris, m. andf., mouse. one, that somebody; ne quis
Mus, Muris, m., Publius Decius alius, (fearing) that some other.
Mus, who sacrificed his life at ne quidem, adv. phrase, not even.
. . .
Sentinum, 295 B.C.
Neapolis, -is, /., Naples, a city of
musca, -ae,/., fly. Campania.
musicus, -a, -um, adj., musical, of nebula, -ae, /., mist.
music.
nec, neque, conj., nor, and . . . not,
mutatio, -onis,/., change. and . . . no, (with enim) not. nec
Mutina, -ae, /., a city of northern . . . nec, neither . . . nor; nec iam,
Italy. and no longer; nec quidquam,
muto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., change, and nothing; nec quisquam, and
exchange. no one, and nobody; neque ullus,
mutuus, -a. -um, adj., mutual; -a, -um, and no, and not any;
mutuum (-am, -um) dare, loan. neque umquam, and never; neque
usquam, and nowhere.
necessario, adv., necessarily.
N
necesse, indecl. adj., necessary.
nam, conj., for. necne, conj.; foUouring utrum, or
Narnia, -ae,/., a city of Umbria. not.
narro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., tell, tell neco, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., kill.
of, relate.
nefas, indecl. noun, n., wrong,
nascor, nasci, natus sum, intr., be crime, sin, thing forbidden.
born, grow; part. as adj., natus,
-a, -um, born (again). See maior neglego, -legere, -lexi, -lectus, tr.,
disregard, ignore; part. as adj.,
(under magnus).
neglegens, -entis, careless.
natura, -ae, /., nature; abl., natura,
by nature, naturally. negd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and intr.,
declare that . . . not, deny, say
Naturalis (-e) Historia, see Historia.
"no";negd . . . umquam, declare
naufragium, -i, n., shipwreck. that . . . never; part. as adj.,
nauta, -ae, m., sailor. negatus, -a, -um, forbidden,
navigo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and intr., closed.
sail, embark. negdtium, -i, n., business, business
navis, -is, /., ship, vessel, boat; dealing, engagement, commission,
navis longa, war ship, war vessel. detail, matter; calling; pl., busi-
See egredior and solvo. ness cares.
NEMEAEUS 272 nDllus
Nemeaeus, -a, -um, adj., Nemean, mous, of distinction, of good
designation of a lion killed by birth.
Hercules near Nemea, in Greece. noceo, -ere, -ui, -itum, intr., do
nemd, (gen. and abl. supplied by harm, harm.
nullius and nullo), m., nobody, noctu, adv., at night, in the night,
no one. during the night, by night, one
Nemorensis, -e, adj., a designation night.
of Diana. noctua, -ae,/., night owl.
nepds, -otis, m., grandson; pl., nolo, ndlle, ndlui, tr. and intr., be
grandchildren. unwilling, not wish, not want,
Nepos, -otis, m., the writer Cornelius refuse; will . . . not?
Nepos. ndmen, -inis, n., name.
Neptunius, -a, -um, adj., Neptu- ndn, adv., not, no.ndn diutius, no
nian, built by Neptune. longer; ndn numquam, some-
Neptunus, -i, m., Neptune. times. See iam and modo.
neque, see nec. nondum, adv., not yet.
Nerd, -dnis, m., emperor 54-68 A.D.; nonnulli, -ae, -a, adj., some; as
Gaius Claudius Nero, a comman- noun, m., some people, some.
der in the Second Punic War. ndnus, -a, -um, num. adj., ninth.
nescio, -scire, -scivi, tr., not know, nosco, noscere, novi, notus, tr.,
be ignorant; nescio quid, some- come to know, examine; perf.
thing or other (with gen.), some. tense, know.
nescius, -a, -um, adj., not knowing, noster, -tra, -trum, poss. adj., our, of
knowing nothing (of). ours, our own; pl. m., as noun,
neve, conj. (=et+ne), and not; our men, our people, our side,
neve umquam, and that never. our friends.
nidus, -i, m., nest. notabilis, -e, adj., striking, note-
niger, -gra, -grum, adj., black, dark. worthy, remarkable.
nihil, indecl. noun, n., nothing, not ndtus, -a, -um, adj., known; sup.,
. . . anything; acc. as adv., in no well known, famous.
respect, not at all, no, nothing.' novus, -a, -um, adj., strange, new;
nihilominus, adv., nevertheless, none as noun, novum, -i, n., news,
the less. new. Sup., novissimus, -a, -um,
nihilum, -i, n., nothing; gen., ni- last. See res.
hili, of no value; abl. as adv., nox, noctis, /., night. See hic, mul-
nihild, not at all. tus, and primus.
Nilus, -i, m., the Nile. nubes, -is,/., cloud.
nimis, adv., too. nubd, nubere, nupsi, nuptum, intr.,
nimius, -a, -um, adj., too great, too be married.
strong, excessive. Nuceria, -ae, /., a town in Umbria.
Ninive, -es, /., Nineveh. nudus, -a, -um, adj., bare.
nisi, conj. and adv., unless; except,
nugator, -oris, m., trifier, cheat, im-
excepting.
poster.
nix, nivis, /., snow.
nullus, -a, -um, adj., no; m., as
no, nare, navi, intr., swim. noun, no one (c/. nemd). See
nobilis, -e, adj., distinguished, fa- modus and nonnulli.
NUM 273 OCCULTE
num, conj., mark of a direct question obligo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., bind,
suggesting a neg. answer; in indi- bind up, put in splints, girdle.
rect quest., whether; nvtm quis obliviscor, -livisci, -litus sum, tr.
(qui), whether anyone, whether and intr., forget.
any. obruo, -ere, -rui, -rutus, tr., over-
numen, -inis, n., god, divinity. whelm, overthrow, destroy, bury;
numerus, -i, m., number, numbers, saxis obruere, stone to death.
band, company; pl, mathemat- obscuro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., dim,
ics. make dim.
Numidae, -arum, m., the Numidi- obscurus, -a, -um, adj., shadowed,
ans; sometimes rendered as adj., dim, gloomy.
