Industrial Automation System Using Remote

Access

By

1 Raheel Ahmad 2KX3-EE-117

2 Babar Ali 2KX3-EE-109

3 Mahtab Hassan 2KX3-EE-107

Final Year Project Report

Department of Electrical Engineering

Pakistan Institute of Engineering and

Technology, Multan, Pakistan
 Pakistan Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Multan, Pakistan

Industrial Automation System Using Remote

Access

A Thesis Presented to

Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Multan, Pakistan

In partial fulfillment
of the requirement for the degree of

B.S. Electrical Engineering

By
1 Raheel Ahmad 2KX3-EE-117

2 Babar Ali 2KX3-EE-109

3 Mahtab Hassan 2KX3-EE-107

i
 Declaration
We, hereby declare that in this project neither as a whole is copied but

some part has been copied from some sources with exact references.

It is further declared that we have developed this project and the

accompanied report entirely on the basis of our personal efforts made

under the sincere guidance of our supervisor. The results embodied in

this thesis have not been submitted to any other University or Institute

for the award of any degree or diploma.

Signature: __________________

Name: Raheel Ahmad (2KX3-EE-117)

Signature: __________________

Name: Babar Ali (2KX3-EE-109)

Signature: __________________

Name: Mahtab Hassan (2KX3-EE-107)

ii
 Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Multan, Pakistan

Department of Electrical Engineering

Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Technology
Multan, Pakistan

The project Industrial Automation Using Remote Access, Presented by:

Raheel Ahmad 2KX3-EE-117

Babar Ali 2KX3-EE-109

Mehtab Hassan 2KX3-EE-107

under the supervision of their project advisor and approved by the project

examination committee, has been accepted by the PIET, Multan, Pakistan, in

partial fulfillment of the requirements for the four year degree of B.S. Electrical

Engineering.

(Engr. Muhammad Salman Malik) (External 1)

Lab Engineer, Project Advisor

(Engr. Muhammad Asif Siddiq)

Head Department of Electrical Engineering

iii
 Acknowledgement
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah for the strengths and His blessing in

completing this project. We are thankful to our parents for their endless

love, prayers and encouragement. Special gratitude goes to our

supervisor, Engr. Muhammad Salman Malik for his supervision and

constant support. His invaluable of constructive comments and

suggestion throughout the experimental and thesis works have

contributed to the success of this project. We would like to thank Engr.

Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal of EE department PIET for his support

and help. Finally, we are deeply grateful to all the staff of EE

department PIET for their guide and help throughout this dissertation

process.

iv
 Abstract
In current era with technological advancement any electrical machine,

plant or panel can be controlled from remote location. In Industrial

system various faults in machines like over loadings, over heating

speed control can effects the overall system performance cost, time

and quality. In order to monitor and control these faults, different public

or private networks can be used for monitoring and controlling

automation processes like LAN, WAN etc. The aim of this project is to

design and construct an industrial automation system that will remotely

switch on or off industrial appliances with implementation of SCADA

system on small level industrial panel, using a microcontroller to control

& access system through remote distance by using port forwarding.

Our proposed work was developed using LabVIEW NI MAX

(measurements and automation explorer) GUI allows remote control

and monitoring, in real-time, of actual industry equipment’s using web

server interfacing. The advantages of the designed system is user

friendly real time controlling, cost, time, efficient and good infrastructure

of industrial automation.

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE....................................................................................................................................i
DECLERATION..................................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................iv
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................................vi
TABLE OF FIGURES......................................................................................................viii
LIST OF TABLES..............................................................................................................ix
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATION ....................................................... 1
1.1 Automation ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1.1 Office Automation ........................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 Building Automation ....................................................................................... 2
1.1.3 Power Automation: ......................................................................................... 2
1.1.4 Home Automation: .......................................................................................... 3
1.1.5 Industrial Automation: .................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE ACCESS ................................................. 4
2.1 Remote Access ........................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Remote Devices Accumulation: ............................................................................. 4
2.2.1 Wired devices: ................................................................................................. 4
2.2.2 Wireless Devices:............................................................................................. 4
2.2.2.1 Bluetooth:.................................................................................................... 5
2.2.2.2 Wi-Fi: .......................................................................................................... 5
2.2.3 Remote Access Using Internet: ........................................................................ 6
2.2.3.1 VPN: ........................................................................................................... 6
2.2.3.2 Port Forwarding: ......................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO ............................................................... 4
3.1 Arduino Uno ........................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Software IDE: ......................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Basic Function of Arduino UNO: ........................................................................... 9
CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW ............................................................. 10
4.1 LABVIEW ............................................................................................................ 10
4.2 Operation Panels ................................................................................................... 10
4.2.1 Control Panel ................................................................................................. 11
4.2.2 Function Panel ............................................................................................... 11

