ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI – 600 025.

CURRICULUM
M.E. OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
Full Time - (4 semesters)

Code No. Course Title L T P M

I SEMESTER
Theory
MA151 Applied Mathematics for Electronics Engineers 3 1 0 100
E1*** Elective I 3 0 0 100
OC134 Fiber Optic Sensors 3 0 0 100
OC131 Optical Fiber Communication 3 0 0 100
OC133 Optical Fiber Technology and Applications 3 0 0 100
OC132 Optical Waveguide Theory 3 0 0 100

Practical
OC135 Fiber Optics Laboratory 0 0 4 100

II SEMESTER
Theory
E2*** Elective II 3 0 0 100
E3*** Elective III 3 0 0 100
OC142 Integrated Optics 3 0 0 100
OC036 Optical Computing 3 0 0 100
OC143 Optical Networks 3 0 0 100
OC141 Optical Signal Processing 3 0 0 100

Practical
OC144 Mini Project 0 0 3 100
III SEMESTER
Theory
E4*** Elective IV 3 0 0 100
E5*** Elective V 3 0 0 100
E6*** Elective VI 3 0 0 100

Practical
OC232 Project Work Phase I 0 0 12 200

Code No. Course Title L T P M

IV SEMESTER
Theory
OC233 Project Work Phase II 0 0 24 400
 LIST OF ELECTIVES
AX032 Design and Application of Algorithms 3 0 0 100
AX034 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 100
AX039 Internetworking Multimedia 3 0 0 100
AX131 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 100
CM032 Network Management 3 0 0 100
CM038 Electromagnetic Interference and 3 0 0 100
Compatibility in System Design
CM041 Digital Communication Receivers 3 0 0 100
CM133 High Performance Communication Networks 3 0 0 100
OC031 Non Linear Fiber Optics 3 0 0 100
OC032 Quantum Electronics 3 0 0 100
OC033 High Speed Photonics and Optoelectronics 3 0 0 100
OC034 Photonics Switching 3 0 0 100
OC035 Laser Satellite Communication 3 0 0 100
OC037 Laser Holographic Techniques 3 0 0 100
OC038 Laser and its Applications 3 0 0 100
OC039 Optical Imaging Techniques 3 0 0 100
OC040 Soliton in Optical Communication 3 0 0 100
OC041 RF System Design 3 0 0 100
OC043 Special Elective 3 0 0 100

OC131 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 100

1. FIBER OPTIC GUIDES 9
Light wave generation systems, system components, optical fibres, SI, GI, fibres, modes,
Dispersion in fibres, limitations due to dispersion, Fiber loss, non linear effects. Dispersion
shifted and Dispersion flattened fibres.

2. OPTICAL TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS 9

Basic concepts, LED’s structure spectral distribution, semiconductor lasers, gain coefficients,
modes, SLM and STM operation, Transmitter design, Receiver PIN and APD diodes design,
noise sensitivity and degradation, Receiver amplifier design.

3. LIGHT WAVE SYSTEM 9

Coherent, homodyne and heterodyne keying formats, BER in synchronous – and
asynchronous – receivers, sensitivity degradation, system performance, Multichannel, WDM,
multiple access networks, WDM components, TDM, Subcarrier and Code division
multiplexing.

4. AMPLIFIERS 9
Basic concepts, Semiconductor laser amplifiers, Raman – and Brillouin – fiber amplifiers,
Erbium doped – fiber amplifiers, pumping phenomenon, LAN and cascaded in-line
amplifiers.

5. DISPERSION COMPENSATION 9
Limitations, Post- and Pre- compensation techniques, Equalizing filters, fiber based gratings,
Broad band compensation, soliton communication system, fiber soliton, Soliton based
communication system design, High capacity and WDM soliton system.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. G.P. Agarwal, Fiber optic communication systems, 2nd Ed, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1997.
2. Franz & Jain, Optical Communication Systems, Narosa Publications, New Delhi,
1995.
3. G. Keiser, Optical fiber communication systems, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000.
4. Franz & Jain, Optical communication, Systems and components, Narosa Publications,
New Delhi, 2000.

OC132 OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE THEORY 3 0 0 100

1. UNIFORM PLANE WAVES 9

Plane wave propagation, reflection, scattering and absorption. Plane wave dispersion, Ray
optics, Reflection at interfaces, Goos – Hanchen shift, Wave propagation in lossy media.

2. DIELECTRIC FILMS 9
Film modes, guided modes of the symmetrical slab waveguide, filed solutions for guided
modes, guided mode absorption, scattering, slabs and films with graded index.
3. PLANAR WAVEGUIDES 9
Film lenses and lens guides, strip guides, strip loaded film guides, Rib guides. Modes of
planar slab guides, planar guides with graded index profile, channel waveguides, periodic
waveguisdes.

4. CLADDED CORE FIBERS 9

Ray picture, field solutions, guided modes for unlimited cladding, leaky modes, guided
modes attenuation. Single and multimode fibers.

5. GRADED INDEX FIBERS 9

Ray analysis, filed solutions for modes in parabolic profile, multimode graded index fibers,
variational analysis, single mode operation, Delay difference and impulse responses.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Snyder & Love “Optical Waveguide Theory”, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1983.
2. H.G. Unger, Planar Optical Waveguides and Fibers, Oxford University press, Oxford,
1980.
3. Tamir. T, Guided Wave Optoelectronics, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1990.
4. G.Cancellieri, Single Mode Optical Fibers, Pergramon press, New York, 1991.
5. Kapany, N.S. and Burke T.T, Optical Wave guides, Academic press, New York,
1972.
6. D.Marcuse, Light transmission optics, Von Nostrand Publication, New York, 1972.
7. D.Marcuse, Theory of Dielectric Waveguides, Von Nostrand Publication, New York,
1975.
8. Guided – Wave photonics. A. Bruce Buckman Oxford University Press, 1992.

OC133 OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS 3 0 0 100

1. PROPERTIES OF FIBER 9
Physical, Mechanical and Optical properties of fiber. Material selection, properties of
materials.

2. MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 9
Fiber drawing, Mutlicomponent technology, Vapour deposition techniques: IVD, OVD and
CVD, VAD, MOCVD processes. Performance comparison.