Numidian. obsecro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., pray,
numquam, adv., never. See non. beg; obsecro, please.
numquid, conj. with pron., any- observo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
thing? in indirect quest., whether watch, view, note.
anything. obses, -idis, m. and /., hostage.
nunc, adv., now. obsideo, -sidere, -sedi, -sessus, tr.,
nuntio, -are, -ftvi, -fttus, tr., say, besiege, beset, blockade.
announce, tell; bene hercle nun- obsigno, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., seal;
tifts, I'm glad to hear
it,
by Jove.
part. as adj., obsignatus, -a, -um,
nuntius, -i, m., messenger, message, under seal.
news, bulletin.
obstinatus, -a, -um, adj., deter-
nuper, adv., lately, just now, re- mined, fixed.
cently.
obsto, -are, -stiS, -staturus, intr.,
nuptiae, -arum, /., marriage. hinder, stop, delay.
nusquam, adv., nowhere, not . . . obstupefacio, -facere, -feci, -factus,
anywhere. See alibi. tr., nonplus, daze, stun.
nuto, -are, -ftvi, -fttum, intr., nod,
obtuli, see offero.
sway.
obviam, adv., with dat. and verb
of
nutrio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., feed, motion, meet, etc.; obviam ire,
care for, nourish.
go to meet, advance (to meet);
nympha, -ae, /., nymph. obviam fieri, meet; se obviam
ferre, come out to meet; obviam
properare, hurry to meet; obviam
6, venire, meet, fall in (one's) way,
O,
interj., oh!
appear.
ob, prep. with acc., on account of,
for; quam ob rem, why, where- obvius, -a, -um, adj.; as noun, pl.
fore, therefore. m., people met; obvius esse or
fieri, meet.
obdormio, -ire, -ivi, intr., fall
asleep, go to sleep. occasio, -onis, /., opportunity.
obicio, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr., ex- occasus, -us, m., setting; solis oc-
pose, place before, make barrier casus, sunset.
of, pit against, throw upon. occidd, -cidere, -cidi, -casum, intr.,
oblatus, see offero. fall, perish, be done for.
oblecto, -Sre, -Svi, -atus, tr., amuse, occido, -cidere, -cidi, -cisus, tr.,
entertain, delight, please, cheer; kiU.
while away (time). occulte, adv., secretly, quietly.
OCCULTO 274 0R10R
occulto, -are, -av1, -atus, tr., hide. opera, -ae, /., service, attention,
occupd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., take help, work, performance; operae
pretium est, worth while.
it
is
possession of, seize, take, occupy,
guard; part, as adj., occupatus, See do.
-a, -um, busy, distracted. operio, -ire, operui, opertus, tr.,
occurro, -currere, -curri, -cursum, cover, cover up, cover over, bury.
intr., come up, hurry up, appear, opinio, -onis, idea, thought, ex
block the way; with dat., meet. pectation.
Oceanus, -i, to., the English Chan opinor, -ari, -atus sum, intr., think,
nel, the Ocean. suppose, guess.
oculus, -i, to., eye. opirulor, -ari, -atus sum, intr., give
odi, -isse, dsurus, tr., hate, loathe, help.
detest, dislike. oportet, -ere, -uit, impers.; lit.,
it
is
odor, -oris, to., perfume, smell. fitting; must be.
offendo, -fendere, -fendi, -fensus, oppeto, -ere, -ivi, -itus, tr., meet.
tr., displease, strike, find; pass., oppidani, -orum, m., townspeople,
trip. people of the city.
offero, -ferre, obtuli, oblatus, tr., oppidum, -i, n., town, city.
offer; pass., present (one's) self, fill.
oppleo, -ere, -evi, -etus, tr.,
fall in (one's) way, be forthcom
opportune, adv., fortunately, lucki
ing, develop; se offerre, present
ly, by good luck, in the nick of
(one's) self, (with dat.) cross time.
(one's) path.
opportunities, -atis, /., advantage,
officio, -ficere, -feci, -fectum, intr.,
stand in way of, interfere. opprimo, -primere, -pressi, -pres-
sus, tr., weigh down, crush, kill;
officium, -i, «. , duty.
catch.
j.,
the
slave. orior, oriri, ortus sum, intr., rise,
onus, -eris, n., load, weight. arise; be sprung (from).
ORNO 275 PARVVS
omo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., decorate, palliolum, -i, n., old cloak.
beautify; set (table). Pamphylius, -a, -um, adj., Pam-
ord, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., beg, urge, phylian, designation of a sea adja-
ask. cent to Asia Minor.
Orpheus (dissyl.), -ei, m., a myth- Pan, Panos, m., god of the woods and
ical bard. shepherds.
6s, oris, n., mouth, countenance. Panathenaicus, -a, -um, adj., Pan-
See adversus. athenaic, designation of games
os, ossis, n., bone; ossa ima, mar- celebrated at Athens.
row of the bones. pango, pangere, panxi, pactus, tr.,
osculum, -i, n., kiss. plant.
ostendd, -tendere, -tendi, -tentus, papae, interj., whew! wonderful! re-
tr., indicate, reveal, exhibit, dis- markable! goodness! dear me!
play, call to (one's) attention, par, paris, adj., like.
show, tell. parsum,
parco, parcere, peperci,
ostentatio, -onis, /., boasting, dis- intr., spare.
play, effect. parens, -entis, m. andf., parent.
ostento, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., dis-
pared, -ere, -ui, intr., obey, have
play, show, exhibit.
regard for, serve.
Ostia, -ae, /., port at the mouth of
Ihe Tiber. paries, -ietis, m., wall (of a build-
ing).
ostium, -i, n., mouth (of river) ; door.
pario, parere, peperi, partus, tr.,
Otho, -onis, m., emperor in 69 A.D.
win.
otiosus, -a, -um, adj., at leisure, at
ease, with nothing to do; calm, Parma, -ae, /., a city of northern
undisturbed. Italy.
Ovidius, -i, m., the poet Ovid. paro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., prepare,
make ready, get ready; part. as
ovis, -is, /., sheep.
adj., paratus, -a, -um, ready.
ovum, -i, n., egg.
pars, partis, /., part, division, piece;
place, direction, side; pl., r61e;
magna ex parte, in large part, for
the most part; omnibus ex parti-
P., of Publius.
abbr. bus, at every point, on all sides,
pabulum, -i, n., fodder. on every side. See alius.