vi
 4.3 DATA ACQUSITION .......................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER 5 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 13
5.1 Hardware Implementation: .................................................................................. 13
5.1.1 Arduino UNO Board: ..................................................................................... 13
5.1.2 L298N ............................................................................................................ 15
5.1.3 FAN................................................................................................................ 17
5.1.4 LED Light Bulb ............................................................................................. 18
5.1.5 Heating Element............................................................................................. 19
5.1.6 LM35 (Heat Detector).................................................................................... 19
5.1.7 Connecting L298N to Arduino: ..................................................................... 21
5.1.8 Connecting Appliances to L298N:................................................................. 22
5.1.9 Implementation of SCADA System: ............................................................. 23
5.2 Programming the Arduino-Uno ............................................................................ 23
5.3 Designing of LABVIEW GUI .............................................................................. 24
5.3.1 Project Front Panel GUI................................................................................. 25
5.3.1.1 VISA Resource Name (Front Panel)......................................................... 25
5.3.1.2 Switches .................................................................................................... 26
5.3.1.3 Temperature Indicators ............................................................................. 26
5.3.2 Project Back Panel View: .............................................................................. 27
5.3.2.1 VISA Configuration Serial Port ................................................................ 28
5.3.2.2 VISA Read Function ................................................................................. 30
5.3.2.3 While Loop ............................................................................................... 31
5.3.2.4 VISA Write Function ............................................................................... 32
5.3.2.5 Case Structure: ......................................................................................... 33
5.4 Uno Interfacing with Lab VIEW: ......................................................................... 34
5.5 Remote Access: ..................................................................................................... 35
5.5.1 Remote Access Operation: ........................................................................... 41
Chapter 6 Conclusion & Future work: ............................................................................... 43
References .......................................................................................................................... 44

vii
List of Figures:
Figure 2-1 Port Forwarding web Server ............................................................... 7
Figure 3-1 Arduino UNO Board ............................................................................ 9
Figure 4-1 LabVIEW Control Panel View ........................................................... 11
Figure 4-2 LabVIEW Functional Panel View ...................................................... 11
Figure 5-1 L298N .............................................................................................. 15
Figure 5-2 DC FAN ............................................................................................ 17
Figure 5-3 LED Light Bulb .................................................................................. 18
Figure 5-4 Resistor ............................................................................................ 19
Figure 5-5 LM35................................................................................................. 19
Figure 5-6 Arduino UNO Board Connection with L298N .................................... 21
Figure 5-7 Software IDE Coding ........................................................................ 24
Figure 5-8 Front Panel GUI ................................................................................ 25
Figure 5-9 Flow Chart GUI ................................................................................. 27
Figure 5-10 VISA Configuration Serial Port ....................................................... 28
Figure 5-11 VISA Read Function ....................................................................... 30
Figure 5-12 While LOOP Structure .................................................................... 31
Figure 5-13 VISA Write Function ....................................................................... 32
Figure 5-14 Case Structure ................................................................................ 33
Figure 5-15 COM Port Selection in MAX ........................................................... 34
Figure 5-16 Enabling Web Server ...................................................................... 35
Figure 5-17 Enabling Log File ............................................................................ 36
Figure 5-18 Selection of VI for Remote Panel .................................................... 36
Figure 5-19 Web Pages Saving Root Directory ................................................. 37
Figure 5-20 Web Browser Remote Panel Visualization ..................................... 37
Figure 5-21 URL for Remotely Accessing Front Panel ...................................... 37
Figure 5-22 Local Area Connection in Server .................................................... 38
Figure 5-23 Internet Protocol Version in Server ................................................. 39
Figure 5-24 Assigning Static IP to Server .......................................................... 39
Figure 5-25 Select Port Forwarding in Router .................................................... 40
Figure 5-26 Remote Front Panel View on Client ................................................ 41

viii
List of Tables
Table 5.1 Arduino UNO Specification Table ...................................................... 14
Table 5.2 LM35 Specification ............................................................................. 20

ix
 Chapter 1 Introduction to Automation

1.1 Automation:

Automation is the use of control systems and information technology to

control equipment, industrial machinery and processes, reducing the

need for human intervention. In the scope of industrialization,

automation is a second step beyond mechanization [1]. Mechanization

provides human operators with machinery to assist them with the

physical requirements of work while automation greatly reduces the

need for human sensory and mental requirements as well [1].

Automation plays an increasingly important role in the global economy

and in daily experience. Tasks requiring subjective assessment or

synthesis of complex sensory data, such as scents and sounds, as well

as high-level tasks such as strategic planning, currently require human

expertise [1].