3. FIBER PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS 9

Measurement of fiber parameters: NA, Modefield diameter, profile, attenuation, bandwith,
signal degradations in fiber, Dispersion, Birefringence and propagation constant of fiber
modes. OTDR and OFDR.

4. FIBER CABLES DESIGN 9

Design conditions: Loss mechanism, mechanical design, standard fibers, design of strength
member, sheaths, Fiber core construction, Ribbon cable, stranding cable, loose tube cable, V-
groove cables, Submarine cables – armored and unarmored cables.

5. FIBER OPTIC COUPLERS 9

Single mode and multimode couplers, Transmission and reflection type couplers, Active
couplers, B couplers, switches, modulators and signal processing elements.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Gred Keiser, “Optical Communication” 2nd McGraw-Hill, 1998.
2. John Gowar, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 1995.
3. K.C.Kao, “Optical Fiber Technology and Applications, McGraw-Hill, New York,
1989.
4. Mahlke Gunther, and Goessing Peter, Fiber optic cables: Fundamentals, Cable
Engineering, System planning, 3rd ed., John Wiley, 1997.
5. Hiroshi Murata, “Handbook of Optical Fibers and Cables” Marcel Dekker Inc., New
York, 1998.
6. Tamir.T, “Guided wave Optoelectronics” Springer Varlag, Berlin, 1992.

OC134 FIBER OPTIC SENSORS 3 0 0 100

1. FIBERS AND MODULATED SENSORS 9

Principles of glass and plastic fibers for sensing applications. Electro- optic modulation, Bulk
and integrated optic types. All fiber modulators, Interferometric Sensors, Fabry perot, Mach
Zender, Michelson and Sagnac interferometric sensors.

2. MULTIMEDIA GRATING AND POLARISATION SENSORS 9

Introduction to sensors based on relative movements of opposite gratings, sensors based on
grating period modulation, Photo elastic effects, retardation plates.

3. DISTRIBUTED AND MULTIPLEXED FIBER OPTIC SENSORS 9

Introduction, Distributed sensing, Principles of sensor multiplexing, Topology, Detection
schemes, Interferometer sensor multiplexing.

4. FIBER OTPIC MAGENTIC SENSORS 9

Introduction, Faraday effect sensors, Magneto strictive and Lorentz force sensors.

5. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS AND SMART STRUCTURES 9

Temperature, Pressure, fluid level, flow, position, vibration and rotation measurements.
Chemical analysis, Current and voltage measurement. Introduction to smart structures,
Application of fiber optic smart structures and skins, Examples.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Eric Udd, Fiber Optic Sensors, John Wiley, New York, 1991.
2. Eric Udd, Fiber Optic Smart structures, John Wiley, New York, 1995.
3. B.P.Pal, Fiber Optics in Telecommunication and Sensor, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi,
1995.
4. B.Culshaw and J.Daykin, Optic fiber Sensors Systems and Applications, Vol. I & II
Artech House, Norwood, 1989.
5. F.Allard, Fiber Optics Hand book, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1990.

OC135 FIBER OPTICS LABORATORY 0 0 4 100

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Characteristics of LED and PIN Photo diode

2. Characteristics of Laser diode
3. Characteristics of avalanche Photo diode
4. Measurements of Fiber parameters: Numerical aperture, Attenuation.
5. System bandwidth determination by analog modulation
6. BER measurements in fiber optic digital link
7. Time division multiplexing
8. Study of He-Ne Laser and Optical components.

TOTAL : 60

OC141 OPTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

1. BASIC SIGNAL PARAMETERS 9

Characterisation, Sample function, geometrical optics, basic laws, refraction by prisms, lens
formula, imaging condition, optical invariants, physical optics, Transforms: Fresnel, Fourier,
Inverse Fourier and Extended Fourier.

2. SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 9
Spatial light modulation, spatial light modulators, detection process, system performance
process, dynamic range, raster format, spectral analysis.

3. SPATIAL FILTERING AND FILTERING SYSTEM 9

Types of spatial filters, optical signal processing and filter generation, read out module,
orientation and sequential search, applications of optical spatial filter.

4. ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICES AND POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS 9

Acousto-optic cells, spatial light modulators, Raman – Nath and Bragg mode, basic spectrum
analyzer, aperture weighting, dynamic range and SNR, photo detector, geometric
considerations, radiometer.

5. HOMODYNE AND HETERODYNE SPECTRUM ANALYSERS 9

Overlapping of waves, photo detector size, optimum photo detector size for 1D and 2D
structure, Optical radio, spatial and temporal frequencies. Distributed and local oscillator.
Dynamic range comparison of heterodyne and power spectrum analysers.
 TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Vanderlught, Optical Signal Processing, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992.
2. P.K. Das, Optical Signal Processing Fundamentals, Narosa Publishing New Delhi,
1991.
3. Signal Processing wing optics Bradley G. Boone, Oxford University Press, 1998.

OC142 INTEGRATED OPTICS 3 0 0 100

1. OPTICAL WAVE GUIDES 9

Coupled mode theory in guided wave systems, Theory of gratings in wave guide structure-
Guided wave control – Fabrication of optical waveguides in glass, lithium niobate substrate.

2. WAVEGUIDE COUPLERS 9
Coupling of beams to planar guides-prism, grating couplers. Theory of beam couplers and
design. Waveguide couplers and mode converters, Filters.

3. OPTICAL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 9

Microfabrication techniques in optical integrated circuits – Guide evaluation and
measurement. Pattern fabrication. Passive waveguide devices-Functional devices.

4. SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED OPTIC DEVICES 9

Integrated semiconductors laser:- Gas heterostructure lasers, DFB lasers, modulators,
Epitaxial detectors and electro absorption detectors, active switches, Optolectronic integrated
circuits. Development trends.