Padus, -i, m., the Po, a river of parvulus, -a, -um, adj., very small,
northern Italy. little, tiny, small; as noun, par-
paene, adv., almost. vulus, -i, m., little boy, small boy,
paenitet, -ere, -uit, impers., it re- little fellow.
pents; me paenitet, I regret, I parvus, -a, -um, adj., small, little;
am sorry, etc. weak (voice); parvi facere, care
pala, -ae, /., spade; bezel (o/ a ring). little for, think little of. Comp.,
minor, minus, smaller, younger,
Palaestini, -orum, m., the Philis-
junior. Sup., minimus, -a, -um,
tines.
very little, faintest (flash) ; neut.
Palatium, -i, n., the Palatine Hill, sing. as noun, as little aspossible;
the palace. minimi facere, regard as of no
pallidus, -a, -um, adj., pale. • account, think of little worth.
PASSIM 276 PERINVITUS
patior, pati, passus sum, tr., allow, perago, -agere, -egi, -actus, tr., per-
suffer, experience. form; pass (time).
patria, -ae, /., fatherland, country, percutio, -cutere, -cussi, -cussus,
native city, native place, native tr., strike, stab.
country, home country, home perdo, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., lose,
town. destroy.
patrius, -a, -um, adj., of (one's) perdomo, -are, -ui, -itus, tr., sub-
fathers, of (one's) nation, na- due thoroughly.
tional. peregrinus, -a, -um, adj., foreign, in
patruus, -i, m., uncle (on father's foreign lands; as noun, peregri-
nus, -i, m., foreigner.
pauci, -ae, -a, adj., few, a few. pereo, -ire, -ii, intr., perish, die, lose
paulatim, adv., gradually. life, be killed, fall, be lost, be
paulisper, adv., for a little time, for
ruined; perii, mercy!
a little, a little while. perfacilis, -e, adj., very easy.
paulo, adv., a little. perficid, -ficere, -feci, -fectus, tr.,
paulum, adv., little, a little, (but) accomplish, build.
little; as indecl. noun, n., a little. perfidia, -ae, /., treachery, faith-
Paulus, -i, m., Lucius Aemilius lessness.
Paulus, one of the commanders perfidus, -a, -um, adj., faithless,
at Cannae, 216 B.c; the apostle dishonorable.
Paul. perfundd, -fundere, -fudi, -fusus,
pavidus, -a, -um, adj., frightened, tr., pour; anoint, bathe.
in alarm.
Pergamenus, -a, -um, adj., of Per-
pax, pacis, /., peace. gamum, in Asia Minor.
pecco, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., be at pergo, pergere, perrexi, perrectus,
fault, sin.
intr., go on, proceed, continue,
pectus, -oris, n., breast, heart. journey, go.
pecunia, -ae, /., money. See periculdsus, -a, -um, adj., dan-
praesens. gerous.
pecus, -oris, n., flock; pl., animals. periculum, -i, n., danger, peril.
pecus, -udis, /., animal, beast; pl., perinvxtus, -a, -um, adj., very un-
cattle. willing(ly).
PEBlTUS 277 PONDUS
peritus, -a, -um, adj., skilled, expert. piscis, -is, m., fish.
perlibenter, adv., very eagerly, with pistor, -oris, m., baker.
great pleasure, readily. placenta, -ae, /., cake.
permagnus, -a, -um, adj., very Placentia, -ae, /., o city of northern
great, very important. Italy.
permitto, -mittere, -misi, -missus, placed, -ere, -ui, -itum, intr., please,
tr., allow, give permission. be pleasing, be approved.
permulced, -mulcere, -mulsi, -mul- placide, adv., quietly.
sus, tr., lick, stroke;
placidus, -a, -um, adj., quiet, serene.
perraro, adv., very seldom, very plane, adv., clearly, quite, absolute-
rarely.
ly, full well, simply.
perrexi, see pergd. planus, -a, -um, adj., clear; level.
Persae, -arum, m., the Persians.
plaustrum, -i, n., cart.
persevero, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., plausus, -fls, m., applause.
persist, remain fixed, be deter-
mined, hold out, continue. Plautus, -L m., a writer of comedy,
born in the third century B.C.
persuaded, -suadere, -suasi, -suft-
sum, intr., persuade. plenus, -a, -um, adj., full.
perterreo, -terrere, -terrui, -terri- plerique, pleraeque, pleraque, adj.,
tus, tr., terrify, thoroughly fright- most, most of; as noun, plerique,
en, alarm greatly, frighten out of m., the majority, most men, most
wits, horrify, alarm, people.
(one's)
frighten, demoralize; part. as adj., Plinius, -i, m., Pliny the Elder,
perterritus, -a, -um, panic-strick- authorof the "Historia Naturalis,"
en, in a fright. who died in the eruption of Vesu-
pertineo, -tinere, -tinui, intr., tend, vius; Pliny the Younger, known
extend; with ad and acc., bear for his letters.
upon, concern. plurimus, see multus.
perturbo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. plus and plures, see multus.
alarm, disturb. Plflto, -dnis, m., god of the Lower
pervenio, -venire, -veni, -ventum, World.
intr., arrive, arrive at, reach, go,
/.,
pono, ponere, posui, positus, tr., prae, prep. with abl., because of, by
place, put, locate; lay aside; reason of; (o/ o hindering cause)
castra ponere, encamp; vestigia for.
ponere, stand. praebeo, -ere, -ui, -itus, tr., pro-
pons, pontis, m., bridge. vide, furnish, afford, expose.
pontifex, -icis, m., priest. praecedo, -cedere, -cessi, -cessus,
Pontus, -i, m., a district in Asia tr. and intr., precede, go on ahead.
Minor. praeceptor, -oris, m., teacher.
populus, -i, m., people. praecipio, -cipere, -cepi, -ceptus, tr.,
porrigo, -rigere, -rexi, -rectus, tr., give directions (orders), order, ad-
hold out, present, supply, stretch vise, enjoin (upon).
out, extend (structure). praecipito, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
porro, adv., further, furthermore. hurl, throw, send headlong; pass.,
plunge, fall headlong; se prae-
porta, -ae, /., gate, entrance, door.
cipitare, plunge.
portendd, -tendere, -tendi, -tentus,
praeclarus, -a, -um, adj., fine, note-
tr., indicate, foretell.
worthy, splendid.
porto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., carry,
bring. praeda, -ae,/., plunder, spoil, booty.
praeeo, -ire, -ii, tr. and intr., go on
portus, -us, m., harbor.
ahead; d1ctate.
poscd, poscere, poposci, tr., de-
mand, call for.
praefectus, -i, m., officer, admiral.