1.1.1 Office Automation:

Office automation refers to the varied computer machinery and

software used to digitally create, collect, store, manipulate data needed

for accomplishing basic tasks and goals. Raw data storage, electronic

transfer, and the management of electronic business information

comprise the basic activities of an office automation system, office

1
automation helps in optimizing or automating existing office

procedures.

1.1.2 Building Automation:

A building automation system is an example of a distributed control

system. The building automation system (BAS) core functionality

keeps the building climate within a specific range, provides lighting

based on an occupancy schedule, and monitors system performance

and device failures and provides email and/or text notifications to

building engineering staff. The BAS functionality reduces building

energy and maintenance costs when compared to a non-controlled

building [1].

1.1.3 Power Automation:

Power automation is the automated control and monitoring of power

plants, substations and transformers for effectiveness, efficiency and

fault detection [1]. Power automation system makes it possible to

monitor different power units, rely their status and health information.

The power automation system can even carry out fault detection and

correction without human interference. Example of power automation

system is the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

system.

2
 1.1.4 Home Automation:
Home automation includes all that a building automation provides like

climate controls, door and window controls, and in addition control of

multimedia home theatres, plant watering and so on. But there exists a

difference in that home automation emphasizes more on comforts

through ease of operation.

1.1.5 Industrial Automation:

Industrial automation is the use of control systems, such as computers

or robots, and information technologies for handling different

processes and machineries in an industry to replace a human being.

In recent era the purpose of automation was to increase productivity

(since automated systems can work 24 hours a day), and to reduce the

cost associated with human operators (i.e. wages & benefits).

However, today, the focus of automation has shifted to increasing

quality and flexibility in a manufacturing process. In the automobile

industry, the installation of pistons into the engine used to be performed

manually with an error rate of 1-1.5%. Presently, this task is performed

using automated machinery with an error rate of 0.00001% [3].

3
 Chapter 2 Introduction to Remote Access

2.1 Remote Access:

Remote access is the ability to get access to a computer or a network

from a remote distance. In corporations, people at branch offices,

telecommuters, and people who are travelling may need access to the

corporation's network [4]. Once you have set up your remote access

tool, you can open all of your computer’s files and programs remotely,

from another device. You can be on the other side of the world and,

providing you have an Internet connection, use your computer as if it

was right in front of you [4].

2.2 Remote Devices Accumulation:

2.2.1 Wired devices:
Wired devices used to connect different devices by wires. For example,

using a laptop we can connect devices with client USB interfaces to a

laptop as it is capable of being a USB master. An advantage of this

approach is that it is simple for the user and most modern operating

systems support automatic detection and configuration of USB devices

when they are first attached to the computer.

2.2.2 Wireless Devices:

Wireless links are also used to connect two or more devices together.

The advantages of this are that we do not need to use cables to

4
connect the different components, but the disadvantages are that we

now have to address the problems of (1) Device discovery and (2)

Addressing. Also cost of developing a wireless version of a device can

be expensive.

2.2.2.1 Bluetooth:
Handheld devices often utilize Bluetooth technology to avoid wires.

Bluetooth allows 2 to 7 devices to exchange messages and files in a

secure way. It uses a globally unlicensed ISM 2.4 GHz short-range

radio frequency link, whose bandwidth that can reach up to 3 Mbps in

some versions of the protocol.

2.2.2.2 Wi-Fi:
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) technology is a branding and marketing name

for interoperable IEEE 802.11 devices [5] – that have been designed

to provide wireless network connections for home computers and

nearly all laptop computer; and it is also increasingly incorporated into

PDAs and the latest generation cellular phones [5]. Much faster

connections than Bluetooth offers are provided – up to 54 Mbps – along

with a greater range, reaching 140 meters under ideal conditions,

making Wi-Fi a common solution for wireless services that require fast

connections.

5
2.2.3 Remote Access Using Internet:
If server have a windows operating system and want to access his

home computer through internet this can be done by VPN & Port

forwarding technique.

2.2.3.1 VPN:
If user create a virtual private network (VPN), so no need to expose the

Remote Desktop server directly to the Internet. Instead, when you’re

away from home, you can connect to the VPN, and your computer will

act like it’s part of the same local network as the computer at home,

running the Remote Desktop server [6]. This will allow you to access

Remote Desktop and other services normally only exposed on your

local network. Setting up a VPN is by far the more secure option when

it comes to making Remote Desktop accessible over the internet, and

with the right tools, it’s pretty simple to achieve [6].

2.2.3.2 Port Forwarding:

A port forward is a way of making a computer on your home or business

network accessible to computers on the internet, even though they are

behind a router. Also called "port mapping," port forwarding is directing

traffic from the outside world to the appropriate server inside a local

TCP/IP network. Internet services are identified by a standard port

number; for example, Web traffic uses port number 80 [6]. If the local

network hosts a Web server that is accessible on the public Internet,

6
the port forwarding panel in the router would be configured to direct

Web/HTTP packets (port 80 traffic) to the IP address of the Web server

in the local network (LAN).