5. APPLICATIONS OF OPTICAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 9

Optical switches, A/D converters, RF spectrum analysers, convolvers and correlators.
Integrated optic sensors. Optical inter connectors.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Hiroshi Nishihara, Masamitsu Haruna, Toshiaki Suhara, Optical Integrated Circuits,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992.
2. B.Saleh, Fundamental of Photonics, John Wiley, New York, 1991.
3. Tamir.T. (ed) Integrated optics, Vol. 7, Topics in applied Physics, Springer Verlag,
New York, 1975.
4. Tamir.T. (ed) Guided wave Optoelectronics, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1990.
5. Buckman. AB, Guided Wave Photonics, Saunders College publishing, New York,
1992.
6. Photonic Switching, Technology & Sensors, Vol. 13, OSA publishing, 1987.

OC143 OPTICAL NETWORKING 3 0 0 100

1. NETWORKS 9
Introduction : first and second generation optical networks : system network evaluation.
2. TECHNOLOGY 9
Propagation of light energy in optical fibers dispersion and non linear effects; components –
couplers, isolators, circulators, multiplexers, filters and optical amplifiers; switches and
wavelength converters.

3. FIRST GENERATION OPTICAL NETWORKS 9

SONET / SDH, MAN layered architecture, broadcast and select networks MAC protocols,
test beds, wavelength routing networks.

4. CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT 9

Configuration, performance and fault management, optical safety, service interface; testbeds;
access networks – HFC, FTTC, architecture.

5. PHOTONIC PACKET SWITCHING 9

OTDM, MUX & DEMUX synchronization; broadcast OTDM networks, switch – ban
networks: OTDM testbeds.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Rajiv Ramaswamy, Optical Networks, Harcourt Asia Private Limited, Singapore,
1998.
2. D.W.Smith, Ed., Optical Network Technology, Chapman and Hall, London, 1995.

AX032 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Polynomial and Exponential algorithms, big “oh” and small “oh” notation, exact algorithms
and heuristics, direct / indirect / deterministic algorithms, static and dynamic complexity
stepwise refinement.

2. DESIGN TECHNIQUES 9
Subgoals method, working backwards, work tracking, branch and bound algorithms for
traveling salesman problem and knapsack problem, hill climbing techniques, divide and
conquer method, dynamic programming, greedy methods.

3. SEARCHING AND SORTING 9

Sequential search, binary search, block search, Fibbonacci search, bubble sort, bucket sorting,
quick sort, heap sort, head sort, average case and worst case behavior, FET.

4. GRAPH ALGORITHMS 9
Minimum spuning, tree, shortest path algorithms, R-connected graphs, Even’s and
Kleitman’s algorithms, max-flow min cut theorem, Steiglitz’s link deficit algorithm.
5. SELECTED TOPICS 9
NP Completeness Approximation Algorithms, NP Hard Problems, Strasseu’s Matrix
Multiplication Algorithms, Magic Squares, Introduction to Parallel Algorithms and Genetic
Algorithms, Monti-Carlo Methods, Amortised Analysis.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Sara Baase, “Computer Algorithms: Introduction to Design and Analysis”, Addison
Wesley, 1988.
2. T.H. Corman, C.E. Leiserson and R.L.Rioest, “Introduction to Algorithms”, McGraw-
Hill, 1994.
3. E.Horowitz and S. Sahni, “Fundamental of Computer Algorithms”, Galgotia
Publications, 1988.
4. D.E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms : Search Optimization and Machine Learning”,
Addison Wesley, 1989.

AX034 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

1. CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE IMAGES AND SYSTEMS 9

Light, Luminance, Brightness and Contrast, Eye, The Monochrome Vision Model, Image
Processing Problems And Applications, Vision Camera, Digital Processing System, 2-D
Sampling Theory, Aliasing, Image Quantization, Lloyd Max Quantizer, Dither, Color
Images, Linear Systems And Shift Invariance, Fourier Transform, Z-Transform, Matrix
Theory Results, Block Matrices and Kronecker Products.

2. IMAGE TRANSFORMS 9
2-D orthogonal and Unitary transforms, 1-D and 2-D-DFT, Cosine, Sine, Walsh, Hadamard,
Haar, Slant, Karhunen-loeve, Singular value Decomposition transforms.

3. IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 9
Point operations – contrast stretching, clipping and thresholding density slicing, Histogram
equalization, modification and specification, spatial operations – spatial averaging, low pass,
high pass, band pass filtering, direction smoothing, medium filtering, generalized cepstrum
and homomorphic filtering, edge enhancement using 2-D IIR and FIR filters, color image
enhancement.

4. IMAGE RESTORATION 9
Image observation models, sources of degradation, inverse and Wiener filtering geometric
mean filter, non linear filters, smoothing splines and interpolation, constrained least squares
restoration.

5. IMAGE DATA COMPRESSION AND IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FROM

PROJECTIONS 9
Image data rates, pixel coding, predictive techniques transform coding and vector DPCM,
Block truncation coding, wavelet transform coding of images, color image coding, Random
transform, back projection operator, inverse random transform, back projection algorithm, fan
beam and algebraic restoration techniques.

TOTAL : 45
REFERENCES
1. Anil K.Jain, “Fundamental of Digital Image Processing”, PHI, 1995.
2. M.A. Sid Ahmed ‘Image Processing”, McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1995.
3. R. Gonzalaz and P.Wintz, “Digital Image Processing”, Addison Wesley 2 nd Edition,
1987.
4. William. K.Pratt, “Digital Image Processing”, Wiley Interscience, 2nd Ed., 1991.

AX039 INTERNETWORKING MULTIMEDIA 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Digital sound, video and graphics, basic multimedia networking, multimedia characteristics,
evolution of Internet services model, network requirements for audio / video transport,
multimedia coding and compression for text, audio and video.

2. SUBNETWORK TECHNOLOGY 9
Broadband services, ATM and IP, IPV6, High speed switching, resource reservation, Buffer
management, traffic shaping, caching, scheduling and policing, throughput, delay and jitter
performance.

3. MULTICAST AND TRANSPORT PROTOCOL 9

Multicast over shared media network, multicast routing and addressing, scaping multicast and
NBMA networks, Reliable transport protocols, TCP adaptation algorithm, RTP, RTCP.

4. MEDIA-ON-DEMAND 9
Storage and media serves, voice and video over IP, MPEG-2 over ATM/IP, indexing
synchronization of requests, recording and remote control.