possum, posse, potui, intr., be able, praemitto, -mittere, -misi, -missus,
can, may, etc. tr., send forward, send (on) ahead.
post, adv., later, afterward. praemium, -i, n., reward, prize.
post, prep. with acc, behind, after; praepono, -ponere, -posui, -positus,
post se, back. tr., prefer; appoint (over), put in
postea, adv., afterward, thereafter, charge (of).
later; from now on, henceforth. praesens, -entis, adj., present, im-
poster(us), -a, -um, adj., following, mediate; instant (death); in prae-
the following; as noun, posteri, sens, for the present; praesenti
-orum, m., posterity, descend- pecunia, for cash.
ants. praesidium, -i, n., fortification,
posthac, adv., hereafter, from now fort; garrison, guard.
on. praesto, adv., at hand; praesto esse,
postquam, conj., after, when. be present, be on hand, appear.
postremd, adv., finally. praesum, -esse, -fui, intr., com-
postridie, adv., on the next day, on mand, rule.
the following day. praeter, prep. with acc., contrary to;
postuld, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., de- except.
mand, ask. praeterea, adv., furthermore.
potestas, -atis, /., power; permis- praetereo, -ire, -ii, -itus, tr., ignore,
sion.
potior, potiri, potitus sum, intr., praetervolo. -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and
take possession of, get possession intr., fly by.
of, seize, take; reach (o place). prasinus, -a, -um, adj., green.
potissimum, adv., in particular, best. pratum, -i, n., meadow.
PRECOR 279 PROPE
precor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., entreat, procul, adv., far, far away, at a dis-
pray, beg. tance, in the distance, from a
distance; haud procul, hard by;
premd, premere, pressi, pressus, tr.,
as prep. with abl., far from.
crush, burden, hold; attack.
prodeo, -ire, -ii, -itum, intr., come
pretium, -i, n., price, rent. See
out, come forth, step out, go out,
opera.
go forth.
pridie, adv., the day before; with
produco, -ducere, -duxi, -ductus,
acc., on the day before.
tr., bring out, lead out; protract,
primo, adv., at first, first, to begin prolong.
with.
proelium, -i, n., battle.
primum, adv., first, in the first in-
stance, for the first time; cum profectio, -dnis, /., departure.
primum, ut primum, as soon as; profecto, adv., surely, certainly, in-
quam primum (possum, etc), as deed.
soon as possible. profero, -ferre, -tuli, -latus, tr., pro-
primus, -a, -um, adj., first, first duce, bring out.
stage of; prima luce, at (early) proficio, -ficere, -feci, -fectum, intr.,
dawn ; prima nocte, early at night. avail.
Primus, see Antonius. proficiscor, -ficisci, -fectus sum,
princeps, -ipis, m., leader, chief, intr., set out, start, start out, go
leading citizen, leading man. out, go, journey, advance.
principium, -i, n., beginning. progredior, -gredi, -gressus sum,
prior, -us, adj., first; as noun, pl. intr., advance, proceed, go for-
neut., priora, the previous subjeet. ward, press on, set out, step out;
journey, travel, come.
priscus, -a, -um, adj., early, ancient.
pristinus, -a, -um, adj., old-time, prohibeo, -hibere, -hibui, -hibitus,
one-time, former, old. forbid, interfere, prevent, cut
on, oppose, keep (from).
prius, adv., first; prius . . . quam,
sooner . . . than, (with neg.) be- proicid, -icere, -ieci, -iectus, tr.,
fore. throw forward, hurl forward,
throw out, toss out, throw down,
priusquam, conj., before, (wiih neg.)
hurl, cast, throw; se proicere,
until. Cf. prius.
rush, plunge.
privatus, -a, -um, adj., private.
promiscue, adv., haphazard.
pro, prep. with abl., for, as; in re-
turn for, in punishment for, in promitto, -mittere, -misi, -missus,
place of, in the stead of ; to secure; tr., allow to grow long; agree,
in accordance with; in front of; promise; part. as adj., promissus,
pro certo, for certain. -a, -um, long.
probe, adv., rightly, well. pronflntio, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., re-
cite, enunciate.
probo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., approve,
prove. pronus, -a, -um, adj., face down,
face forward, prone.
proboscis, -idis, /., trunk.
procax, -acis, adj., aggravating, prope, adv., close, near, near by;
rude, saucy. comp., propius, very near, close
by, too near.
procedo, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum,
intr., advance, proceed, step out, prope, prep. with acc., near, hard by,
come forth, come, go. about, along.
PROPERO 280 QUANTUS
propero, -are, -avi, -atus, intr., pugno, -are, -avi, -atum, intr.,
hurry, hasten, be in a hurry. fight.
See obviam.
pulcher,-chra, -chrum, adj., beau-
propinquus, -a, -um, adj., adjacent, tiful- handsome; splendid, glori-
near,, nearby, near by; as noun, ous, delightful.
propinquus, -i, m., relative. pulchritudd, -inis,/., beauty.
propono, -pdnere, -posul, -positus, pullus, -i, m., chick, young bird; pl.,
tr., offer, publish, post up. sacred chickens, used in augury.
propter, prep. with acc., on account pulvis, -eris, m., dust.
of, because of.
Punicus, -a, -um, adj., Punic.
prora, -ae, /., prow.
puppis, -is, /., deck, stern.
Proserpina, -ae, /., queen of the
Lower World. puteus, -i, m., well.
puto, -Sre, -avi, -atus, tr., think,
prdspere, adv., successfully,well.
suppose, judge. See magnus.
prosperus, -a,-um, adj., successful.
Pyramus, -i, m., lover of Thisbe.
prospicio, -spicere, -spexi, -spec-
Pyrrhus, -i, m., a hing of Epirus, de-
tus, tr. and intr., look out on,
look out, keep a lookout, look. feated at Beneventum, 275 B.C.
protego, -tegere, -t§xi, -tectus, tr.,
cover, protect.
proveho, -vehere, -vexi, -vectus, tr.,
Q., abbr. of Quintus.
carry forward, pull, carry; pass.,
ride forward, advance; part. as quadraginta, indecl. num., forty.
adj., provectus, -a, -um, ad- quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quae-
vanced. situs, tr., ask, question, mquire;
provenio, -venire, -veni, -ventum, discuss, look into; look for, look
intr., come on, prosper, result. up, seek, try to locate, try to find
out, seek out, find out; find, get.
prdvincia, -ae, /., province.