Ports are "opened" and "closed" in the firewall, which determines which

types of traffic are allowed in or out. In a company, stand-alone

commercial firewalls are used. In the home and small business, the

firewall is built into the wireless router. It is commonly used in gaming,

security camera setup, voice over IP, and downloading files [6].

Figure 0-1 Port Forwarding web Server

7
 Chapter 3 Introduction to Arduino

3.1 Arduino Uno

Arduino is famous single board microcontroller design to make the

process which hold access multiple electronics projects. The hardware

consist of Arduino board with an Atmel AVR processor and input/output

support. The software consists of a standard programming language

compiler and the boot loader that runs on the board [7].

An Arduino board consists of 8-bit Atmel microcontroller with

complementary components to facilitate programming and

transformation into other circuits. A most possible used of Arduino

having connectors, by which CPU can be connect to variety of

removable shields known as modules. Most board include 5 volt linear

regulator and a 16 MHz crystal oscillator.

An Arduino board contains 14 digital I/O pins, six pins can produce

pulse-width modulated (PWM) signals, and six analog inputs. These

I/O pins are on the top of the board, via female 0.1 inch headers.

Several plug-in application shields are also commercially available [7].

8
 Figure 0-2 Arduino UNO Board

3.2 Software IDE:

The Arduino IDE is cross-platform application which is written in Java

& is derived from IDE for the processing programming language & for

different projects. Its main purpose is to introduce programming to

newcomers & artist to become familiar with software’s development. It

has many features just like syntax high lighting & have capability to

compiling & uploading programs to the Arduino board just by single

click [7].

3.3 Basic Function of Arduino UNO:

In initialization of Arduino program setup () function is called when a

sketch starts. It is use it to initialize variables, pin modes, start using

libraries, etc. The setup function will run only when power up or reset

code. After creating a setup () function, the loop () function is used,

allowing your program to change and respond as it runs. And Code in

the loop () section of your sketch is used to actively control the Arduino

board.

9
 Chapter 4 Introduction to LABVIEW

4.1 LABVIEW:
LabVIEW software used for measurement or control system and is the

heart of the NI design platform. LabVIEW is a powerful software system

that accommodates data acquisition, instrument Control, data

processing and data presentation. LabVIEW which can run on PC

under Windows, uses graphical programming language (G language)

departing from the traditional high level languages such as the C

language, Pascal or Basic [8].

All LabVIEW graphical programs, called Virtual Instruments or simply

VIs, contains a Front Panel and a Block Diagram. Front Panel has

various controls and indicators while the Block Diagram consists of a

variety of functions. The functions (icons) are wired inside the Block

Diagram where the wires represent the flow of data [8]. The execution

of a VI is data dependent which means that a node inside the Block

Diagram will execute only if the data is available at each input terminal

of that node.

Major functional panel of LabVIEW

4.2 Operation Panels:
In order to make user operations more adaptable, LabVIEW provide

more two different operating panels named as

10
4.2.1 Control Panel:

Figure 0-3 LabVIEW Control Panel View

This panel mainly contain Graphs, Switches, & Different Indicators &

add on front panel by using all of this user can control & I/O device.

4.2.2 Function Panel:

Figure 0-4 LabVIEW Functional Panel View

This above panel mainly add various Structure loops & I/O devices in

Back panel also add some virtual Instruments which are the essential

parts for serial communication.

11
4.3 DATA ACQUSITION:
Data acquisition (DAQ) is the process of acquiring an electrical or

physical phenomenon such as voltage, current, temperature, sounds

or pressure with a computer. A DAQ system consists of a DAQ card or

sensor, hardware from which data is to be acquired and a computer

with associated software. A DAQ card has various features which can

be designed for different purposes. For data involving very high

accuracy the sampling rate of the card should be high enough to

reconstruct the signal that appears in the computer. NI USB-6363 DAQ

can be used to get data related to impulse voltage which require very

high accuracy. Sampling rate of this card is 2mbps (mega samples per

second) [9]. This DAQ can be used in variety of platform like Microsoft

windows, MAC, and Linux etc. For acquiring data from high voltage

system, first the system parameters should be scaled down to values

supported by the DAQ card. So the high voltage system should be

connected to instrument transformer to scale down the voltage as well

as current [9].

12
 Chapter 5 Methodology

This part will explain the procedure adopted to achieve the various

goals of the project.

 Project Flow:

5.1 Hardware Implementation:

This part describes the implementation of the whole system, in this

system a small panel is design from Arduino-Uno board to the

appliances including two Fans, two Led & heating element & heating

sensor to show the current environment temperature across panel

which is essential part of SCADA implementation. This system is

integrated using Arduino-Uno board, motor Driver circuits, and other

electronics components.