5. APPLICATIONS 9
MIME, Peer-to-peer computing, shared application, video conferencing, centralized an
distributed conference control, distributed virtual reality, light weight session philosophy.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Jon Crowcroft, Mark Handley, Ian Wakeman, Internetworking Multimedia, Harcourt
Asia Pvt., Ltd., Singapore, 1998.
2. B.O. Szuprowicz, Multimedia Networking, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995.
3. Tay Vaughan, Multimedia making it to work, 4ed, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
2000.
AX131 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

1. DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Discrete random processes, Expectation, Variance, co-variance, Scalar product, energy of
discrete signals – Parseval’s theorem, Weiner Khitchine relation, Power spectral density –
Periodogram, Sample auto – correlation, sum decomposition theorem, Spectral factorization
theorem, Discrete random signal processing by linear systems, Simulation of white noise,
Lowpass filtering of white noise.

2. SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9
Non-parametric methods, Correlation method, Co-variance estimator, Performance analysis
of estimators, Unbiased consistant estimator, Periodogram estimator, Barlett spectrum
estimation, Welch estimation, Model based approach, AR, MA, ARMA Signal modelling –
Parameter estimation using Yule-Walker method.

3. LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION 9

Maximum likelihood criterion, Efficiency of estimator, Least mean squared error criterion –
Wiener filter – Discrete Wiener H & F equation, Recursive estimators, Kalman filter, Linear
prediction, Prediction error, Whitening filter, Inverse filter – Levinson recursion, Lattice
realization recursion algorithm for solving Toeplitz system of equations.

4. ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9
FIR Adaptive Filters, Newton’s steepest descent method, Adaptive Filters based on steepest
descent method, Widrow Hoff LMS Adaptive algorithm, Adaptive channel equalization
Adaptive noise cancellation, RLS Adaptive Filters – Exponentially weighted RLS – Sliding
window RLS – Simplified IIR LMS Adaptive Filters.

5. MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Mathematical description of change of sampling rate – Interpolation and Decimation –
Continuous time model – Direct digital domain approach – Decimation by integer factor –
single and multistage realization – Poly phase realization – Applications to sub band coding –
Wavelet transform and filter bank implementation of wavelet expansion of signals.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Monson H.Hayer, ‘Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling”, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc, New York, 1996.
2. Sophoncles J.Orfanidis, “Optimum Signal Processing”, McGraw-Hill, New York,
1990.

OC031 NON LINEAR FIBER OPTICS 3 0 0 100

1. NON LINEAR OPTICAL MATERIALS FOR FIBER OPTICS 9

Non linearity in optical materials under different conditions, Nonlinear optical materials,
Conservation laws in nonlinear optics.
2. BEHAVIOUR AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NONLINEAR MATERIAL 9
Optical power, wave length dependent nonlinearity, First, Second and Third order effects,
Refractive index dependence on optical power.

3. OPTICAL PHENOMENA IN OPTICAL MATERIALS 9

Chirping, Pulse compression, Solitons, Photon mixing, Brillonion, Stokes, Faraday and Kerr
effects. Optical phase conjugation.

4. SCATTERING 9
Raman, Brillonin scattering, Four photon mixing, Parametric process, Stokes line generation.

5. APPLICATIONS 9
Fiber amplifiers, EDFA, Fiber lasers, Soliton generation in optical fibers, Polarisation and
Ellipsometry measurements using Poincare sphere and Jones matrices.

TOTAL : 45
REFERENCES
1. Govind P.Agarwal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, AT&T – Academic Press, 1989.
2. Prits Zernike, John E.Midwinter, Applied Nonlinear Optics, John Wiley and Sons,
New York, 1973.
3. D.L.Mills, Nonlinear Optics – Basic concepts, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi,
1991.
4. Emmanuel Desurvire, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers – principles and applications,
Wiley Interscience Publications, New York, 1994.
5. Simoni Francesco, Novel Optical Materials and Applications, John Wiley, New York,
1996.
6. Azzam and Bashara, Polarisation and Ellipsometry, Academic Press, New York,
1985.

OC032 QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 100

1. BASIC THEOREMS AND POSTULATES OF QUANTUM MECHANICS 10

The Schrodinger wave equation, some solutions of time independent Schrodinger equation,
Matrix formulation of quantum mechanics, Lattice vibration and their quantization,
Electromagnetic fields and their quantization.

2. LASER 10
Gaussian beam in a homogenous medium, Gaussian beam in a lens waveguide, Elliptic
Gaussian beams, Optical resonators, Spontaneous and induced transitions, gain coefficient,
homogenous and inhomogeneous broadening, Laser oscillations, Semiconductor laser,
quantum well laser, modulation of optical radiation, Q switching and Mole locking of laser,
Quantum wires and dots, Laser arrays, Concept of super modes, Phase amplitude in laser,
Free electron lasers.

3. NONLINEAR OPTICS 10
The nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor, Second harmonic generation, parametric
oscillations, parametric amplifiers, Applications.
4. STIMULATED RAMAN AND BRILLOUIN SCATTERING 10
Stimulated Raman scattering, Antisokes scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, self
focusing of optical beams.

5. NOISE 5
Noise in laser amplifier and oscillator, Laser spectra, Measurements.

TOTAL : 45
REFERENCES
1. Schubert Max, Wilhelmi Bernd, Non liner Optics and Quantum Electronics, John
Wiley, New York, 1998.
2. D.Marcuse, Principle of Quantum Electronics, Academic Press, New York, 1980.
3. J.T. Verdeyen, Laser Electronics, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1981.
4. A.Yariv, Optical Electronics, Holt Reinhart and Winston, Cambridge, 1983.
5. G.P.Agarwal and N.K.Dutta, Long Wavelength Semiconductor lasers, Von Nostrand
Reinholt, New York, 1985.
6. Harisson Paul, Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots, John Wiley, New York, 2000.
7. A.Yariv, Quantum Electronics, 3rd ed, John Wiley, New York, 1989.