See recte.
proximus, -a, -um, adj., nearby,
qualis, -e, odj., as, such as; what,
neighboring, nearest, next; pre-
what sort of r
vious, last; hic proximus, this
past; e proximo, near by. quam, adv., how, what a; with sup.
Prusias, -ae, m., a king of Bithynia. of adj. or adv., as . . . as possible;
with comp. of adj. or adv., than.
publicus, -a, -um, adj., public; res See prius.
publica, commonwealth, state ;
quamquam, conj., although.
as noun, publicum, -i, n., city
property. quamvis, conj., though; as adv.,
though, although, however.
Publius, -i, m., a boy's or man's
name. quandd, conj., when. See ne and si.
quanto, adv., how much (in what
pudet, -ere, -uit, impers., it shames;
me pudet, I am ashamed, etc.
measure); quanto plures . . .
tanto melius, the more the better.
puella, -ae, /., girl, maiden.
quantum, adv., as far much as.
puer, -eri, m., boy, lad; slave.
quantus, -a, -um, adj-., how large,
pugillares, -ium, m., tablets how great, how much, what
(small, for writing). great, what; as noun, neut. sing.,
pugna, -ae, /., battle, fighting, how much; tantus . . . quantus,
(chance to) fight. as great as.
QUARE 281 RAPIO
quare, conj., therefore, accordingly. quintus, -a, -um, num. adj., fifth.
quartus, -a, -um, num. adj., fourth. Quintus, -i, m., a boy's or man's
quasi, conj. and adv., as name.
if,
as
it
were. Quirinalis, -e, adj.; designation
of of
the Quirinal, one the hills
of
quasso, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., shake.
Rome.
quatio, quatere, — quassus, tr.,
shake, rock; clank., quis (qui), quae, quid (quod), in-
terrog. pron., who, what? See
quattuor, indecl. num., four. nescio and num.
-que, conj., and; -que . . . -que, quis (qui), quae, quid (quod), indef.
(both) . . . and. pron., any, anyone, anything,
querella, -ae, /., protest, complaint, etc; see ne and si.
lament.
quisquam, — quidquam or quic-
,
queror, queri, questus sum, tr. and quam, indef. pron., anyone, any-
intr., lament, express regret; thing. See nec.
warble.
quisque, quaeque, quidque, distrib.
qui, indef. and interrog. pron. See pron., each, every; as noun, m.
quis. sing., each man.
qui, quae, quod, rel. pron., who, quivis, quaevis, quodvis, indef.
which, what; with suppressed an- pron., any you please, of any
tecedent, he who, those who, that sort (you please).
which, etc. quo, adv.j whither, how far, where,
quia, conj., because. to which; qud propius . . . eo
quicumque, quaecumque, quodcum- plura, the nearer . . . the more.
que, indef. rel. pron., whoever, quo, conj., in order that, in order to,
whatsoever, whatever. so that.
quidam, quaedam, quoddam (quid- quod, conj., because, since, that; so
dam), indef. prpn., a certain, a, far as.
certain, some; as noun, some-
quominus, conj., from (with part. in
body, something. ■ -dng).
quidem, adv., indeed, at any rate, quondam, adv., at one time, once on
'tis true; sometimes not translated; (upon) a time.
vrith ego, for my part. See ne . . .
quidem. quoniam, conj., since.
quies, -etis, /., sleep, rest; soother. quoque, adv., also, too, even.
raptim, adv., hurriedly, hastily. redigo, -igere, -egi, -actus, tr., re-
raritas, -atis, /., scarcity, thinness. duce (to), bring (into).
raro, adv., seldom, infrequently. redimo, -imere, -emi, -emptus, tr.,
ransom.
rarus, -a, -um, adj., thin, scattered,
one by one. reduco, -diicere, -dun, -ductus, tr.,
ratio, -onis, /., plan, reasoning, ac-
bring back, recall, bring down,
count, bill, statement. lead away.
ratis, -is, /., raft. refero, -ferre, rettuli, -latus, tr.,
bring back, repay, refer; repeat,
ratus, see reor.
tell; show (gratitude); se referre,
raucus, -a, -um, adj., hoarse, rough. return.
recedd, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum, reficio, -ficere, -feci, -fectus, tr.,
intr., recede, withdraw, fade; refresh, renew, repair, restore,
with ab and abl., leave. rest; pass., rest.
recens, -entis, adj., fresh, new. refugio, -fugere, -fugi, intr., retreat,
recipio, -cipere, -cepi, -ceptus, tr., run away, take refuge, hurry for
receive, accept, admit, welcome, refuge, fly for refuge.
gather, take (to) ; withdraw; ad se Regillus, -i, m., a lake in Latium.
recipere, welcome; hospitio reci-
regina, -ae, /., queen.
pere, entertain; se recipere, re-
tire, withdraw, return, retreat, regio, -onis, /., region, district,
betake (one's) self, take refuge; country, part, part of the world;
come out, go. pl., locality, district, country.
recito, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., read regius, -a, -um, adj., royal, regal,
aloud, recite. magnificent, splendid; king's, of
recordor, -ari, -atus sum, tr., recall, the king.
remember. rego, regere, rexi, rectus, tr., guide,
recreo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., rest; sail (ship).
se recreare, recover. Regulus, -i, m., Marcus Atilius
recte, adv., rightly; comp., better; Regulus, o commander in the First
recte dicere, be right; recte quae- Punic War.
rere, be right in asking. See religio, -onis, /., religion, cult;
habeo. scruple, responsibility.
rector, -oris, m., rider, driver. relinquo, -linquere, -liqui, -lictus,
rectus, -a, -um, adj., straight; /. tr., leave, leave behind, abandon,
abl. as adv., recta, directly, desert, neglect.
straightway, in a straight line.
reliquiae, -arum, /., residue, rem-
recumbo, -cumbere, -cubui, intr., nants, left-overs.
recline, lie down, go to bed.
reliquus, -a, -um, adj., left, the rest
recuso, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., refuse, of, the other, the following, other;
object to. as noun, pl., the others, the rest.
reda, -ae, /., carriage, coach.
reluceo, -lucere, -luxi, intr., cast
reddd, -dere, -didi, -ditus, tr., glare, reflect.
bring back, send back, restore,
vouchsafe;se reddere (withdat.), reminiscor, reminisci, tr., recall,
rejoin. remember, think of, think up.
redeo, -ire, -ii, -itum, intr., go back, remitto, -mittere, -misi, -missus,
return, withdraw, turn back, tr., send back, remand; check;
come back. forget (cares).