5.1.1 Arduino UNO Board:

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328.

It has a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, 14 digital input/output pins (of which

13
6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a USB connection, a

power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. The difference seen

in the Arduino Uno is that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver

chip but, it has the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2)

programmed as a USB to-serial converter [7].

Table 5.1 Arduino UNO Specification

14
5.1.2 L298N:

Figure 0-5 L298N

An L298N is called H-Bridges are typically used in controlling motors

speed and direction, but can be used for other projects such as driving

the brightness of certain lighting projects such as high powered LED

arrays.

Working of L298N:

An H-Bridge is a circuit that can drive a current in either polarity and be

controlled by *Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Pulse Width Modulation

means in controlling the duration of an electronic pulse. In motors try

to imagine the brush as a water wheel and electrons as a flowing

droplets of water. The voltage would be the water flowing over the

wheel at a constant rate, the more water flowing the higher the voltage.

Motors are rated at certain voltages and can be damaged if the voltage

is applied to heavily or if it is dropped quickly to slow the motor down

using PWM [10]. The longer the pulses the faster the wheel will turn,
15
the shorter the pulses, the slower the water wheel will turn. Motors will

last much longer and be more reliable if controlled through PWM.

16
5.1.3 FAN:

Figure 0-6 DC FAN

FAN used for produce cooling & reducing temperature .For example in

industrialization if the temperature of any electrical machine like

transformer, motors or any appliances that create the harmful situation

we mostly use the fan for cooling purpose because of cost effective,

and easy to control for remotely. Because proposed thesis bring the

concept of industrial Automation so, 12v dc fan is used as alternate of

industrial fan which can be operated at low voltages & current ratings.

Current rating is given below

Circuit type: DC

Voltage: 12v

Current: 0.36A (360mA)

Power: 4.32w

17
5.1.4 LED Light Bulb:

Figure 0-7 LED Light Bulb

LED is the latest generation illumination technology which are taking

the place of incandescent lamp and common energy conservation

lamps. Its high-effect energy conservation, low-power

consumption, high illumination and extra-long lifespan make it the best

bulb. Due to concept of industrial Automation to accomplish this here

12V LED is used as an alternate of industrial light which can be

operated at low voltages & current ratings. Current rating is given below

Circuit type: DC

Voltage: 12v

Current: 0.58 (580mA)

Power: 7w

18
5.1.5 Heating Element:

Figure 0-8 Resistor

Although resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels,

to divide voltages, terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical power

as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution

systems, or as test loads for generators.

5.1.6 LM35 (Heat Detector):

Figure 0-9 LM35

Description:

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature devices

with an output voltage linearly-proportional to the Centigrade

temperature. The LM35 device has an advantage over linear

19
temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to

subtract a large constant voltage from the output to obtain convenient

Centigrade scaling [11]. The low-output impedance, linear output, and

precise inherent calibration of the LM35 device makes interfacing to

readout or control circuitry especially easy. The device is used with

single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As the LM35

device draws only 60 µA from the supply. The LM35 device is rated to

operate over a −55°C to 150°C temperature [11].

Specifications:

Interface Analog Output

OperatingTemperature Range(C) -55 to 150

Supply Voltage Minimum 4

Supply Voltage Maximum 30

Table 5.2 LM35 Specification

20
5.1.7 Connecting L298N to Arduino:

Figure 0-10 Arduino UNO Board Connection with L298N

Description:

There are several different models of these L298N Dual H-Bridge

Motor Controllers.

 Make sure you have all of your grounds tied together; Arduino,

Power source, and the Motor controller. The PWM Pins are

unnecessary if you do not want to control PWM features.

 For instance if user have no demand to control speed of motor

by Pulse Width modulation (PWM) then no need to used PWM

pins. According to different applications most of time stepper

motors are used for this purpose to control their speed.

21
5.1.8 Connecting Appliances to L298N:

Although Arduino is a microcontroller which used for multiple projects

but in this thesis Arduino is used as an alternate of PLC & also for

automation purpose. Arduino pin (A0) used as an input pin & pins (6,

7, 8, and 13) used as output pins which will trigger the appliances as

need. In addition, for connecting appliances to Arduino board following

steps are necessary to follow for this project

 Firstly, connect your Motor wires with L298N motor driver circuit

to run it on its full speed. Otherwise by directing connecting the

12V appliances to Arduino direct it can harm serial

communication port because port provide 5V maximum & that 5V

are used to operate total Arduino board & each Arduino pin

provide 5V only to driver output circuit so, minimizing difficulties

Motor driver circuit is used to drive 12V load.

 Common the 5V of Arduino pin to 5V of driver circuit.