OC033 HIGH SPEED PHOTONICS AND OPTO ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 100

1. ELECTRONICS PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9

Semiconductor materials, Band structure, Band structure modification by alloying,
Heterostructure, Intrinsic carrier concentration, Defect levels, excess carriers, recombination
process, charge injection and non radiative effects.

2. HIGH SPEED PHENOMENA 12

Picosecond process in carrier transport theory, carrier-carrier interaction, excitonexcition
interaction in super lattices, exciton life time reduction, reduction of electrons – photon
scattering rates, hot electron diffusion.

3. HIGH SPEED OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES 12

Mode locked lasers, Fast multiple quantum well absorbers, suppressing of timing and energy
fluctuation in lasers, Parametric oscillation in lasers, Ultra fast detectors – metal
semiconductor photo diodes, Photo conductors, Switches.

4. SHORT PULSE GENERATION AND APPLICATIONS 12

Gain switching in semiconductor lasers, Self-pulsation in semiconductor laser, bistable laser,
Short pulse generation using fiber non-linearity. Application to long distance and high speed
communication, High speed optical signal processing, Picosecond electro optic sampling,
logic gates, parallel processing and inter connectors.

TOTAL : 45
 REFERENCES
1. M.L.Riaziat, “Introduction to high speed electronics and Opto electronics”, John
Wiley, New York, 1995.
2. Sueta. T, Okoshi. T, “Fundamental of Ultra fast and Ultra parallel opto electronics”,
John Wiley, New York, 1996.
3. Mourou.G.A., Bloom O.M and Lee.C.H., “Principle electronics and Opto
Electronics”, Springer Vering, Berlin, 1995.

OC 034 PHOTONIC SWITCHING 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Function semiconductor laser, Basic concepts of semi conductor laser, Semi conductor
quantum wells, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Non linear effects in semiconductor
lasers.

2. BISTABLE LASER DIODES 9

Optical Bistability, bistable switches, Inhomogeneous current injections – absorptive scheme.
Dispersive bistable laser diodes. Injection locking. Bistability in laser diode amplifiers,
wavelength, power and polarisation bistability.

3. SELF PULSATION & ULTRA SHORT PULSE GENERATORS 9

Self pulsation-theory of self pulsation in laser diodes, Period doubling in modulated laser
diodes. Optical chaos, Mode locking in laser diodes, Monolithic mode locked laser diodes.

4. WAVELENGTH SELECTION AND WAVELENGTH SELECTIVE

PHOTODETECTION 9
Wavelength selection-Laser diode amplifier filters - DFB laser diode amplifier. Signal
selection, Noise properties, Wavelength selection photo detectors.

5. APPLICATIONS OF PHOTONIC SWITCHING 9

High speed data transmission systems, Clock distribution, All optical fibre communication
systems: Clock extraction & dispersion compensation, WDM systems, optical exchange
systems: Time division & wavelength division switching, Power mixing & Frequency
division switching, Space switches.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. H. Kawaguchi, Bistabilities and Non-linearities in Laser Diodes, Artech house Inc,
Norwood, 1944.
2. Sueta and Okoshi, Fundamental of Ultra fast & Ultra Parallel Opto Electronics, John
Wiley & Sons, New York, 1996.
3. K. Tada and Hinton. H.S, Photonic Switching II, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1990.
OC035 LASER SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION TO LASER COMMUNICATIONS 9

Atmospheric low loss windows, optical sources and detectors for these windows,
Characteristics of source and detectors. Optical transmitting and receiving antennas.

2. SYSTEM DESIGN 9
Link equation, Transmitter terminal, Antenna design, Antenna gain, Beam width, C/N,
Optical detectors, Optical modulation formats, Deriving error statistics, Signal requirements
for acquisition and tracking, Fundamentals of system design.

3. SEMICONDUCTOR AND METAL LASER SOURCES FOR SATELLITE

COMMUNICATIONS 9
Performance and Geometries, output wavelength control, Semiconductor laser lifetime,
Direct and indirect modulation techniques and radiation effects.

4. OPTICAL RECEIVERS AND SYSTEM DESIGN 9

Direct detection, coherent detection and demodulation. Gimbals in transceiver design,
Receiver options and optics; Lasers; antennas / Telescope, Internal optical systems,
Transmitter analysis.

5. LASER BEAM POINTING CONTROL 9

Acquisition and Tracking systems, System description, Acquisition methodology, racking
and pointing control system, RF cross link system design, link equation.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Morris Katzman, “Laser Satellite Communications”, Prentice Hall Inc, New York,
1991.
2. J. Franz and V.K.Jain, “Optical Communication Systems”, Narosa Publication, New
Delhi, 1994.

OC036 OPTICAL COMPUTING 3 0 0 100

1. OPTICAL COMPUTING PRINCIPLES 9

Non Von-Neuman architecture, various forms of parallel processing, SLM, LEDs, Lasers and
Photo detectors arrays, Holographic techniques, Optical storage devices.

2. DIGITAL LOGIC 9
Symbolic substitution, Image computing, Cellular logic, Boolean logic, Cellular arrays,
Cellular hyper cubes, conventional hyper cube, Binary stack coded arithmetic, Binary Row
coded, Binary symbol, Coded arithmetic multilevel logic processing.
3. OPTICAL COMPUTING ELEMENTS 9
ß switches, Machzender interferometeric logic elements for Boolean functions, Acousto
optic; optical matrix multipliers, Non linear optical switches as memories.

4. ANALOG OPTICAL COMPUTING 9

Linear optic processing, Analog optical arithmatics. Recognition by analog optical system.

5. DIGITAL OPTICAL COMPUTING 9

Devices, Shadow casting, Symbolic substitution, Optical matrix processing, Optical linear
neural network. Nonlinear network.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. A.Karim Mohammed and A.S.Abdul Awwall, Optical computing-An introduction,
John Wiley, New York, 1992.
2. Mc. Aulay Alastair.D, Optical Computer Architecture: The Application of optical
concepts to next generation computers, John Wiley, New York, 1991.
3. Dror Feitelsen, Optical Computing, MIT press, Cambridge, 1988.