REMOVEO 283 RUBICO
rudens, -entis, m., rope. salvus, -a, -um, adj., safe, sound,
ruina, -ae,/., fall, collapse, ruin; pl., well, recovered.
ruins, wreck, wreckage. Samius, -a, -um, adj., of Samian
rumor, -oris, m., rumor. ware (i.e., earthenware).
rumpo, rumpere, rupi, ruptus, tr., Samnites, -ium, m., the Samnites, o
break. people of central Italy.
ruo, ruere, rui, ruiturus, intr., rush Samson, -dnis, m., Samson.
on, charge. sanctus, -a, -um, adj., holy, sacred.
riirsus, adv., again. sane, adv., to be sure, of course.
rus, ruris, n., country (os contrasted sanguis, -inis, m., blood.
with city); pl., country districts, sand, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., make
farm. well, cure.
rusticus, -a, -um, adj., country, sapio, -ere, -ivi, intr., be wise.
from the country; as noun, rusti-
sapor, -dris, m., flavor.
cus, -i, m., countryman, bump-
kin; pl., country people. satis, adv. and indecl. noun, n., suffi-
ciently, satisfactorily, quite, well,
rutilus, -a, -um, adj., reddish.
fully, rather; enough; a suffi-
ciency; satis dignus, adequate.
See habeo.
saccus, -i, m., bag. Saturninus, see Aponius.
sacer, -cra, -crum, adj. sacred, saxum, -i, n., rock; pl., stone. See
holy; accursed; as noun, sacra, obruS.
-orum, n., sacred emblems. scaena, -ae, /., stage.
sacerdos, -otis, m., priest. scalae, -arum, /., stairs.
sacerddtium, -i, n., priesthood. scelestus, -a, -um, adj., rascally,
saepe, adv., often. wicked; as noun, scelestus, -i, m.,
saevio, -ire, -ii, -itum, intr., rage, rascal; scelesta, -ae, /., wicked
woman.
be savage, be unruly.
scelus, -eris, n., crime.
saevus, -a, -um, ddj., savage, cruel,
unfeeling. scilicet, adv., of course, indeed.
sagum, -i, n., cloak. scio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, tr., know, be
-onis, m., Solomon. assured.
Salomon,
-a, -um, adj., brackish scipio, -onis, m., staff, stick.
salsus,
(water); witty. Scipio, -onis, m., Publius Cornelius
saltem, adv., at least, at any rate.
Scipio, wounded at the Ticinus,
218 B.C.
salto, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., dance,
jump. scopulus, -i, m., cliff.
saltus, -us, m., jumping, leap; scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptus,
tr., write, trace.
(mountain) pass.
scriptor, -oris, m., writer, author.
salus, -utis, /., safety, escape, life;
greeting. secedd, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum,
intr., withdraw.
saluto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., greet,
hail. secretum, -i, n., retirement.
salveo, -ere, intr., be well; salve, secundum, prep. with acc., along.
salvete, greeting, good day! mul- secundus, -a, -um, adj., second; fa-
tum salve, hearty greeting. vorable.
SECURUS 285 SIMUL
securus, -a, -um, adj., careless, at sero, adv., late, too late.
ease, oblivious. serpens, -entis, /., snake.
sed, conj., but. servitus, -utis, /., slavery.
sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessum, intr., Servius, see Galba.
sit, squat. servo, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., keep,
sedes, -is, /., (sing. or pl.) abode; save, guard, watch.
sedes belli, base of operations. servus, -i, m., slave.
seditio, -onis, /., mutiny, rebellion.
sestertia, -orum, n., thousands of
seges, -etis, /., crop of grain, grain. sesterces.
Seianus, -i, m., Lucius Aelius Se- sex, indecl. num., six.
janus, an officer of Tiberius. Sextus, -i, m., a boy's or man's
sella, -ae, /., seat, sedan-chair. name.
semel, adv., once; semel atque (et) though; si forte, per-
if,
si, conj.,
if
iterum, time and again, again in the hope that;
si
chance,
and again, once and again, sev- quandd, at any time; si quis,
if if
eral times. si quid, anyone, anything;
if
seminudus, -a, -um, adj., half- si qui, st qua, si quod, any.
if
naked. See volo (velle).
semper, adv., always, (for)ever, all Sibylla, -ae,/., the Sibyl.
the time. sic, adv., thus, so, in this way.
Sempronius, -I, m., Tiberius Sem- Sicilia, -ae,/., Sicily.
pronius Longus, defeated at the Siciliensis, -e, adj., of Sicily.
Trebia by Hannibal in 218 B.C.
sicubi, conj., anywhere.
if
sermo, -dnis, m., talk, conversation, simul, adv ., at the same time, simul-
converse, topic. taneously, together, at once.
SIMULAC 286 STATIM
sollicito, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., dis- spes, -ei, /., hope, expectation.
turb, agitate. spina, -ae, /., thorn.
sollicitus, -a, -um, adj., anxious. spiritus, -us, m., breath, blast.
solum, adv., alone, only. splendide, adv., nobly, splendidly,
sdlus, -a, -um, adj., alone, by one- gloriously, with large promises.
self, unsupported, only. splendidus, -a, -um, adj., shining,
solvo, solvere, solvi, solutus, tr., ornate, iine, magnificent, hand-
open, loosen, relax, unmoor, some, impressive.
throw off, cast off; pay; pass., sponte (abl. only),f.; sua sponte, of
come apart; part. as adj., solu- (his) own accord, etc.
tus, -a, -um, free; naves solvere,
stabilis, -e, adj., steady, anchored.
set sail, set out.
stabulum, -i, n., stable.
somnid, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., dream.
stadium, -i, n., running course.
somnium, -i, n., dream.
somnus, -i, m., sleep; slumber, Stasimus, -i, m., the name of a slave.
slcepiness; in somnis, m a dream. statim, adv., at once, immediately.