 In last, the Arduino pin which is used as output connect to the

female connector of driver circuit.

 Also, one of Arduino pin is used as input just like sensor which

will sense the environment temperature and it its report in

synchronous frame to the controller.

22
5.1.9 Implementation of SCADA System:
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system is

implemented by using different type of sensors for monitoring and

controlling electrical things in real time by using remote access. The

high power ceramic resister is used as heating element with LM35 heat

detector for measuring environment temperature & send results to

supervisory controller by this cooling system will get triggered if

temperature exceed its threshold level. Power resister generating heat

on the principal of joule heating also called “ohmic heating”

𝑃 ∝ 𝐼2 𝑅

Where power is dissipated as heat & R is the resistance & I is amount

of current flowing through resister. For measuring that power LM35

heat detector sensor is used which will detect the temperature across

panel and data acquisition system which is essential part of SCADA.

Addition it will measure the temperature from the power resister & send

obtained results to supervisory control system (microcontroller) and

initialize cooling system or Alarm system if needed.

5.2 Programming the Arduino-Uno:

In order for the Arduino-Uno board to be able to interact with the given

programming instruction there is user friendly software which allows

23
writing any code for any function wanted to be performed by the

Arduino-Uno and upload it to the board.

Figure 0-11 Software IDE Coding

 Open the Code file sketch: Tools> Board >Arduino Uno

 Select the serial device of the Arduino board from the Tools |

Serial Port menu. On Windows, this should be COM1 or COM2

for a serial Arduino board, or COM3, COM4, or COM5 for a USB

board.

5.3 Designing of LABVIEW GUI:

For controlling & monitoring the industrial appliances there is need of

creating virtual Graphical User Interface (GUI). The industrial panel is

developed using LabVIEW virtual instrumentation and it allows remote

24
control and monitoring, in real-time, of the actual laboratory equipment.

So, to accomplish this concept the proposed GUI is given below

5.3.1 Project Front Panel GUI:

Figure 0-12 Front Panel GUI

Front Panel Components:

5.3.1.1 VISA Resource Name (Front Panel):
This is VISA resource name on front panel a user can change

communication port at which serial communication instrument is

25
connected for operating the communication between LabVIEW & serial

device. Also, for communicating at different speeds default values of

(Baud rate, data bits, parity bits, and stop bits) can be change for

getting expected results.

5.3.1.2 Switches:
These are called Boolean Switches they change their current positions

when switch is press. Also LED is used for checking the ON & OFF

position of Switch. Here both switch & Led used for change the selector

value of case structure according to different coding instructions.

5.3.1.3 Temperature Indicators:

Visa read function is used for read the serial data from serial

Communication resources (Arduino) here this is output of read buffer

just name as temperature Live in degree Celsius where threshold

temperature which set to trigger the certain appliances (FAN ,Bulb) etc.

26
5.3.2 Project Back Panel View:

Figure 0-13 Flow Chart GUI

27
Block Diagram Components:

5.3.2.1 VISA Configuration Serial Port:

Figure 0-14 VISA Configuration Serial Port

This Serial configuration Port is mainly used for Serial Communication

among PC & with other hardware which contain serial communication

port because the serial port sends and receives bytes of information

one bit at a time. Although this is slower than parallel communication,

which allows the transmission of an entire byte at once time.

VISA Resource name: Provide Serial communication with our serial

Instrument or Resources. In order to identify VISA is ready to

communicate with serial instrument Measurement & Automation (MAX)

Software is need to install in Computer Which reflects all Serial &

Parallel(LPT) ports of user computer & update the ports in LabVIEW

VISA resource name for serial communication.

Baud Rate, Data & Parity Bits: NI-VISA provide asynchronous Serial

Communication, the port can transmit data on one line while receiving

28
data on another. The important serial characteristics are baud rate,

data bits, stop bits, and parity. For two ports to communicate, these

parameters must match:

1) Baud Rate:
The baud rate is the rate at which information is transferred in a

communication channel. In the serial port context, "9600 baud"

means that the serial port is capable of transferring a maximum

of 9600 bits per second. It measure the speed of communication

that shows no of samples per second.

2) Data Bits:
It examine the actual data bits in a transmission. When the

computer sends a frame of information, the amount of actual data

may not be a full 8 bits. According to standard values for frames

are 5, 7, and 8 bits.

3) Parity Bits:
Parity bit’s used for Error checking during Transmission of Data

bits through Serial Communication. There are four types of parity

-- even, odd, marked, and spaced. You also can use no Parity.

Although, for even & odd parity we set a parity bit after data bits

to prove that incoming data have how much logic high & low bits.

29
 4) Stop Bits:
Stop bits are used at the end of frame before transmission of

data.

5) Error In/Out:
This used for checking the Error conditions before running of

node.