OC037 LASER HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES 3 0 0 100

1. OPTICAL HOLOGRAPHY 9
Light wave interference patterns, Diffraction, Hologram formation, wavefront construction,
plane and volume hologram, formation geometries, In line and Off axis holograms.

2. FOURIER TRANSFORM AND DIFFRACTION 9

Linear space invariant systems, correspondences and transform relations, convolution
operation, operational and functional correspondences. Plane waves, Diffraction from
periodic objects relation to Fresnel and Krichhoff integral. Optical systems with spherical
lenses.

3. LIGHT SOURCES AND PLANE HOLOGRAMS 9

Light sources for hologram formation, fringe visibility in hologram recoding, illumination
with expanded laser beams, division and attenuation of laser beams, stability in hologram
formation, light sources for hologram reconstruction, simple holographic techniques.
Analysis of plane holograms, Mediums and Geometries.

4. HOLOGRAM RECORDING MATERIALS 9

Photosensitive materials, exposure sensitivity, resolution, erasability, noise in recording,
wavefront reconstruction, ideal materials, exposure characteristics of real materials,
Photographic emulsions, gelatin films, thermo plastics, photo chromatic and ferroelectric
materials.
5. PULSED LASER HOLOGRAPHY 9
Pulsed laser holograms, recording materials, Non linear recording, Holographic
interferometry, information storage, real image applications.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Graham Saxby, Practical Holography, Prentice Hall, London, 1988.

OC038 LASERS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 3 0 0 100

1. LASER THEORY 9
Interaction of light with matter, Atomic absorption, coefficients, Homogeneous and non-
homogenous broadening mechanisms, rate equations, optical resonators, Q switching and
Mode locking techniques.

2. LASERS 9
He-Ne lasers, CO2 laser, He-Cd laser, Ruby lasers, Pulsed lasers, Nd-YAG laser, Chemical
and Dye laser, Excimer laser.

3. SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS 9
Semiconductor laser theory, structure, excitation, gain coefficients and threshold density,
hetrostructure, Large optical cavity and Quantum well and Quantum dot lasers, External
cavity lasers, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Pumped lasers.

4. FIBER LASERS AND AMPLIFIERS 9

Fiber non-linearity, optical amplifiers, Rare earth doped fiber amplifiers, fiber lasers, soliton
lasers, Raman Fiber laser.

5. APPLICATIONS 9
Holography, Optical communication, LIDAR, Remote sensing, Bio Medical applications.
Industrial applications: metal cutting and welding processes. Optical metrology and precision
measurements.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. J.T. Verdeyan, Laser Electronics – Prentice Hall India, New Delhi, 1995.
2. Optical Electronics in Modern Communication V Edition Ammon Yariv, Oxford
University Press, 1997.
3. J.Corzine and L.Coldern, Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated circuits, John Wiley,
New York, 1995.
4. H.Koebner, Ed, Industrial Applications of Lasers, John Wiley, New York, 1984.
5. Duley W.W, Laser Processing and Analysis of materials, Plenum press, New York,
1983.
6. J.K.Cuxon and D.E.Parker, Industrial Lasers and Applications, PH Inc, New Jersey,
1985.
7. Olbarshi. M.L, Lasers Applications in Medicine and Biology, Plenum press, New
York, 1989.

OC039 OPTICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Coherance and light source, optical image formation, Franhoufer diffraction, Single slit,
double slit circular aperture, double aperture gratings, 1D and 2D lens aperture, Interference.

2. FOURIER SERIES AND TRANSFORM 9

Fourier series, Fourier coefficients, optical and crystal diffraction gratings, Fourier series
formulation, Fourier transform and single slit diffraction, grating pattern, Fourier transform of
light waves, correlation.

3. OPTICAL IMAGING AND PROCESSING 9

Incoherent optical imaging, transfer function, coherent optical imaging, periodic and non
periodic objects, optical transform, Holography, coherent and incoherent optical processing.

4. IMAGE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES 9

X- ray computed tomography, reconstruction by simple back projection, iterative
reconstruction, analysis methods, magnetic resonance imaging, Ultrasonic computed
tomography.

5. APPLICATIONS 9
Michelsons stellar interferometry, spectral interferometer, fringe visibility and spectral
distribution, partial coherence and correlation, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Synthetic
aperture radar, Intensity interferometer, Imaging by holographic techniques.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. E.G. Stewart, Fourier Optics an Introduction, 2 nd ed, Ellis Harwood limited,
Chichester, 1987.
2. Dror.G. Feitelson, Optical Computing, MIT press, Cambridge, 1988.

OC040 SOLITONS IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Elastic properties of dielectric fiber, Loss dispersion, birefringence, Non-Linear properties –
Kerr, Raman and Brillouin effects, Non Linear SchrÖdinger equation and a solitary wave
solution. Parameters for Soliton transmission.

2. INVERSE SCATTERING TRANSFORM AND PERTURBATION METHODS

9
Lax theory – Inverse Scattering transforms – Soliton solutions – Perturbation methods –
Conservation Laws – Stability.

3. SOLITON RESHAPING AND TRANSMISSION CONTROL 9

Reshaping schemes – Lie transformation – guiding centre soliton – Soliton transmission
control: The Gordon Haus limit, Guiding filter, Soliton control in frequency and time
domains, Synchronization techniques.

4. INTERACTION BETWEEN SOLITONS 9

Two soliton interaction in the same element, suppression, Soliton interaction in different
channels: Wavelength division multiplexing, Briefringence effects and polarization division
multiplexing.

5. SOLITON TRANSMISSION EXPERIMENTS AND APPLICATIONS 9

Reshaping of solitons in Erbium doped fiber amplifiers and Raman amplifiers, long distance
soliton transmission. Soliton laser, Optical soliton switching. Spatial soliton application.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Akira Hazegawa and Yuji Kodama, Solitons in Optical Communication, Oxford
University Press Inc, Oxford, 1995.
2. Iannone Engenio, Matera Francesco, Mecozzi Antonio & Settembre Marina, Non
Linear Optical Communication Networks, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1998.
3. Govind P.Agarwal, Non Linear fiber Optics, Academic Press, New York, 1995.

