Structure Analysis I

Internal Loading
Developed in Structural
Members
 Internal loading at a specified Point
In General
•  The loading for coplanar structure will
consist of a normal force N, shear force V,
and bending moment M.
•  These loading actually represent the resultants
of the stress distribution acting over the member’s
cross-sectional are
Sign Convention
+ve Sign
 Procedure for analysis
•  Support Reaction
•  Free-Body Diagram
•  Equation of Equilibrium
 Example 1
Determine the internal shear and moment acting in the
cantilever beam shown in figure at sections passing through
points C & D
∑F y =0 ⇒ VC − 5 − 5 − 5 = 0
VC = 15kN
∑M C = 0 ⇒ − M c − 5(1) − 5(2) − 5(3) − 20 = 0
M c = −50 kN .m
∑F y =0 ⇒ VD − 5 − 5 − 5 − 5 = 0
VC = 20 kN
∑M C = 0 ⇒ − M D − 5(1) − 5(2) − 5(3) − 20 = 0
M D = −50 kN .m
 Example 2
Determine the internal shear and moment acting in section 1 in the
beam as shown in figure
18kN

RA = RB = 9kN

6kN

∑F y =0 ⇒ −V + 9 − 6 = 0
V = 3kN
∑M at section = 0 ⇒M + 6(1) − 9(2) = 0
M D = 12 kN .m
 Example 3
Determine the internal shear and moment acting in the
cantilever beam shown in figure at sections passing through
points C
∑F y =0 ⇒ −VC + 9 − 3 = 0
V = 6k
∑M c = 0 ⇒M c + 3(2) − 9(6) = 0
M D = 48k . ft
 Shear and Moment function
Procedure for Analysis:
1- Support reaction
2- Shear & Moment Function
§  Specify separate coordinate x and associated origins, extending
into regions of the beam between concentrated forces and/or
couple moments or where there is a discontinuity of distributed
loading.
§  Section the beam at x distance and from the free body diagram
determine V from , M at section x
 Example 4
Determine the internal shear and moment Function
 Example 5
Determine the internal shear and moment Function
 2
w
w
x = 302 = 151 x
30

2
x
∑ Fy = 0 ⇒ −V + 30 − 12 15 = 0
V = 30 − 0.033x 2
⎡ 1 x 2 ⎤ x
∑ M S = 0 ⇒ M − 30( x) + ⎢ 2 15 ⎥ 3 + 600 = 0
⎣ ⎦
M = −600 + 30 x − 0.011x 3
 Example 6
Determine the internal shear and moment Function
0 < x1 < 12
∑F y =0 ⇒ −V + 108 − 4 x1 = 0
V = 108 − 4 x1
∑ M S = 0 ⇒M + 1588 − 108x1 + 4 x1 ( )= 0
x1
2
2
M = −1588 + 108x1 − 2 x1
12 < x2 < 20
∑F y =0 ⇒ −V + 108 − 48 = 0
V = 60
∑M S = 0 ⇒M + 1588 − 108x2 + 48(x2 − 6) = 0
M = 60 x2 − 1300
 Example 7
Determine the internal shear and moment Function
 20
w
w
x = 209 x
9

⎡ x ⎤
∑ Fy = 0 ⇒ −V + 75 − 10 x − ⎢ 12 (20) x ⎥ = 0
⎣ 9 ⎦
V = 75 − 10 x − 1.11x 2
⎡ 1 x ⎤ x
∑ M S = 0 ⇒M − 75 x − 10 x( ) − ⎢⎣ 2 (20) 9 x⎥⎦ 3 = 0
x
2

M = 75 x + 5 x 2 − 0.370 x 3
Shear and Moment diagram for a Beam
∑F y =0 ⇒ V + w( x)Δx − (V + ΔV ) = 0
ΔV = w( x)Δx
∑M O = 0 ⇒ − VΔx − M − w( x)Δx(εΔx ) + ( M + ΔM ) = 0
2
ΔM = VΔx + w( x)ε (Δx )

for Δx → 0
dV
= w( x) ⇒ ΔV = ∫ w( x) dx
dx

dM
=V ⇒ ΔM = ∫ V ( x) dx
dx