6) VISA Resource name out:

It contain copy of resources which given by Visa Resource name

during start of communication with different I/O resources.

5.3.2.2 VISA Read Function:

Figure 0-15 VISA Read Function

1) VISA Resource Name:

It specifies the resources (I/O) to which a VISA session will be

opened & create a classes. Also it includes the Logical Address of

connect Virtual Instrument device.

2) Byte Count:
Its show maximum number of bytes which we requested to read

through communication asynchronously. By using byte count terminal

the maximum no of bytes which we can demand to read are 256 bytes.

30
 3) Read buffer:
It sends no of bytes which is basically read through VISA serial port

buffer to your program. However, the amount of data that it returns

depends on 3 important details about settings & serial data: termination

character (demanding bytes match with reading bytes termination), the

amount of data requested, and the timeout period.

4) Read count:
It contain number of bytes which is actually read by serial

Communication.

5) VISA Resource name out:

It contain copy of resources which given by Visa Resource name during

start of communication with different I/O resources

5.3.2.3 While Loop:

Figure 0-16 While LOOP Structure

Components of While Loop:

1) Sub diagram:
It contain the code which need to execute with in while loop at per

iteration whenever any condition is true.

31
 2) Iteration Terminal
It contain the number of counts whenever any condition become true

during execution of code in current loop .Maximum range of Number of

counts is (231 – 1). After this value remain same just equal to (231 – 1).

3) Conditional Terminal
This terminal work on different values of Boolean Inputs & define at

which true or false value while loop start execution. By pushing on

switch a user can change current true & false conditions etc

5.3.2.4 VISA Write Function:

Figure 0-17 VISA Write Function

1) VISA Resource name:

It specifies the resources (I/O) to which a VISA session will be opened

& create a classes. Also it includes the Logical Address of connect

Virtual Instrument device.

2) Write Buffer:
It mainly contains the data which is need to be write on serial

communication device. Its maximum Range is almost 256-bytes which

are used in Synchronous or asynchronous frames to trigger the

particular object.

32
 3) Return count:
It contains the total actual number of bytes which are written on

communicating device during transmission of Serial data.

4) Error In/Out:
This used for checking the Error conditions before running of node.

5) VISA Resource name out:

It contain copy of resources which given by Visa Resource name during

start of communication with different I/O resources.

5.3.2.5 Case Structure:

Figure 0-18 Case Structure

1) Selector Label:
It contain different values for which a case is executed to give desirable

output. On default it contain two values (True & False) a user can

execute a different code on True value & for false value code will vary.

Also it can be executable for range of values.

33
 2) Sub diagram (Case):
It contain the Code which is need to be executed for different values of

Selector Label.

3) Case Selector:
As Selector Label contain different range of values unlike (True &

False) any Range value can be selected just by using Case Selector.

For instance, for 2 position switch, range of values may be true & false

or may be 1 & 2.

5.4 Uno Interfacing with Lab VIEW:

Install the NI VISA software in server computer. Install the NI MAX

(Measurement & Automation explorer) software in server computer

where Labview is installed .Open the NI MAX as an administrator & it

will open panel from left side select your communication port just like

Figure 0-19 COM Port Selection in MAX

Now Open the LabVIEW file & select your targeting communication &

run continuously front panel ready for serial communication with

34
Arduino Board & click on continuously running in LabVIEW front

panel.

5.5 Remote Access:

Steps for Remotely control front panel that is hosted behind a Remote

Router: Complete the following steps to set up a computer and router

for this type of connection. The steps are identical if the computer has

a wireless connection to the router.

 From the menu bar select Tools>Options & check Enable

Remote Panel Server while on 3rd step Brows the Root directory

& so on & on 4th step select port 80 While on 5th & 6th use log files

& select visible VI for front panel control.

Figure 0-20 Enabling Web Server

35
 Figure 0-21 Enabling Log File

Till last step Front panel would be ready for remotely access now for

controlling front panel in webpage there is need of publishing front

panel [12].

Steps for publishing webpages are select Tools>Web Publishing In 1st

step browse for your VI file which need ready for remotely control &

follow the further steps

Figure 0-22 Selection of VI for Remote Panel

36
Now 4th step show directory where web publishing page will be saved

while on 6th step show URL by copying this URL user can access this

front panel remotely with the help of web publishing page. After clicking

on Save to disk in step 7 go to connect option it will open Webpage in

your default web browser [12].

