Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Instrumentation Technology
(INSTR F311)
Date:
17-10-18 Instructor-Incharge
Dr. Anita Agrawal
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 2
Anita Agrawal
Electro-pneumatics: definition
• The transferring of energy in pneumatics
(such as pumping air into a pneumatic
cylinder) must be controlled.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 3
Anita Agrawal
The control of pneumatic components by
electrical impulses is known
“electro-pneumatics”
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 4
Anita Agrawal
Major Components/Devices
• Manually actuated push button switches
• Limit switches
• Pressure switches
• Solenoids
• Relays
• Timers
• Temperature switches
• Proximity sensors
• Electric counters
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 5
Anita Agrawal
Push-button switches
• A switch used to close or open an electric
control circuit.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 6
Anita Agrawal
Push-button switches: Types
– Momentary push button
• Important tasks:
– Switching supply air ‘on’ or ‘off’
– Extension and retraction of cylinder
drives
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 10
Anita Agrawal
• Electrically actuated directional control valves
are switched with the aid of solenoids. They
can be divided into two groups:
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 11
Anita Agrawal
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 12
Anita Agrawal
Limit Switch
• Any switch that is actuated due to the
position of a fluid power component (usually a
piston rod or hydraulic motor shaft or the
position of load) is termed as limit switch.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 13
Anita Agrawal
• Performs the same function as push
button switches.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 14
Anita Agrawal
• The most common type of limit switch is
a mechanical limit switch. This switch
tracks the location of a specific item
and opens or closes when that item
reaches a specific location.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 15
Anita Agrawal
Reed Proximity switches
• Are magnetically actuated proximity switches.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 16
Anita Agrawal
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 17
Anita Agrawal
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 18
Anita Agrawal
• The transfer type reed switch is normally
ON, due to mechanical bias of the common
(COM) lead, which is between the normally
closed (N.C) reed contact and the normally
open (N.O) reed contacts. When an external
magnetic field is induced, the N.C blade is not
affected because it is non-magnetic but the
COM lead is attracted by the N.O lead and
moves. When the magnetic field is removed,
COM lead again moves to the N.C lead by
mechanical.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 19
Anita Agrawal
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 20
Anita Agrawal
• The two wire reed switch consists of two
reeds. One of the reed is connected to
positive terminal of electric supply and other
is connected to signal output.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 21
Anita Agrawal
Symbol of reed switch
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 22
Anita Agrawal
Inductive proximity sensor
• The inductive sensor uses a coil or inductor to
generate a high frequency magnetic field.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 23
Anita Agrawal
• This resulting current flow sets up a new
magnetic field that opposes the original
magnetic field.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 24
Anita Agrawal
Inductive sensor & its symbol
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 25
Anita Agrawal
Capacitive sensors
• Capacitive sensors are able to detect
most materials at distances upto a few
centimetres.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 26
Anita Agrawal
• In the sensor, the area of the plates
and distance between them is fixed.
But, the dielectric constant of the
space around them will vary as different
material is brought near the sensor.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 27
Anita Agrawal
Capacitive proximity sensor
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 28
Anita Agrawal
• The proximity of any material near the
electrodes will increase the capacitance.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 29
Anita Agrawal
Optical Sensors
• Optical sensors require both a light source
(emitter) and detector.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 31
Anita Agrawal
• The emitter and detector are
positioned so that an object will block
or reflect a beam when present.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 32
Anita Agrawal
Optical proximity sensors
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 33
Anita Agrawal
Pressure Switch
• Is a pneumatic-electric signal converter.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 34
Anita Agrawal
• Bellows or Diaphragm is used to expand
or contract in response to increase or
decrease of pressure.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 35
Anita Agrawal
• When the pressure is applied at the inlet and
when the pre-set pressure is reached, the
diaphragm expands and pushes the spring
loaded plunger to make/break contact.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 36
Anita Agrawal
Magnetic Reed Switch
• A Reed Switch is a small electromechanical
device having two ferromagnetic reeds that
are hermetically sealed in a glass
envelope. They range in length from 2.0
inches long to as small as 0.025 inches long.
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 37
Anita Agrawal
Miniature reed switch Standard reed switch
SPDT SPST
Electropneumatics
18-Oct-18 38
Anita Agrawal