STATIO 287 SUPERO
statio, -onis, /., picket post; in sta- subitus, -a, -um, adj., sudden, un-
tione, on guard. expected.
statua, -ae, /., statue. sublatus, see tollo.
stella, -ae, /., star. sublevd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., light-
stemd, sternere, stravi, stratus, en, relieve.
tr., spread; part. as adj., stratus, submergo, -mergere, -mersi, -mer-
-a, -um, paved. sus, tr., sink, drown.
stilus, -i, m., pen. subsellium, -i, n., bench, seat. .
stipendium, -i, n., pay; campaign. subsequor, -sequi, -secutus sum,
See faciii. tr. and intr., follow, follow after,
sto, stare, steti, staturus, intr., come up.
stand. subsidium, -i, n., help, support, aid.
stratus, see sterno. See venio.
Tarentum -i, n., a city of southern testimonium, -i, n., testimony, evi-
Italy. dence.
Tartara, -orum, n., the Lower testudd, -inis, /., tortoise.
World. tetigi, see tango.
taurus, -i, m., bull. Thapsus, -i, /., a city of northern
tectum, -i, n., building, dwelling; Africa.
pl., house. theatrum, -i, n., theater.
tego, tegere, texi, tectus, tr., cover, Thermopylae, -arum, /., o pass in
conceal. Greece.
telum, -I, n., weapon. Theseus (dissyl.), -ei, m., slayer of
temere, ado., rashly, hastily, at ran- the Minotaur.
dom. Thisbe, -es, /., o maiden of Babylon.
tempero, -are, -avi, -atus, tr. and Tiberis, -is, m., the Tiber.
intr., control; refrain. Tiberius, -i, m., emperor 14-37
tempestas, -atis, /., storm, weather. A.D.
templum, -i, n., temple; aisle. Ticinum, -i, n., a toum of northern
tempto, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., try. Italy.
tempus, -oris, n., time; pl., days. Ticinus, -i, m., a stream of northern
tendo, tendere, tetendi, tentus, tr. Italy, tributary to the Po.
andintr., stretch, spread; travel, timeo, -ere, -ui, tr. and intr., fear,
journey, be headed (for), make be afraid, be alarmed.
for; iter tendere, journey. Timochares, -is, m., a courtier of
tenebrae, -arum, /., shadows, dark- Pyrrhus.
ness, gloom. timor, -oris, m., fear, alarm.
teneo, -ere, -ui, tr., hold, keep, hold titulus, -i, m., placard, notice; glory.
back, keep back. Titus, -i, m., a boy's or man's name;
tener, -era, -erum, adj., frail, soft, the emperor Titus, who reigned
graceful. 79-81 A.D.
tenuis, -e, adj., thin, poor, shght, Tmolus, -i, m., a mountain of Lydia.
not worth mentioning. tolld, tollere, sustuli, sublatus, tr.,
ter, num. adv., three times. raise up, lift up, catch up, take
tergum, -i, n., back; a tergo, in the up, pick up, set up, send up,
rear, from behind, behind. See raise, lift; remove, carry off, put
verto. out of the way, get rid of .
tero, terere, trivi, tritus, tr., pass, Torquatus, -i, m., a friend of Cor-
while away (time). nelius.
terra, -ae, /., land, ground, dirt, torreo, torrere, torrui, tostus, tr.,
earth; pl., world, earth. See roast, scorch.
motus, orbis, and tremor. tot, indecl. adj., so many.
terreo, -ere, -ui, -itus, tr., terrify, totidem, indecl. adj., so many, just
terrorize, alarm, frighten. so many, the same number of.
Transalpinus, -a, -um, adj., across tum, adv., then, at the time, at that
the Alps, Transalpine. time.
transeo, -ire, -ii, -itus, tr. and intr., tumultus, -us, m., din, disturbance,
cross, cross over, go across, pass; confusion.
(oftime), pass, go by. turba, -ae, /., confusion, trouble;
transfigo, -figere, -fixi, -fixus, tr., throng.
pierce, run through. turbidus, -a, -um, adj., boisterous,
transigd, -igere, -egi, -actus, tr., upset, roiled.
handle; pass (time). turbd, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., upheave;
transilio, -silire, -silui, tr., leap over, spoil.
vault over. turpis, -e, adj., disgraceful.
transveho, -vehere, -vexi, -vectus, turris, -is, /., tower.
tr., convey across, carry acrose, tuto, adv., safely, in safety.
transport, send over; pass., sail tutus, -a, -um, adj., safe.
across, cross, cross over.
tuus, -a, -um, poss. adj., your.
transverbero, -are, -avi, -atus, tr.,
transfix, pierce. tyrannus, -i, m., tyrant.
Trasumenus, -i, m., Trasimenus, a Tyrus, -i, /., Tyre, a city of the Phoe-
lake of Etruria where Hannibal nicians.
won a great victory in 217 B.C.
U
Trebia, -ae, m., o river of northern
Italy, tributary to the Po. uber, -eris, n., udder.
tremor, -oris, m., shock, chill; ter- ubi, adv., where; as conj., when.
rae tremor, quake, earthquake. ubique, adv., everywhere, anywhere;
trepidans, -antis, part., trembling, in all (contests).
frightened. ulciscor, ulcisci, ultus sum, tr.,
trepidatio, -dnis, /., confusion, avenge, punish.
alarm. ullus, -a, -um, adj., any. See nec.
ULTERIOR 291 vis
ulterior, -ius, adj., farther; sup., (temporal) when (see primum);
ultimus, -a, -um, last, final. (interrog.) how; (rel.) (be-
ultra, adv., further; as prep. with ing), like; (stipulative) on condi-
acc., beyond, over. tion that.
ultro, adv., actually, voluntarily; uterque, utraque, utrumque, pro-
ultro citroque, back and forth. nom. adj., each (of two).
ululatus, -us, m., shriek. utinam, adv., would that! oh that!
umbra, -ae, /., shade, shadow, I wish, etc.
ghost; pl., shades (of the dead). utor, uti, usus sum, intr., use,
umerus, -i, m., shoulder. wear, make use of, take, have;
speak (a language); gerundive,
umquam, adv., ever. «See nec, utendus, -a, -um, as a loan.
negd, and neve.
utrum, conj., whether; utrum . . .
una, adv., in company, together; an, whether . . . or; utrum . . .
una cum, in the company of, to-
necne, whether . . . or not.
gether with.
uxor, -oris, /., wife.
uncus, -i, m., hook.
unda, -ae, /., wave; pl., water.
unde, adv., whence, from which, vacuus, -a, -um, adj., bare, empty,
from what, out from which; stripped.
where; from there.
vadum, -i, n., shoal, shoal water;
undecimus, -a, -um, num. adj., pl., ford.