Figure 0-23 Web Pages Saving Root Directory

Figure 0-24 Web Browser Remote Panel Visualization

Figure 0-25 URL for Remotely Accessing Front Panel

37
This remote panel method will work only in same Domain Public IP

network but for remotely access this webpage with internet just replace

your pc name with Public IP address & port number [12] etc. In addition

by this method user can just access his front panel from his server

computer & for controlling this on your remote computer LabVIEW Run

Time Engine must be installed on both Webserver pc & on client PC

etc. Also follow the next steps

 Set the computer’s IP address to an address in the router's

domain (do not use DHCP, which is a typical default). For

example, if the router’s IP address is 192.168.1.1 then a good

address would be 192.168.1.200 [13].

 To configure this, go to Control Panel » Network and Sharing

Center » Change Adapter Settings.

 Right-click on your Local Area Connection and select Properties

Figure 0-26 Local Area Connection in Server

38
 Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) or Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) and click Properties

Figure 0-27 Internet Protocol Version in Server

 Enter an appropriate IP address (First three numbers should

match the router's address)

Figure 0-28 Assigning Static IP to Server

39
  Set up the router configuration by logging on to the router.

Figure 0-29 Select Port Forwarding in Router

 Select port forwarding in the router by range section and ensure

the WAN and LAN port values put 80 or may be differ.

 Application name is anything you like (only for your reference).

 Select the forwarding IP address to be the address of your server

computer (i.e. 192.168.1.200).

 Save the settings for the router.

Get your web server’s IP address

 From your server computer and using a web browser, browse

to "http://whatismyipaddress.com/". It will report your web

server's current IP address. Also if you have static IP Address

this cannot be changed [13].

40
  Now on client computer go to the web browser (Internet Explorer)

& type the (http://public IP / WAN port No/VI file name.html)

Now by typing above URL client can control his panel remotely etc.

Figure 0-30 Remote Front Panel View on Client

5.5.1 Remote Access Operation:

Remote access, over the web, to the virtual environment was achieved

employing the LabVIEW web server. This server allows multiple users

to access the front panel simultaneously and in real time, but only one

of them can control it and perform the experiment at a time. The

LabVIEW web server must be enabled and configured on the server

computer. To access the front panel through a web browser, the virtual

instrument was published in a web page by creating an HTML file,

using the Web publishing tool, available in LabVIEW software. The

server configuration and the HTML file creation were conducted in a

41
similar way to that described. In this configuration, a time limit was set

to determine how long a remote user can control the front panel. For

the remote access to the front panel, LabVIEW is not required but it is

necessary to install the LabVIEW Run-Time Engine of the same

version of the LabVIEW software installed on the server computer. The

Vision Run-Time Engine is also required to remotely view the displayed

images. The user accessing the front panel must request the control of

the virtual instrument by right-clicking and selecting the option Request

Control of VI [14]. If there is no other user controlling the experiment,

the control will be directly granted, but if another user has currently the

control, the server queues the request and the control will be granted

until the other user releases the control (right-clicking and selecting

Release Control of VI) or the time limit is exceeded. Only the server

user can regain control at any time and consult the users queue list

[14].

42
 Chapter 6 Conclusion & Future Work
Our designed system for industrial control provides remote access that

are based on real time automations using internet and standard

software’s (LabVIEW & Arduino). The LABVIEW (web publishing tools)

use to create the GUI (graphical user interface) which can be access

through internet worldwide where internet facilities are available. Our

remote access solutions based on port forwarding and static IP

(internet protocol) where just configure IP of router from anywhere &

get access over communication port for controlling the industrial panel

at real time. This developed system is totally integrated automation &

give perfect interaction of all implemented components. It getting

verification on designed industrial panel so concluded that proposed

project is an effective module for real time controlling of Industry at

remote location. Future work is focused on the development of other

experiments not only for the industrial automation web-based

laboratory but also for smart metering system.

43
 REFERENCES
[1] M. Olfusi, "Individual Control Home Automation System," Nigeria, 2013.
[2] Terry M. Brei, "What Is Industrial Automation," 15 October 2013.
[3] M. Rouse, "remote access," remote access, september 2005.
[4] J. Bruce, "Home Networking," 28 March 2015.
[5] W. Glenn, "How To Remote Access over the Internet," 22nd December 2016.
[6] N. Zlatanov, "Arduino and Open Source Computer Hardware and Software," IEEE
Computer Society, November.
[7] A. MISHRA, "DESIGN OF Temperature Controller Using LabVIEW," Rourkela, Odisha-
769008, 2013.
[8] P. Goswami, "Data Acquisition," Nirma University,India, 2015.
[9] Reichenstein7, "Arduino Modules - L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller," 24th October
2013.
[10] Texas Instruments, 2016.
[11] N. Support, How Do I Publish My VI to a Web Page?, 2017.
[12] N. Support, How Do I Connect to a Remote Front Panel that is Hosted Behind a Remote
Router?, 2015.
[13] F. H. V.-L. et, "Electropneumatic system for industrial automation: a remote," in : 10.1016/j,
2013.

44