0.

10
0.09 Laminar Critical
0.08 flow zone Transition
zone Complete turbulence in rough pipes
0.07 0.05
0.04
0.06

Lam
0.03

inar
0.05 0.02

flow
0.015

f=6
0.04

D
e
0.01

Relative roughness
4/Re
0.008
Friction factor f

0.006
0.03
0.004
0.025
0.002

0.02 0.001
0.0008
0.0006
0.0004
0.015 Sm
oo
th 0.0002
pi
pe
s 0.0001

0.000,05
0.01
0.009
0.000,01
0.008
103 2 3 4 5 6 8 104 2 3 4 5 6 8 105 2 3 4 5 6 8 106 2 3 4 5 6 8 107 2 3 4 5 6 8 108
e
D = 0. e
× 103 × 104 × 105 × 106 000 D = 0
,00 .00
1 0, 005
VD
Reynolds number Re =
n
17

Figure 1.3 Moody diagram.