eleventh.
vae, interj., woe, alas!
undique, adv., on all sides, on every vafer, -fra, -frum, adj., mischiev-
hand, on every side, everywhere.
ous, sly, tricky; as noun, vafer,
unice, adv., best of all, above all -fri, m., rascal.
else.
vagor, -ari, -atus sum, intr., rove,
universus, -a, -um, adj., general; range, roam, wander, stray, wan-
in a body. der around, range about, run
unus, -a, -um, num. adj., a single, about, walk about, stroll.
one; ad unum, to a man. vagus, -a, -um, adj., stray, travel-
urbanus, -a, -um, adj., of the city, ing.
city. vah, interj., ugh, oh, dear me, ooh!
urbs, urbis, /., city. valeo, -ere, -ui, -iturus, intr., be
urna, -ae, /., urn, pitcher. well, keep well, be strong; im-
ursa, -ae,/., she-bear, and ursus, -i, per., vale, valete, good-by, fare-
m., bear. well; valeant, good-by to; tantum
gratia valere, be so influential.
TJsipi, -orum, m., a people of weslern
Germany. validus, -a, -um, adj., strong, power-
ful, violent.
usquam, adv., anywhere. See nec.
vanus, -a, -um, adj., silly, foolish.
usque, adv., ever; even (to), as far varius, -a, -um, adj., varied, various,
as; with ad, up to, as far as; us-
different.
que eo, to such a point.
Varro, -onis, m., Gaius Terentius
usus, -us, m., usefulness, possibili- Varro, o commander at the Battle
ties; usui esse, be useful.
of Cannae, 216 B.C.
ut, conj., (purpose) that, in order vas, vasis (pl., vasa, -orum), n.,
that, so that, to; (result) that; jar, vessel, dish.
VASTUS 292 VESUVIVS
of
vates, -is, m., prophet, seer. northern Italy, where the Cimbri
vector, -oris, m., passenger, traveler. were defeated by Marius and
Catulus, 101 B.C.
vehementer, adv. , vigorously , strong-
vere, adv., truly, really.
ly, energetically, exceedingly, ear-
nestly, much, greatly, deeply, vereor, -eri, -itus sum, tr. and intr.,
roundly, bitterly, violently, fierce- fear, be afraid; respect, reverence,
ly- love; fancy, believe; perf. part.
as pres., veritus, -a, -um, fearing.
vehiculum, -i, n., vehicle, carriage.
Vergilius, -i, m., the poet Vergil.
veho, vehere, vexi, vectus, tr.,
draw, carry, transport, bring; vero, adv., however, on the other
pass., travel, sail, ride, proceed, hand, but; indeed, in fact, truly,
journey. in truth; moreover; yes. See
immo and ita.
Veiens, -entis, adj., Veientian, i.e.,
pertaining to Veii; pl., Veientes, verso, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., turn,
-ium, m., the people of Veii, the ply.
Veientians. versor, -ari, -atus sum, intr., be
Veientanus, -a, -um, adj., at Veii. (in, on); stand.
Veii, -orum, m., a town of Etruria. versus, prep. with acc., toward; ad
. . versus, in the direction of .
vel, adv. and conj., even; vel . . .
.
example, as as were.
it
veteranus, -a, -um, adj., veteran; viso, visere, visi, visus, tr., visit, see.
as noun, veteranus, -i, m., veteran vita, -ae,/., life.
soldier, veteran.
Vitellianus, -a, -um, adj., of Vi-
veto, -are, -ui, -itus, tr., forbid, say tellius; pl, Vitelliani, -orum, m.,
"no." the Vitellians.
vetus, -eris, adj., old. Vitellius, -i, m., emperor in 69 A.D.
via, -ae, /., route, way, road, street; vitulus, -i, m., calf.
journey. See dux.
vivo, vivere, vixi, victum, intr., live.
viator, -oris, m., traveler.
vivus, -a, -um, adj., alive, live, liv-
vicinus, -a, -um, adj., adjacent, not ing.
far away, nearby; as noun, vici-
vix, adv., hardly, scarcely, scarce,
nus, -i, m., neighbor.
with difficulty.
victor, -oris, m., victor; as adj.,
vociferor, -ari, -atus sum, intr.,
victorious.
shout aloud, scream, yell.
victoria, -ae, /., victory.
voco, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., call, call
vicus, -i, m., hamlet; (city) block. for, name.
video, videre, vidi, visus, tr., see, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., flit
volito,
look, look at, investigate. (about).
videor, -eri, visus sum, intr., seem, volo, -are, -avi, -aturus, intr., fly.
appear; impers., videtur, it seems,
vold, velle, volui, tr., wish, want,
it seems best.
will, mean, like, desire, choose,
vigilia, -ae, /., loss of sleep; pl., care; be prepared, be willing, be
wakefulness; guards. kind enough, be pleased, please,
vigilo, -are, -avi, -atum, intr., be anxious; quid tibi vis? what do
watch, keep watch, keep awake, you mean? sis, si vis, please, will
lie awake, be awake. you; part. as adj., volens, -entis,
viginti, indecl. num., twenty. willing.
vHis, -e, adj., cheap, worthless. voluptas, -atis, /., pleasure.
villa, -ae, /., villa, farmhouse, coun- Volusenus, -i, m., an officer of
try house, country estate, estate, Caesar.
farm. voro, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., devour,
vincio, vincire, vinxi, vinctus, tr., consume, eat, eat up, swallow.
bind. -i, n., prayer.
votum,
vinco, vincere, vici, victus, tr. and vox, vocis, /., voice, speech, utter-
intr., defeat, overcome, crush, ance, words, tone; pl., words
beat; win. spoken, cries.
vinculum -i, n., chain, cable, rope. vulnero, -are, -avi, -atus, tr., wound.
vir, viri, m., man, husband. vulnus, -eris, n., wound.
virga, -ae, /., rod. vultus, -us, m., countenance, ex-
pression, looks.
virgo, -inis,/., maid, maiden, girl.
virtus, -utis, /., courage, valor,
manliness.
vis, .— , dat., vi, /., force, power, Zama, -ae, /., o town of northern
dash, intensity, violence, violent Africa, where Hannibal was de-
action, might, efficacy; amount, feated in 202 B.C.
quantity, weight; pl., strength. zona, -ae, /., girdle, belt.
BRIEF SUBJECT INDEX
EDUC.