OC041 RF SYSTEM DESIGN 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
RF circuits, Impedance matching and Quality factor, Efficiency, Amplifiers, RF pre-
amplifiers, filters, Frequency converters, Mixers, Radio receivers.

2. OSCILLATORS AND PLL 9

Relaxation oscillators, Series resonant oscillators, Negative resistance oscillators, Oscillators
dynamics, Stability, Oscillator noise, Design examples, Phase locked loops-loop dynamics,
analysis, Frequency synthesizers.

3. AMPLIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9

Amplifier specifications – gain, bandwidth and impedance, stability, Amplifiers design,
Noise considerations. Class C and D amplifiers, High power amplifiers. Rectifiers, Switching
converters, Boost and Buck circuits.

4. COUPLERS AND WAVEGUIDE CIRCUITS 9

Directional coupling, Hybrids, power combining, transformer equivalent circuits, Double
tuned transformers, Transformers with magnetic and iron cores. Transmission line
transformer and Baluns. Waveguides, matching in wave guide circuits, Waveguide junctions,
coaxial lines, resistance impedance bridge, standing waves.
5. MODULATION AND DETECTION CIRCUITS 9
AM, High level modulation, Digital to analog modulation, SSB, Angle and frequency
modulation, Diode detectors, FM demodulators – Design, Power detectors. Measurement of
Power, Voltage and Impedance. Swept frequency impedance measurements.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Jon B.Hagen, Radio Frequency Electronics, Cambridge University press, Cambridge,
1996.
2. James Hardy, “High Frequency Circuit Design”, Reston Publishing company, New
York, 1979.
3. Ian Hickman, ‘RF Handbook” Butter worth Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1993.
4. Ulrich L.Rohde, T.T.N. Bucher, “Communication Receivers”, McGraw-Hill, New
York, 1998.
5. R. Ludcoig “RF Circuit Design” Pearson Asia Education and P. Bretchko, New Delhi,
2000.

MA151 APPLIED MATHEMATICS FOE ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS

3 1 0 100

1. THE WAVE EQUATIONS 10

Solution of initial and boundary value problems – Characteristics – D’Alembert’s Solution –
Significance of characteristic curves – Laplace transform solutions for displacement in a long
string – a long string under its weight – a bar with prescribed force on one end-free vibrations
of a string.

2. SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 13
Series solutions – Bessel’s equation – Bessel Functions-Legendre’s equation – Legendre
polynomials – Rodrigue’s formula – Recurrence relations – generating functions and
orthogonal property for Bessel functions of the first kind – Legendre polynomials.

3. PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES 12

Probability Concepts – Random Variables, Moment generating function – standard
distribution – Two dimensional random variables – Transformation of Random Variables –
Correlation – Regression system – queuing applications.

4. QUEUING THEORY 10
Single and Multiple server Markovian queuing models – customer impatience – Priority
queues – M/G/1 queuing system – queuing applications.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Sankara Rao. K. “Introduction to Partial Differential Equation”, PHI, 1995.
2. Taha. H.A., “Operations Research – An Introduction” 6th Edition, PHI, 1997.
3. Churchi. R.V., “Operational Mathematics”, McGraw-Hill, 1972.
4. Richard A.Johnson, “Miller and Freund’s Probability and Statistics for Engineers”, 5th
Edition, PHI, 1994.
5. S.Narayanan, T.K.Manichvachagam Pillay and G.Ramanaiah–Advanced Mathematics
for Engineering Students Vol. II, S.Viswanathan Pvt. Ltd., 1986.

AX131 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

1. DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Discrete Random Process, Expectations, Variance, Co-Variance, Scalar Product, Energy of
Discrete Signals – Parseval’s Theorem, Wiener Khintchine Relation-Power Spectral Density
– Periodogram – Sample Autocorrelation – Sum Decomposition Theorem, Spectral
Factorization Theorem – Discrete Random Signal Processing by Linear Systems – Simulation
of White Noise – Low Pass Filtering of White Noise.

2. SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9
Non-Parametric Methods-Correlation Method – Co-Variance Estimator – Performance
Analysis of Estimators – Unbiased, Consistent Estimators – Periodogram Estimator – Barlett
Spectrum Estimation–Welch Estimation–Model based Approach – AR, MA, ARMA Signal
Modeling – Parameter Estimation using Yule-Walker Method.

3. LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION 9

Maximum likelihood criterion-efficiency of estimator-Least mean squared error criterion –
Wiener filter-Discrete Wiener Hoff equations-Recursive estimators-Kalman filter-Linear
prediction, prediction error-whitening filter, inverse filter-Levinson recursion, Lattice
realization, and Levinson recursion algorithm for solving Toeplitz system of equations.

4. ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9
FIR adaptive filters-Newton’s steepest descent method – adaptive filter based on steepest
descent method – Widrow Hoff LMS adaptive algorithm – Adaptive channel equalization –
Adaptive echo chancellor-Adaptive noise cancellation-RLS adaptive filters-Exponentially
weighted RLS-sliding window RLS-Simplified IIR LMS adaptive filter.

5. MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Mathematical description of change of sampling rate – Interpolation and Decimation –
continuous time model – Direct digital domain approach – Decimation by an integer factor –
Interpolation by an integer factor – Single and multistage realization – poly phase realization
– Application to sub band coding – Wavelet transform and filter bank implementation of
wavelet expansion of signals.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOK
1. Monson H.Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling, John Wiley and
Sons, Inc., New York, 1996.

REFERENCES
1. Sopocles J.Orfranidis, Optimum Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill, 1990.
2. John G.Proakis, Dimitris G.Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing Prentice Hall of
India, 1995.
CM133 HIGH PERFORMANCE COMMUNICATION NETWORKS 3 0 0 100

1. BASICS OF NETWORKS 9
Telephone, computer, cable television and wireless networks, networking principles,
digitization: service integration, network services and layered architecture, traffic
characterization and QOS, network services: network elements and network mechanisms.

2. PACKET SWITCHED NETWORKS 9

OSI and IP models: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3); token ring (IEEE 802.5), FDDI, DQDB, frame
relay : SMDS : internet working with SMDS.

3. INTERNET AND TCP/IP NETWORKS 9

Overview, Internet protocol ; TCP and VDP, performance of TCP / IP networks circuit
switched networks : SONET ; DWDM, Fiber to home, DSL. Intelligent networks, CATV.

4. ATM AND WIRELESS NETWORKS 9

Main features addressing, signaling and routing ; ATM header structure - adaptation layer,
management and control; BISDN ; interworking with ATM, Wireless channel, link level
design, channel access; Network design and wireless networks.

5. OPTICAL NETWORKS AND SWITCHING 9

Optical links – WDM systems, cross –connects, optical LANS, optical paths and networks ;
TDS and SDS : modular switch designs – packet switching, distributed, shared, input and
output buffers.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Jean Warland and Pravin Varaiya, High Performance Communication Networks, 2nd
edition, Harcourt and Morgan Kauffman, London, 2000.
2. Leon Garcia, Widjaja, Communication Networks, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
2000.
3. Sumit Kasera, Pankaj Sethi, ATM Networks, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2000.
4. Behrouz.A. Forouzan, Data Communication and Networking, Tata McGraw-Hill,
New Delhi, 2000.

CM032 NETWORK MANAGEMENT 3 0 0 100

1. FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER NETWORK TECHNOLOGY 9

Network Topology, LAN, Network Node components-Hubs, Bridges, Routers, Gateways,
Switches, WAN, ISDN- Transmission Technology, Communication protocols and standards.

2. OSI NETWORK MANAGEMENT 9

OSI Network management model-Organization Model-Information model, Communication
Model/ Abstract Syntax Notation – Encoding structure, Macros Functional Model CMIP /
CMIS.
3. INTERNET MANAGEMENT (SNMP) 9
SNMP- Organization Model- System overview, The Information model, communication
model- Functional Model, SNMP proxy server, Management information protocol Remote
monitoring.

4. BROADBAND NETWORK MANAGEMENT 9

Broadband Networks and services, ATM Technology-VP, VC, ATM Packet, Integrated
Service, ATM LAN Emulation, virtual Lan. ATM Network Management:- ATM Network
reference Model, Integrated Local Management Interface. ATM Management Information
Base, Role of SNMD and ILMI in ATM management, M1, M2, M3, M4 Interface. ATM
Digital Exchange Interface Management.

5. NETWORK MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS 9

Configuration management, Fault Management Performance management, Event correlation
Techniques security Management, Accounting Management, Report Management, Policy
Based Management Service level Management.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. Mani Subramanian, “Network Management Principles and Practice”, Addison
Wesley, New York, 2000.
2. Salah Aidarous, Thomas Plevyak, “Telecommunications Network Management
Technologies and Implementations”, Eastern Economy Edition IEEE Press, New
Delhi, 1998.
3. Lakshmi G.Raman, “Fundamentals of Telecommunication Network Management”,
Eastern Economy Edition IEEE Press, New Delhi, 1999.

CM038 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY IN

SYSTEM DESIGN 3 0 0 100

1. EMI ENVIRONMENT 9
Sources of EMI, conducted and radiated EMI, Transient EMI, EMI-EMC definitions and
units of parameters.

2. EMI COUPLING PRINCIPLES 9

Conducted, radiated and transient coupling, Common impedance ground coupling, Radiated
common mode and ground loop coupling, Radiated differential mode coupling, near field
cable to cable coupling, Power mains and Power supply coupling.

3. EMI SPECIFICATIONS / STANDARD / LIMITS AND MEASUREMENTS 9

Units of specifications, Civilian standards and Military standard, EMI test instruments /
systems, EMI test, EMI shielded chamber, Open area test site, TEM cell, Antennas,
Conductor sensors / Injectors / Couplers, Military test method and procedures, Calibration
procedures.
4. EMI CONTROL TECHNIQUES 9
Shielding Filtering, Grounding, Bonding, Isolation transformer, Transient suppressors, Cable
routing, Signal control, Component selection and mounting.

5. EMC DESIGN OF PCBs 9

PCB traces, cross talk, Impedance control, Power distribution, Decoupling, Zoning,
Motherboard designs, Propagation delay performance models.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES
1. V.P.Kodali, Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies, IEEE
Press, New York, 1996.
2. Bemhard Keiser, Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility, 3 rd Edition, Artech
house, Norwood, 1986.
3. Herry W. Ott, Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, A Wiley Inter
Science publications, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1988.

CM041 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION RECEIVERS 3 0 0 100

1. REVIEW OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES 9

Base band and bandpass communication, signal space representation, linear and non-linear
modulation techniques, and Spectral characteristics of digital modulation.

2. OPTIMUM RECEIVERS FOR AWGN CHANNEL 9

Correlation demodulator, matched filter, maximum likelihood sequence detector, Optimum
receiver for CPM signals, M-ary orthogonal signals, envelope detectors for M-ary and
correlated binary signals.

3. RECEIVERS FOR FADING CHANNELS 9

Characterization of fading multiple channels, statistical models, slow fading, frequency
selective fading, diversity technique, RAKE demodulator, coded waveform for fading
channel.

4. SYNCHRONIZATION TECHNIQUES 9
Carrier and symbol synchronization, carrier phase estimation-PLL, Decision directed loops,
symbol timing estimation, maximum likelihood and Non-decision directed timing estimation,
joint estimation.

5. ADAPTIVE EQUALIZATION 9
Zeroforcing algorithm, LMS algorithm, adaptive Decision – feedback equalizer, and
equalization of Trellis-coded signals, Kaiman algorithm, bind equalizers, and stochastic
gradient algorithm. Echo cancellation.

TOTAL : 45
 REFERENCES
1. Heinrich Meyer, Mare Moeneclacy, Stefan. A. Fechtel, “Digital Communication
Receivers”, Vol. I & II, John Wiley, New York, 1997.
2. John.G. Proakis, ‘Digital Communication”, 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York,
2001.
3. E.A. Lee and D.G. Messerschmitt, “Digital Communication”, 2nd edition, Allied
publishers, New Delhi, 1994.
4. Simon Marvin, “Digital Communication over fading channel; An unified approach to
performance Analysis, John Wiley, New York, 2000.